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Generation System In2012,EGATpowerplantshadaninstalledgeneratingcapacityof15,010.13MWor46.04percentofthecountry’sgrossenergygeneration.Thepurchasedpowercapacityincluded12,741.69MWfromdomesticindependentpowerproducers(IPPs)representing39.08percentofthecountry’stotalgeneratingcapacity,2,444.60MWor7.50percentfromsmallpowerproducers(SPPs),and2,404.60MWor7.38percentfromneighboringcountries.
Apartfromthenewcapacityof12.00MWofthedownstreamhydropowerplantofChaoPhyaDamUnits1and2,therewasnonewlargepowerplantaddedtothepowersystem.Forenergypurchase,moreenergywaspurchasedfromTheunHinbounExpansionHydroelectricPowerPlantUnit3,GHECO-OneCo.Ltd.,andsmallpowerproducerswithfixedpowersupply.
Energy Generation and Purchase In2012,thepeakpowerdemandtopped26,121.10MWonApril26,2512whichwas2,220.89MWor9.29percenthigherthanthepreviousyear.
Thenetenergyin2012was173,250.28millionunitswhichwas14,379.79millionunitsor9.05percenthigherthantheprecedingyear.Theenergyof77,502.85millionunitsor44.73percentofthecountry’senergydemandwasfromtheEGATpowerplants,whereastheenergyof95,747.43millionunitsor55.27percentwaspurchasedfromindependentpowerproducersandfromneighboringcountries.
Fuel Utilization In2012,naturalgasremainedamajorsourceoffuelinelectricitygenerationwhichcouldgeneratethenetenergyof117,057.63millionunitsor67.56percentofthecountry’snetenergy.Secondinprioritywaslignitecoalwhichcouldgeneratethenetenergyof32,533.25millionunitsor18.78percent.Hydropowerpowerplantscouldgeneratethenetenergyof8,436.21millionunitsor4.87percentwithadditionoftheimportedpowerof10,516.54millionunitsor6.07percent.Theenergygeneratedbyfueloilanddieselwas2,067.71millionunitsor1.20percent.Theenergygeneratedbybiomassandrenewableenergywas2,638.94millionunitsor1.52percentofthenetenergy.
Operations
System Installed Capacity
Energy Sources for Electricity Generation
13Long-lasting friendship...Sustainable energy
Gasconsumptionduring2008-2012hadatendencytoincreaseexceptintheyearof2011whenthegreatfloodincidentoccurred.However,theaveragepriceofgasduring2008-2012hadcontinuedtoincreaseowingtotheimportofliquefiednaturalgas(LNG)whichhadahigherpriceperunitsincethemidof2011.
Energy Sales EGATsoldatotalof169,375.89millionkWhofelectricenergyoutofwhich49,991.71millionkWhtotheMetropolitanElectricityAuthority(MEA)and116,031.38millionkWhtotheProvincialElectricityAuthority(PEA)whichwerethemaincustomers.Thetotalof3,228.32millionkWhelectricenergywassoldtodirectcustomersandtheneighboringcountries(LaoPDR,Malaysia,andCambodia).Therestof119.81millionkWhwassoldtootherminorcustomers.
Energy Adjustment Charge (Ft tariff) Intheyear2012,thefuelpriceincreasedfromtheyear2011.Naturalgasprice,the70percentoffuelshareforpowergeneration,increased48Baht/millionBTUor19percent(fromtheaverageof252Baht/millionBTUto300Baht/millionBTU),resultingintheincreaseofpowergenerationcostdespitetheattemptoftheEGATgenerationmanagementtoreducethecost.Asaresult,theEnergyRegulatoryCommission(ERC)allowedtheF
tTarifftobeincreasedgradually,not
yetfullycoveringtheactualcost,inordertoalleviatethecostoflivingofthepeopleandthemanufacturingsector’sfloodimpactsinlate2011.Therefore,EGAThadtotemporarilyshouldertheaccruedF
trevenueof
approximately6,978millionBaht.
In 2012, the Ft Tariff was revised 3 times as follows:
Revision
Month Ft Tariff Average Retail Tariff including Ft
(Baht/Unit) (Baht/Unit)
1 January-April 0.00 3.24
2 May 0.00 3.24 June-August 0.30 3.54
3 September-December 0.48 3.72
Note: Excluding VAT
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Type of power plant Installed Capacity (MW) Percentage of the System Capacity
Hydropower 3,435.74 10.54
Thermal 4,699.00 14.41
Combinedcycle 6,866.00 21.06
Diesel 4.40 0.01
Renewableenergy 4.99 0.02
Total 15,010.13 46.04
2009 2010 2011 2012
1 HeatRate(kJ/kWh) 8,871.69 8,835.93 8,694.21 8,662.41
2 GWEAF(%) 91.32 90.72 92.75 90.54
3 POF(%) 4.23 5.48 3.39 5.00
4 UOF(%) 3.19 2.46 2.58 2.84
EGAT Generation Facilities
EGAT’s power capacity included the following:
EGAT’s power plant performance was as follows:
In2012,theoverallperformanceofEGAT’sgeneratingpowerplantsfaredbetterthantheprioryearbothintermsofheatrateandavailabilityfactor.Thegeneratingweightedequivalentavailabilityfactor(GWEAF)ofallpowerplantsofEGATamounted2.2percentlowerthantheprecedingyearduetothegreatfloodduringOctober-November2011resultingintheadjustmentoftheplanonsomemaintenanceworkto2012.Theplannedoutagefactor(POF)in2012,whencomparedwiththeyear2011,wasfoundtobeincreased,whereastheunplannedoutagefactor(UOF)wasslightlyincreased.However,EGATcouldcontroltherateofUOFtobelessthan3percent.
Transmission System In2012,EGATpursueditsplanintransmissionsystemdevelopmentcoveringimprovement,maintenance,andextensionofthetransmissionsystemaswellasthetransmissionfacilitiestoincreasethecapabilityandstabilityinthepowersupplysystem.Majortransmissionsystemprojectscompletedduringtheyearincluded2circuitsof500KVPluakDaeng-WangNoitransmissionlinesystemandonecircuitof230KVNawanakorn-WangNoitransmissionlinesystem.
Moreover,theKT1A,KT2A,andKT3Atransformersofthe300MVAcapacitywereinstalledatNawanakornSubstation,whereasKT4Atransformerofthecapacityof200MVAwasinstalledatPluakDaengSubstation,andKT4Atransformerofthecapacityof200MVAwasinstalledatPrachinBuriSubstation.ThenewsubstationsaddedtothetransmissionsystemwereMaeMoh4,Navanakorn,andNakhonPhanom2.
In2012,EGAT’stransmissionsystemnetworkcomprised31,556.46circuit-kilometersoftransmissionlineswith212substations,546deliverypoints,andatotaltransformercapacityof86,730.19MVA.
Throughouttheyear,EGAT’stransmissionsystemmanagedtoaddresstheproblemsandcriticalsituationsuchasthedelayintheplanorotherconstraintswithsatisfactoryresult.
In2012,forcedoutagesoccurred73times,outofwhich14timeswerecausedbyfailureofthetransmissionlinesand59timesfromthesubstationequipment.Theinterruptionwasmainlycausedbymalfunctionofsubstation
15Long-lasting friendship...Sustainable energy
equipment(26times),byanimals(24times),byhumanerrors,eitherstafforoutsidepeople(7times),byenvironment(6times),byweather(3times),andbyunidentifiablereasons(7times).
Amongtheforcedoutages,importanteventswhichworthmentioningwereasfollows:
• OnMay13,2012at16.09hours,aforcedoutageoccurredinawideareaincludingSakonNakhon1Substation,ThatPhanomSubstation,NakhonPhanomSubstation,MukdahanSubstations1and2,andSubstationsofElectricitéduLaos(TaKhaek,PakBo).Thisinterruptedpowersupplyof94.3MWtoPEAfor9minutesandof108.5MWtoTaKhaekandPakBosubstationsfor2minutes.
• OnMay22,2012at15.56hours,apartialblackoutoccurredinthelowersouthernpartofThailandcoveringSongkhla,Yala,Pattani,Narathiwat,andSatunprovinces.Thepartialblackoutof641.4MWlasted26minutes.
In2012,EGAT’sbulkpowersupplysystemreliabilityperformancewasasfollows:
• Systeminterruptionseverity(SISI)-System-minutes(MW-minutes/MW) 1.97607
• Systemaverageinterruptionfrequencyindex(SAIFI), 0.30306numberofoccurrence/deliverypoint
• Systemaverageinterruptiondurationindex(SAIDI),minutes/deliverypoint 6.79035
Theavailabilityofthetransmissionsystemin2012wasasfollows:
• Systemavailability(SA)(%) 99.9987
• Transmissioncircuitavailability(%) 99.99073
• Transformeravailability(%) 99.52174
Thequalityofthepowersupplyservicehasbeenwellmaintainedwithfrequencybeingcontrolledwithinthebandof49.50-50.50Hzandsystemvoltagebeingsteadilycontrolledwithintherangeof95-105percentofnominalvoltage.
Toensuretheavailabilityandcontinuityofthesupplyservice,EGAThasgiventopprioritytotheimprovementandmaintenanceofexistingtransmissionfacilities.Workcarriedoutduringtheyearincludedinsulatorcleaningforthe500kVtransmissionlinesintheareahighlyexposedtodirt,pollution,smoke,andwastefrombirds;drillsandexercisesofemergencypreparednessandblackstartrestorationplan;analyticalreviewofthepowersupplysystemtoproperlypreparetransmissionmaintenanceanddevelopmentplan;planningpowerdispatchinlinewithtransmissionconstraintsandsystemrequirements;implementingpreventivemeasurestominimizeinterruptionofsupplycausedbyhumanerrorsandequipmentmalfunctionscausedbyanimals;andpubliccommunicationprogramtoreducelossesanddamagestotransmissionfacilitiescausedbycommunityactivitiesandaddressconcernandcomplaintsofallstakeholderswithregardstopowertransmission.Withthis,EGAThassuccessfullymaintaineditshighqualityinelectricitysupplywithcontinuity,stability,andreliability.
Most of EGAT's CSR projects have originated from EGAT’s concern on social problems and its intention to take part in remedying or in encouraging the society to participate in the problem solving. The Ban Khlong Rua Micro-Hydropower Plant Project in Pak Song Sub-district in Phato District of Chumphon Province was constructed by the collaboration of EGAT and Ban khlong Rua community to generate electricity owing to the remote location of the community which is a watershed area where electricity could not reach. The construction of the power plant was completed in 2012 and could supply electricity to 81 households. This hydropower plant can be regarded as a successful model of community power plant which has been originated from the real need of the community, managed by and for the benefit of the community while taking into account the way of life of the people and the environmental conservation. The Biological Way of Life for Sustainable Development Program has been implemented by EGAT since 1999 to promote natural agriculture and self-reliance approach. The “Wan Kaew” Project, launched in 2003, focuses on accepting donated spectacle frames and lens and dispatching the mobile optometry units to provide free eye tests and eyeglasses across the country.
Long-lasting friendship…Sustainable energyLong-lasting friendship…Sustainable energy
Most of EGAT's CSR projects have originated from EGAT’s concern on social problems and its intention to take part in remedying or in encouraging the society to participate in the problem solving. The Ban Khlong Rua Micro-Hydropower Plant Project in Pak Song Sub-district in Phato District of Chumphon Province was constructed by the collaboration of EGAT and Ban khlong Rua community to generate electricity owing to the remote location of the community which is a watershed area where electricity could not reach. The construction of the power plant was completed in 2012 and could supply electricity to 81 households. This hydropower plant can be regarded as a successful model of community power plant which has been originated from the real need of the community, managed by and for the benefit of the community while taking into account the way of life of the people and the environmental conservation. The Biological Way of Life for Sustainable Development Program has been implemented by EGAT since 1999 to promote natural agriculture and self-reliance approach. The “Wan Kaew” Project, launched in 2003, focuses on accepting donated spectacle frames and lens and dispatching the mobile optometry units to provide free eye tests and eyeglasses across the country.
Long-lasting friendship…Sustainable energyLong-lasting friendship…Sustainable energy