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Heavy Metal Accumulation in Crops Irrigated with Poor
Quality WaterMausumi Raychaudhuri1, A. K. Singh2, S. K. Jain2,
Ravish Chandra2 and Ashwani Kumar1
1Directorate of Water Management Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023
2College of Agricultural Engineering, Rajendra Agricultural University,
Pusa, Bihar 848125
Session- Wastewater Management-Recycling and Reuse
DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar
Introduction• Fresh water is becoming scarce• Only 31 and 60 percent of the urban effluent and
industrial effluent are treated• The periurban agriculture is mainly based on poor
quality water• About 75000 ha area in India is irrigated with
wastewater• A rich source of nutrient, economically viable and
easily available• Long term irrigation may lead to accumulation of
heavy metals in agricultural soils and plantsDWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar
To study the heavy metal accumulation in soil and plant
To study the trace element accumulation in soil and plant
Objective
DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar
Study area
DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar
Sl.No. Sampling Sites Distance from source (km)
Soil Crops
1. Chhoti Pahari 0.2 S1 Red Spinach, Spongegourd, Spinach, 0.50 S2 Red Spinach, Chilli, Cowpea
2.. Bari Pahari 1.50 S3 Pumpkin, Red Spinach, Okra, Cowpea2.50 S4 Poi, Chilli, Okra, Pumpkin
3. Ranipur Pajhaba 4.00 S5 Cabbage, Okra, Pumpkin4.50 S6 Cabbage, Pumpkin, Brinjal
4. Mahadeo Sthan 6.00 S7 Spongegourd, Cowpea, Red spinach, Okra, Sugar beet
6.50 S8 Chilli, Red Spinach, Spongegourd, Maize5. Begampur 8.50 S9 Sugar beat, Pumpkin, Spongegourd, Okra,
9.00 S10 Chilli, Spongegourd, Red spinach, Poi Cowpea
6. Karmali Chowk 10.0 S11 Spongegourd, Cowpea, Okra, Maize10.5 S12 Okra, Spongegourd, Red spinach
7. Sati Chowk 11.5 S13 Okra, Red spinach, Pumpkin12.0 S14 Chilli, Cowpea, Brinjal, Okra
8. Deedarganj 13.5 S15 Okra, Cowpea, Cucumber14.0 S16 Spongegourd, Cowpea, Okra
Experimental Details
DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar
Concentration of heavy metals along the distance from the sewage disposal site
Concentration of trace metals in soils along the distance from the sewage disposal site
DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar
Concentration of trace metals in plant samples
Concentration of heavy metals in plant samples
DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar
Relative accumulation of trace element in different plant species
.
Zn Spinacha>cabbageab > poiabc >red spinachabcd > sugarbeetbcde > pumpkincde > chillide > maizee > cowpeae > brinjale > sponge gourde > cucmbere > okrae
Fe Sugarbeeta > cucmberab >spinachabc>red spinachabc > cabbageabc > maizebcd > chillibcde >cowpeabcde>okracde > spongegourdde > pumpkinde > brinjalde >poie
Cu Spinacha>cabbageb > chillib > cucumberb >red spinachb > pumpkinb >sugarbeetb > okrab >cowpeab > spongegourdb > maizeb>poib > brinjalb
Mn Cucumbera > spinachab > chilliabc >sugarbeetabc > cabbageabc > spongegourdabc >redspinachbc>okra bc> maizebc > brinjal bc>pumpkinbc >cowpea bc>poic respectively
DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar
. Ni Sugarbeeta > red spinachab > poiab > chilliab > spinachab > okraab > sponge gourdab > cucumberab > cowpeaab > pumpkinab > cabbageab > brinjalb > maizeb
Cr Spinacha > red spinacha > sugarbeeta > okraab > cowpeabc > cucumberbc > poibc > maizebc > pumpkinbc > sponge gourdbc > cabbagebc > chillic > brinjalc Cd Spinacha > red spinachab > poiab > sugarbeetab > brinjalb > cabbageb > chillib > cucumberb > okrab > cowpeab > sponge gourdb > pumpkinb > maizeb
Pb Cabbagea > poiab > spinachab > chilliabc > sugarbeetabc > red spinachabc > okraabc > cowpeaabc > brinjalabc > sponge gourdabcd > pumpkinbcd > maizecd >cucumberd
Relative accumulation of heavy metals in different plant species
DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar
Conclusion• Irrigation with wastewater accumulates trace
elements and heavy metals in soil and plants• Transfer of metals from added water to the
soils and subsequently uptake by the plants that enter the feed and food-chain pose threats for human health and animals
• Integrated water management is required for safe use of poor quality water in irrigation
DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar