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AHG Professional Herbalist Training Webinars Presents: Herbal Pharmacology: Case Based Studies with Guido Masé, RH (AHG) Hosted by Anna Claire Lotti AHG Education Coordinator
AHG Professional Herbalist Training Webinars Presents:
Herbal Pharmacology: Case Based Studies with Guido Masé, RH (AHG)
Hosted by Anna Claire LottiAHG Education Coordinator
AHG Professional Herbalist Training Webinar Sponsors
To become a webinar sponsor contact www.americanherbalistsgsuild.com
Guido Masé RH(AHG)
*A case-based approach
Part III
*Tissue-level activity
Central nervous system
Gastrointestinal tract
Lymphatic channels / Immune cells
“Acupharmacology”
Reflex action mediated by autonomics
Hepatic effects
Hormone metabolism
Toxicity
Central nervous system effects: limbic system, frontal cortex, hypothalamus / autonomics
Central effects (limbic, olfactory, frontal)Peripheral effects (vanilloid receptors, chemosensing receptors)
GI tract – emulsification / entrapment of glucose, cholesterol, bile salts
GI tract – enhanced absorption
Shoba G, Joy D, Joseph T, Majeed M, Rajendran R, Srinivas PS. Influence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in animals and human volunteers. Planta Med. 1998 May;64(4):353-6.
Lymphatic channels and immune system: innate immune activation / conversation, helper T cell modulation
Simon Mills – Out of the Earth and Principles and Practices of Phytotherapy
Steroid hormone metabolism (cortisol/cortisone)Also occurs in the kidney
Toxicity – with repercussions on vasculature (VOD, e.g.)Representative scheme of PA mechanisms of toxicity: PA, pyrrolizidine alkaloid; EPy, pyrrole ester; APy, pyrrolic alcohol; GSH, glutathione; Py-SG, pyrrole-glutathione conjugate; Py-SPr, pyrrole bound to protein thiol; RBC, red blood cell. The dashed lines for APy indicate that it is a minor metabolite responsible for chronic effects because of its lower reactivity and long half-life. Prakash et al 1999
Male, 8 years old
Recurrent anxiety, agitation
Belly spasm, especially secondary to stress
Bloating, esp. post-carbohydrate
Beginning glycemic / lipidemic issues
Overweight, somewhat sedentary
Cool, moist skin
Potentially applicable chemical classes:
Volatile oils
Pungent compounds
Saponins (with caution re:nausea)
Constitutional notes:
Dietary assessment crucial
Activity?
Potentially applicable chemical classes:
Volatile oils
Peppermint (Mentha x piperita)
[though perhaps a bit cool?]
M H Pittler MD and E Ernst MD, PhD, FRCP. Peppermint oil for irritable bowel syndrome: a critical review and metaanalysis. American Journal of Gastroenterology (1998) 93, 1131–1135
Potentially applicable chemical classes:
Volatile oils
Chamomile (Matricaria)
U. Achterrath-Tuckermann, R. Kunde, E. Flaskamp, O. Isaac, K. Thiemer. Investigations on the Spasmolytic Effect of Compounds of Chamomile and Kamillosan® on the Isolated Guinea Pig lleum. Planta Med 1980; 39(5): 38-50
Potentially applicable chemical classes:
Pungent compounds
Zingiberene - Ginger
Riyazi A, Hensel A, Bauer K, Geissler N, Schaaf S, Verspohl EJ. The effect of the volatile oil from ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale), its fractions and isolated compounds on the 5-HT3 receptor complex and the serotoninergic system of the rat ileum. Planta Med. 2007 Apr;73(4):355-62.
Potentially applicable chemical classes:
Saponins
Fenugreek (Trigonella)
Kassaian N, Azadbakht L, Forghani B, Amini M. Effect of fenugreek seeds on blood glucose and lipid profiles in type 2 diabetic patients. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2009 Jan;79(1):34-9.
Male, 8 years old
Recommendations:
Chamomile infusion, slightly sweetened, ad. lib.
Fenugreek powder, 2tsp. BID (2,000mg)
(hard to tolerate, moved to caps)
Crystallized ginger pieces, after meals
as needed, no more than 3x/day
… 2 weeks …
Fewer GI symptoms, less painful
No nausea or bloating.
Discussed: exercise, carb choices,
bitters
Female, 65 years old
Generally active, at least 3-4 days / week
Frequent daytime urination (12+ times / day) with small amount of urine voided. No nighttime urination.
Diet lacks diversity, but is generally whole-grain and vegetable based. Adequate protein from legumes and fish.
No history of urinary infection.
Normal cardiovascular parameters. Good sleep quality.
Fairly balanced, tends to dryness
Slightly cool, weak pulse
Potentially applicable chemical classes:
Tropane alkaloids
Volatile oils
Constitutional notes:
Social anxiety? Daytime anxiety? Unclear. To watch!
Potentially applicable chemical classes:
Tropane alkaloids
Scopolamine – Datura spp.
Begum, Sabira et al. Gastrointestinal, selective airways and urinary bladder relaxant effects of Hyoscyamus niger re mediated through dual blockade of muscarinic receptors and Ca2+ channels. Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology 22 (1) (2008)
Potentially applicable chemical classes:
Volatile oils
Linalool, eudesmol - Viburnum
Miyazawa, M.; Hashidume, S.; Takahashi, T. & Kikuchi, T. Aroma Evaluation of Gamazumi(Viburnum dilatatum) by Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis and Odour Activity Value Phytochemical Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012, 23, 208-213
Female, 65 years oldRecommendations:Tincture formula: Viburnum 20ml, Datura 10ml. 30gtt QD am… 48 hours …Marked improvement in urinary frequency and urgency… 4 weeks …Discontinue formula and assess:- No insomnia- No hypertension- No vision disturbances- No anxiety… 6 weeks …Symptoms begin to return. Restartherbal formula. More nervines
Male, 20 years old
Asthma (mild) induced by exercise: track+field athlete 800m
Excellent diet, “imports” fruits and vegetables into college cafeteria to feed himself
Uses rescue inhaler before race and still unable to breathe
Seasonal allergy pattern aggravates; otherwise healthy
Constitutional notes:
Healthy, mostly balanced, ruddy
Calm demeanor
Potentially applicable chemical classes:
Triterpenoids – from medicinal mushrooms
Polysaccharides – from medicinal mushrooms
Xanthine alkaloids
Piperidine alkaloid derivative - lobeline
Volatile oils
Constitutional notes:
Generally balanced, keep it up!
Potentially applicable chemical classes:
Triterpenoids (steroidal) – from medicinal mushrooms
Ganoderma lucidum
Wen M.-C., et al. Efficacy and tolerability of antiasthma herbal medicine intervention in adult patients with moderate-severe allergic asthma. (2005) Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 116 (3), pp. 517-524.
Potentially applicable chemical classes:
Polysaccharides – from medicinal mushrooms
Ganoderma lucidum
Wen M.-C., et al. Efficacy and tolerability of antiasthma herbal medicine intervention in adult patients with moderate-severe allergic asthma. (2005) Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 116 (3), pp. 517-524.
Potentially applicable chemical classes:
Xanthine alkaloids
Theophylline - cacao
Cushley MJ, Tattersfield AE, Holgate ST. Adenosine-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma. Antagonism by inhaled theophylline. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984 Mar;129(3):380-4.
Potentially applicable chemical classes:
Piperidine alkaloids
Lobeline – Lobelia inflata
Jain SK, Subramanian S, Julka DB, Guz A. Search for evidence of lung chemoreflexes in man: study of respiratory and circulatory effects of phenyldiguanide and lobeline. Clin Sci. 1972 Feb;42(2):163-77.
Potentially applicable chemical classes:
Volatile oils
Eucalyptol – Eucalyptus globulus
Juergens UR, Dethlefsen U, Steinkamp G, Gillissen A, Repges R, Vetter H. Anti-inflammatory activity of 1.8-cineol (eucalyptol) in bronchial asthma: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Respir Med. 2003 Mar;97(3):250-6.
Male, 20 years old
Recommendations:
Morning: tincture of Lobelia, 15gtt in water, before workout
Ganoderma lucidum, 2-phase extract, 2ml BID
Cacao – hot beverage from organic powder + raw honey
Eucalyptus inhaler PRN
… 2 weeks …
Able to breathe better after race
… 6 weeks …
Reaches final in All-America East
Generally very pleased
* During the Great Plague, physicians routinely used relatively airtight masks with long beaks stuffed with aromatic plants – notably rosemary and mugwort – to prevent noxious vapors, thought to carry disease, from infecting them.
Antiseptic mechanisms: Nazzaro 2013
Antispasmodic action: Ca2+ channel inhibitionLis-Balchin 1998, 2001, 2002 and Aromatherapy Science (2006)
Female, 25 years old, Preparing for first delivery, 39 weeks since conceptionAll seems fine – fetal health excellent, maternal health goodLatent labor passing into active labor, pain increases
Has an herbal tea for labor pain ready:Black CohoshRed RaspberryRagwortEvening Primrose
Wants to take it starting now,For 3+ weeks postpartumISSUES?
Ragwort – Senecio jacobaea et al spp.
Traditional uses include:Pain controlTopical antidyscraticBitter, astringent post-partum remedy
…but recognized as potentially toxic to livestockas early as Maude Grieve (1930) and earlier
Potentially applicable chemical classes:
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids
Ragwort – Senecio jacobaea et al spp.
KE Panter et al. Natural plant toxicants in milk: a review. Journal of animal science, 1990 Re: toxicity see Prakash 1999
Female, 25 years old
Recommendations:
Discontinue tea blend, and reformulate without the ragwort!
Avoid Symphytum, Borago, Petasities, Tussilago, etc… as well, including during lactation (breast milk transfer does occur)
Hepatotoxic!
Carcinogenic!
May not be an issue for mother
BIG issue for newborn infant
Cumulative toxicity
Guido Masé RH(AHG)
2017
