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HiDef BIM & Functional IPDEOR Supplied Shop DrawingsGregory P Luth GREG, GPLA, April 25, 2012
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The Associated General Contractors of America (AGC) is a
Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects
Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of
this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members.
Certificates of Completion are available on request.
This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing
professional education. As such it does not include content that
may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement
by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or
manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material
or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, andservices will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
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Copyright
This presentation and the materials provided are protected by U.S. and International
copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation or materials
without written permission is prohibited.
AGC of America, 2012
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Course Description
In the world of design and construction the technological revolution started with the advent
of computer analysis in the 70s and accelerated through the use of CAD in the 80s and90s. BIM, Integrated Project Delivery, and DesignBuild are driving changes, that, if
implemented effectively, offer the promise of reductions of up to 25% in cost and schedule
relative to a project delivered by the conventional design-bid-build process.
In structural engineering, the use of design models with construction level detail, HiDef
BIM, and Functional Integrated Project Delivery to implement performance based
engineering enables unprecedented reliability, coordination, and true lean construction
based on actual labor, means, methods, and sequences.
This technology is disruptive at its core and will require fundamental changes in the delivery
process and scopes of services on the design side well beyond contractual arrangements.
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Learning ObjectivesAt the end of this presentation, attendees will be able to:
Attendees will be able to identify achievable levels of detail (LOD) in
design models.
Attendees will be able to summarize the Integration prerequisites for
incorporating construction level detail in a design model.
Attendees will be able to identify the work flow for a verticallyintegrated design-construction process.
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Albert Einstein,German born American Physicist
1879-1955
Insanity is doing the same
thing over and over again
and expecting differentresults
Luth Corollaries
Corollary 1: If you want the same
results, do the same thing.Corollary 2: If you want something
better, do something different
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Where We Are Headed
Design/Construction Industry
HiDef BIM
Functional IPD
Virtual Design and Construction (VDC)utilize HiDef BIM to
visualize, analyze, coordinate, and evaluate different design andconstruction alternatives
Structural Engineering
Performance-Based Design (PBD) of all building systems
Performance Based Earthquake Engineering beyond life safety toeliminate sacrificial structures and control losses
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BIM: Building Information Model
BIM Graphical
Representation
Graphics
Renderings
Approximate/
Design Intent
Concept to Design
Clash-detection
HiDef BIM Database of
Information
Knowledge
Heuristics Shop Drawing
Level Detail
Concept to
Facilities
Clash avoidance
Virtual Design &
Construction------ GIGO Effect ------
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HiDef BIM
High Definition BIM (HiDef BIM) incorporates shop drawing leveldetail into the design model (AIA LOD = 5)
There is only one BIM model, and it is used for all life cycle
processes. During one short interval in the life cycledesign-
constructionthe model is used to produce shop drawings andsupport design, fabrication, construction, and maintenance
processes.
This requires explicit consideration of and provision for, means,
methods, and sequences during the design phase.
This is possible today in structural engineering
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HiDef BIM
This is a disruptive technology
The design/construction processes must change to get
maximum benefit from the technology.
Scope shifts from construction to design
Construction knowledge must be deployed to support
designwe pull the knowledge forward in the process
In a complementary fashion, knowledge of designprocesses can inform construction facilitating the
identification of the optimum vertically integrated solution
Copyright Gregory P. Luth & Associates
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To date we have used HiDef BIM to:
Model concrete, rebar, structural steel, wood, light gage
Produce shop drawings for steel, light gage, rebar
Coordinate construction sequences
Facilitate the design & construction of innovative high performance
structures
Perform in model shop drawing review and work on the same
model as the steel detailer with model remotely located in the cloud
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Functional IPD
f IPD: Incorporating detailed construction knowledge and
planning into the design
Means, methods, and
sequencing Enabling details
Prefabrication
Precision
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Conventional BIM Practice
Contract documents reflect a
concept design that is basedon no particular construction
sequence or means and
methods,
IPD with HiDef BIM
The SEOR produces a complete
design predicated on the mostefficient construction sequence
with structure topography and
details tailored to optimize
construction efficiency, economy,
and quality, complete with
construction aids and/or
temporary structures included.
Knowing the details of both the
design and constructionfacilitates true lean construction
getting exactly the right
resources in exactly the right
place at exactly the right time.
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Panelized Light Gage Roof
Decreases Schedule
Less Off Ground Work
Acoustical Details Included
Plywood, LG Studs 12 OC, Insulation, 2
Layers of ceiling Gyp Board
Savings:
roof finished in 3 days
3 weeks exterior
3 weeks interior
eliminated scaffolding
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50 ft x 10 ft Panel - 4 tons - 15 min
Panelized Rebar Cages
Decreased Schedule (with EOR detailing)
Phase 16 weeks
Phase 215 weeks (30% schedule)
Saves Space On Site
Rebar hoops 4 O.C. in slit
plates require precision in
prefabrication & placing
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Conventional Practice
Fixed price is an estimate
based incomplete details.Subcontractors have to cover
risk in price. Final quantities
arent known until after shop
drawings. Final price is
adjusted through change order
process based on revised
estimates of concept drawings.
IPD with HiDef BIM
Unit price is based on exact
quantities in the model andadjusted based on actual
quantities delivered. (RE:
Denver Health Project) This
saves all of the overhead of the
RFI and change order process
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Isle of CapriCape Girardeau
Rebar modeling and Shop Drawings by EORaccelerated the schedule and resulted in higher
quality end product. 2000 yd pour with 250 tons
of rebar starting at 7 pm 2 weeks after award of
concrete contract. Photo at noon on day of pour.f
pour.
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Conventional Practice
Construction sequence is
determined by superintendent
long after contract is awarded
and detailed construction
means and methods by the
foreman of the trade involved.
Quite often the details of the
design have to be amended bythe RFI process to tune the
design to the eventual means
and methods
IPD with HiDef BIM
Construction sequence on which
the design is based is includedwith the contract documents
providing a reliable starting point
for the contractors logistical
planning. All of the detailing that
is necessary to support the
sequenceincluding anytemporary structuresis
included in the design.
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Livermore Performing Arts Center
Construction sequence 3D HiDef BIM visualization construction steps 1-4,
concrete substructure and partial superstructure
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Livermore Performing Arts Center
Construction sequence 3D HiDef BIM visualization steps 5-8 at concept
steel & facade
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Livermore Performing Arts CenterRoof truss with temporary construction bracing
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LIVERMOREBuilding Section
with temporary construction columns under cantilever
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Conventional Practice
The structural steel and rebar
detailers have to interpret the
SEORs intent in preparing
complete shop drawings. Any
question are resolved using the
RFI process. The shop
drawings have to be submitted
to the SEOR to verify that theintent has been faithfully
captured. Drawings are
marked up by hand or
manually in PDF and iterated
until a clean set is produced.The process takes months.
IPD with HiDef BIM
The SEOR produces shop
drawings that are, by definition,
consistent with the design intent.
The shop drawings can be
furnished to the supplier at the
time the contract is awarded.
(RE: Cape Girardeau, Denver
Health, USC, and Toledoprojects)
A bonus is that constructibility
conflicts are trapped andcorrected during design. The
EOR starts including
constructibility as a basis of
design.
C i H ll d T l d OH
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Challenge: 10 Rouge fill & fast schedule
Enabling Concepts
Single pile foundations
Prefabricated 5-piece cages detailed for quick install.
Casino HollywoodToledo, OH
Single Pile Foundations
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Conventional Practice
The process is cumbersome,
fraught with opportunities for
miscommunication, conflict,and abuse.
IPD with HiDef BIM
The process is set up around the
need to efficiently manage
change while maintaining aproductive construction
operation. Design IS the process
of managing change until the
optimum design is arrived at. In
modern projects, the structurealways goes first, so managing
change is essential to the art of
structural engineering. The best
way to manage change is to
minimize the length of the supply
chain.
D H lth P ili M
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Design Build Team:Mortenson ConstructionHeery International Architecture
Martino & Luth Structural Engineers
Four Story + Basement115,000 Square Feet of
Structured Space
Outpatient Dialysis
Outpatient Procedure
Administration
Adolescent Psychiatry
Underground Parking
First Floor Parking
Photo by Joel Eden
Denver Health Pavilion M:A Renaissance in Project Delivery
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Martino and Luth:
SEOR
Full Structural HiDef
BIM Model
3D Rebar Shop
Drawings
3D Light Gauge
Curtain Wall Shop
Drawings
Photo by Joel Eden
Contracts:
With Heery:SEOR, Full Structural Model
With Mortenson:
3D Rebar & 3D Light Gauge Shop Drawings
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Material Takeoffs at
DD
Detailed StructuralModel Allows Accurate
Estimating
Steel includesConnections
Concrete Planter
Boxes and Built Up
Column BasesModeled
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Structural Model Sent
To Steel Fabricator
Zimmerman Metals
Also on HiDef BIM
Shop Drawing
Creation Faster and
Easier
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3D Rebar Detailing
Rebar Take off At DD
Rebar Bar Lists for
Fabrication
Rebar Field
Placement Drawings
for Rodbusters
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Rebar Takeoffs At DD
DD Quantity375
TonsUsed to Signunit price Contract
Shop Drawing
Quantity365 Tons (-2.6% from DD)
Final Delivered
Quantity 372 Tons (-
0.8% From DD, +1.9%
from Detailed
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Rebar Bar Lists for Fabrication (Typical Foundation Wall Shown)
M&L worked with Rio Grande to produce a Bar List that wasCompatible with their process.
Fabricator Redlined and Checked our Bar list, vice versa from
Normal
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Rebar Placement DrawingsTyp Elevated Slab
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3D HiDef BIM Light
Gauge Shop Drawings
Full Member Material
Takeoff
Discover Curtain Wall
Issues Prior toConstruction
Coordinated,
Constructible ShopDrawings
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Coordinated
Constructible ShopDrawings
Produced Directly
From the Model
Every Member
Modeled as it is and
where it will go
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Typical Light Gauge Wall Elevations
Project Delivery Benefits
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Project Delivery Benefits
More Realistic Analysis of Volumetric and Layout
Based Design RequirementsWater Retention
Accurate B.O.M. during Design Phase
Shared Model with Steel Fabricator
Virtually Installed Rebar Prior to Actual Construction
3D Rebar Shop Drawings
Virtually Installed Structural Curtain Wall Prior to ActualConstruction3D Exterior Light Gauge Shop
Drawings.
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HiBIM - Implementation Challenges
How are the services contracted?
What does it do to project communications?
How does it change liabilities?
How much does it cost?
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IPD and HiDef BIM Concluding Remarks from an ArchitectsPerspective Cliff Bourland
A more expansive view is required. IPD doesnt start with design
and it doesnt end with construction. We need to elevate our goals.
Life Cycle savings should match those of construction. For
example stop building throw away buildings
We can design efficient buildings that can be managed
efficiently, but only if the knowledge is passed from one
phase to the next.
Means and methods is not just about construction. The
owner needs a Users Manual. And the general contractor
is in the best position to provide it.
Copyright Gregory P. Luth & Associates
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Our objective is to produce as the deliverableproduct of the designa model with sufficient
detail and data to facilitate Lean Constructionand Functional Integrated Project delivery
today, using technology that is scalable to
support Life Cycle Facility Management
processes in the future.
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.
Contribution to Life Cycle Cost
5% controls the other 95%
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IPD in the old days Life Cycle?
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Historical Context Tramway Building
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Historical ContextTramway Building
Construction Complete, February 6, 1911 The completed building includes the 8 story tower in foreground as well as a
concert hall and bowling alley housed in the pop up immediately behind thetower. The construction was completed in 11 months by Whitney-SteenEngineers and Builders. By the time the photos were archived, Whitney-Steenhad dropped the word Engineers from their name.
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USC PIIBuilding B Pivoting Wall Model, Shop Drawings, & Constructed
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Performance Based EarthquakeEngineering (PBEE)
CanBecome
Performance Planned
Non - Catastrophic Engineering (PPNCE)
We can do better than designing sacrificial
structures in order to preserve life safety
We can and should design to control losses
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The World can no longer tolerate anything
but the very best design and construction.
We cannot afford less.
Natural disasters cost a record $380
billion in 2011
HiDEF BIM can propel the industry to achieve
better results
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Performance Based Engineering
Performance-
based engineering is the design, evaluationand construction of engineered facilities that meet, as
economically as possible, the uncertain future demands
that both owner-users and nature will put upon them. The
premise is that performance levels and objectives can be
quantified, that performance can be predicted analytically,and that the cost of improved performance can be
evaluated, so that rational trade-offs can be made based
on life-cycle considerations rather than construction costs
alone.
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20% OF THE WORLD POPULATION lives in or near an earthquake zone.MORE than 70% of that percentage is in poverty level socio-economicclasses.
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More than 65 Million Americans live in Tornado Alley
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The Construction Model is the Facilities Management
Model
Lease
Mgmt
Space
Mgmt
Asset
Mgmt
Facility
MgmtConstructionDesign
Capital
Planning
Construction/
Capital Projects
Operations &
Maintenance
Knowledge amassed through operating and
maintaining the portfolio
Operational Wisdom
applied to next design
People Process Systems
O&M Guidelines/Requirements,
Operational Standards
As Built Intelligence &
Building Performance Proforma
Integrating people, processes and systems throughout the building lifecycle creates the
opportunity for portfolio value optimization.
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Thank you for your time.
Questions?
415 310 5955
Gregory P. Luth & AssociatesStructural Engineers and Builders
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]