Hicks Molly Erin

7/24/2019 Hicks Molly Erin

1/97

ABSTRACT

REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE & RETHINK: ASSESSING THE SUSTAINABLE ANDCREATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF PARK FURNISHINGS FOR THE MILL CREEK

GREENWAY TRAIL, CINCINNATI, OHIO

by Molly E. H!"#

T$# %%'( ('%o()# o* +)'(l# lbl' )o !(')' ('-#' * ('!y!l' %(" /-(*#$*0#/o( )$' Mll C(''" G(''*1y T(l * C*!**), O$o. R'#'(!$ 1# o*' -(*0 #-++'( 2334 *)'(*#$% 1)$ Mll C(''" R'#)o()o* P(o5'!) )o '*)/y +)'(l# )$)1'(' lbl' /o( -#' * )$' %(o%o#' Mll C(''" G(''*1y T(l )$) 1o-l ('/l'!) #-#)*bl)y ')$!. I* o)$'( 1o(#, * 1$) 1y# !o-l /-(*#$*0# /o( )$' 0(''*1y )(lb' !(')' 6+-l)7-#' )(l, b'*!$'#, #0*#, l*#!%*0 +)'(l#, ')!8 )$) 1o-l $'l%%(o)'!) )$' '*(o*+'*)lly #'*#)' Mll C(''", 1$l' l#o ('/l'!)*0 * '*!o-(0*0'*(o*+'*)l#+ * )$' C*!**) ('0o*. E0$) !()'( 1'(' -#' 1$'* *ly9*0 '!$+)'(l /o( %o##bl' -#': %(o%o#' -#' /o( +)'(l, !o#), -(bl)y, '#)$')!#, #/')y *$'l)$, #-#)*bl)y * '*(o*+'*)l +%!), l/' !y!l' !o#)#, * lo!l, ('0o*l, #))'* *)o*l lbl)y.


2/97

REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE & RETHINK: ASSESSING THE SUSTAINABLE ANDCREATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF PARK FURNISHINGS FOR THE MILL CREEK

GREENWAY TRAIL, CINCINNATI, OHIO

A P(!)!-+ R'%o()

S-b+))' )o )$'

F!-l)y o/ M+ U*'(#)y

* %()l /-l/ll+'*) o/ )$' ('-('+'*)# /o( )$' '0('' o/

M#)'( o/ E*(o*+'*)l S!'*!'

I*#))-)' o/ E*(o*+'*)l S!'*!'#

By

Molly E. H!"#


3/97

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4/97

Table of Contents

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Uses for Material or Item

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Initial Cost

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0'*'(l '#)$')! *ly## 1ll b' o*' /o( #o+' )'+#, # # %%(o%()'.

Safety and Health Issues

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//'('*) +)'(l# b'*0 ##'##', )$' -)$o( 1ll o b#! ('#'(!$ o* !o#)# )o /-l/ll )$#

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Local !e"ional State and #ational Availability

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b'*'/!l )o MCRP. E!$ %(o-!) $# EPA ('!o++'*)o*# o* ('!o++'*'

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%(o-!)# +' /(o+ # $0$ ('!y!l' !o*)'*) # %o##bl'.

*ocal and (egional #unici+al Solid &aste and 'emolition 'ebris

Carrying Ca+acity

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(eusable #aterials

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by #iami niversity arc"itecture students/

summer 0112.

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21/97

Initial Cost

R'-#bl' l-+b'( !* b' %-(!$#' ) B-l*0 Vl-', 1$!$ # lo!)' o* Glb'() A'*-'

* C*!**). L-+b'(, 1)$ +*+-+ o/ /) * l'*0)$, # #-!!'##/-lly #ol * ('-#'

by !-#)o+'(# 6B-l*0 Vl-' 23348. T$' !o#) o/ )$# l-+b'( (*0'# >.23 /o( 2 ; ; @

)o .3 /o( 2 ; >2 ; @ %'!'. S%'!l %'!'# o/ 1oo )$) $' '!o()' +ol*0 1ll

!o#) +o('. T$'(' # *o 1y )o #!'(* 1$')$'( l-+b'( $# b''* %('##-(' )(')' o( *o),

#*!' B-l*0 Vl-' $# *o ('-(' %(o!'## )o !$'!" b'/o(' ('#l', )$o-0$ )(')' 1oo

o/)'* #$o1# (' o( 0(''* )*) 6S"''# 23348. Fo( !o+%(#o*, b-y*0 #-#)*bly

$('#)' l-+b'( /(o+ lo!l Ho+' D'%o) 6W'#)'(* Hll#8 !o#)# /(o+ . /o( 2 ; ;

@ )o 4.< /o( 2 ; ; >2.

L-+b'( /(o+ )$' CPB S*)o* Ro #l0' y( 1o-l *o) !o#) MCRP *y)$*0.

Ho1''(, ('-'#) 1o-l *'' )o b' +' /o( )$' l-+b'( )o +"' #-(' *o o)$'( %()'#

1)$* )$' P(" Bo( 1#$ )o -#' ). Ol lo0# /(o+ !)y )(''# )$) *''' )o b' !-) by )$'

U(b* Fo('#)(y #o* o/ CPB !o-l %o##bly b' ('-'#)' /o( -#', * 1'(' b'*0


22/97

,igure 3. (osela%n benc" design contest %inner/ maintained by (osela%n

H!"# 2334

Durability

Woo, )$o-0$ '#)$')!lly %l'#*0 )o +*y %'o%l', # l#o !o*#'(' )o b' )$' l'#)


23/97

/(o+ !o+%*'# 1ll b' )$' '#'#) o%)o*. Ho1''(, )$o-0$ !o+%*'# l"' E'(1oo

D'!"*0 P()*'(#, L), !l+ )o $('#) %' #-#)*bly, )$# 1oo # /o-* * )$' A+9o*

* #, )$'('/o(', b'*0 $('#)' /(o+ '!olo0!lly #'*#)' ('# * *o) /(o+ )(''

/(+#. I%' 0(o1# * !l-#)'(# o/ )(''# *#)' o/ *-lly. T$'('/o(', ) # b'l'' )$)

$('#)*0 %' # b'))'( )$* $('#)*0 *-lly 0(o1*0 )(''# l"' +$o0*y *

)'". I%' # $('#)' * !l-#)'(' ('# o/ /o('#), 1$!$, ) # (0-', ('-!'# )$' o'(ll

+0' !-#', # o%%o#' )o $('#)*0 *-lly 0(o1*0 #%'!'# /(o+ l(0'( ('

1)$* /o('#) 6I**('ll 2332, T$' A)l*)# F-(*)-(' Co+%*y 23348.

Aesthetics

A'#)$')!lly, #o+' %'o%l' +y %('/'( 1oo o'( o)$'( +)'(l# /o( /-(*#$*0 -' )o )#

*)-(l %%'(*!'. Ho1''(, # !* b' #''* ) *y %(" 1$'(' 1oo'* b'*!$'# ('

*#)ll' * *o) +*)*' %(o%'(ly, 1oo o'# *o) l1y# 1')$'( 1'll, * !* 1(%

* !(!" '#ly * '*(o*+'*)# l"' O$o, 1$!$ # * $-+ ('0o* 1$'('

)'+%'()-('# /l-!)-)' /(o+ #'#o* )o #'#o* 6D'l!o-() * D'l!o-() 2333,


24/97

b' '(y +%o()*) 1)$ ('-#' 1oo %(o-!)# )o '*#-(' )$'( bl)y )o l#) lo*0 )+'

1)$o-) !(!"*0 o( 1'(*0 o1*. G(''* S'l, *o*%(o/) o(0*9)o* )$) %(o+o)'#

)$' -#' o/ '*(o*+'*)lly /('*ly %(o-!)# $# lbl' o*l*' l#)*0 o/ %*)# *

!o)*0# )$) *!l-'# ';)'(o( #'l*)# 6G(''* S'l 2334b8.

Sustainability and Environmental Impact

T+' * 0* ) $# b''* #!'*)/!lly %(o'* )$) )$' ('+**0 ol70(o1)$ /o('#)# *

)$' 1o(l (' #%%'(*0 -' )o )$' *!('#' * lo00*0 o/ )$'#' ('#, l'*0 )o 1)'(

%oll-)o*, $b)) '#)(-!)o* * #%l!'+'*) o/ *0'*o-# %'o%l', )o *+' /'1

!o*!'(*# 6Fo('#) S)'1(#$% Co-*!l 23348. R'-#*0 ol l-+b'( /(o+ %('o-# %(o5'!)#,

o( -#*0 l-+b'( #!(%# /(o+ /*#$' %(o5'!)#, 1ll b' )$' b'#) 1y )o ('-!' $('#)*0

o/ l-+b'( /(o+ )$'#' /o('#)#. So+' o/ o-( ('+**0 ol 0(o1)$ /o('#)# (' '!o#y#)'+#

)$) $' 'ol' * ';#)' /o( o'(


25/97

%'*)!$lo(o%$'*ol $' b''* -#'. A# o/ D'!'+b'( >, 233 *o %(o-!'( !* -#' CCA

)o )(') 1oo /o( ('#'*)l -#' * )$' U*)' S))'#. T$# $# b''* /o-* )o b' *

'#%'!lly ol)l' !o+%o-*, 1$!$ !* l'!$ /(o+ l-+b'( *)o #ol# * 1)'(1y#, *

l#o o*)o %'o%l'# $*# 1$'* !o+*0 *)o !o*)!) 1)$ *'1ly )(')' )'+# 6Wol*)9'"

23348. E'* 1$'* b-(*', )$' #$'# /(o+ CCA7)(')' l-+b'( (' )'!$*!lly $9(o-#

1#)', * #$o-l b' #%o#' o/ * $9(o-# 1#)' /!l)'#, )$o-0$ )$# # *o)

!o*##)'*)ly o*' 6N)o*l S-#)*bl' A0(!-l)-(' I*/o(+)o* S'(!' 23348. T$'

'l+*)o* o/ CCA7)(')' l-+b'( /(o+ )$' U.S. +("') $# //'!)' * '#)+)' @3

%'(!'*) o/ )$' bllo* **-l l-+b'( +("'). A!!o(*0 )o T$' H'l)$y B-l*0

N')1o(", )$# 1# )$' *)o*# l(0'#) -#' o/ (#'*! * )$' l(0'#) #o-(!' o/ (#'*!

';%o#-(' )o A+'(!*# 6Pl)), L'*) * Wl#$ 2334, 8.

R'-#*0 CCA7)(')' l-+b'( # %o##bl' )$(o-0$ )(')+'*) 1)$ !$'+!l %(o!'##'# l"'

bol'!$*0 * bo('+')o*. M-!$ o/ )$' )+' )$'#' %(o!'##'# (' o*' o* !$%%'

1oo %()!l'# * *o) o* %'!'# o/ l-+b'(. A!!o(*0 )o )$' USDA Fo('#) S'(!', #*!'

) # '!o*o+!lly #*)0'o-# )o ('+')' CCA7)(')' 1oo 1$'* !o+%*'# !*


26/97

S-#)*bl' A0(!-l)-(' I*/o(+)o* S'(!' 23348 T$' +* *0(''*)# (' l*#'' ol,

%(//* 1; * * %%(o' )$**'( l"' !)(-# )$**'( o( #)ll' %*' )(. T$' Fo('#)

S)'1(#$% Co-*!l l#o %(o'# !!('))o* * */o(+)o* o* !o+%*'# )$) *o)

o*ly -#' #-#)*bl' $('#)*0 )'!$*-'#, b-) l#o o *o) )(') 1)$ CCA 6Fo('#)

S)'1(#$% Co-*!l 23348.

Local, e!ional, State and "ational Availability

Lo!lly, # +'*)o*' '(l'(, B-l*0 Vl-' #'ll# -#' l-+b'(. L-+b'( # l#o lo!)'

* #l0' o( #)o(0' y(# l"' CPB# S*)o* Ro #l0' y(. L-+b'( +y l#o b'

!!'##bl' ) !o*#)(-!)o* #)'# 1$'(' MCRP !* %!" -% +)'(l# b'/o(' )$'y (' #'*) )o

C&DD l*/ll#. T$'(' (' +-l)%l' !o*#)(-!)o* !o+%*'# * )$' (' )$) +y b'

1ll*0 )o l') MCRP #l0' +)'(l#, *!l-*0 T-(*'( Co*#)(-!)o* Co+%*y, M'##'(

Co*#)(-!)o* Co+%*y * H. Gl#0o1 Co*#)(-!)o* Co+%*y. M'0'* Co*#)(-!)o*

Co+%*y $# b''* %() o/ +*y 1'll7"*o1* !o*#)(-!)o* %(o5'!)# * C*!**)

*!l-*0 o*'# ) )$' U*'(#)y o/ C*!**) * T$' N)o*l U*'(0(o-* Rl(o


27/97

Cast Iron

Uses for Material or Item

C#) (o* # )$' +)'(l /(o+ 1$!$ )('' 0()'# (' +'. T$# # )$' +* ('#o* /o( 1$y

)$'y (' b'*0 ##'##' * )$# ('%o(), )$o-0$ ('-#' o/ !#) (o* +0$) o!!-( * o)$'(

/o(+# b'#'# )('' 0()' /-(*#$*0# *!l-*0 b'*!$'#, (l*0# * )bl'#. B-l*0

Vl-' o( o)$'( #l0' b-#*'##'# +0$) '!o*#)(-!) ('# * /* -#bl' !#) (o*

/'*!*0. A# o/ *-(y 233, )$' S*)o* Ro #l0' y(, +*)*' by CPB, $ ol

!#) (o* %(" b'*!$'# * )('' 0()'# )$) !o-l b' ('-#', )$o-0$ ('-'#) 1o-l *''

)o b' +' )o !-(' %'(+##o* )o ('-#' )$'+.

Initial Cost

T$' l(0'#) ';%'*#' /o( MCRP 1$'* ('-#*0 !#) (o* # $*0 ) ('/*#$', 1$!$ #

'#%'!lly +%o()*) / (-#) # %('#'*). I* o('( )o ('/-(b#$ !#) (o*, )$' )'+ +-#) /(#)


28/97

('+o' * +"'# ) +o(' *l7%(oo/. T$' o*ly -(bl)y ##-'# 1ll *ol'

('/*#$*0 )$' (o* o'( )+'. M*y o/ )$' )('' 0()'# /o-* * )$' S*)o* Ro #l0'

y( 1'(' l('y (-#)y. T$o#' )$) $ b''* !o)' 1)$ !olo( $ (-#) o* )$'+ # 1'll.

T$'('/o(', / !#) (o* )'+# (' -#' * )$' 0(''*1y )(l, )$'y 1ll *'' +*)'**!',

)$o-0$ *o) *'!'##(ly **-lly, )o +"' #-(' (-#)*0 # 'l+*)' * )$' +)'(l #)y#

'#)$')!lly %%'l*0. O*' o/ CRC# !o*!'(*# 1)$ )$' )('' 0()' %(o)o)y%'# 1# )$'

*'' /o( b"' o* !o)*0. T$' %(o)o)y%'# 1'(' #+%ly #%(y7%*)' by #)-'*)#.

T$# !o*!'(* !* '#ly b' ('##' by %(o/'##o*lly %o1'( !o)*0 )$' )('' 0()'#, #

#!-##' * )$' initial cost#'!)o*.


A# +'*)o*' '(l'(, #/')y !o*!'(*# 1'(' o!' by CRC #)// 1$'* ##'##*0 )$' )(''

0()' %(o)o)y%'#. T$' !o*!'(* 1)$ )$' -#' o/ !#) (o* *!l-' *o) o*ly (-#)*0, b-)

#$(% '0'# )$) !o-l *5-(' -#'(#. I* -%)' )('' 0()' /-(*#$*0 '#0*# !(')' by

H-+* N)-(', I*!., (o-0$ '0'# o* )$' )('' 0()'# $' b''* #+oo)$' * o('( )o


29/97

T$' 1#)'1)'( !(')' /(o+ )$' !l'**0 %(o!'## # *o1 ('-#' by )$' !o+%*y. I* >4

)$'y -l/' /o( O$o# Poll-)o* P(''*)o* Lo* P(o0(+, 1$!$ llo1' )$'+ )o

*#)ll >3,333 #y#)'+ )$) 1o-l )(') )$' 1#)'1)'( * llo1 )$'+ )o ('-#' ) *

)$'( !l'**0 %(o!'## 6M'!$*!l F*#$*0, I*! 23348. I/ MCRP 1*)# )o -#' +')l

!l'**0 *#)' o/ #*bl#)*0 ) # ('!o++'*' )$) M'!$*!l F*#$*0, I*!. b'

-#', o( !o+%(bl' lo!l !o+%*y )$) %(o'# %(oo/ )$'y (' '*(o*+'*)lly

/('*ly.

R'-#*0 (o* +)'(l# 1ll /(#) "''% )$'+ /(o+ '**0 -% * l*/ll#. T$'(' ('

#-!!'##/-l b-#*'##'# )$) 1ll )"' #!(% +')l# /o( %(o/), b-) !l'*)# $' )o b' 1ll*0

)o )(*#%o() )$'( +)'(l# )o #!(% +')l ('!y!l*0 !o+%*'#. T$o-0$ )$'(' 1'(' *o

!o*!(')' %l*# # o/ *-(y 233, )$' C*!**) P(" Bo(, U(b* Fo('#)(y #o*

+y #'ll )$' ol !#) (o* )('' 0()'# b'*0 #)o(' * )$' S*)o* Ro #l0' y( )o #!(%+')l !o+%*'# / MCRP o'# *o) -#' )$'+. Ho1''(, # ol )('' 0()'# !o*)*-' )o b'

('+o' * ('%l!', )$'(' +y b' #)o!" lbl' )o MCRP * )$' /-)-(' b'/o(' b'*0

#ol # #!(% +')l. A ('-'#) 1o-l *'' )o b' +' )o CPB ('!)o(, Wll' F. C('*


30/97

/'') * l'*0)$. G(*)' # * ';%'*#' )'+. T$' C)y o/ C*!**) +y $'

('-#' %l**' /o( )$'#' )'+# l('y, * +y *o) 1*) )o o*)' )$'+ -' )o )$'(

1o()$. Ho1''(, )$' #lb# 1o-l +"' '(y *!', *)-(l b'*!$'# )$) !o-l #+%ly

b' %l!' o* )$' 0(o-* * l*#!%' ('# lo*0 )$' )(l. T$'y 1o-l b' $0$ly

*l %(oo/, 0'* )$) )$'y !o-l *o) b' '#ly +o'. T$' #lb# !o-l l#o b' !-)

by %(o/'##o*l * b' -#' /o( #%'!l #0*0'. S!$o)) Mo*-+'*) Co+%*y,

lo!)' * No()$#', # '(y 0oo ('#o-(!' / MCRP '!'# )o %(o!'' 1)$

('-'#) )o -#' )$' 0(*)'. T$' !o+%*y !o-l !-) * '*0(' 0(*)' #lb# o/ )$#

#9' )o '#(' #%'!/!)o*#.

eusable Asphalt A# +'*)o*' '(l'(, D* H'*#o*, D#o* o/ N'0$bo($oo

O%'()o*#: A#%$l), D'%()+'*) o/ P-bl! S'(!'#, )ol MCRP )$) $' 1o-l b'

1ll*0 )o o*)' )(-!"lo o( +o(' o/ ('-#bl' #%$l) /o( )$' Mll C(''"

G(''*1y T(l %(o5'!). I/ MCRP '!'# )o 1o(" 1)$ %*0 !o+%*y )$) 1ll

('-#' )'+# * )$' !o++-*)y, )$# #%$l) !o-l b' #'*) )o * #%$l) !o+%*y, l"'

Vll'y A#%$l) * C*!**), 1$!$ ('!y!l'# #%$l) )o ('-#' ) * %*0 %(o5'!)#.


31/97

T$'#' b(('l#, 1$!$ %%'( )o o*ly $' * o%'**0 ) )$' )o%, !o-l b' ('-#' by

MCRP )o !(')' )(#$ * ('!y!l*0 ('!'%)!l'#. C$l('* * o)$'( !o++-*)y

+'+b'(# !o-l %*) )$' b(('l# * $'l% *#)ll )$'+. T$'y 1o-l *'' )o b'

#'!-(' )o )$' 0(o-* )o ('-!' *l#+.

'elephone &oles5 I+0o, *)-(' %('#'(' * '*(o*+'*)lly /o!-#'

!o++-*)y o(0*9)o* * C*!**), -#'# )'l'%$o*' %ol'# # #')*0, )$o-0$ )$'y

(' '(y lo1 )o )$' 0(o-*. I+0o # %l***0 o* -#*0 o)$'( o*)' %ol'# /o( b*"

#)bl9)o* * 1)'( b(# * )$' /-)-(' 6T(o"* 23348. T$' l(0'#) !o*!'(* 1)$

('-#' o/ )'l'%$o*' %ol'# # )$' %o##bl)y )$) )$' 1oo +y $' b''* )(')' 1)$

CCA, # #!-##' '(l'(. S%l*)'(*0 +y l#o o!!-(, * )$'('/o(' b' ''+'

$9( by CRC.

Trail #aterials6 7e% and (ecycled

T$' l(0'#) * +o#) ';%'*#' %() o/ )$' Mll C(''" G(''*1y T(l #y#)'+


32/97

*0(''*)# *!l-' !!re!ate6#*, 0('l, !(-#$' #)o*'8, 1$!$ # 378. R'!y!l' * (0* !o*!(')' 1ll b' ##'##'

!oll'!)'ly * )$# ('%o(), #*!' )# ('!y!l' /o(+ * (0* /o(+ (' #o !o+%(bl'.

G'* )$) !o*!(')' # '#ly ('!y!l', * )$) lo!l !o+%*'# !* b' /o-* )$) -#'

('!y!l' !o*!(')', ) !o-l b' '#ly +%l'+'*)' *)o )$' Mll C(''" G(''*1y T(l /)$# +)'(l # /o-* )o b' )$' +o#) '#(bl' o'(ll. R'!y!l' !o*!(')' 1ll b' +o('

#%'!/!lly ('##' * )$' Sustainability and Environmental Impact#'!)o*.


33/97

Durability

Co*!(')' %(o5'!)# !* b' '#0*' /o( (o-# l'*0)$# o/ )+', l#)*0 # lo*0 # 43 y'(#,

1)$ * '(0' l/'#%* o/ 3 y'(#. No) # +-!$ b())l'*'##, !(!"*0 o( (o-0$*'##

o!!-(# o'( )+' # 1)$ #%$l) 6O('0o* D'%()+'*) o/ T(*#%o())o* 2334J A+'(!*

Co*!(')' P'+'*) A##o!)o* 2334!8. W$'* (y, !o*!(')' !(')'# $(, (0 #-(/!'

)$) !)-lly $('*# o'( )+', 0**0 >3 %'(!'*) +o(' * #)('*0)$ o*!' ) $# b''* *

%l!' /o( o*' +o*)$. Co*!(')' %(o5'!)# $' o/)'* o-)l#)' )$'( '#0* l'#, %(o*0

)$' lo*0')y o/ )$# %(o-!) 6A+'(!* Co*!(')' P'+'*) A##o!)o* 2334'8. To

('%l!' !o*!(')', 1$ol' #'!)o*# +-#) b' ('+o', *!l-*0 #-(/!' * b#' ly'(#, *

('%l!' 1)$ ll *'1 #'!)o*# 6I*)'(*)o*l G(oo*0 * G(**0 A##o!)o* 23348,

# o%%o#' )o #%$l), 1$!$ !* b' %)!$' 1)$ $o) +; o/)'* 1)$o-) ('+o*0 *y

l(0' #'!)o*# o/ )$' o(0*l #-(/!'. T$' O('0o* D'%()+'*) o/ T(*#%o())o* #-00'#)#)$) /o( b'#) lo*07)'(+ -#', !o*!(')' #$o-l b' -#' # o%%o#' )o #%$l) o* +-l)7-#'

)(l# 6O('0o* D'%()+'*) o/ T(*#%o())o* 23348. Co*!(')'# bl)y )o 1)$#)*

+%!) o* ('!(')o*l )(l # obo-# 1$'* !o+%(*0 )$' +%!) !(# * )(-!"# $'


34/97

T$' ADA #))'# )$) o-)oo( )(l #-(/!'# *'' )o b' /(+ * #)bl' 6A+'(!* T(l#

>8, 1)$ )(l# )$) (' 0(')'( )$* .4 +l'# *''*0 )o b' '(y /(+ * '(y

#)bl' 6N)o*l C'*)'( o* A!!'##bl)y 233>8. Co*!(')' )(l# 1o-l %(o' /(+ *

#)bl' )('l /o( )$o#' 1)$ #bl)'#. S*!' ('-('+'*)# /o( $( #-(/!' )(l# b-l) )o

!!o++o)' b"'# * #")'# )'* )o ';!'' ADA ('0-l)o*#, )$' !o*#)(-!)o* o/ )$'

+-l)7-#' )(l, # lo*0 # ) # ) l'#) /'') 1' 6)$' ADA ('-(' !l'( )(' 1)$8

1ll b' 1)$* ADA ('-('+'*)# 6N)o*l C'*)'( o* A!!'##bl)y 233>8.


I* +*y %()# o/ )$' U*)' S))'#, /**0 #o-(!'# o/ $0$ -l)y (0* 00('0)' #

b'!o+*0 $('( * $('( # *o*7('*'1bl' #o-(!'# (' '%l')'. D-' )o *!('#'# *

'+*, $o1''(, )$' %(o-!)o* o/ 00('0)' # '#)+)' )o *!('#' /(o+ >.@ bllo*

)o*# !-(('*)ly )o 2. bllo* )o*# by 2323 6H((*0)o* 2334, 8. G'* )$# %(o5'!)'

*!('#', ) 1ll b' ''* +o(' +%o()*) )o /* 1y# )o ('-#' * ('!y!l' !o*!(')' *

o('( )o ('-!' )$' '+* /o( (0* 00('0)' * )o ('!) ('-#bl' !o*!(')' 1y


35/97

o)$'( *)-(l ('#o-(!'# -#' )$) #-%%ly )$# '*'(0y, l"' !ol o( *)-(l 0#. G'* )$)

//'('*) %(o!'## %l*)# %(o-!' //'('*) !o*!(')'#, '%'**0 o* )$' )y%'# o/ 00('0)'

* %#)' *0(''*)# -#', )$'(' !* b' +*y //'('*) +o-*)# o/ ( '+##o*#, '*'(0y

-#', # 1'll # #ol 1#)' %(o-!'.

T$' +o#) ')(+'*)l ( %oll-)*)# ('l'#' -(*0 )$' !o*#)(-!)o* o/ !'+'*) (' !(bo*

o;' 6CO28, *)(o-# o;' 6NO;8, * %()!-l)' +))'(. C(bo* o;', )$' +5o(

#o-(!' o/ 0lobl 1(+*0, # ('l'#' -(*0 )$' '!o+%o#)o* o/ l+'#)o*' * /!)o('#,

* # ('l'#' /(o+ %o1'( #o-(!'# -#' )o #-%%ly /!)o('# 1)$ 'l'!)(!)y. A +o('

+*+l +o-*) # ('l'#' /(o+ ('y +; )(-!"# o( )(-!"# b(*0*0 (0* +)'(l# )o

)$' !'+'*)7+;*0 /!)o(y. P(o-!*0 o*' )o* o/ !'+'*), )$' +* *0(''*) * !o*!(')',

%(o-!'# %%(o;+)'ly > )o* o/ CO2. C-(('*)ly !'+'*) +*-/!)-(*0 !!o-*)# /o(

#''* )o '0$) %'(!'*) o/ **-l 0lobl CO2'+##o*# 6E!o#+() Co*!(')' 23348.C'+'*) "l*# -#' * )$' !o*!(')'7+"*0 %(o!'## ('l'#' *)(o-# o;', *0'(o-#

!o+%o-* )$) !(')'# o9o*' 1$'* +;' 1)$ ol)l' o(0*! !o+%o-*# !o+*0 /(o+

*-#)(y * )('' ('#*. Kl* -#) # *0'(o-# %()!-l)' ('l'#' *)o )$' ( -(*0


36/97

-(('#. T$' M!$0* D'%()+'*) o/ T(*#%o())o* -#' ('!y!l' !o*!(')' o* %(o5'!)

)$) #' >>,333 6U.S. D'%()+'*) o/ T(*#%o())o*, F''(l H0$1y

A+*#)()o* 2338.

Life Cycle Costs

W$'* -#*0 ('!y!l' !o*!(')', )$'(' 1ll b' *o *'' /o( (1 +)'(l ';)(!)o*, ';!'%)

/o( 1$'* %'(!'*)0' o/ )$' ('!y!l' %(o-!) !o+'# /(o+ (0* +)'(l# 6H((*0)o*

23348. T$'(' 1ll b' *o*', o( l))l', )(*#%o())o* o/ (1 +)'(l# /o( -#', 1$!$ #

l(0' '!o*o+! b'*'/) 6T-(*'(7F(b*" H0$1y R'#'(!$ C'*)'( 23348. Ho1''(,

//'('*) !o#)# *!-((' *!l-' )(*#%o()*0 00('0)' )o !o*!(')' ('!y!l*0 /!l)'#

'-%%' )o 0(* * ('%(o!'## )$' !o*!(')' *)o -#bl' 00('0)'. W$l' )$'(', )$' ol

!o*!(')' 1ll *'' )o b' !l'*' o/ -*1*)' +)'(l #-!$ # b(!"#, 1oo, #)''l,

!'(+!#, * 0l##. A/)'( )$#, )$' !o*!(')' # !(-#$' * 'l'!)(o+0*')# (' -#' )o

('+o' ('#-l +')l. T$'* ) !* b' #!(''*' * 1#$' /o( ('-#' # ('!y!l' !o*!(')'

00('0)' 6RCA8 6H((*0)o* 23348. E*'(0y # -#' )$(o-0$o-) )$# %(o!'##, %l-# 1)'(


37/97

P(o+o)o* Co-*!l o/ So-)$1'#) O$o (' '(y 0oo !o*)!)# /o( /-()$'( */o(+)o*

bo-) ll //'('*) )y%'# o/ !o*!(')' %(o5'!)#.

Status 8uo6 As+"alt and (ecycled As+"alt

A#%$l) # )$' +o#) -#' %*0 +)'(l * )$' U*)' S))'#. N*')y7/o-( %'(!'*) o/

(o# (' !o'(' 1)$ #%$l) )oy 6N)o*l A#%$l) P'+'*) A##o!)o* 2338.

A#%$l) !'+'*), )$' #)!"y %() o/ #%$l), # +' /(o+ %')(ol'-+ )$(o-0$ %(o!'## )$)

#'%()'# )(7l"' #-b#)*!' /(o+ !(-' %')(ol'-+. T$# # +;' 1)$ 00('0)'# l"'

0('l, #* * !(-#$' #)o*' 6E;;o* Mobl' Co(%o()o* 23348.

L"' !o*!(')', ('!y!l' #%$l) $# )$' #+' !o+%o#)o* # (0* #%$l) %'+'*), #o

bo)$ 1ll b' *!l-' * )$# #'!)o*. R'!y!l' #%$l) 1ll b' /o!-#' -%o* #%'!/!lly* )$' Sustainability and Environmental Impact#'!)o*. C-(('*)ly, ('!y!l' #%$l) # )$'

+o#) ('!y!l' +)'(l * )$' 1o(l 6H((*0)o* 2334J A#%$l) P'+'*) A##o!)o* o/

M!$0* 23348. I) # l#o '#ly !!'##bl' * )$' So-)$1'#) O$o ('0o*, 1$!$ 1ll b'


38/97

o'( **' *!$'# o/ Po()l* !'+'*) !o*!(')'8. Co+%(bl' 2334 !o#)# /o( !o*!(')'

%*0 * O$o, -#*0 * ODOT #!o-*) ()' o/ /' %'(!'*), (*0' /(o+ .>> 7 >2.@

%'( #-(' y( 6Vll!('# 2334, 2, >38. T$'#' ) #$o1 )$'(' # * obo-# *)l

#*0# 1$'* -#*0 #%$l) o'( !o*!(')'. T$' -'#)o* ('+*#, )$'*, 1$')$'( #%$l) #

# -(bl' * '*(o*+'*)lly /('*ly # !o*!(')'. E'*!' $# l('y b''* 0'* *

)$# ('%o() )$) -#'(# $' %('/'('*!' /o( #%$l) o'( !o*!(')' -' )o *!('#'

!o+/o().

Durability

A 1'll7'#0*' #%$l) %'+'*) !* l#) /o( '!'#. T$'(' (' #%$l) (o# b-l) o'(

4 y'(# 0o )$) $' *o) $ #)(-!)-(l /l-('# )o )$# y, l"' )$' #%$l) %o()o*# o/

I*)'(#))' 3 * W#$*0)o* S))', /o( ';+%l', 1$!$ $# #+l( 1')$'( )o O$o, b-)o/)'* +o(' (*. A#%$l) %'+'*)# (' *o1 ''+' %'(%')-l %'+'*) b'!-#' o*ly

#-(/!' ly'(# *'' )o b' ('%l!', 1$l' )$' o'(ll #)(-!)-('# ('+* #o-*. O'(ly# o/

*'1 #%$l) !* l#) >4723 y'(# 6A#%$l) E-!)o* P()*'(#$% 2334!8. Lo1'( +%!)


39/97

%'o%l' %-#$*0 bby #)(oll'(#, %('/'( 5o*)7/('' #-(/!' -%o* 1$!$ )o )('l 6P')'(#o*

23348. o*)# (' ('/'((*0 )o )$' 0%# b')1''* #lb# o/ !o*!(')', 1$!$ (' %() o/ )$'

!o*#)(-!)o* o/ )$' !o*!(')' #-(/!'.

A# +'*)o*' '(l'(, o-)oo( )(l #-(/!'# *'' )o b' /(+ * #)bl' 6A+'(!* T(l#

>8, 1)$ )(l# )$) (' 0(')'( )$* .4 +l'# *''*0 )o b' '(y /(+ * '(y

#)bl' 6N)o*l C'*)'( o* A!!'##bl)y 233>8 )o !o+%ly 1)$ ADA #)*(#. L"'

!o*!(')' )(l#, +-l)7-#' #%$l) )(l !* +'') ADA #)*(#. I* /!), )$' @37+l'

L))l' M+ S!'*! T(l, 1$!$ (-*# /(o+ Ml/o(, O$o *o()$ )o Lo*o*, O$o, #

%' 1)$ #%$l) * # '(y !!'##bl' )o $*!%%' *-l# 6O$o )o E(' T(l

23348.


S''*)y7)$('' +llo* )o*# o/ #%$l) (' ('+o' /(o+ (o# * ('!y!l' ''(y y'( *

)$' U*)' S))'#. T$# !!o-*)# /o( o'( @3 %'(!'*) o/ )$' #%$l) ('+o' '!$ y'(.


40/97

A*y )+' #%$l) # $')' -(*0 )$' +;*0 o( *#)ll)o* %(o!'##, !$'+!l# ('

('l'#' *)o )$' ( )$) !* b' $9(o-# )o $-+* $'l)$. T$'(' # * *$'('*) (#" )

)$' +;*0 * *#)ll)o* #)0'# 1)$ )$' -#' o/ ('!y!l' #%$l), # 1'll, #*!' ) #

('!y!l' * * #%$l) +;*0 %l*) 1$'(' $0$ )'+%'()-('# (' 0* -#' )o !(')'

('!y!l' $o) +; #%$l) )$) $# )o b' %%l' ) $0$ )'+%'()-('#. T$('' )o;! #ol'*)#,

b'*9'*', o;*' * )ol-'*', (' -#' * )$' #%$l)7!-))*0 %(o!'##, 1$!$ b(*0# )$'

#'+7#ol o( #ol #%$l) )o l- #))' #o )$) ) !* b' *#)ll' 1)$ '#'. All o/

)$'#' (' "*o1* )o b' ')(+'*)l )o $-+* * *+l $'l)$, !-#*0 !*!'( o/ )$' #"*

* (o-# o(0*# 6A+'(!* F''()o* o/ S))', Co-*)y * M-*!%l E+%loy''#.

>@8.

O*!' *#)ll', !!o(*0 )o ('#'(!$, #%$l) $# ('l)'ly *'() !$(!)'( * )$'

#-((o-**0 '*(o*+'*), *o) ';%o#*0 #ol# o( 1)'( )o !$'+!l# /(o+ )$' #%$l) +;6N)o*l A#%$l) P'+'*) A##o!)o* 233J W'##, Ol#'* * H(*0 S1''*y 2338.

A ('!'*) #)-y o/ )$' '//'!)# o/ (-*o// /(o+ #%$l) %'+'*)# #$o1' !o*!'*)()o*# o/

*0'(o-# $y(o!(bo*# )o b' b'lo1 ')'!)o* l+)#. R'#'(!$'(# * )$' #+' #)-y l#o


41/97

1$!$ -#'# '*'(0y * 1ll -*/o()-*)'ly '+) #o+' )o;*# 6Cl/o(* I*)'0()' W#)'

M*0'+'*) Bo( 2338.

Life Cycle Costs

A!!o(*0 )o #%$l) %(o%o*'*)#, )$' ('#o* )$' +5o()y o/ (o# * )$' U*)' S))'# ('

%' 1)$ #%$l) (' -' )o )$' lo1'( !o*#)(-!)o* !o#), ('-!' )+' o/ !o*#)(-!)o*,

'#' o/ +*)'**!', * b'*'/)# ('l)' )o +%(o' #+oo)$*'##, ('-!' %'+'*)

*o#', * bl)y )o ('##) '/o(+)o* * !ol'( !l+)'# * $0$'(

'l')o*# 6Colo(o A#%$l) P'+'*) A##o!)o* 23348. A* #%$l) %'+'*) %(o5'!)

!* !o#) # +-!$ # )$('' )+'# l'## )$* !o+%(bl' !o*!(')' %*0 %(o5'!) 6A#%$l)

E-!)o* P()*'(#$% 2334/8. U#*0 ('!y!l' #%$l), '#%'!lly / MCRP !* 1o(" 1)$

)$' C)y o/ C*!**) * lo!l %*0 !o+%*y )o ('-#' #%$l) /(o+ C*!**)#A#%$l) D#o* 61$!$ 1# o//'(' )o MCRP ) *o !o#)8, 1ll $o%'/-lly $'l% !-) *)l

!o#)# /o( )$' %(o5'!).


42/97

!* +o' %()# o/ )$' )(l 1y /(o+ l* )$) # ) $0$'( (#" o/ !oll%#'.


T$'(' (' +-l)%l' #%$l) %'+'*) !o+%*'# * So-)$1'#) O$o. Vll'y A#%$l)

Co(%o()o* ('!y!l'# #%$l) /o( ('-#' * %*0 %(o5'!)#. D' P))'(#o* o/ Vll'y

A#%$l) Co(%o()o* 1ll b' 0oo /-)-(' !o*)!) /o( /-)-(' */o(+)o* bo-) ('!y!l'

#%$l). T$' A##o!)o* o/ O$o R'!y!l'(# 1ll l#o b' 0oo !o*)!) )o '*)/y o)$'(

!o+%*'# !(')*0 ('!y!l' %*0.

(ubber As+"alt

R-bb'( #%$l) # 5-#) l"' ('0-l( #%$l), ';!'%) %o()o* o/ #%$l) # ('%l!' 1)$

!(-+b (-bb'(. Mo#) o/)'*, !(-+b (-bb'( # +' o/ ('!y!l' )('# )$) (' #)(%%' o/

+')l# * 0(o-* )o !o*##)'*!y #+l( )o !o//'', * )$'* ' )o )$' #%$l) +;.

A) )$' (0$) )'+%'()-('#, )$' (-bb'( +'l)# 1)$ )$' #%$l) * !(')'# 1o("bl'


43/97

S*!' >@@, ADOT '#)+)'# )$'y $' ('!y!l' >4 +llo*7%l-# )('# /o( -#' * $o) +;

(-bb'( #%$l) 6A(9o* D'%()+'*) o/ T(*#%o())o* 2334!8. T$# # '(y %o#)'

+o' )o1( #-#)*bl)y. Ho1''(, (-bb'( #%$l) # *o) 1'll7"*o1*, )(-#)'

+)'(l ''(y1$'('. D-(*0 ('#'(!$ /o( )$# %(o5'!), !o*'(#)o*# 1'(' $'l 1)$

)(*#%o())o* '*0*''(#, #%$l) %(o%o*'*)#, * )(l '#0*'(# * (o-# %()# o/ )$'

U*)' S))'# 1$o 1'(' #-(%(#' )o l'(* )$) (-bb'( #%$l) 1# -#' o* l(0' b## by

ADOT, # 1'll # by S!(+'*)o Co-*)y, Cl/o(* 6Koll*0 23348. T$'(' (' *o

!o+%*'# -#*0 #!(% )('# /o( $( #-(/!' )(l# o( (o# * O$o, # /( # ODNR #

1(', )$o-0$ ('!y!l' )('# (' !-(('*)ly ('-#' * )$'( !(-+b (-bb'( /o(+ /o(

%ly0(o-* !o'( * (-***0 )(!"# 6D-++)) 23348.

G'* )$) MCRP 1ll b' loo"*0 /o( /-**0 /o( )$' '*)(' Mll C(''" G(''*1y #y#)'+,) +y b' 1o()$1$l' )o !o*)!) )$' M("')*0 D''lo%+'*) Coo(*)o( /o( O$o

D'%()+'*) o/ N)-(l R'#o-(!'#. T$' R'!y!l*0 M("') D''lo%+'*) G(*), o(0*9'

)$(o-0$ ODNR, %(o'# /-**0 )o !)'#, !o-*)'# * #ol 1#)' +*0'+'*) #)(!)#


44/97

Initial Cost

R-bb'( #%$l) # +o(' ';%'*#' )o -#' )$* !o*'*)o*l o( ('!y!l' #%$l) b'!-#' o/

)$' #%'!l +; !(')'. D-' )o l!" o/ ';+%l'# lo!lly, !o#)# /o( )$' A+'(!* R'(

P("1y b"' )(l * Cl/o(* 1ll b' -#'. I* 233>, >>,.4 +l'# o/)(l !o*'()' /(o+ #%$l) )o *)-(l %)$ * >.44 +l'# o/ * ol 0('l ('

!o+%l')'ly !o*'()' )o (-bb'( #%$l) 6*o) 5-#) ('#-(/!'8, 1# >,,@3. Mo#) 1#

% /o( by F''(l T(*#%o())o* E*$*!'+'*) A!))'# 0(*) 6>,2J Koll*0 23348.


45/97

+o*)$#, * # #)ll ';)('+'ly -(bl'. M#. No'# *o)' )$) * 2334, /)'( '!'# o/

-#', %() o/ (o 1# /o-* )o $' #o+' 1)'( +0'. T$# 1# )$' /(#) *!'*)

('%o()' * A(9o* #*!' )$' #))' b'0* -#' o/ )$# %(o-!). G'* )$) (-bb'( #%$l)

1o-l b' -#' /o( )(l #-(/!' * O$o 1$'(' $-+)y # $0$, b-) 1$'(' +-!$ l'##

)$* o*' )o* o/ 1'0$) 1o-l ''( b' %%l' )o )$' )(l /o( l'*0)$y +o-*)# o/ )+',

)$'(' #$o-l b' *o !o*!'(*# 1)$ ')$'( /(''9')$1 %))'(*# o( +o#)-(' //'!)*0 $(

#-(/!' (-bb'( #%$l) )(l +o(' )$* *y o)$'( )y%' o/ $( #-(/!' )(l )$) # l

6No'# 23348.

A!!o(*0 )o ('#'(!$ o* (-bb'( #%$l) (o %(o5'!)# o*' )$(o-0$o-) )$' U*)' S))'#,

* !!o(*0 )o M#. No'#, )$' +o#) #-!!'##/-l *#)ll)o*# o/ (-bb'( #%$l) (' o*'

-#*0 )$' 1') +')$o. U#*0 (y %(o!'## $# ('%')'ly /l' 1$'* -#' by (o-#

%l!'# * No()$ A+'(!. T$' 1') +')$o, !!o(*0 )o ADOT, # -#' 1$'* +;*0!(-+b (-bb'( 1)$ #%$l) !'+'*) #o )$) ) %()lly +'l)#. T$# # b'))'( +')$o #*!'

) llo1# )$' +)'(l# )o +; )o0')$'( b'))'(, !(')*0 +o(' -(bl' #-(/!'. T$' (y

+')$o #)ll ('%l!'# 00('0)' 1)$ (-bb'(, * ) # %()lly +'l)'. Ho1''(, ) # *o)


46/97

'l')o*#, # 1'll, 1)$ 5-#) # +-!$ #-!!'## 6No'# 23348.

R'#'(!$ o*' *)o )$' -(bl)y o/ (-bb'( #%$l) *!)'# )$) * +*y ('# ) !*

o-)%'(/o(+ )()o*l #%$l). D-' )o (-bb'( #%$l)# $0$'( b*'( !o*)'*), ('#'(!$

$# #$o1* ) )o $' b'))'( ('##)*!' )o #-(/!' *))' !(!"*0. H0$'( b*'(

!o*)'*) * b*'( 'l#)!)y $'l%# ) ('##) /)0-' * ('/l'!)o* !(!"*0. I) !* l#o

$' $0$'( ('##)*!' )o lo1 )'+%'()-(' !(!"*0 61$!$ # +%o()*) * ('# l"'

O$o 1$'(' )'+%'()-('# !* 0(')ly /l-!)-)' /(o+ #'#o*7)o7#'#o*8, $0$'( ('##)*!')o (-))*0 * $0$'( l/')+' -(bl)y o'(ll 6S)-)9 ') l 233, 8. I) # +%o()*) )o

('+'+b'(, )$o-0$, )$) )$' !o+%*y !$o#'* )o !(')' * *#)ll )$' (-bb'( #%$l) #

+%o()*). W)$ *y %(o5'!), %!"*0 !o+%*y 1)$ 0oo )(!" ('!o( o/ !o*##)'*!y

* )$'( %*0 %(o5'!)# # 0o*0 )o b' b'*'/!l * )$' lo*0 (-*, ''* / ) # b) +o('

!o#)ly.

Aesthetics


47/97

''* +o(' )$* )()o*l #%$l) -' )o )$' *!('#' /l';bl)y )$) )$' #-(/!'

%(o'#. R-***0 )(!"# (' o/)'* +' 1)$ ('!y!l' !(-+b (-bb'(, )$o-0$ -#*0 o*ly

!(-+b (-bb'( 1ll *o) $ol -% 1'll o* +-l)7-#' )(l. H*0 !o+b*' #%$l)7

(-bb'( #-(/!' 1ll b' '(y %l'#*0 )o )$o#' 1o((' bo-) *5-(y -' )o +%!) -(*0

';'(!#'. A!!o(*0 )o A+'(!* R'( P("1y b"' )(l -#'(#, )$' (-bb'( #%$l)

%(o'# b'))'( 0(% /o( b"' )('#, '#%'!lly * (*y 1')$'(. R-bb'( #%$l) *o) o*ly

!(')'# +o(' )(!)o*, b-) ) # l#o +o(' %o(o-#. T$# llo1# #o+' 1)'( )o /l)()'

)$(o-0$ )$' #-(/!', 1$!$ '!('#'# )$' *-+b'( o/ %-l'# o* )$' )(l, +"*0 ) +o('%l'#*0 /o( -#'(# 6Koll*0 2334J S)-)9 ') l 233, 2 1)$ %(o+#*0 ('#-l)#. L'!$*0 * )o;!)y ';%'(+'*)# (' !(('


48/97

)('# * (o1y !o*#)(-!)o* -' )o )$'#' (#"#, * )$) !o*#)(-!)o* o/ (o1y# #$o-l

'#%'!lly l+) */l)()o* o/ 1)'( )$(o-0$ #!(% )('#.

T1o #!('%*!'# #''+ )o (#' * )$# ('#'(!$. F(#), ) 1# /o-* )$) * ll !#'#,

#%$l) #+%l'# l'!$' #+l( o( $0$'( l''l# )$* #!(% )('#. T$'('/o(',

('!o++'**0 l+)' -#' o/ #!(% )('# * (o1y %(o5'!)#, b-) *o) #!-##*0 )$'

l+))o* o/ #%$l) # o/ !o*!'(*. S'!o*ly, ('#'(!$'(# (''1*0 )$'#' ';%'(+'*)#

#))' )$) /-()$'( ##'##+'*)# #$o-l b' o*' )o !o*!l-' / )$' ';)('+' !o*)o*# )$)#%$l) * #!(% )('# 1'(' #-b5'!)' )o 1'(' ''* %o##bl' * ('l 1o(l

'*(o*+'*). 6L- ') l >@, 48. O* )$' Mll C(''" G(''*1y T(l )$'(' 1ll b' +-!$

l'## %(obbl)y o/ !$'+!l #%ll )$* o* $0$1y.

Life Cycle Costs

F(o+ )$' #-#)*bl)y #)*%o*), -)l9*0 ('!y!l' )('# * (-bb'( #%$l) %(o'# *

'//'!)' 1y )o ('(o-)' #!(%# /(o+ l*/ll#. A# +'*)o*' '(l'(, >


49/97

Lb'()y T(' S'(!'# o/ O$o * G(o' C)y, O$o 6*'( Col-+b-#8 # 1'll7"*o1*

!o+%*y )$) b-y# #!(% )('#, !(-+b# )$' #!(%#, * ('#'ll# )o !o+%*'# +"*0 *'1

)('# * o)$'( *'1 %(o-!)# /(o+ ('!y!l' (-bb'(. Ho1''(, *o*' o/ Lb'()y# !l'*)#,

!!o(*0 )o T+ L*'(#, 0'*'(l +*0'( /o( Lb'()y T(' S'(!'#, (' !(')*0 %*0

+)'(l#. H' $ *o "*o1l'0' o/ %*0 !o+%*'# !(')*0 (-bb'( #%$l), )$o-0$ $'

b'l'' 0oo /-)-(' !o*)!) +0$) b' Vll'y A#%$l) * C*!**), 1$!$ # !(')*0

*'1 #%$l) /(o+ ('!y!l' #%$l) 6A%%'*; I8. Vll'y A#%$l), $o1''(, # *o) !(')*0

%o(o-# o( (-bb'( #%$l) ) )$# )+' 6P))'(#o* 23348. L*'(# $# #)' o*' o/ADOT# (-bb'( #%$l) %l*)#, "*o1# )$) %()# o/ C* (' -#*0 (-bb'( #%$l) #

1'll, b-) #))' )$) '!o*o+!lly ) # *o) bl' o%)o* $'(' * O$o y') 6L*'(#

23348. L"' 1)$ *y *'1 %(o-!), )$'(' *''# )o b' ('0o*l '+* !(')' /o( (-bb'(

#%$l) )o b'!o+' bl' 6Koll*0 23348. Fo( l#)*0 o/ #o+' lo!l * #))' #!(% )('

#'(!'#, #'' S!(% T(' S'(!'# * A%%'*; I.

orous As+"alt and Concrete


50/97

#)('+. B'!-#' )$' C)y o/ C*!**) #)ll $# )# o(0*l !o+b*' #)o(+1)'( (-*o//

* #'1'( #y#)'+ b-l) * )$' >@33#, -(*0 $'y (*#, 1)'( /lo1# /(o+ %' ('#

lo*0 )$' Mll C(''" *)o #)o(+1)'( (*#. T$'#' (*# /lo1 *)o #'1'( %%'#, *

1$'* )$' %%'# (' o'(/' )$' ';!'## 1)'( #%ll# *)o )$' Mll C(''" )$(o-0$ !o+b*'

#'1'( o'(/lo1 6CSO8 !%# )$) o%'* *)o )$' 1)'(1y. T$# !o+b*)o* o/ 1)'( *

(1 #'10' ''*)-lly +"'# )# 1y )o )$' O$o R'( 6M')(o%ol)* S'1'( D#)(!) o/

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#%$l) * %o(o-# !o*!(')' )o b' -#' # #)o(+1)'( +*0'+'*) )ool. T$' %("*0 lo)

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%o(o-# #%$l) * !o*!(')' %(o5'!) # *o1 %() o/ l(0'( %(", !ll' P-bl! S'(!'

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K'*)-!"y 233


52/97

('-('+'*)#. Bo)$ %'+'*)# 1ll %(o' '#y )('l * #+oo)$ (' l"' )()o*l

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%o(o-# o%)o* o'( )$' o)$'(. F(o+ #/')y #)*%o*), llo1*0 1)'( )o /l)()' )$(o-0$

$( #-(/!' 1ll "''% %-l'# /(o+ /o(+*0, +"*0 )$' +-l)7-#' )(l *o) o*ly +o('

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T$'(' (' )y%!lly ly'(# o/ 0(' #)o*' b'lo1 )$' $( %o(o-# #%$l) o( !o*!(')'

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b'lo1, 1ll b' l(0'( 0('l. T$# ly'( llo1# /o( (-*o// ')'*)o* 1$l' 1)'(# /l)'(


53/97


T$' b'#) !o*)!)# /o( /-)-(' #)' %l***0 /o( %o(o-# #%$l) o( !o*!(')' (' #))'

##o!)o*# '!)' )o !o*!(')' o( #%$l). T$'y !* %o*) MCRP * )$' ('!)o* o/

1'll7"*o1* lo!l o( ('0o*l !o+%*'# )$) 1ll %(o' #-!!'##/-l /*l %(o-!). A#

+'*)o*' '(l'(, O$o R'y M;' Co*!(')' A##o!)o*, 1ll %(o' #%'!/!

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%*0 * O$o.

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Po(o-# A#%$l)


54/97

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55/97

!l+)'#, l"' O$o 6O$o D'%()+'*) o/ N)-(l R'#o-(!'# 23348. Co+%*'# )$) #'ll

(-bb'( +-l!$ * O$o *!l-' M-l!$7No7Mo(', N'1 A0' M-l!$ * G(o-*#!%'

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M-l!$ Co+%*'# * A%%'*; I.

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%("# '%()+'*)#, * *'' 0(o1# * %l!'# lo*0 )$' Mll C(''" 1$'(' )$' 0(''*1y

)(l 1ll b' !o*#)(-!)'. I) #, $o1''(, *0'(o-# )o -#' *#' #$(-b# * +-l!$

b'!-#' *y %o##bl)y )$) #''# o( ($9o+'# !* b' #%(' /(o+ )$' %l*) )o o)$'( ('#

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/(o+ )('' o( l-+b'( #o-(!'# 6# lo*0 # )$' l-+b'( # "*o1* )o *o) $' b''* )(')' 1)$

CCA8. T$' lo0# /(o+ #)('') )(''# #)o(' ) S*)o* Ro #l0' y( +y b' 0oo


56/97

-(bl)y #*!' '(ly o//'(*0# '*)'(' )$' +("') * )$' >@3# 6Pl)), L'*) * Wl#$

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* ('!y!l' * 233. T$' +("') /o( ('!y!l' %l#)! # *!('#*0 ) ()' o/ %'(!'*)

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l-+b'( # +' /(o+ +-l)%l' ('!y!l' %l#)!# *!l-*0 +l" 5-0#, b-bbl' 1(%, %l#)!

1(%, ')'(0'*) * 1)'( bo))l'#. I* /!), lo!l %(o-!'( o/ %l#)! l-+b'(, O*S%'!

Co+%o#)'#, -#'# lo!lly ('!y!l' bo))l'# /o( )$'( %l#)! l-+b'( !o+%o#)', 1$!$ # l#o

+' 1)$ ('!y!l' 1oo /b'(# 6My'( 23348.

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/'*!*0, */o(+)o*l #0*0', )(#$ * ('!y!l*0 ('!'%)!l'# * %ly0(o-*

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S*))o* D#)(!) * Col'(* To1*#$% $# %-(!$#' %l#)! l-+b'( #0*0' /(o+

T$' Pl#)! L-+b'( Co+%*y, lo!)' * A"(o*, O$o. R'!y!l' %l#)! l-+b'( # -#'

('#'*)lly /o( '!"*0 +)'(l # * l)'(*)' )o )()o*l 1oo '!"*0 l-+b'(.


57/97

!o+%*'# /(o+ 1$!$ )o b-y %l#)! l-+b'( %(o-!)# 6Pl)), L'*) * Wl#$ 23348.

Initial Cost

Pl#)! l-+b'( %(o-!)#, l"' %(" b'*!$'# /o( ';+%l', (' +o(' ';%'*#' )$*

)()o*l 1oo %(o-!)#. Ho1''(, / %-(!$#' /(o+ 1'll7"*o1* !o+%*y 1)$

0oo )(!" ('!o(, RPL %(o-!)# 1ll l#) lo*0'( )$* 1oo %(o-!)#. Lo*07)'(+

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%l#)! %(o-!)# (' +o(' ';%'*#' )$* +*y 1oo %(o-!)#, !o#)# /o( %l#)! l-+b'(

* $0$'( -l)y 1oo#, l"' (' !'( * ('1oo, (' -)' !o+%(bl'. T$'('/o(',

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R'#'(!$ *)o +-l)%l' RPL !o+%*'# /o-* )$) lo!l * M1'#) ('0o*l !o#)# /o(

RPL !* (*0' /(o+ >.< %'( l*'( /oo) )o . %'( l*'( /oo). T$# (')y * %(!'

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58/97

RPL ('-('# *o +*)'**!', 1$!$ +"'# ) '(y %%'l*0 %(o-!) /o( %'o%l' *

o(0*9)o*# loo"*0 )o !-) +*)'**!' !o#)# 6K(#$*#1+y * F(*!* 2333, >8.

Ho1''(, )$'(' # ''*!' )$) #o+' +*)'**!' +y b' *''', '%'**0 o* )$'%l#)! l-+b'( %(o-!).

So+' %(o-!)# l"' b'*!$'#, )$o-0$ )$# # o!!-((*0 l'## # %l#)! l-+b'( )'!$*olo0y

+%(o'#, (' %(o*' )o #00*0 o'( )+' 1)$ -#', 1$!$ # o/)'* '*$*!' * %(o-!)#

)$) (' ';%o#' )o $o) #-* * )$' #-++'( 6B')9 23348. E'* 1)$ !-(('*) )'!$*olo0'#$'l%*0 )o +%(o' RPL, %(o-!)# (' #)ll l'## #)// )$* 1oo *, )$'('/o(', 1ll b'*

o'( )+' -*'( !'()* +o-*)# o/ 1'0$). Cl/o(*# I*)'0()' W#)' M*0'+'*)

Bo( 6CIWMB8 $# ##'##' //'('*) %l#)! l-+b'( !o+%o#)'# )o ('## *)0'#

* #*)0'#, 1$!$ )'* )o !'*)'( (o-* -(bl)y.Hi!h Density &olyethylene

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l-+b'( # EPS Pl#)! L-+b'( * Ill*o#. T$o-0$ HDPE %l#)! l-+b'( # 1'll #-)' /o(


59/97

0l## /b'(# 6/b'(0l##8. T$' /*l %(o-!) # #)//'( )$* o)$'( )y%'# o/ RPL, b-) !-#'# )

)o b' l'## '*(o*+'*)lly7/('*ly * +y (())' #"* -' )o )$' /b'(0l## !o*)'*)

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60/97

-)$o(# *o)', o//'(# %(o+#*0 ('#-l)# !o*!'(**0 RPL 6Ly*!$ ') l., 233>, >78.

A*o)$'( !o*#'()o* # )$' %o##bl)y o/ RPL b-(**0 '#ly, )$o-0$ )$# # obo-#ly !o*#'()o* 1)$ )()o*l 1oo %(" /-(*#$*0# # 1'll. Pl#)! l-+b'( # #'l/7

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2334J Pl#)! L-+b'( Y( 23348.


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!o+%o#)' %(o-!) 6Pl)), L'*) * Wl#$ 2334, 27, 78. T$'('/o(', b'*0 !'()* o/

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%'(!'*) o( +o(' %o#)7!o*#-+'( ('!y!l' %l#)! * )$'( %(o-!)# * (' +o(' ('ly

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T$' %(!' o/ (0* %l#)! $# b''* *!('#*0 #*!' H-((!*' K)(* 1'*) )$(o-0$ )$'

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0-' )o l'(* bo-) //'('*) !o+%*'# %(o-!)# )$) $' b''* ()' # +o#) o( l'#)

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1)$ '*o-0$ #-%%o() /(o+ b-#*'##'#, o(0*9)o*# * !o++-*)y +'+b'(#, )o +"'

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64/97

%l#)! !o*)'*) )o MCRP /o( %(" /-(*#$*0 %(o5'!)#, b-) )$'y o *o) !(')' %("

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(eferences

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A+'(!* Co*!(')' P'+'*) A##o!)o*. 2334!. $))%:111.%'+'*).!o+. A!!'##'A-0-#) 2, 2334.

A+'(!* Co*!(')' P'+'*) A##o!)o*. 2334. Co*!(')' P'+'*) F-*+'*)l#.

$))%:111.%'+'*).!o+PT'!$T'!$F-*+'*)l#+*.$)+l. A!!'##'-ly >2, 2334.

A+'(!* Co*!(')' P'+'*) A##o!)o*. 2334'. W$y # Co*!(')' S-!$ G(')P'+'*) C$o!'? $))%:111.%'+'*).!o+%)'!$b)!o*!1$y!o*!(')' .
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87/97

.S. $reen Building Council7 $))%#:111.-#0b!.o(0

?o"n Telintelo USGBC ('%('#'*))'

55)'l*)'loZ$(l'y'll#.!o+

Valley As+"alt Cor+oration

'ave atterson/ !o*)!)>>> Mo#)'ll'( R >C*!**), O$o 42>64>8 Glb'() A'*-'C*!**), O$o 423

4>72@>72>, E;). 23111.1o("('#o-(!'!'*)'(.o(0

A++endix II
https://www.usgbc.org/mailto:[email protected]://www.usgbc.org/mailto:[email protected]


88/97

++

Salvage Fards/ Businesses and #aterial Interc"anges@ and Exc"anges in t"e

Cincinnati (egion

[I)'+# l#)' 1'(' o!-+'*)' #-++'( 2334

City Salvage Fards

City Salvage Fard at &illiam . 'ooley Blvd. and *udlo% Ave.

Bl-' * y'llo1 b(('l#

B(!"#

C'+'*) bl!"#

#ill Creek Salvage Fard65-#) *o()$ o/ Mll C(''" R B(0'8

A#%$l) 6%'( D* H'*#o*, %-bl! #'(!'# A#%$l) D#o*, )$# 0(o-* -%#%$l), 1$!$ !+' /(o+ %("*0 lo)#(o#, !* b' /('' )o -#. M(. H'*#o* l#o) ) )$ ) $ l b ll ) // ) "l / 8


89/97

Sinton (d Salvage Fard/ Cincinnati ark Board

T('' G()'#: ;, ;@, , , ;, 4;4

T(#$ ('!'%)!l' '!o()' $ol'(# 6bl!" (o*8

T(#$ ('!'%)!l'# +' +o#)ly o/ %l#)! l-+b'( bo(#

V!)o(*7#)yl' (o* b'*!$ /(+'# @ )o)l

S-(' 2;2 o( ; !'+'*) blo!"#, \ )$!"

S-(' blo!"# /(o+ () *#)ll)o* !-b!l, \>.4;>.4;>.4

Pl#)! l-+b'( 6%%'(# )o b' -#' * -*-#'8

P'(#

State Avenue Salvage 6P(!' Hll8

Doo(#, #*"#, !'+'*) blo!"#, )-b#, 1*o1#, 0l## * 1*o1#


90/97

R'-#bl' Woo 6#-#)*bl'? No) )(')'?8

O)$'( +)'(l# +y o( +y *o) b' -#bl' '%'**0 -%o* 1$) )$' *'#)0)o*

#$o1#

,reecycle6y$oo 0(o-% )$) o(0*9'# %'o%l' lo!lly )o $oo" -% / )$'y *''$'+)'(l#8

MCRP 1ll *'' )o ('-'#) +'+b'(#$% )o 5o* )$# 0(o-%. Fo( )$' /(''!y!l'0(o-% 1)$* )$' C*!**) !)y l+)#, 0o )o:

o $))%:0(o-%#.y$oo.!o+0(o-%C*!**)=F(''!y!l'

APPENDIX III
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Cincinnati_Freecycle/http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Cincinnati_Freecycle/


91/97

Multi-Use Trail Material Options for the Mill Creek Greenway Trail P!"

Ite# Use for

Ite#

Initial

Cost

Dura$ility %afety & 'ealth %ustaina$ility &

En(iron#ental I#pa)t

A(aila$ility*lo)al+ re,ional+state+ national

Concrete &

Recycled

Concrete

Multi-usetrail, sittingareas,walkways

High, butextremelydurable

Can last 50+ yearsRepairs require moingentire se!tion, not "ustpat!hwork like withasphalt

#a$e $or use%ess pre$erable to asphalt$or runners be!ause harderimpa!t on body&rooes in !on!retewalkways !an be dangerousto trail users, like rollerbladers and skateboarders

Re!y!led !on!rete moreenironmentally-$riendly'oxins released during!reation(o ma"or lea!hing intowaters on!e installedRuno$$ $rom !on!retesur$a!e into streams wouldo!!ur with rains, in!reasing

water load in Mill Creek

Moraine MaterialsCompany, sand )grael diision hastraditional andre!y!led !on!rete*hio Ready MixedCon!rete sso!iatio

Asphalt and

Recycled

Asphalt

Multi-usetrail, sittingareas,walkways

High, butextremelydurable

Can last 5+ yearsquite possibly as long as!on!rete, depending on!limate and daily loads.

#a$e $or useRe!y!led asphalt mostlikely more pre$erable than!on!rete $or runners

Re!y!led asphalt moreenironmentally-$riendly'oxins released during!reation(o ma"or lea!hing intowaters on!e installedRuno$$ $rom asphalt sur$a!einto streams would o!!urwith rains, in!reasing waterload in Mill Creek

/lexible aemento$ *hio best sour!e$or !ompanies1alley sphalt,uses re!y!led asphain pro"e!ts

Porous

Asphalt andConcrete

Multi-use

trail, sittingareas,walkways

Can be

higher thantraditionalpaements,but erydurable

Relatiely new

materials, so no large-s!ale, long-term pro"e!ts2xpe!ted to beextremely durable,!omparable to traditionalpaing materials

#a$e $or use, like

traditional paements%ike with traditionalpaements, porous asphaltmore pre$erable to runners

2xtremely watershed

$riendly3 waters $ilter throughpaement to groundwaterbelow

*hio Ready Mixed

Con!rete sso!iatio/lexible aemento$ *hio asphalt.

Multi-Use Trail Material Options for the Mill Creek Greenway Trail P!.


92/97

Multi Use Trail Material Options for the Mill Creek Greenway Trail P!.

Ite# Use for Ite# Initial Cost Dura$ility %afety & 'ealth %ustaina$ility &

En(iron#ental

I#pa)t

A(aila$ility*lo)al+ re,ional+

state+ national

Rubber

Asphalt

Multi-use trail,sitting areas,walkways

High, butextremelydurableCity o$#a!ramento!ompleted 674-mile multi-usere!y!led rubberasphalt trail at!ost o$ nearly8795 million

2xtremely durable inhot and !old !limatesCan last de!ades without ma"or stru!tural$ailuresMay outper$ormtraditional paementsdue to higher binder!ontent

#a$e $or useMost likely will bepre$erred more byrunners than traditionalasphalt : tra!ks aremade o$ !rumb rubber,so rubber;asphalt!ombo een morepre$erable thantraditional asphalt oer!on!rete


93/97

/eusa$le an0 /e)y)le0 Ite#s Assesse0 for Possi$le Use in theMill Creek Greenway Trail P!1

Ite# Use for Ite# Initial Cost Dura$ility %afety &

'ealth

%ustaina$ility &

En(iron#entalI#pa)t

A(aila$ility

*lo)al+ re,ional+state+ national

Reusable

Lumber

?en!hes, tables,trash;re!y!lingre!epta!les,bollards, railings,lands!apingtimbers, signageposts

%ow whenpur!hasing $rom?uilding 1alue/ree!y!le, City )priate salage yards,!onstru!tion sitesmay be een less!ostly or no !ost

%ess durable thanplasti! lumber, !astiron, et!2asily andali@ed#tronger populartypes ipe;teak. ery!ostly and hard to $ind$or reuseCan warp and rot

easily oer time in wetenironments

rone tosplintering#harp edges !an!ause in"uryroper sanding o$sharp edgesimportantRisk o$ re-usingCC-treated wood9

(ot banned untilA009 Can stilllea!h into soils,water a$ter manyyears9

Helps !urb irgin woodlogging, espe!ially risk o$old-growth loggingB$ pur!hase new, shoulduse !ompanies /orest#tewardship Coun!ila!!redits $or sustainablelogging>sing /ree!y!le, ?uilding

1alue or salage yards, willensure lo!al;regionalsustainability2nironmentally-$riendlysealants aailable&reenseal9org.

ailable inmultiple pla!es?uilding 1alue,salage yards,!onstru!tionsites, possibly/ree!y!le

Reusable

Cast Iron

'ree grates,ben!hes, railings,tables

%ow, initially, i$using /ree!y!le, City) priate salageyardsCan be !ostly toremoe rust and

repaint;reseal :around 8=0 lo!allyper A95D E 5D treegrate

1ery durable, erylong-lastingCan re$inish oer andoer, not e$$e!tingdurability%ess likely to be

permanently damagedby andals1ery heay, soharder to steal

2dges !an besharp andha@ardous'o redu!e ha@ard,spe!ial weldingte!hniques need to

be used whenwelding !ast iron to!ast iron#ee pp97-7F $orCRC !on!erns withusing M> tree

t $ i hi

Re$inishing takessandblasting moreenironmentally-$riendly. or!hemi!al stripping less$riendly.9 Me!hani!al/inishing, Bn!9 is

enironmentally responsiblelo!al !ompany9

C?, at writingo$ paper, hadplethora o$ oldtree grates, aswell as ben!hes,in #inton Road

salage Gard

/eusa$le an0 /e)y)le0 Ite#s Assesse0 for Possi$le Use in theMill Creek Greenway Trail P!2


94/97

y U C G y

Ite# Use for Ite# Initial Cost Dura$ility %afety &

'ealth

%ustaina$ility &

En(iron#entalI#pa)t

A(aila$ility

*lo)al+ re,ional+state+ national

Granite

Slabs

?en!hes, spe!ialengraed signage,lands!aping

(one : i$permission grantedby City o$ Cin!innati$or use

2xtremely durable%ess likely to bepermanently damagedby andals1ery heay, soharder to steal

B$ rough edgeseliminated, lowrisk to in"ury

%o!ally aailable


95/97

Ite# Use for

Ite#

Initial Cost Dura$ility %afety & 'ealth %ustaina$ility &

En(iron#ental

I#pa)t


state+ national

Plastic

Barrels

'rash andre!y!lingre!epta!les

(one - i$ permissiongranted by City o$Cin!innati $or use

lasti! is quitedurable, but less than!on!rete or heaymetal trash;re!y!lingre!epta!les whi!hare more andal-proo$.

(o apparent sa$etyor health issues

lasti!, whi!h does notdegrade easily, is a great!hoi!e $or reuse, dierting$rom land$ills(o lea!hing intoenironment

City o$ Cin!innatisalage site atilliam 9


96/97

Ite# Use for Ite# Initial Cost Dura$ility %afety & 'ealth %ustaina$ility &

En(iron#ental I#pa)t


state+ national

Sot Trail!aterials"

Invasive

Shrubbery

!ulch

lay areas,walkways, sittingareas,signage areas

Minimal, i$MCRolunteers dowork o$extra!ting andmul!hing shrubsMul!hingma!hine will beneeded

%ess durable thanrubber mul!hill need to bereapplied as mul!hrots and deteriorates

1ery sa$e option,natural#plintering $rommul!h pie!es may beun!om$ortable inplay areas

1ery good example o$sustainable use o$ naturalmaterialsRisk o$ berries seeds. beingtransported with mul!h,whi!h !ould !ause newshrubs to grow in unwantedpla!es(eed to mul!h duringplantDs o$$-season to redu!erisk o$ spreading plantthrough seed

Bnasiehoneysu!kle iseerywhere in theCin!innati RegionMul!her !ould beborrowed $rom Cityo$ Cin!innatidepartment, orothers

RumberT!

#rubber

lumber$

?en!hes, tables,trash;re!y!lingre!epta!les,bollards, railings,lands!apingtimbers, signageposts

More !ostlythan wood, butextremelydurable

Has stood up to oerone year o$ shrapneland grenade abuse onmilitary testing sitesRot and !ra!k-resistant, as opposedto wood

#aid to be more!om$ortable thantraditional lumber,whi!h !an bebene$i!ial i$ used inseating(o aderse health orsa$ety

1ery enironmentally sa$eMade o$ 700 per!entre!y!led tires and plasti!s

ppears to be!reated by only one!ompany right now,but sold by ariousdistributorsCompany isRumber Materials,Bn!

Plastic

Lumber

#PL$

?en!hes, tables,trash;re!y!lingre!epta!les,bollards, railings,

lands!apingtimbers, signageposts

More expensiethan traditionalwood produ!ts,but high-quality

% will lastlonger

2xtremely durableeathers better thanwood#ometimes

strengthens oer timewith temp9$lu!tuations

1ery sa$e oerall(o splinteringResistant toandalism !an

remoe gra$$iti moreeasily than on wood.

'here is non-re!y!led %Bmportant to know howmu!h re!y!led !ontentprodu!ts hae higher !ontent

doesnDt mean less quality.Re!y!led % eryenironmentally-$riendly

*n#pe!Composites is lo!al!ompany makingre!y!led % $rom

lo!al re!y!ledbottles.#ee ppendix B$or !ompanylistings

SIGN LEAF FINIALSCALE 1" = 1'- 0"

TREE GRATE BENCHSCALE 3/8" = 1'- 0"


INLET BENCHSCALE 3/8" = 1'- 0"

53 6 7


97/97

GENERAL NOTES:

1. SALVAGED TREE GRATE MATERIAL AVAILABLE FROM CITY OF

CINCINNATI BOARD OF PARK COMMISSIONERS.

2. CONTRACTOR TO PICK UP MATERIALS AT DESIGNATED LOCATION OF

GRATES AND PROVIDE MODIFICATIONS, FABRICATION AND INSTALLATION

AS NOTED.

3. GRIND SMOOTH ANY EXPOSED ROUGH EDGES

4. SALVAGED STORMWATER GUTTER AVAILABLE FROM CITY

CONTRACTORS, TO BE NOTED.

MILL CREEK GREENWAY

CINCINNATI, OH

S.E.P. #1, #2, #4

75% CD SET

DRAFT SUBMITTAL NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION

4'X2' INTERPRETIVE SIGNSCALE 3/8" = 1'- 0"

MOUNTING TRASH RECEPTACLESCALE 1" = 1'- 0"

SIGNAGE MOUNTING BRACKETSCALE 1" = 1'- 0"

8'X4' TRAILHEAD SIGNSCALE 3/8" = 1'- 0"


PIER DETAILSCALE 1" = 1'- 0"



TRASH RECEPTACLE LIDSCALE 3/8" = 1'- 0"

TRASH RECEPTACLESCALE 3/8" = 1'- 0"

TRASH RECEPTACLESCALE 3/8" = 1'- 0"

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