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VIVEKANANDA LAW SCHOOL11th January 2010

LL.B. (X SEM. STUDENTS) REG. INTERNSHIP

Students of X Sem. are required to do Internship with any Advocate having aminimum 5 years experience at Bar/ Reputed Law Firm/ Judge of High Court /Supreme Court for a period of three months during the period January 2010 to April2010 and maintain a Dairy containing detailed day-wise record of the work done bythe student. The Dairy shall be evaluated by the Board of Examiners including anExternal Examiner.

Guidelines

Get Internship with any Delhi based Advocate/Law Firm etc. as stated above

and inform VLS, on a plain paper within a week thereafter. In case ofInternship under an Advocate, mention his/ her full name, address, registrationno. and telephone nos.

Purchase a Dairy (preferably without dates to avoid any confusion) of sizeapprox. 24 cms. X 18 cms.

Students who intend to intern under an Advocate are required to attend Courtcases for atleast 45 days during the period of Internship and record the workdone in the diary in their own handwriting legibly and write specifically indistinct paras:

Brief facts of the Case

Name and particulars of the Court. Date of hearing and the purpose for listing on that date.. Legal issues arising in the Case. Proceedings on the date of hearing. Next date of hearing. Your observations about the proceedings, if any.

Students who intend to intern with a Law firm, are required to write their ownwell-researched opinion (not less than 5 pages each) on atleast 20 topics/issues/

problems assigned to them by the firm. Prepare Index of Contents of the Court Diary (Day wise).

Upon conclusion of Internship get an appropriate certificate from the personwith whom you are associated. This certificate shall be a part of your CourtDairy for submission.

For any clarification and guidance, contact undersigned or Ms. MonikaSrivastava.

Last date for final submission of Court Diary after getting it dulyapproved from Ms. Monika Srivastava/ undersigned is Friday, 30 th April,2010.

Court Diary is to be submitted in the office to Ms. Anamica, VIPS. Keep a photocopy of the Court Diary for your own records during Viva-Voce

questions are mostly asked from the contents of the Court Diary.


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Prof. N.S. BawaDirector

VIVEKANANDA LAW SCHOOL

11th

January 2010

LL.B. X SEM. STUDENTS REG. DISSERTATION

Students of X Semester are required to write a well researchedDissertation on any approved topic and submit the same for evaluation bya Board of Examiners which also include an External Examiner. A briefsynopsis (about 8-10 pages) of the proposed topic must be submitted by

Friday, 22nd

January 2010 which will be considered by a Panel of Expertsfor approval. Those students who have submitted synopsis of the topic inthe last semester need to re-submit after making requisite changes. Theapproved list of topics allocated to the student alongwith the names ofSupervisors will be displayed on the Notice Board after one week.

GUIDELINES: The dissertation must comprise 120 + pages (excluding

preface, index, list of cases, references, annexure etc.)

The format of Dissertation, quoting of cases & footnotes asgiven in the guidelines (which are available on the websitewww.vips.edu) is to be strictly followed.

The breakup of the marks is: 65 marks for written work, 10marks for attendance and 25 marks for viva. As regards 10marks for attendance, one mark will be awarded for everyattendance recorded by the Supervisor. The students shouldenquire from their respective Supervisors the days on whichthey will be available for guidance to the student.
http://www.vips.edu/http://www.vips.edu/


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Dissertation complete in all respects, duly approved andsigned by the Supervisor must be submitted to theSupervisor on or before Friday, 23rd April, 2010

Prof. N.S. BawaDirector

DISSERTATIONFORMATS K Kaushik OBJECTIVES OF KNOWING THEFORMAT:1. MEETING THE STANDARD REQUIREMENTS2. UNIFORMITY3. CLARITY4. PRESENTABILITYS K Kaushik 2

SEQUENCE OF PAGES SHALL BE IN THEFOLLOWING ORDER:


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1. TITLE2. CERTIFICATE3. DEDICATION (NOT MANDATORY)

4. PREFACE5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT6. TABLE OF CONTENTS7. ABBREVIATIONS8. TABLE OF CASES9. MAIN TEXT10.REFERENCES

11.APPENDIXPlease refer to the samples provided hereunder.Please note- That you do not just copy these samples tocomplete your work. That samples should in no way limit yourcreativity in

writing.S K Kaushik 3


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SEQUENCE OF PAGES SHALL BE IN THEFOLLOWING ORDER:1. TITLE

2. CERTIFICATE3. DEDICATION (NOT MANDATORY)4. PREFACE5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT6. TABLE OF CONTENTS7. ABBREVIATIONS8. TABLE OF CASES

9. MAIN TEXT10.REFERENCES11.APPENDIXPlease refer to the samples provided hereunder.Please note- That you do not just copy these samples tocomplete your work.

That samples should in no way limit yourcreativity inwriting.

S K Kaushik 3


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SEQUENCE OF PAGES SHALL BE IN THEFOLLOWING ORDER:1. TITLE2. CERTIFICATE3. DEDICATION (NOT MANDATORY)4. PREFACE5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT6. TABLE OF CONTENTS7. ABBREVIATIONS8. TABLE OF CASES9. MAIN TEXT10.REFERENCES11.APPENDIXPlease refer to the samples provided hereunder.Please note- That you do not just copy these samples tocomplete your work. That samples should in no way limit yourcreativity inwriting.S K Kaushik 3


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ToMy ParentsS K Kaushik 6

PREFACE

Historically speaking the whole criminal justice systemis criminal oriented.

This study attempts to highlight..

The present study further attempts to analyze..In the light of the Convention Against Torture thelegislative approach shouldtake a shift.thus it is attempted to suggest that.Chapter I traces theChapter II deals with ...

Chapter VII attempts.S K Kaushik 7


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSI would like to acknowledge the able guidance of ouresteemed director Prof. N S Bawa..This work is an outcome of an unparallel infrastructuralsupport that I have receivedfrom Vivekananda Law School..

I find this opportunity to thank the library staff of theIndian Law InstituteIt would never have been possible to complete thisstudy without an untiring supportfrom my family.This study bears testimony to the active encouragementand guidance of a host offriends and well-wishers.In particular mention must be made of..S K Kaushik 8


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CONTENTSPREFACE ivACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vTABLE OF CONTENTS viABBREVIATIONS viiTABLE OF CASES ix

I. INTRODUCTION 1II. CONCEPT OF CRIME 7III. 28IV. 53V. 124VI. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 152REFRENCES 170APPENDIX I 182S K Kaushik 9

APPENDIX II 194


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ABBREVIATIONSAIR All India ReportsCr LJ Criminal Law JournalDLT Delhi Law TimesSCC Supreme Court CasesWLR Weekly Law Reports

Please note-That abbreviations are in alphabetical order.That you do not invent your own abbreviationfor any

journal/reporter .That abbreviation to be used for a particular

journal/reporter is

mentioned in that journal/reporter itself.S K Kaushik 10


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TABLE OF CASESCactus v Blueberry27Rose v Lilly35, 47Rahu v Ketu 14, 33, 94Sane v Insane 104Please note-That table of cases is in alphabetical order.That name of parties is in italics.That small v in italics (v) is used to indicateversus and no full stopis used with that.That all the pages in sequence on which a caseis mentioned areindicated against the name of the case.That the name of a case can be written invarious other ways also.

That if you use any other way you should beconsistent in your use.S K Kaushik 11


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MAIN TEXT

M i t Main text begins with the chapter numberi.e. one, andchapter name e.g. INTRODUCTIONChapter number and chapter name can bewritten in various ways e.g.CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTIONCHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Chapter 1INTRODUCTIONPlease note-That you should be consistent in your style ofwriting the chapternumber and chapter name.The first page of first chapter is the first page

numbered inS K Kaushik 12

international numerals.


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THINGS TO REMEMBER ABOUT MAIN TEXTPaper sizeInternational standard paper size A4 (297 x 210mm).Typing

On one side of the paper only.MarginsTop 1.0, Bottom 1.0, Left 1.5, Right 1.0.Line spacing1.5Character spacingNormal.

FontTimes New Roman or any other non fancy font.Font sizeS K Kaushik 13

12 for main text; 10 for foot notes.


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Page numberPages should be numbered clearly and

consecutively.Numbering should be done uniformly throughoutthe work.Diagrams/ charts

These should be arranged so as to open to theright.Landscape chart/ figures

Figures should appear at the bottom/ right handside of the chart.S K Kaushik 14

Please note-That larger size may be used for chapter

headings and sub headings.That your chapter headings, sub headings andsub sub headingsshould be clearly distinguishable from eachother.That to distinguish chapter headings from subheadings and sub sub


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headings any consistent scheme may beadopted.For example chapter headings may be made

both larger and bold whereassub headings may be made larger but not bold. Ifthere are sub subheadings they may be italicized without makingthem either large or bold-Chapter II: Theories of Crime (chapterheading)

Theory of Differential Association (sub heading)Criticism of the theory of Differential Association (sub subheading)

Or, chapter headings may be made larger in allcaps, sub headings inbold and sub sub headings in italics-CHAPTER II: THEORIES OF CRIME (CHAPTERHEADING)

2.1 Theory of Differential Association (subheading)2 1 1 C iti i f Diff ti l A i ti ( b b h di )S K Kaushik 15

2.1.1 Criticism of Differential Association sub subheading)FOOT NOTES

Objective of writing footnotes is inter alia :To acknowledge the work of other authorsthat you havereferred to.To provide additional information aboutyour work.To maintain the flow of main text by

removing certain things


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from there and putting them in thefootnotes.S K Kaushik 16

FOOT NOTESFontSame as the main text.Font size

10 points.Line spacingSingle.NumberingNumbering should start afresh in each chapter.Should be consecutive within the chapter.S K Kaushik 17


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Foot noting of single author single volumebooks:Avtar Singh, Company Law, Eastern Book

Company, 2004, p.23.Please note-That there is a sequence of information that isprovided in such afootnote.That firstly there is the name of the author, thenthe name of the

book, then the name of the publisher, then yearof publication, andlastly the page number you are referring to.That every piece of information is separated bya comma.That the name of the book is in italics.Footnoting of multi volume books:

Avtar Singh, Company Law, Eastern BookCompany, 2004, vol. II, p.23.Please note-That everything remains the same as in singlevolume book except thatthe volume number is added after the year ofpublication.

That volume number is indicated in Romannumeral.S K Kaushik 18


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Footnoting of two author books:Avtar Singh and Paras Diwan, Company Law,Eastern Book Company,

2004, p.23.Please note-That everything remains the same as in singleauthor book exceptthat the name of the second author is addedafter the name of thefirst author.

That the word and is used between the namesof the two authors.Footnoting of multi author books:Avtar Singh et al., Company Law, Eastern BookCompany, 2004, p.23.Please note-That when there are three or more authors of a

book there is noneed to write the name of all of them.That when there are three or more authors of abook everythingremains the same as in single author bookexcept that the expressionet al. is used after the name of the first author.

That some writers prefer to use the expressionet al. only when theref thS K Kaushik 19

are four or more authors.


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Footnoting of an article published in ajournal:David Gower, Rights of the Shareholders, 27

JILI, 2004, p.39.Please note-That footnoting an article is different from

footnoting a book.That in case of an article the sequence ofinformation and the mannerof providing that information is different.That firstly there appears the name of the writerof the article, then thetitle of the article, then the number of the journal

along with theabbreviated name of the journal, then the year ofpublication of the

journal, and lastly the page number referred.That every piece of information is separated bya comma.That the title of the article is put within inverted

commas.That the number and the abbreviated name ofthe journal is notseparated by a comma.That the abbreviated name of the journal is initalics.That the abbreviated name of the journal issame as provided by the

journal itself.


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S K Kaushik 20

Footnoting of second hand quotations:Avtar Singh, Company Law, Eastern BookCompany, 2004, p.23 cited in

David Gower, Rights of the Shareholders, 27JILI, 2004, p.39.Please note-That there are cases when material at hand(referring source) makesa reference to some other material (referredmaterial), such as a book

cited in another book or an article mentioninganother article or anarticle mentioned in a book or a book mentionedin an article etc.That if one is referring to what is referredwithout confirming that inoriginal, then what is referred (referred material)

and inwhich that is referred (referring source), bothshould be footnoted.That referred material should come first andreferring source shouldcome next.That referred material and the referring source

should be separated


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by the expression cited in.S K Kaushik 21

Use of ibid.Ibid. This expression commonly refers to samework at same place.For example, if footnote number 7 is:7. Avtar Singh, Company Law, Eastern BookCompany, 2004, p.23.

and in immediately succeeding footnote, i.e.number 8, same page ofsame book is referred again, then there is noneed to repeat thewhole footnote. Writing ibid. in footnote number8 shall suffice.

Thus, footnote sequence shall appear as-

7. Avtar Singh, Company Law, Eastern BookCompany, 2004, p.23.8. Ibid.S K Kaushik 22


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Use of id.Id. This expression is commonly used when inconsecutive footnotes

referred work remains the same but its pagenumber changes.For example if footnote number 7 is:7. Avtar Singh, Company Law, Eastern BookCompany, 2004, p.23.and in immediately succeeding footnote, i.e.number 8, page 79 of the

same book is referred, then there is no need towrite the whole footnoteagain. Writing id. with the changed page numbershall suffice.

Thus, footnote sequence shall appear as-7. Avtar Singh, Company Law, Eastern BookCompany, 2004, p.23.

8. Id. at p.79.Please note-That the use of ibid. or id. is meaningful only insuccessive footnotes.That if the sequence of footnote breaks theninstead of ibid. or id.expression supra is used.S K Kaushik 23


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Use of supraExpression supra refers to an earlier but notimmediately preceding

footnote.For example if footnote number 7 is:7. Avtar Singh, Company Law, Eastern BookCompany, 2004, p.23.and footnote number 8 is:8. David Gower, Rights of the Shareholders, 27

JILI, 2004, p.39.

Now, if in footnote number 9 the same page ofthe same book asreferred in footnote number 7 is required to bereferred, the expressionibid. cannot be used. Instead, expression suprashall be used.

Thus, footnote sequence shall appear as-

7. Avtar Singh, Company Law, Eastern BookCompany, 2004, p.23.8. David Gower, Rights of the Shareholders, 27

JILI, 2004, p.39.9. Supra 7.S K Kaushik 24

And, if in footnote number 9 a different page ofthe same book asreferred in footnote number 7 is required to bereferred, footnotesequence shall appear as-7. Avtar Singh, Company Law, Eastern Book

Company, 2004, p.23.


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8. David Gower, Rights of the Shareholders, 27JILI, 2004, p.39.9. Supra 7 at p. 79.S K Kaushik 25

REFERENCESShould contain all those works that youhave consulted.Should be arranged alphabetically.May be divided into various parts. E.g.Books/ articles/ conventions.Indian material/ foreign material.Primary source/ secondary source.Last name comes before the first name. e.g.Singh, Avtar, Company Law, Eastern BookCompany, 2004.Page numbers of the books referred neednot be mentioned inreferences.S K Kaushik 26

APPENDIX ICONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE, 1984XXXXXXXXXXXXS K Kaushik 27


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APPENDIX IIINTERNATIONAL FUND FOR THE VICTIMS OFWAR CRIMESXXXXXXXXXXXXS K Kaushik 28

Please ensure-That before submitting even the first draft tothe supervisor all thespellings, grammar, punctuation etc. are checkedthoroughly.That at least four copies of the work areprepared.That you are carrying the dissertation with youon the day ofviva voce examination.

That your work is original in all respects.S K Kaushik 29

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