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Operations higher price per unit since the mid of 2011. ... the band of 49.50-50.50 Hz and system...

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12 Generation System In 2012, EGAT power plants had an installed generating capacity of 15,010.13 MW or 46.04 percent of the country’s gross energy generation. The purchased power capacity included 12,741.69 MW from domestic independent power producers (IPPs) representing 39.08 percent of the country’s total generating capacity, 2,444.60 MW or 7.50 percent from small power producers (SPPs), and 2,404.60 MW or 7.38 percent from neighboring countries. Apart from the new capacity of 12.00 MW of the downstream hydropower plant of Chao Phya Dam Units 1 and 2, there was no new large power plant added to the power system. For energy purchase, more energy was purchased from Theun Hinboun Expansion Hydroelectric Power Plant Unit 3, GHECO-One Co. Ltd., and small power producers with fixed power supply. Energy Generation and Purchase In 2012, the peak power demand topped 26,121.10 MW on April 26, 2512 which was 2,220.89 MW or 9.29 percent higher than the previous year. The net energy in 2012 was 173,250.28 million units which was 14,379.79 million units or 9.05 percent higher than the preceding year. The energy of 77,502.85 million units or 44.73 percent of the country’s energy demand was from the EGAT power plants, whereas the energy of 95,747.43 million units or 55.27 percent was purchased from independent power producers and from neighboring countries. Fuel Utilization In 2012, natural gas remained a major source of fuel in electricity generation which could generate the net energy of 117,057.63 million units or 67.56 percent of the country’s net energy. Second in priority was lignite coal which could generate the net energy of 32,533.25 million units or 18.78 percent. Hydropower power plants could generate the net energy of 8,436.21 million units or 4.87 percent with addition of the imported power of 10,516.54 million units or 6.07 percent. The energy generated by fuel oil and diesel was 2,067.71 million units or 1.20 percent. The energy generated by biomass and renewable energy was 2,638.94 million units or 1.52 percent of the net energy. Operations System Installed Capacity Energy Sources for Electricity Generation
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12

Generation System In2012,EGATpowerplantshadaninstalledgeneratingcapacityof15,010.13MWor46.04percentofthecountry’sgrossenergygeneration.Thepurchasedpowercapacityincluded12,741.69MWfromdomesticindependentpowerproducers(IPPs)representing39.08percentofthecountry’stotalgeneratingcapacity,2,444.60MWor7.50percentfromsmallpowerproducers(SPPs),and2,404.60MWor7.38percentfromneighboringcountries.

Apartfromthenewcapacityof12.00MWofthedownstreamhydropowerplantofChaoPhyaDamUnits1and2,therewasnonewlargepowerplantaddedtothepowersystem.Forenergypurchase,moreenergywaspurchasedfromTheunHinbounExpansionHydroelectricPowerPlantUnit3,GHECO-OneCo.Ltd.,andsmallpowerproducerswithfixedpowersupply.

Energy Generation and Purchase In2012,thepeakpowerdemandtopped26,121.10MWonApril26,2512whichwas2,220.89MWor9.29percenthigherthanthepreviousyear.

Thenetenergyin2012was173,250.28millionunitswhichwas14,379.79millionunitsor9.05percenthigherthantheprecedingyear.Theenergyof77,502.85millionunitsor44.73percentofthecountry’senergydemandwasfromtheEGATpowerplants,whereastheenergyof95,747.43millionunitsor55.27percentwaspurchasedfromindependentpowerproducersandfromneighboringcountries.

Fuel Utilization In2012,naturalgasremainedamajorsourceoffuelinelectricitygenerationwhichcouldgeneratethenetenergyof117,057.63millionunitsor67.56percentofthecountry’snetenergy.Secondinprioritywaslignitecoalwhichcouldgeneratethenetenergyof32,533.25millionunitsor18.78percent.Hydropowerpowerplantscouldgeneratethenetenergyof8,436.21millionunitsor4.87percentwithadditionoftheimportedpowerof10,516.54millionunitsor6.07percent.Theenergygeneratedbyfueloilanddieselwas2,067.71millionunitsor1.20percent.Theenergygeneratedbybiomassandrenewableenergywas2,638.94millionunitsor1.52percentofthenetenergy.

Operations

System Installed Capacity

Energy Sources for Electricity Generation

13Long-lasting friendship...Sustainable energy

Gasconsumptionduring2008-2012hadatendencytoincreaseexceptintheyearof2011whenthegreatfloodincidentoccurred.However,theaveragepriceofgasduring2008-2012hadcontinuedtoincreaseowingtotheimportofliquefiednaturalgas(LNG)whichhadahigherpriceperunitsincethemidof2011.

Energy Sales EGATsoldatotalof169,375.89millionkWhofelectricenergyoutofwhich49,991.71millionkWhtotheMetropolitanElectricityAuthority(MEA)and116,031.38millionkWhtotheProvincialElectricityAuthority(PEA)whichwerethemaincustomers.Thetotalof3,228.32millionkWhelectricenergywassoldtodirectcustomersandtheneighboringcountries(LaoPDR,Malaysia,andCambodia).Therestof119.81millionkWhwassoldtootherminorcustomers.

Energy Adjustment Charge (Ft tariff) Intheyear2012,thefuelpriceincreasedfromtheyear2011.Naturalgasprice,the70percentoffuelshareforpowergeneration,increased48Baht/millionBTUor19percent(fromtheaverageof252Baht/millionBTUto300Baht/millionBTU),resultingintheincreaseofpowergenerationcostdespitetheattemptoftheEGATgenerationmanagementtoreducethecost.Asaresult,theEnergyRegulatoryCommission(ERC)allowedtheF

tTarifftobeincreasedgradually,not

yetfullycoveringtheactualcost,inordertoalleviatethecostoflivingofthepeopleandthemanufacturingsector’sfloodimpactsinlate2011.Therefore,EGAThadtotemporarilyshouldertheaccruedF

trevenueof

approximately6,978millionBaht.

In 2012, the Ft Tariff was revised 3 times as follows:

Revision

Month Ft Tariff Average Retail Tariff including Ft

(Baht/Unit) (Baht/Unit)

1 January-April 0.00 3.24

2 May 0.00 3.24 June-August 0.30 3.54

3 September-December 0.48 3.72

Note: Excluding VAT

14

Type of power plant Installed Capacity (MW) Percentage of the System Capacity

Hydropower 3,435.74 10.54

Thermal 4,699.00 14.41

Combinedcycle 6,866.00 21.06

Diesel 4.40 0.01

Renewableenergy 4.99 0.02

Total 15,010.13 46.04

2009 2010 2011 2012

1 HeatRate(kJ/kWh) 8,871.69 8,835.93 8,694.21 8,662.41

2 GWEAF(%) 91.32 90.72 92.75 90.54

3 POF(%) 4.23 5.48 3.39 5.00

4 UOF(%) 3.19 2.46 2.58 2.84

EGAT Generation Facilities

EGAT’s power capacity included the following:

EGAT’s power plant performance was as follows:

In2012,theoverallperformanceofEGAT’sgeneratingpowerplantsfaredbetterthantheprioryearbothintermsofheatrateandavailabilityfactor.Thegeneratingweightedequivalentavailabilityfactor(GWEAF)ofallpowerplantsofEGATamounted2.2percentlowerthantheprecedingyearduetothegreatfloodduringOctober-November2011resultingintheadjustmentoftheplanonsomemaintenanceworkto2012.Theplannedoutagefactor(POF)in2012,whencomparedwiththeyear2011,wasfoundtobeincreased,whereastheunplannedoutagefactor(UOF)wasslightlyincreased.However,EGATcouldcontroltherateofUOFtobelessthan3percent.

Transmission System In2012,EGATpursueditsplanintransmissionsystemdevelopmentcoveringimprovement,maintenance,andextensionofthetransmissionsystemaswellasthetransmissionfacilitiestoincreasethecapabilityandstabilityinthepowersupplysystem.Majortransmissionsystemprojectscompletedduringtheyearincluded2circuitsof500KVPluakDaeng-WangNoitransmissionlinesystemandonecircuitof230KVNawanakorn-WangNoitransmissionlinesystem.

Moreover,theKT1A,KT2A,andKT3Atransformersofthe300MVAcapacitywereinstalledatNawanakornSubstation,whereasKT4Atransformerofthecapacityof200MVAwasinstalledatPluakDaengSubstation,andKT4Atransformerofthecapacityof200MVAwasinstalledatPrachinBuriSubstation.ThenewsubstationsaddedtothetransmissionsystemwereMaeMoh4,Navanakorn,andNakhonPhanom2.

In2012,EGAT’stransmissionsystemnetworkcomprised31,556.46circuit-kilometersoftransmissionlineswith212substations,546deliverypoints,andatotaltransformercapacityof86,730.19MVA.

Throughouttheyear,EGAT’stransmissionsystemmanagedtoaddresstheproblemsandcriticalsituationsuchasthedelayintheplanorotherconstraintswithsatisfactoryresult.

In2012,forcedoutagesoccurred73times,outofwhich14timeswerecausedbyfailureofthetransmissionlinesand59timesfromthesubstationequipment.Theinterruptionwasmainlycausedbymalfunctionofsubstation

15Long-lasting friendship...Sustainable energy

equipment(26times),byanimals(24times),byhumanerrors,eitherstafforoutsidepeople(7times),byenvironment(6times),byweather(3times),andbyunidentifiablereasons(7times).

Amongtheforcedoutages,importanteventswhichworthmentioningwereasfollows:

• OnMay13,2012at16.09hours,aforcedoutageoccurredinawideareaincludingSakonNakhon1Substation,ThatPhanomSubstation,NakhonPhanomSubstation,MukdahanSubstations1and2,andSubstationsofElectricitéduLaos(TaKhaek,PakBo).Thisinterruptedpowersupplyof94.3MWtoPEAfor9minutesandof108.5MWtoTaKhaekandPakBosubstationsfor2minutes.

• OnMay22,2012at15.56hours,apartialblackoutoccurredinthelowersouthernpartofThailandcoveringSongkhla,Yala,Pattani,Narathiwat,andSatunprovinces.Thepartialblackoutof641.4MWlasted26minutes.

In2012,EGAT’sbulkpowersupplysystemreliabilityperformancewasasfollows:

• Systeminterruptionseverity(SISI)-System-minutes(MW-minutes/MW) 1.97607

• Systemaverageinterruptionfrequencyindex(SAIFI), 0.30306numberofoccurrence/deliverypoint

• Systemaverageinterruptiondurationindex(SAIDI),minutes/deliverypoint 6.79035

Theavailabilityofthetransmissionsystemin2012wasasfollows:

• Systemavailability(SA)(%) 99.9987

• Transmissioncircuitavailability(%) 99.99073

• Transformeravailability(%) 99.52174

Thequalityofthepowersupplyservicehasbeenwellmaintainedwithfrequencybeingcontrolledwithinthebandof49.50-50.50Hzandsystemvoltagebeingsteadilycontrolledwithintherangeof95-105percentofnominalvoltage.

Toensuretheavailabilityandcontinuityofthesupplyservice,EGAThasgiventopprioritytotheimprovementandmaintenanceofexistingtransmissionfacilities.Workcarriedoutduringtheyearincludedinsulatorcleaningforthe500kVtransmissionlinesintheareahighlyexposedtodirt,pollution,smoke,andwastefrombirds;drillsandexercisesofemergencypreparednessandblackstartrestorationplan;analyticalreviewofthepowersupplysystemtoproperlypreparetransmissionmaintenanceanddevelopmentplan;planningpowerdispatchinlinewithtransmissionconstraintsandsystemrequirements;implementingpreventivemeasurestominimizeinterruptionofsupplycausedbyhumanerrorsandequipmentmalfunctionscausedbyanimals;andpubliccommunicationprogramtoreducelossesanddamagestotransmissionfacilitiescausedbycommunityactivitiesandaddressconcernandcomplaintsofallstakeholderswithregardstopowertransmission.Withthis,EGAThassuccessfullymaintaineditshighqualityinelectricitysupplywithcontinuity,stability,andreliability.

Most of EGAT's CSR projects have originated from EGAT’s concern on social problems and its intention to take part in remedying or in encouraging the society to participate in the problem solving. The Ban Khlong Rua Micro-Hydropower Plant Project in Pak Song Sub-district in Phato District of Chumphon Province was constructed by the collaboration of EGAT and Ban khlong Rua community to generate electricity owing to the remote location of the community which is a watershed area where electricity could not reach. The construction of the power plant was completed in 2012 and could supply electricity to 81 households. This hydropower plant can be regarded as a successful model of community power plant which has been originated from the real need of the community, managed by and for the benefit of the community while taking into account the way of life of the people and the environmental conservation. The Biological Way of Life for Sustainable Development Program has been implemented by EGAT since 1999 to promote natural agriculture and self-reliance approach. The “Wan Kaew” Project, launched in 2003, focuses on accepting donated spectacle frames and lens and dispatching the mobile optometry units to provide free eye tests and eyeglasses across the country.

Long-lasting friendship…Sustainable energyLong-lasting friendship…Sustainable energy

Most of EGAT's CSR projects have originated from EGAT’s concern on social problems and its intention to take part in remedying or in encouraging the society to participate in the problem solving. The Ban Khlong Rua Micro-Hydropower Plant Project in Pak Song Sub-district in Phato District of Chumphon Province was constructed by the collaboration of EGAT and Ban khlong Rua community to generate electricity owing to the remote location of the community which is a watershed area where electricity could not reach. The construction of the power plant was completed in 2012 and could supply electricity to 81 households. This hydropower plant can be regarded as a successful model of community power plant which has been originated from the real need of the community, managed by and for the benefit of the community while taking into account the way of life of the people and the environmental conservation. The Biological Way of Life for Sustainable Development Program has been implemented by EGAT since 1999 to promote natural agriculture and self-reliance approach. The “Wan Kaew” Project, launched in 2003, focuses on accepting donated spectacle frames and lens and dispatching the mobile optometry units to provide free eye tests and eyeglasses across the country.

Long-lasting friendship…Sustainable energyLong-lasting friendship…Sustainable energy


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