Hiltz Hapkido: Blue Belt

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Principles of Kyusho Jitsu

The meridians and vesselsYin and Yang polarities

Cycle of destruction

Diurnal cycle

Stances and methods of attack

Arm points

Leg points

Body points

Head points

Pinan SandanBunkai


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Kyusho is the study of the human body and its nervous system from an easternmedicine perspective. Kyusho Jitsu is the study and application of Kyusho forfighting.

The aim of Kuysho Jitsu (pressure point theory) is to attack the opponents nervousand energy system to create pain, impede motor nerve function and tooverstimulate the brain.

Kyusho Jitsu should always be practised in the presence of an instructor. KyushoJitsu is dangerous and can lead to permanent injuries. DO NOT apply Kyusho Jitsu toanyone over the age of fifty or anyone with heart conditions.

Principles of Kyusho Jitsu:

Attack along the meridian

Attack Yin and Yang

Attack in accordance with the Diurnal Cycle

Attack in the Cycle of Destruction

Use of Alarm Points

What is a pressure point?

A pressure point is a place on the body where either nerves overlap or where a

nerve branches off or where a nerve ends. Pressure points are about the size of a

pin head, but can be activated if you are within half an inch from it. Pressure pointsare used in conjunction with other techniques as a means to make them more

effective, they are not intended to be stand alone fighting systems.

Depending on the anatomy of the pressure point, it can be activated by one or more

methods:

Hit

Rub

Press


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The cycle of destruction and the cycle of creation

The two cycles represent the way the meridians interact with

each other. When we combine two different frequencies they

either amplify (creation), or become distorted (destruction).

When attacking meridians it is important to follow the cycle of

destruction; Fire melts Metal, Metal cuts Wood, Wood

penetrates Earth, Earth dams Water and Water quenches Fire.

This can be used by either attacking a meridian with another

in the cycle (striking metal with fire) or attacking meridianswithin the cycle (attacking metal then wood).

Yin and Yang polarity

Each meridian has a polarity, it is either Yin (negative) or Yang(positive). Disrupting a meridian is more effective when attacking

meridians with alternating polarity. This is done by attacking a

positive meridian with a negative or alternating the meridians

attacked (attacking the lung meridian followed by attacking the

small intestine meridian).

The meridians and vessels

According to Eastern medicine our body has an electromagnetic field that corresponds to our

nervous system. This field or energy is called Chi and it travels in pathways called meridians. Every

pressure point lies on one of these meridians and shares its attributes. The meridians are named

after the corresponding organ they are linked to. There are also vessels, which are pathways of

energy that act as a main supply line and interact with the 12 meridians. When the meridians are

attacked it also has an affect on the bodys nervous system, resulting in overstimulation of the brain

and pressure points having a more pronounced effect when simply manipulated.

The meridians are grouped into polarities and elements, so that we can systematically attack them

and predict the effect.


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The diurnal cycle is the direction of flow of our chi. Once the energy has flowed through a meridian itcontinues on to the start of another. Meridians that flow away from the body are called centrifugaland energy that flows towards the body are called centripetal. It is also good to note that there ismore energy in one meridian than all the others at any specific time.

The time period of heavier energy flow and the order in which the energy cycles through the

meridians is as follows:

Lung meridian 03:00 05:00

Large intestine meridian 05:00 07:00

Stomach meridian 07:00 09:00

Spleen meridian 09:00 11:00

Heart meridian 11:00 13:00

Small intestine meridian 13:00 15:00

Bladder meridian 15:00 17:00Kidney meridian 17:00 19:00

Pericardium meridian 19:00 21:00

Triple Warmer meridian 21:00 23:00

(relates to the endocrine system)

Gall bladder meridian 23:00 01:00

Liver meridian 01:00 03:00

The diurnal cycle is used to maximize the disruption along a meridian. It can be applied by attacking a

meridian such as the lung meridian and following up by attacking the next meridian in the order offlow, in this case the large intestine meridian. The attack to lung disrupts the large intestine meridian

making it more vulnerable to attack, giving us a greater affect from the pressure point. It can also be

used to create a stagnation of energy in one particular meridian to make it more vulnerable. Ie:

attacking the stomach meridian then the lung meridian crates a blockage which pools energy in the

large intestine meridian, making it sensitive to attack.


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Methods of attack

Pressure points are more susceptible to specific types of striking. The angle of direction is paramount,

if you do not overstimulate by pressing the nerve ending or pushing two nerves into each other, you

will not get the effect. The way meridians should be attacked is grouped by the elements.

Fire Slap Slap the pressure point

Metal Vibrate Rub along the meridian

Wood Chop Strike the surface of the pressure point

Earth Penetrate Strike through the pressure point

Water Grasp Press the pressure point

Stances

Our energy is affected by the way we are grounded to the earth. It changes with the way we stand, sit

or lay on the ground. Here are the stances that are most effective against specific meridians:

Cat stance Metal

Sitting stance (toes out) Earth

Neutral stance Heart and small intestine meridians

X stance Water

Walking Stance Pericardium and triple warmer meridians

Sitting stance (toes in) Wood


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METAL, YIN, 11 POINTS


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METAL, YANG, 20 POINTS


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EARTH, YANG, 45 POINTS


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EARTH, YIN, 21 POINTS


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FIRE, YIN, 9 POINTS


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FIRE, YANG, 19 POINTS


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WATER, YANG, 67 POINTS


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WATER, YIN, 27 POINTS


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FIRE, YIN, 9 POINTS


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FIRE, YANG, 23 POINTS


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WOOD, YANG, 44 POINTS


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WOOD, YIN, 14 POINTS


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YIN, 24 POINTS


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YANG, 28 POINTS


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Blue belts are required to memorize the following 31 pressure points along with their angle of attack,

their element and polarity.

Each point is named after the meridian it falls on and counted from the start of the meridian, ie. L-1 isthe first point on the lung meridian.

Extraordinary points are pressure points that have been found with new technologies. They have a

completely different naming convention. It is important to remember that they do fall on a meridian

and share the meridiansattributes.

Naming convention for points on the 12 meridians and two vessels:

Lung meridian L

Large intestine meridian LI

Stomach meridian ST

Spleen meridian SP

Heart meridian H

Small intestine meridian SI

Bladder meridian B

Kidney meridian K

Pericardium meridian P

Triple Warmer meridian TW

Gall bladder meridian GB

Liver meridian LV

Conception vessel CV

Governing vessel GV


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Location:

Radial on the anterior of the forearm, just below the crease of the elbow

Method of Attack:Strike scooping towards the hand

Effect:

Head comes forwards and knees buckle

Element/Polarity:

Metal/Yin


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Location:

Radial on the anterior of the forearm, halfway between the elbow and the wrist

Method of Attack:Strike towards the hand

Effect:

Releases the grip of all fingers less the index finger, which tightens

Element/Polarity

Metal/Yin


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Location:

Radial on the anterior of the forearm, just before the end of the radius bone

Method of Attack:Press, rub or strike in towards the radial bone and hand

Effect:

Weakens the hand

Element/Polarity:

Metal/Yin


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Location:

Ulnar on the anterior of the forearm, just below the crease of the wrist

Method of Attack:Press in towards the posterior of the radius on a 45 degree angle

Effect:

Releases the wrist

Element/Polarity:

Fire/Yin


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Location:

This extra ordinary point lies on the heart meridian, it is found ulnar on the anterior ofthe forearm, halfway between the wrist and the elbow

Method of Attack:

Strike this point up and in against the ulna bone on a 45 degree angle

Effect:

Release the wrist

Element/Polarity:

Fire/Yin


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Location:

Radial of the posterior of the forearm, before the bend in the elbow

Method of Attack:Strike or press in and towards the hand

Effect:

Causes the head to come forward and the arm to go numb, motor nerve point

Element/Polarity:

Metal/Yang


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Location:

About an inch above the elbow on the back of the arm

Method of Attack:Rub this point up and down along the arm

Effect:

Causes pain and the immediate relaxation of the shoulder and elbow

Element/Polarity:

Fire/Yang


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Location:

Found on the middle of the triceps

Method of Attack:Strike against the bone

Effect:

Releases the shoulder

Element/Polarity:

Fire/Yang


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Location:

On the inside of the thigh in the inguinal crease

Method of Attack:Strike in and downwards on a 45 degree angle

Effect:

Causes the body to bend forward

Element/Polarity:

Wood/Yin, Earth/Yin


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Location:

Where the middle finger reaches on the outside of the thigh with relaxed shoulders

Method of Attack:Strike straight through to the inside of the thigh

Effect:

Causes the leg to cramp and the body to drop

Element/Polarity:

Wood/Yang


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Location:

Found on the middle of the inner thigh, halfway between the knee and the groin

Method of Attack:Strike in a line that would penetrate through the outside of the thigh

Effect:

Causes the leg to buckle

Element/Polarity:

Earth/Yin


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Location:

About 2 inches above the top inside corner of the kneecap

Method of Attack:This point is struck diagonally to the bottom outside corner of the knee

Effect:

Knocks the opponent down, a hard enough strike will dislocate the knee

Element/Polarity:

Earth/Yin


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Location:

Two inches below the kneecap on the inner aspect of the knee

Method of Attack:Strike diagonally upward through to the opposite corner of the kneecap

Effect:

Will knock the opponent to the ground, or dislocate the knee with enough force

Element/Polarity:

Earth/Yin


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Location:

Three inches above the kneecap on the outside of the thigh

Method of Attack:Strike downward to the opposite corner of the kneecap

Effect:


Element/Polarity:

Earth/Yang


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Location:

This extraordinary point lies on the stomach meridian, three inches below the knee onthe outside of the shin

Method of Attack:

Strike diagonally upwards to the opposite corner of the kneecap

Effect:


Element/Polarity:

Earth/Yang


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Location:

Three inches above the prominent bone on the inside of the ankle

Method of Attack:Press or strike through and upwards

Effect:

Collapses the ankle

Element/Polarity:

Earth/Yin


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Location:

Located in the depression where the fourth and fifth metatarsal meet the ankle

Method of Attack:Press or strike down and twisting to the outside of the foot

Effect:

Causes pain

Element/Polarity:

Wood/Yang


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Location:

Behind the collar-bone directly above the nipple

Method of Attack:Press downwards behind the collar-bone

Effect:

Causes pain and collapses the legs

Element/Polarity:

Earth/Yang


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Location:

Where the chest and shoulder meet, halfway between the armpit and the top of theshoulder

Method of Attack:

Strike down and inwards

Effect:

Disrupts the respiratory system

Element/Polarity:

Metal/Yin


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Location:

Directly on the opponents side, found in the seventh intercostal space

Method of Attack:Strike through to the opposite side of the body

Effect:

Causes the body to bend sideways and intense pain

Element/Polarity:

Earth/Yin


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Location:

Found on the costal cartilage between the sixth and eighth rib

Method of Attack:Strike diagonally upwards into the ribs

Effect:

Causes the body to bend forward

Element/Polarity:

Wood/Yin, Wood/Yang


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Location:

At the end of the eleventh rib

Method of Attack:Strike diagonally upwards to the opposite shoulder

Effect:

Causes the knees to bend and the body to bend forwards

Element/Polarity:

Wood/Yin


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Location:

Found one to four inches below the belly button

Method of Attack:Strike either diagonally upwards or downwards

Effect:

Folds and incapacitates the opponent

Element/Polarity:

Yin


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Location:

Found on the depression between the end of the nose and the upper lip

Method of Attack:Rub laterally

Effect:

Causes intense pain

Element/Polarity:

Yang


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Location:

This point is found on the outside edge of the eyebrow in the depression of the temple

Method of Attack:Strike this point from the side to the opponents front

Effect:

Causes dizziness and will break the orbital bone

Element/Polarity:

Fire/Yang


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Location:

An area from one inch above the centreline of the eyebrow, to the hairline to one inchtowards the opponents side

Method of Attack:

Strike with a palm twisting to the outside

Effect:

Causes motor impairment, disorientation or unconsciousness.

Element/Polarity:

Wood/Yang


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Location:

Found by tracing a line from the outside edge of the eye down to the bottom of the jaw

Method of Attack:Strike towards the opposite corner at the back of the head, spinning through to theoutside

Effect:

Causing disorientation, loss of motor control or loss of consciousness

Element/Polarity:

Earth/Yang


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Location:

Behind the jaw in the depression below the ear

Method of Attack:Strike or press towards the opposite corner towards the face

Effect:

Causes pain and releases the neck

Element/Polarity:

Fire/Yang


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Location:

Found centred of the side of the neck

Method of Attack:Strike through and towards the front of the body

Effect:

Causes intense pain

Element/Polarity:

Fire/Yang


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Location:

Where the neck rises from the body, in the hollow where the two muscles meet

Method of Attack:Strike diagonally downwards

Effect:

Weakens the legs and causes uncontrollable coughing

Element/Polarity:

Metal/Yang


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Location:

Found directly below the ear on the side of the neck

Method of Attack:Strike or press to the opposite bilateral pair

Effect:

Causes pain and releases the neck

Element/Polarity:

Metal/Yang


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Pinan Kata

The Pinan katas are a series of five empty hand forms taught in many martial art styles as a foundation to

more advanced forms. The Pinan katas originated in Okinawa and were developed by Anko Itosu, who

introduced Karate into the Okinawan education system in 1901. Pinan means peaceful mind. When

Gichin Funakoshi brought karate to Japan, he renamed the kata to Heian, which is the Japanese

pronunciation.

In certain styles Pinan Shodan and Pinan Nidan are inverted believing Pinan Nidan to be the easier, more

beginner-friendly kata.

The five Pinan kata are:

Pinan Shodan

Pinan Nidan

Pinan Sandan

Pinan Yondan

Pinan Godan

*Shodan means first level, Nidan means second level and so on.

AnkoItosu


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Hands slide down, toes slideoutwards

Opening:

Feet together, big toestouching

Left hand over right, lining upTW-4 with H-8

Fingertips lined up, thumbstucked into side of hands

Hands retract


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1:

Turn left 90, Cat StanceReverse Middle Block

Press fists to waist level withdynamic tension

2a:Step forwards, feet together

Right hand Middle Block, lefthand Low Block


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3:

Turn right 180, Cat StanceReverse Middle Block

2b:

Left hand Middle Block, righthand Low Block

4a:Left hand Middle Block, righthand Low Block


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5:

Turn left 90, Cat StanceReverse Middle Block

4b:

Right hand Middle Block, lefthand Low Block

6:Step forward, WalkingStance

Fingertip Middle StraightThrust


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7b:

Turn left 180, Sitting StanceHammer-fist Side Strike

7a:

Shift into Rooted Stance

Right hand Parry

8:Step forward, WalkingStance

Middle Punch, Kiai


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10:

Right foot steps forward,Sitting Stance

Superman Block

9:

Turn left 180, left foot movesin, feet together

Superman Block

11:Hammer-fist Side Strike


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13:

Left foot steps forward,Sitting Stance

Superman Block

12:

Superman Block



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16:

Right foot steps forward,Sitting Stance

Superman Block

15:

Superman Block



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19:

Left leg step forwards,Walking Stance

Middle Punch, Kiai

18:

Superman Block

20a:Right leg steps forwards andacross

Hands retract


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22:

Left hand Hooking Punch

21b:

Turn left 180, feet shoulderwidth apart

Right hand Hooking Punch

Closing:Feet together, big toestouching

Left hand over right, lining upTW-4 with H-8

Fingertips lined up, thumbstucked into side of hands


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Hands slide down, toes slideoutwards


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From an across hand grab Middle block to release the grab

Bunkai, or pattern interpretation, is an essential part of traditional martial arts. It is the creation

of self-defence techniques and drills from the movements we practice. Some schools have rigid

explanations behind the techniques, others are flexible and promote the creation of new

techniques. The number of techniques that can be derived from a pattern are all but limitless.

Following the principles of Hapkido Students are encouraged to apply the mechanics they have

learned to develop their own interpretations. Interpretations are only limited by ones ability,

preferences and effectiveness. Blue belts are required to produce Bunkai from the first twoPinan Kata: Pinan Shodan and Pinan Nidan.

Below is an example of Bunkai from the first two movements of Pinan Sandan:

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