Hieratic Papyri

8/10/2019 Hieratic Papyri

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HIER TIC P PYRI

I N T

RITISH MUSEUM


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H I E R T I P P Y R I

IN T H

R I T I S M U S E U M

T H IR S RI S

H S T R E TT Y G I F T

Ed ited by

A LA N H G A R D IN E R D L I TT F B A

D IR E CT O R S L I R R YO RI E NT L I N ST I TU T EU N IV E R SI TY CH IC GO

V O L I T X T

M C M XX XV

LO N DO N: BR IT I SH US U P R IN T Y O R DE R O F T H E T R U S T S

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PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN

H EN Mr an d M r s Ch este r B eat ty p re sen te d to the B ritishM u seu m series of Eg y ptia n p apy ri wr itten in hie ratic sc rip t

of the N inet e ent h to T wen tieth Dy nast ies roug hly 2 5 B C D r lan G ar d ine r had alr e ady s tu di ed the te xts and had him selfp rovi d ed for the skilled assistance of Dr Ibsc h er in ar rang ing andmo u nti n g th e pa pyri T he p ub li cat io n of thes e do cum ents wasthen e ntr us ted to him by or de r of the Tr u stee s an d th e p re se ntvolumes emb ody the res ult of hi s labo ur on th ese texts T he h ieroglyphic tr an sc rip ti on s have been p re pa red un der D r Gar d iner sdi recti on by M r Fl W Fa irm an

It is plea sure to ackn owledge the gift of th is ve r y im por tantseries of p apy ri w hic h ma teria lly increases th e ind ebte d nes s of th eTr uste es to I\Ir C h est er eatty fo r g ener o us ben efac tion s on m oreth an one occasion in the past

ece m ber GEORGE HI LL

Sold atT IlE BRITISI I MUSEUM and by

BERNARD QUARITCH Grafton Street London TV s

HUMPHREY MILFORD O ford University Press London E.C.KEGAN PAUL TRENCH TRUBNER Co. LTD.

Great Russell Street London TV C I

PR EF E

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CONTENTSPAGE

PA P. N o I . . . . . . I

PAP. No . II BRIT. Mus. 10682) .

The Story of the Blinding and Subsequent Vindication of Truth

PAP. No. III BRIT. Mus. 10683) . .. 7

A. The Dream book . . . . 9

B. The Battle of Kadesh. . . . . . . . 23 A Letter to the Vizier Panehsy . . . . . 24D The Colophon . . . . . 26

PAP. No . IV BRIT. Mus. 10684) . . . 28

A. Monotheistic Hymns . . . 28B. A Student s Miscellany . . .

. 37

PAP. No . V BRIT. Mus. 10685) . . . . 45

A. The Hymn to the Nile . . . . . . . 46B. Short Texts in Letter form . . . . . . . . 46c. Magical Texts . . . . . . . . 50

PAP. No . VI BRIT. Mus. io686) . .. 53

]I/Iedical prescrzptions and fragments of a Magical Text

PAP. No . VII BRn. Mus. 10687) . . . . . 55A. Magical Spells against Scorpions . . .

. 55B. Spells against Fever c. . . . . . . 6

PAP. No. VIII BRIT. Mus. io688) . . 66A. Magico-Rehious Texts . . . . . 67B. Similar Texts added by later Scribes . . . . 7

PAP. No . IX BRIT. Mus. 10689) . . . . . 78A. The Ritual of Amenophis I . . . .

. 79B. End ofaMagical Text . . . xo6c, A Book of Invocations . . . . . io6D. A Book of Protection . . . . . . 110

PAP. N o. X BRn. Mus. 10690 . . . . . i1 4 rom a Book of Aphrodisiacs

PAP. No . XI BRIT. Mus. 10691 . . . . 1i6

A. The Story of Isis and Rer with other Magical Spells . . . . xx6B. The Rectos of the Unplaced Fragments . . . . . i 18

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O N T N T S

C. E nd of a M agi cal Text D. Fragments o f Accounts 9 A Hymn to Amn R EV I T IO N S ND S YM O L S E M PL O Y EDF. Spellsfor safety upon the River fc . 121

Egvptological li terat u re is cited in th e usu a l man ner. N ot e especially the following:

PAP. No. X II BRIT. M u s. 10692 122 A Z . Zeitschriftf r agptische Sprache und Altertumskunde.From a Ma gica l Text with Mythological Allusions J E A. jo ur n al of E g ip ti an Archaeology.

OLZ Orientalistische L itte ratur zeitu ng.PAP. N o. X II I BRIT. Mus. 10693 . . 123 P SB A . Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology.

M ag ical Text Wb. Erm an-G rap o w, Wdrterbuch der agyptischen Sprache.

PAP. N o. X IV BRI-r. M u s. 10694 . In the Plates of tran scri p tion or in th e tran slati ons the following symbols are u sed:

Relzjous Text of obscure naturepr above or below a hie rogl y ph indicates th at the r eadi ng ma y be reg arde d as p rob able .tr above or below a hie ro gl yp h in di ca tes th at the c orres pon ding hie ratic sign exists only in tra ce s.

PAP. N o . XV BRIT. M us . 10695 I f th es e traces agree w it h, bu t are insufficient to suggest th e sign u se d in tra nscr iptio n, the latte r is

Illagico-medical Text enclosed w ith in squ are b ra cke ts ][]is used to enclose signs now lost in th e original bu t res tore d by the Edit o r.

PAP. N o . XVI BRur. M u s. 10696 < >in d icat e s a fa u lty omission on th e pa rt of the original scribe

A. Ma g ical Text 127 i n dic a tes E ng lis h words not r epre sent ed in th e E gy p tian .

B. Accounts . 127 rt. recto i.e. th a t side of th e pap y rus in wh ich the ho rizo n tal fibres lie above the vertical, andat r ight angles to the jo in s be twe en th e sheets.

PAP. No. XV II BRrr. Mu s. 10697 . vs. verso i.e. tha t side of the pa pyr u s in which th e vertical fibres th ose parallel to the jo ins,Ext racts from the S a tir ica l Le tter of Ijo ri lie up perm ost .

Wr iting in red is in d ica te d in the tran slat io ns by SMALL CAPS. exc ep t in No II, w here the ma rkingPAP. N o. X V II I BRIT. us 10698 3 of th e fr eq ue n t ru b ric s w ou ld have d istu rbed th e flow of th e na rrati ve. El se w he re th e prac tice of

E xtr acts fr om a Miscellany an d from a Medical Text the originals has bee n fa ithf u lly copied an d it m ay b e well to observe that mo s t of th e ir ecc e ntr ic itie sare due to one or o ther of two causes: i names of gods p rie st s, c . were w ri tte n in black for

PAP. N o . X IX BRrr. M u s. 10699 . . 132

E xt ra ct fr o m the S ati re on the Trades sup erst itiou s reas ons; 2 black ink was often employed inste a d

ofred

tosep ar at e fro m

onean o the r

two consecutive rub rics .

CONCLUSION 133

ADDITIONAL NOTES . . . 135

INDEXES . 37

Xii Xlii


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P AP Y RU S No. X T P LAT ES a

re fe ren ce to the god wi th four heads on a [single] neck. P ar t o f the tex t was de v ote d toto o tha che or decay o f the te eth since in C 6 w e rea d of the enemy who is in the toothof v [born of 14], or in a molar [of his], see too F 2 a nd 13 ; the la tte r passage uses theve ry stra nge ex pr es sio n no fu ne ra ry offerings sh al l be made to thee out o f teeth of mine,

No XV I BRI T. M us 069 6

w h ich one is te m pt ed to in terpr e t as a joc u lar way o f sa yin g that the p ati en t does n ot P LA T E 7 1


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w h ich one is te m pt ed to in terpr e t as a joc u lar way o f sa yin g that the p ati en t does n otin te nd to sacrifice a single to oth for th e be ne fit of any mal igna n t sp irit. R edo M A GI C AL T E XT

V ers o . A CC O UN TS

H E sca nty rem a ins o f a single sh ee t of ra the r th in p apyr us inscr ibed onbo th

recto and verso. Th e m argi n s at top a nd bo tt om are pre serv ed so th at it is p oss ible

to give the hei ght of th e she e t w h ich was 2 O 5 cm Des pite th e div ersity of top ic s on recto

an d verso, it seems likely th at the sc rib e was the same in bo th cases. H e w ro te in a

ra ther nerv ous rap id ha n d spa c ing his g roup s u nus ually widely apart . Th e verso, ha ving

a busi ness tex t is natu rall y m o re cursive th an th e recto. Th e date is D y n. XX .

A. TH E MA G IC A L TE XT

PL A T E 7 1 top

R t. i [A SPE LL FOR ] M AKIN G THE PUR IFIC ATI ONS which T ho th the lord o f di v i ne wo r ds m ad e fo rthe E nn e ad EVE RY DAY W HAT IS SAI D: N born o f M, I have come tothee . I a m Thoth, beloved ? g od [Atu ]m a s h is w s on . I openth y mo u th I uns t o p th y lips, I [r e mo v e] all e v ils H i s pu rific a tion s a re

those of Seth, and the p urifi catio ns of Seth a re his purifications. Thoth giv es inc ense un t o hi m r t. 5 Seth gives incense to him, and he is pure with the water of

that [on?] the h oriz o n of [h e av en ?] the bark ? . 3 He is purewith that water which came forth from E lep han tin e and came for th fro m the m outh of

heis pu r e w it h the di vine w ater which came forth from the two great caverns

Th e rem ains of th e five lines to th e b ott om of th e page are too sc an ty to be tr an sl at ed

bu t n ote tha t in rt . we h ave I have pur ified myself wi th the w ate r

It is no t c le ar to w hat p urif icati o ns thi s spell re fers bu t one m ust su ppo se from the

ge n era l con tents of this col lec ti on of p apy ri tha t th ey w er e pu rific a tion s w hi ch o rdi n ary

in divi d ual m en m igh t d es ire to un d erg o . T h e as so ci at ion of T h oth and Set h with

pu rific ator y cere m on ie s is k n ow n from o th er so ur ce s b ut appa rent ly only in con nex ion

w ith th e p urif icati o n of the Ph arao h b e fore off iciating in a temple.4

B. THE A CC OU N TSP L A TE 71 bottom

The frag m en t of ac cou n ts on th e verso, inc omp lete and en ig ma ti c as it is, po ssesses

some value as a co n tri bu tio n to o ur kn o wl ed ge of th e w orkm en living at Dr el -Me d Ine h

Cf . Pap . Cl i Be at ty V III r t . IX vs B Se e Bla c kma ns art . P urif icati on in H ast ings D ictio nary is su pe rfl uo us . of R el ig ion a n d E thic s, X , 4 78 , u nder d.

O r p erh a ps rnij nt y th e F err y ina n .

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No. XVII BRIT. Mus. 10697 . No. XVIII BRIT. Mus. 10698 .PLATE 72 top PLATE 72 middle


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EXTRACTS FROM THE SATIRICAL LETTER OF HORI

HREE fragments, inscribed in a practised Ramesside literary hand on the redoonly, containing portions of Anastasi I. All presumably belonged to the samepage, and the two combined under the letter A correspond to 3, 24 of that papyruswhile B corresponds to 3, 58 Both A and B show traces of additional phrases

See Gardiner Egyptian Hieratic Texts, Series 1, Part I, Leipzig sr I

Recto. EXTRACTS FROM A MISCELLANY

Verso. FROM A MEDICAL TEXT

EVEN fragments of a papyrus inscribed on the recto in a curiously rigid and angularRamesside literary hand and on the verso in a different, but equally rigid, handwith very little space between the signs. Four of the seven fragments are omitted fromthe Plate as too small and of too little interest to be worth recording The others arehere lettered A, B, an d C.

The first two lines on the recto of A are from the concluding words of a well-knownpassage describing the woes of the agriculturalist and the superiority of the scribes

profession, The tag he the scribe has no taxes to pay occurs also elsewhere.2 Inthe third lin e b eg an another similar passage encountered already in this volume,3though the words preserved in do not occur there.

Fragments B and C may well have contained a passage in which industry was enjoinedupon the youthful scribe. The phrases [Do not] turn thy back upon divine zuords i.e. literary writings [or one shall] beat thee thoroughly have a familiar ring,but no exact parallel has been found.4

The medical phrases on the verso contain nothing out of the common, and need nocomment here.

Anast. V. s

Sail. 1, 6,89

Bedleian Eg.Inscr. 2542 Pap. Ch. Beatty V, rt. 6, 7.

Pap. Ch . Beatty IVVS.

4, 34. For the first phrase ef. Anast. V, 6, iz = 35 7 Sail. I 6, 2

130 131

No XIX B R IT . M u s 1 0 69 9

P LAT E 7 bottom

ON LU SIO N

CO MPR ISE D in the gift m ade to the Brit ish M us eu m by Mr. and M rs . Ch es te r

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EX TR CT FR O M T HE S TI R E TH E T R D E S

FIV E fragm ent s in a go od R am e ssi d e li te rar y h an d yi eld wo rds an d p hras es fromth at m ost po p ula r o f all the E g ypt ia n classics th e sa tire o n th e trad es a n d the

g lo ri fic at ion of the scribes calling The fra gme nts, whi ch are insc ribed on one sideonly all b elon g to the passage p res e rve d en ti re in S a llier II 6 2

C B ea tty are a nu mbe r of sm all fr agm ents from m ag ic al m ed ic al a nd oth e r wo rksout of w hic h n o coh e ren t con text has been w o n. o m e of th ese d oub tless b elo n g tothe pa pyr i tr ea te d in th is v olu m e par ticul a rly p erh a ps to N o. X I , b u t are he re ig n ore d

in the conv ictio n that t ime is bet ter emp lo ye d tha n in pu zzli n g o v er disjecta membra

pro misi ng so tri f ling a resu lt.

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I N D E X E S

t, b re ad , 6o n. 2Ti -b itt , wi fe of H orus , 56 n. 6.T?-mnt, w ife of Ho rus ? ),

n. 6 .twn, p rize, rew ard , 32 fl 3

m rrnt, peo p le arou nd one50 4.

t?y, male ? , us ed of me dica rn en ts ,x i8 ri. 3.

tint, cab in, 47 n. 9.t f y D elta m ar sh es , n. 4.tms, filthy, 1 9 n. 7.thhwt-Ib, exu lt atio n , 3 2 fl 7.

drnit pgwt, stret cher o f bow s,epithe t of N ekh b et, 3 fl 10

d tt te sticle s ? , n. 2

fire -b or in g, 98 f l Igiy, vi olen tly ? , 12 3.

a k ind of fruit ?), 49 n. 2

P R IN T ED INGR EAT B R IT A IN

A T TH E

U NI V ER S IT Y P RE S S


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tpi, be spew ed out , 64 9.tp h t, m outh _cav ity) , o eso pha

gus ? , n. 8.f dislodge ? , 4 n. 9.tn willow, 75 n. 8.

j m, preva il ov er, su rpa ss , 4n 6

di nb r rd f set the pace forevery ma n , 41 4.

dbt, sho oting -ma rk, tar get , f l 9.Dbwt, an un id en ti fie d locality ? ,

64 4.dbs, pr ick vh . , 1 7 fl 2 dp m, fas ten to, 69 I

?), 49 n.

Ith, aher

b , i6 n. 9.drnw, d esc enda n ts, o n. 3.g ? g it cou n cil , 1 7 f l 13 dw ms n p t, m ou nt ain , b orn of

sky, 73 n. 2 dsr, ho ly, 34 n. 5.ld: m dd, so sa ith , n. 6.t/ d t, olive, 49 n. 3.

OX FOR DB Y

JO HN JO H NS ONPR t N T E R

T O TH E

UN V E SI

I II O P T I

i ot r c cu cum ber, 2 5n . 5.

ciep o, the N ile , n. 5. yes, 526 i lione ss, n. 4 .1 tTl i 1l H C in this fa shi o n,

I I 5.no euJ, sp le en , 69 n. 7.

b urn t- of fe rin g , 39 n. 9.

c nje bit tern e ss, 1 7 f l 5.c i . , w om an, to .i o be pri cked , 1 7 fl 2

M ary also, 4 7 n. 3.TW IIC b ury, 19 f l 7.oT ii r, hul l, t8 n . 7.u>.ua, con su m e, dev our, 6 i n. 3.i tI iL O Tf t Esh m fln n, 1 7 f l 4.t q wr e w ell, 17 n. 8.

to ten t, 19 2

o be h o ars e, 63 n. 3e on, wed ding , 19 2 o n r cr os s- pie ces of the leaves of

a doo r, 7 1 n. 7.co ve r vb. ), 39 n. 4.

o r o T T v sea rc hout , 68 n. 6.

w iI g ener a tion , o n. 3.

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Hieratic Papyri

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