Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd.
(Change in Technology)
AT
Hindadih Village, Masturi Tehsil
Bilaspur District, Chhattisgarh
Capacity of Coal
Washery EC obtained Change in technology
2.4 MTPA (Dry type) E.C. accorded in 24th
June 2008 2.4 MTPA (Dry type) to 2.4 MTPA (Wet Type)
1.2 MTPA (Wet Type) E.C. accorded in 21st
May 2014 No change
Total Permitted Capacity of Coal Washery : 3.6 MTPA
Final
Environmental Impact Assessment
Report [Based on TOR letter vide No.J-11015/364/2009-IA-II (M) dated 11th February 2016 &
29th March 2019 (TOR validity extension]
May 2019
Prepared by
6-3-652, Flat # 7-3, Dhruvatara Apartments, Amrutha Estates, Erramanjil, Somajiguda, Hyderabad- 82 Ph.No. : 040-23314270
Accredited by
DECLARATION
Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA report for the proposed change in technology in the
existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type Coal Washery by
M/s. Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. at Village Hindadih, Tehsil Masturi, District
Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. We, hereby, certify that we were part of the EIA team in the following
capacity that developed the above EIA.
EIA Coordinator : Coal Washery
Name : Mr. Y. Maheshwara Reddy
Signature : Date 01/12/2015
DECLARATION BY FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERTS INVOLVED IN THE PREPARATION OF EIA REPORT
S.No. Functional Areas
Name of the Experts Involvement (Period)
Signature
1. AP Mr. Y. Maheshwara Reddy Dec. 2015 to till date
2. WP Mr. Y. Maheshwara Reddy Dec. 2015 to till date
3. SW Mr. Y. Maheshwara Reddy Dec. 2015 to till date
4. SE Dr. Bhaskar S April 2016 to till date
5. EB Prof. Bayyapu Reddy April 2016 to till date
6. HG Mr. V. Tarun Chander April 2016 to till date
7. GEO Mr. V. Tarun Chander April 2016 to till date
8. SC Prof. Bayyapu Reddy April 2016 to till date
9. AQ Mr. Y. Maheshwara Reddy April 2016 to till date
10. NV Mr. Kotaiah B April 2016 to till date
11. LU Dr. Y. Ramamohan April 2016 to till date
12. RH Mr. D.H. Patel April 2016 to till date
S.No. Involved as Name of the person Involvement (Period)
Signature
1. Team Member Mr. Nagarjuna SRD Dec. 2015 to till date
Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization
I, Y. MAHESHWARA REDDY, hereby, confirm that the above-mentioned experts prepared the EIA
for M/s. Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. for their proposed change in technology in
the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type Coal Washery
situated at Village Hindadih, Tehsil Masturi, District Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. I also confirm that I shall
be fully accountable for any misleading information mentioned in this statement.
Signature :
Name : Y. Maheshwara Reddy
Designation : Managing Director
Organization : Pioneer Enviro Laboratories & Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad
NABET Certificate No. : NABET / EIA / 1619 / RA 026
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA Index
1
INDEX
S.No. Contents Page No.
TOR LETTER
TOR COMPLIANCE
Chapter – 1 : Introduction
1.1 Purpose of the Report 1.1
1.2 Identification of Project & Project Proponent 1.1
1.3 Brief Description 1.4
1.3.1 Nature of the Project 1.4
1.3.2 Size of the Project 1.4
1.3.3 Location of the Project 1.4
1.3.4 Importance of Project 1.4
1.4 Scope of the Study 1.7
1.5 Environmental Clearance Process (Category – A Projects) 1.8
Chapter – 2 : Project Description
2.1 Type of Project 2.1
2.2 Need for the Project 2.1
2.3 Location of the Project 2.3
2.3.1 Environmental Setting Within 10 Km. Radius of The Project Site 2.7
2.4 Details of Land 2.8
2.5 Size / Magnitude of Operation 2.12
2.6 Justification of Change in Technology from Dry Type to Wet Type 2.12
2.6.1 Comparative Evaluation of Dry & Wet Process 2.13
2.7 Project Cost 2.14
2.8 Proposed Schedule for Approval and Implementation 2.14
2.9 Technology & Process Description 2.14
2.9.1 Raw Materials (Source of Coal) 2.14
2.9.2 Raw Material Storage and Transport 2.14
2.9.3 Process of Coal Washery 2.16
2.9.4 Characteristics & Quantum of ROM Coal, Washed Coal and Coal Washery Rejects
2.17
2.9.5 Material Balance 2.17
2.10 Environmental Mitigation Measures 2.19
2.10.1 Air Emission Control 2.19
2.10.2 Waste Water Management 2.19
2.10.3 Noise Management 2.20
2.10.4 Solid Waste Management 2.20
2.10.5 Green Belt Development 2.20
2.10.6 Internal Roads 2.21
2.11 Assessment of new & Untested Technology for the Risk of technological Failure
2.21
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment
3.1 Baseline Environmental Status 3.1
3.2 Air Environment 3.1
3.2.1 Meteorology 3.1
3.2.2 Meteorological Data Recorded at Plant Site 3.1
3.2.3 Air Quality 3.5
3.2.3.1 Selection of Sampling Stations 3.5
3.2.3.2 Parameters Monitored 3.5
3.2.3.3 Sampling & Analytical Techniques Instruments Used for Sampling 3.6
3.2.4 Interpretation of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 3.12
3.3 Noise Environment 3.13
3.3.1 Reconnaissance 3.14
3.3.1.1 Background Noise 3.14
3.3.1.2 Sources of Noise 3.14
3.3.2 Community Noise 3.15
3.3.2.1 Occupational Exposure 3.15
3.3.3 Methodology Adopted for Noise Level Observation 3.16
3.3.4 Noise Level Observations in the Study Area 3.17
3.3.5 Interpretation of Noise Level Monitoring 3.18
3.4 Water Quality Impacts 3.19
3.4.1 Surface Water Quality 3.19
3.4.1.1 Interpretation of Surface Water Analysis 3.21
3.4.2 Ground Water Quality Analysis 3.21
3.4.2.1 Interpretation of Ground Water Analysis 3.32
3.5 Land Environment 3.32
3.5.1 Hydrogeology of The Study Area 3.32
3.5.2 Mineral Reserves 3.35
3.5.3 Seismic Effect 3.35
3.5.4 Land Use Pattern 3.36
3.5.5 Soil Environment 3.39
3.6 Biological Environment 3.43
3.7 Social Impact Assessment Study 3.50
3.7.1 Objective 3.51
3.7.2 Scope 3.51
3.7.3 Approach & Methodology 3.51
3.7.4 Socio Economic Study Area 3.53
3.7.5 Project Impact Zones 3.53
3.7.6 Baseline Data and Analysis of Surveyed Villages 3.55
3.7.6.1 Desktop Review / Research 3.55
3.7.6.2 Field Survey 3.56
3.7.6.3 Data Analysis & its Interpretation 3.57
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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CHAPTER – 4 : Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures
4.1 Introduction 4.1
4.2 Air Environment 4.1
4.2.1 Impact on Topography and Climate 4.2
4.2.1.1 Impact on Topography 4.2
4.2.1.2 Impact on Climate 4.2
4.2.2 Predictions of Impact on Air Environment 4.2
4.2.3 Sources of Air Emissions 4.3
4.3 Prediction of Impacts on Water Environment 4.9
4.3.1 Water Requirement 4.9
4.3.2 Wastewater Generation 4.10
4.3.3 Impact on Lilagarh River 4.11
4.4 Prediction of Impacts due to Noise 4.12
4.4.1 Prediction of Impact Due to the Proposed Activity 4.12
4.4.2 Prediction of Impacts on Community 4.13
4.4.3 Prediction of Impact on Occupational Health 4.13
4.4.4 Impact on Habitation, Flora & Fauna Due to Noise Levels Due to The Project
4.13
4.5 Prediction of Impacts on Land Environment 4.14
4.5.1 Possible Impact on Groundwater & Mitigation 4.14
4.5.2 Impact on Geology & Mitigation 4.15
4.5.3 Prediction of Impacts on Soil 4.15
4.6 Prediction of Impacts on Flora & Fauna and Agricultural Land 4.16
4.7 Prediction of Impacts due to Vehicular Movement 4.17
4.8 Prediction of Impacts on Socio Economic Environment 4.20
CHAPTER – 5 : Analysis of Alternatives [Technology & Site]
5.1 Alternative Technologies 5.1
5.2 Alternative sites Examined 5.1
CHAPTER – 6 : Environmental Monitoring Programme
6.1 Technical Aspects 6.1
6.1.1 Methodologies 6.1
6.1.2 Frequency & Locations of Environmental Monitoring 6.1
6.1.3 Data Analysis 6.2
6.1.4 Reporting Schedule 6.2
6.1.5 Emergency Procedures 6.3
6.1.6 Detailed Budget & Procurement Schedules 6.3
CHAPTER – 7 : Additional Studies
7.1 Risk Assessment 7.1
7.1.1 Introduction 7.1
7.1.2 Scope of Study 7.1
7.1.3 Fire Protection System 7.2
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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7.1.4 Methodology of MCA Analysis 7.3
7.1.5 Fire & Explosion and Toxicity Index 7.3
7.1.6 Assessment of Risk at M/s. HECBIL 7.4
7.1.6.1 Coal Handling Plant (Dust Explosion) & Coal Storage (Spont. Combustion) 7.4
7.1.7 Risk & Consequence Analysis of Fire 7.5
7.1.7.1 Effective Controls 7.5
7.2 Disaster Management Plan 7.6
7.2.1 Disasters 7.6
7.2.2 Objectives of Disaster Management of Plan 7.6
7.2.3 Emergencies 7.7
7.2.3.1 General, Industrial, Emergencies 7.7
7.2.3.2 Specific Emergencies Anticipated 7.7
7.2.3.3 Emergency Organization 7.8
7.2.3.4 Emergency Communication 7.8
7.2.3.5 Emergency Responsibilities 7.9
7.2.3.5.1 Site Controller 7.9
7.2.3.5.2 Incident Controller 7.10
7.2.3.5.3 Emergency-Coordinator, Rescue, Fire Fighting 7.10
7.2.3.5.4 Emergency-Coordinator, Medical, Mutual Aid, Rehabilitation, Transport and Communication
7.11
7.2.3.5.5 Emergency-Coordinator, Essential Services 7.11
7.2.3.5.6 General Responsibilities of Employees during an Emergency 7.12
7.2.3.6 Emergency Facilities 7.12
7.2.3.6.1 Emergency Control Centre 7.12
7.2.3.6.2 Emergency Power Supply 7.13
7.2.3.6.3 Fire Fighting Facilities 7.13
7.2.3.6.4 Location of Wind Sock 7.13
7.2.3.6.5 Emergency Medical Facilities 7.13
7.2.3.7 Emergency Actions 7.14
7.2.3.7.1 Emergency Warning 7.14
7.2.3.7.2 Emergency Shutdown 7.14
7.2.3.7.3 Evacuation of Personnel 7.14
7.2.3.7.4 All Clear Signal 7.14
7.3 Occupational Health and Surveillance 7.15
7.3.1 Occupational Health 7.15
7.3.2 Construction & Erection 7.15
7.3.3 Operation & Maintenance 7.16
7.3.4 Occupational Health 7.16
7.4 Safety Plan 7.17
7.4.1 Safety Organization 7.19
7.4.1.1 Construction and Erection Phase 7.19
7.4.1.2 Operation & Maintenance Phase 7.19
7.4.1.3 Safety Circle 7.19
7.4.2 Safety Training 7.19
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7.4.3 Health and Safety Monitoring Plan 7.20
7.5 R & R Action Plan 7.20
CHAPTER – 8 : Project Benefit
8.1 Physical Infrastructure 8.1
8.2 Socio Infrastructure 8.1
8.3 Employment Potential 8.1
8.3.1 Skilled 8.1
8.3.2 Semi-Skilled 8.1
8.3.3 Unskilled 8.1
8.4 Other tangible Benefits 8.1
8.5 Socio-Economic Developmental Activities Proposed 8.2
CHAPTER – 9 : Environmental Cost Benefits
9.1 Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis 9.1
CHAPTER – 10 : Environmental Management Plan
10.1 Introduction 10.1
10.2 Management during Construction phase 10.2
10.2.1 Site Preparation 10.2
10.2.2 Water Supply 10.2
10.2.3 Noise 10.2
10.2.4 Maintenance of Vehicles 10.3
10.2.5 Waste 10.3
10.2.6 Storage of Hazardous Material 10.3
10.2.7 Land Environment 10.3
10.3 Post Construction Phase 10.3
10.3.1 Air Emission Management 10.3
10.3.1.1 Fugitive Emissions 10.4
10.3.1.2 Dust Suppression System 10.4
10.3.1.3 Internal Roads 10.5
10.3.1.4 Compliance on CREP Recommendations 10.5
10.3.2 Wastewater Management Plan to Mitigate the Adverse Impacts Due to Project
10.6
10.3.3 Solid Waste Management 10.8
10.3.4 Noise Level Management 10.9
10.3.5 Land Environment 10.9
10.3.6 Measures for Improvement of Ecology 10.10
10.3.6.1 Green Belt Development 10.11
10.3.7 Rainwater Harvesting 10.13
10.4 Post Project Monitoring Strategy 10.15
10.5 Cost for Environmental Protection 10.16
10.6 Corporate Environment Policy 10.17
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CHAPTER – 11 : Summary
11.1 Introduction 11.1
11.2 Details About the Project 11.2
11.3 Brief Description of Process 11.3
11.4 Conclusion 11.3
CHAPTER – 12 : Disclosure of Consultant 12.1
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
TOR Compliance 1
Compliance made on TOR issued by MoEF&CC, New Delhi vide letter no. J-11015/364/2009-IA-II (M) dated 11th February 2016 &
29th March 2019 (TOR Validity Extension) for Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd.
Specific TORs
TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance
i. Detailed study on the impact of Ground water withdrawal on ground water due to washery use
• Water required for the proposed change in technology will be sourced from Lilagarh river (Bhawradih Anicut).
• No Ground water will be used for proposed change in technology.
• Kindly refer to Appendix - 1 for Hydrogeological study report.
ii. Detailed ground water availability study • Water required for the proposed change in technology will be sourced from Lilagarh river (Bhawradih Anicut).
• No Ground water will be used for proposed change in technology.
• Kindly refer to Appendix - 1 for Hydrogeological study report.
iii. Coal transport by closed / covered belt conveyors to and from the new railway siding as per previous EC
• Present proposal is only change in technology in the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery.
• There is no increase is in the production capacity. Hence there will not be any increase in the existing vehicular load due to the present proposal.
• Also, as per previous EC, condition of coal transport by closed / covered belt conveyors to and from the new railway siding is not applicable to us.
iv. Zero water discharge from washery Closed loop water system is being followed in the existing and after change in technology also same will be followed.
v. MoU with TPP for use of washery rejects Kindly refer to Appendix - 2
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
TOR Compliance 2
TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance
vi. Reasons for changing the washery technology from Dry to Wet process Kindly refer to page no. 2.12 of Chapter 2 of EIA report.
vii. Certified copy of compliance report to the earlier EC conditions from MoEF&CC, Regional Office, Nagpur
Kindy refer to Appendix - 3
Generic TOR for Coal Washery
TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance
i. Siting of washery is critical considering to its environmental impacts. Preference should be given to the site located at pit head; in case such a site is not available, the site should be as close to the pit head as possible and coal should be transported from mine to the washery preferably through closed conveyer belt to avoid air pollution.
• Kindly refer to page no. 5.1 of Chapter 5 of EIA report.
• HECBIL is an existing coal washery plant at Village Hindadih, Tehsil Masturi, District Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh.
• Present proposal is only change in technology in the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery.
• Present proposal of change in technology will be carried out in the existing plant premises. Hence no alternatives have been considered.
• No additional land is envisaged for the present proposal.
• ROM Coal is being transported from SECL mine by Road to the washery in covered trucks and from the washery, washed coal is being transported in covered trucks directly to the customers and for distant consumers washed coal is being transported by rail from the own railway siding, available at Gatora (20 Kms. from the plant).
• All requisite environment protection measures such as dust suppression system, use of covered trucks for transport of raw & washed coals, development of greenbelt in the plant site as per CPCB norms, adoption of
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
TOR Compliance 3
TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance
zero liquid effluent discharge, etc. is being practiced and same will be continued in the present proposal also.
ii. The washery shall not be located in eco-sensitive zones areas. Existing coal washery is not located in the Eco-sensitive areas, kindly refer to page no. 2.7 of Chapter 2 of EIA report for Environmental Setting within 10 Kms. radius of the plant site.
iii. The washery should have a closed system and zero discharge. The storm drainage should be treated in settling ponds before discharging into rivers/streams/water bodies
Kindly refer to page no. 10.6 of Chapter 10 of EIA report for Waste water management plan.
iv. A thick Green belt of about 50 m width should be developed surrounding the washery.
• HECBIL is existing coal washery plant, located in a 27.42 acres of land.
• Present proposal of change in technology will be taken up in the existing plant.
• No additional land is envisaged.
• Greenbelt of 9.1 acres has been developed in the existing plant.
• 10 m wide greenbelt has already been developed surrounding the washery.
Hence greenbelt of 50 m width surrounding the washery is not possible. Kindly refer to page no. 10.13 of Chapter 10 of EIA report for Greenbelt development plan.
v. A brief description of the plant along with a layout, the specific technology used and the source of coal should be provided.
Kindly refer to page no. 2.14 – 2.17 of Chapter 2 of EIA report for description technology used and source of coal. Kindly refer to page no. 2.11 of Chapter 2 of EIA report for plant layout.
vi. The EIA-EMP Report should cover the impacts and management plan for the project of the capacity for which EC is sought and the impacts of specific activities, including the technology used and coal used, on the
Kindly refer to Chapter 10 of EIA report for Environment Management Plan.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
TOR Compliance 4
TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance
environment of the area (within 10km radius), and the environmental quality of air, water, land, biotic community, etc. through collection of data and information, generation of data on impacts for the rated capacity. Cumulative impacts for air and water should be a part of EIA in case coal mine, TPP and other washeries are located within 10km radius. The EIA should also include mitigative measures needed to minimize adverse environmental impacts.
Kindly refer to page no. 2.14 of Chapter 2 of EIA report for technology used. Kindly refer to Chapter 3 of EIA report for Baseline data on Air, Water (Ground & Surface), Soil, Noise & Biological Environment.
vii. A Study Area Map of the core zone as well as the 10km area of buffer zone showing major industries / mines and other polluting sources should be submitted. These maps shall also indicate the migratory corridors of fauna, if any and areas of endangered fauna; plants of medicinal and economic importance; any ecologically sensitive areas within the 10 km buffer zone; the shortest distance from the National Park/WL Sanctuary Tiger Reserve, etc. along with the comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State Government
Kindly refer to Appendix – 4 for Map showing other industries in the core zone and buffer zone.
• Only one major industry i.e. NTPC Thermal Power Plant, Sipat (3.5 Kms.) is present within the 10 Km. radius.
• There are no migratory corridors of fauna, areas where endangered fauna and plants of medicinal and economic importance in the study area.
• There are no National Parks / WL Sanctuary / Bird Sanctuary / Tiger Reserve / Elephant corridor within 15 Km. radius of the plant site.
• The nearest National Park is Guru Ghasidas National Park, Koriya District, Chhattisgarh at 181 Kms. From the plant. The nearest WL Sanctuary is Achankmar WL Sanctuary, Bilaspur district at 44 Kms. from the plant.
• There are no mines within 10 Km. radius of the plant site.
viii. Data of one-season (non-monsoon) primary- base-line data on environmental quality of air (PM10, PM2.5, SOx and NOx, Noise, Water (surface and groundwater), soil be submitted
Kindly refer to Chapter 3 of EIA report for Baseline data on Air, Water (Ground & Surface), Soil, Noise & Biological Environment.
ix. The wet washery should generally utilize mine water only. In case mine water is not available, the option of storage of rain water and its use should be examined. Use of surface water and ground water should be avoided.
• Existing coal washery is not located in the Mine area, hence mine pit water cannot be used.
• Water required for the proposed change in technology will be sourced from Lilagarh river (Bhawradih Anicut).
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
TOR Compliance 5
TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance
• No Ground water will be used for proposed change in technology.
• Rain water storage structure will be constructed in the proposed project and stored water will be utilized for the coal washery.
Kindly refer to page no. 10.13 of Chapter 10 of EIA report for Rain Water Harvesting details
x. Detailed water balance should be provided. The break-up of water requirement as per different activities in the mining operations vis-a-vis washery should be given. If the source of water is from surface water and/or ground water, the same may be justified besides obtaining approval of the Competent Authority for its drawl.
Kindly refer to page no. 4.5 & 4.6 of Chapter 4 of EIA report. Kindly refer to Appendix – 5 (a) for Water Permission for 585 cum/day and Appendix – 5 (b) for Recommendation Letter Water Resources Department, Govt. of Chhattisgarh for additional allocation.
xi. The entire sequence of mineral production, transportation, handling, transfer and storage of mineral and waste, if any, and their impacts on air quality should be shown in a flow chart with specific points where fugitive emissions can arise and specific pollution control/mitigative measures proposed to be put in place. The washed coal and rejects should be transport by train as far as possible. Road transport of washed coal and rejects should generally be avoided. In case, the TPP is within 10km radius, it should be through conveyer belt. If transport by rail is not feasible because of the topography of the area, the option for transport by road be examined in detail and its impacts along with the mitigation measures should be clearly brought out in EIA/EMP report.
Kindly refer to page no. 4.12 of Chapter 4 of EIA report. Kindly refer to page no. 4.18 of Chapter 4 of EIA report for Transportation route Kindly refer to page no. 4.19 of Chapter 4 of EIA report for Traffic Study Kindly refer to Appendix – 6 for Schematic diagram showing emission sources
xii. Details of various facilities proposed to be provided in terms of parking, rest areas, canteen etc. to the personnel involved in mineral transportation, workshop and effluents/pollution load from these activities should be provided.
Kindly refer to page no. 10.2 of Chapter 10 of EIA report.
xiii. Impacts of CHP, if any, on air and water quality should also be spelt out Kindly refer to Chapter 10 of EIA report.
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TOR Compliance 6
TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance
along with Action Plan.
xiv. O.M. no. J-11013/25/2014-IA.1 dated 11th August, 2014 to be followed with regard to CSR activities.
• We do here by confirm that, we will follow the above-mentioned Office Memorandum with regard to CSR activities.
• Year wise funds will be allocated for community welfare works including maintenance of roads on nearby villages/areas and other socio-economic activities.
xv. Details of Public Hearing, Notice(s) issued in newspapers, proceedings / minutes of Public Hearing, points raised by the general public and response/commitments made by the proponent along with the Action Plan and budgetary provisions be submitted in tabular form. If the Public Hearing is in the regional language, an authenticated English translation of the same should be provided. Status of any litigations / court cases filed/pending, if any, against the project should be mentioned in EIA
Kindly refer to Appendix – 11 (a) for Public Hearing proceeding and Appendix – 11 (b) for reply by management for issues raised during Public Hearing along with Action plan and budgetary provision.
xvi. Analysis of samples indicating the following be submitted: Characteristics of coal prior to washing (this includes grade of coal, other characteristics of ash, S and heavy levels of metals such as Hg, As, Pb, Cr etc). Characteristics and quantum of coal after washing. Characteristics and quantum of coal rejects
Kindly refer to Appendix – 7 for Analysis report of Raw Coal, Washed Coal and Rejects. Pertaining to quantum we hereby like to state that about 3600000 Tons/ year of ROM coal will be processed to produce 720000 Tons/ year Washed Coal and 2880000 Tons/ year Rejects.
xvii. Details of management/disposal/use of coal rejects should be provided. The rejects should be used in TPP located close to the washery as far as possible. If TPP is within a reasonable distance (10 km), transportation should be by conveyor belt. If it is far away, the transportation should be by rail as far as possible.
Kindly refer to page no. 10.8 of Chapter 10 of EIA report. Kindly refer to Appendix – 2 for MoU for utilization of washery reject
xviii. Copies of MOU/Agreement with linkages (for stand-alone washery) for the capacity for which EC is being sought should be submitted
Kindly refer to Appendix – 2 for MoU for Washery rejects & Appendix – 8 for MoU for Raw coal
xix. Corporate Environment Responsibility
a) The Company must have a well laid down Environment Policy Kindly refer to page no. 10.17 of Chapter 10 of EIA report for
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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TOR Compliance 7
TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance
approved by the Board of Directors. Corporate Environment Policy of company.
b) The Environment Policy must prescribe for standard operating process / procedures to bring into focus any infringements / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms / conditions.
c) The hierarchical system or Administrative Order of the company to deal with environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance conditions must be furnished.
d) To have proper checks and balances, the company should have a well laid down system of reporting of non-compliances/violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large
xx. A detailed action Plan for Corporate Social Responsibility for the project affected people and people living in and around the project area should be provided
Kindly refer to page no.8.2 of Chapter 8 of EIA report.
xxi. Permission of drawl of water shall be pre-requisite for consideration of EC. Kindly refer to Appendix – 5 for minutes of meeting of State Water resources Department for confirming the allocation of water from Lilagarh river (Bhawradih Anicut)
xxii. Wastewater / effluent should confirm to the effluent standards as prescribed under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
Kindly refer to page no. 10.6 of Chapter 6 of EIA report.
xxiii. Details of washed coal, middling and rejects along with the MoU with the end users should be submitted.
Pertaining to quantum we hereby like to state that about 3600000 Tons/ year of ROM coal will be processed to produce 720000 Tons/ year Washed Coal and 2880000 Tons/ year Rejects. Kindly refer to Appendix – 2 for MoU for Washery rejects & Appendix – 8 for MoU for Raw coal
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 1 1.1
CHAPTER – 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT
Environmental management plays a vital role in sustainable development of a country.
Recognizing its importance, the Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India
had formulated policies and procedures governing the industrial and other developmental
activities to prevent indiscriminate exploitation of natural resources and to promote
integration of environmental concern in developmental projects.
The Ministry of Environment & Forest has made prior Environmental Clearance (EC) for
certain developmental projects mandatory through its notification issued on 14th September
2006 and its subsequent amendment.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is systematic process to identifying, predicting,
evaluating and mitigating the biophysical, social and other relevant environmental effects
due to the proposed developmental project. It plays a vital role in providing information for
decision-making on the environmental consequences of proposed projects. It promotes
environmentally sound and sustainable development through the identification
appropriate enhancement and mitigation measures.
The setting up of coal washery unit has both positive and negative impacts on the
environment. The negative impacts include environmental degradation and adverse socio-
economic changes. It is the responsibility of the company to document the associated
positive and negative impacts, so that the attempts can be made to minimize the effects due
to the negative impacts and maximize the benefits due to the positive impacts. In this
regard, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
have been considered as the most important documentation in understanding the
environmental implications and safeguarding the environment.
1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT
Coal based power plants will continue to play a leading role in power generation in our
country. About 70% of country’s power is generated from coal-based power plants. The
quality of the coal plays an important role in the environmental aspects of a power plant.
1
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 1 1.2
The quality of Indian coal is mainly attributed to its origin. Due to drift origin of Indian coal,
inorganic impurities are intimately mixed in the coal matrix, resulting in difficult
beneficiation characteristics. Over 200 million tonnes of coal reach the consumers with ash
content averaging 40 percent as per the CPCB report (Clean Coal Initiatives June 2000).
Following are the Grades of coal:
GCV range
Grade Gross Calorific Value (GCV Bands) (K. Cal/Kg)
G 1 Exceeding 7000
G 2 Exceeding 6700 & not exceeding 7000
G 3 Exceeding 6400 & not exceeding 6700
G 4 Exceeding 6100 & not exceeding 6400
G 5 Exceeding 5800 & not exceeding 6100
G 6 Exceeding 5500 & not exceeding 5800
G 7 Exceeding 5200 & not exceeding 5500
G 8 Exceeding 4900 & not exceeding 5200
G 9 Exceeding 4600 & not exceeding 4900
G 10 Exceeding 4300 & not exceeding 4600
G 11 Exceeding 4000 & not exceeding 4300
G 12 Exceeding 3700 & not exceeding 4000
G 13 Exceeding 3400 & not exceeding 3700
G 14 Exceeding 3100 & not exceeding 3400
G 15 Exceeding 2800 & not exceeding 3100
G 16 Exceeding 2500 & not exceeding 2800
G 17 Exceeding 2200 & not exceeding 2500
High ash content in the coal supplied to the power plants not only poses environmental
problems but also results in poor plant performance and high cost for Operation &
Maintenance and ash disposal. Based on review undertaken by MoEF, use of
beneficiated/blended coal containing ash not more than 34 percent in power plants was
stipulated as mentioned below (Ref: GSR 560 (E) & GSR 378 (E) dated 19th September 1997
and 30th June 1998):
Benefits of Used Washed Coal
➢ Increased generation efficiency, mainly due to the reduction in energy loss as inert
material passes through the combustion process.
➢ Increased plant availability.
➢ Reduced investment costs.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 1 1.3
➢ Reduced operation and maintenance (O&M) costs due to less wear and reduced
costs for fuel and ash handling.
➢ Energy conservation in the transportation sector and lower transportation costs.
➢ Less impurities and improved coal quality.
➢ Reduced load on the air pollution control system; and
➢ Reduction in the amount of solid waste that has to be disposed off.
About the Project
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. is an existing plant coal washery at Hindadih
Village, Masturi Tehsil, Bilaspur District, Chhattisgarh.
The following are the details pertaining to the existing plant:
• Consent to Establish issued by CECB for 1.2 MTPA Dry type coal washery in 1264 / RO
/ RS / CECB / 2005 dated 5th August 2005. Subsequently production has been
commenced.
• A proposal has been submitted to MoEF for expanding the plant from 1.2 MTPA (Dry
type) to 2.4 MTPA (Dry type) and obtained Environmental Clearance vide no. J-
11015/190/2007-IA-II (M) Dated 24th June 2008.
• Subsequently, another proposal has been submitted to MoEF for expansion of existing
plant from 2.4 MTPA (Dry type) to 3.6 MTPA (establishment of 1x1.2 MTPA Wet type
washery) and obtained Environmental Clearance vide no. J-11015/364/2009-IA-II(M)
dated 21st May 2014.
• This EC issued on 21st May 2014 has superseded the earlier EC obtained vide no. J-
11015/190/2007-IA-II(M) Dated 24th June 2008.
• 2.4 MTPA dry type washery & 1.2 MTPA coal washery (wet type) is in operation.
Now it has been proposed to convert the existing 2.4 MTPA - DRY TYPE coal washery to
2.4 MTPA- WET TYPE coal washery to meet the customer requirement.
As per the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MoEF&CC), New Delhi EIA
notification, dated 14th September and its subsequent amendments, 2006 all coal washeries
above 1.0 MTPA are classified under Category ‘A’. Form-I along with proposed draft Terms of
Reference (TOR) for EIA study & Pre - Feasibility report have been submitted to the
MoEF&CC, New Delhi. Draft EIA report has been prepared incorporating the Terms of
Reference issued by the MoEF&CC, New Delhi vide letter No. J-11015/364/2009-IA-II (M)
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 1 1.4
Dated 11th February 2016. Subsequently Public Hearing was conducted on 5th April 2017 by
Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board (CECB). Final EIA report has been prepared
incorporating proceeding of Public Hearing and reply to the issues raised during the Public
Hearing by management.
Pioneer Enviro Laboratories & Consultants Private Limited, Hyderabad, which is accredited
by NABET, Quality Council of India, vide certificate No. NABET/ EIA/ 1619/ RA 026, for
conducting EIA studies for coal washery projects, have prepared Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) report for the proposed Coal washery plant.
This report furnishes the details of location of Site, Description of the project, prevailing
baseline status w.r.t Air Environment, Water Environment, Noise Environment, Land
Environment, Flora & Fauna and Socio-economic environment. This report also helps in
identification of environmental impacts and suggesting mitigation measures to be followed
during Construction and Operation of the proposed project as a part of Environmental
Management Plan. This report also acts as guidance manual for the proponent for following
the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and for adopting post project Environmental
Monitoring Program as per statutory norms.
Project Proponent
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. (HECBIL) is Flagship Company of Hind Energy
group of Chhattisgarh having wide interest in coal handling, washing & trading, thermal
power generation, logistics and real estate development. Today HECBIL is one of dominant
player in coal operating in mineral rich states of Orissa and Chhattisgarh. It provides all coal
services at a single window from securing linkage of coal (from Ministry of Coal and Coal
India Limited) up to delivery of coal i.e. allotment of coal, long term fuel supply agreement,
procurement of coal directly from mines, quality and quantity control, transportation,
washing, logistics and delivery at the plant of the consumer.
HECBIL is incorporated with Registrar of Companies, Gwalior as Private Limited Company
with objective of coal and other Mineral Beneficiation. The company is promoted by Shri
Pawan Kumar Agrawal engaged in various businesses and having good reputation in the
market, which was gained with good business experience.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 1 1.5
1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION
1.3.1 NATURE OF THE PROJECT
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. is an existing coal washery at Village Hindadih,
Tehsil Masturi, District Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. It is proposed for change in technology in the
existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal
washery.
Proposed change in technology will be carried out in the existing plant premises. Total cost
of the proposed project (for Change in technology) is Rs.12.00 Crores.
1.3.2 SIZE OF THE PROJECT
It is proposed for in change in technology in the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type
coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery.
Capacity of Coal Washery
EC obtained CTO details Change in technology
2.4 MTPA (Dry type)
EC accorded in
24th
June 2008 CTO issued for both 2.4 MTPA (Dry type)
& 1.2 MTPA (Wet type)
2.4 MTPA (Dry type) to
2.4 MTPA (Wet Type)
1.2 MTPA (Wet Type)
EC accorded in
21st
May 2014 No change
Total Permitted Capacity of Coal Washery: 3.6 MTPA
1.3.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. is an existing coal washery at Village Hindadih,
Tehsil Masturi, District Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. It is proposed for in change in technology in
the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal
washery.
1.3.4 IMPORTANCE OF PROJECT
There is a lot of demand for washed coal, as it reduces the ash generation and thereby
contributing for better environment in industries such as sponge iron, power plants.
• The existing Dry process has limited scope for ash reduction.
• The misplacement of good quality coal as Rotary Discard is high if some good quality
coal is not broken inside Rotary Breaker and report to Rotary Discard. This in turn leads
to loss of yield.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 1 1.6
• Smaller pieces of stones and shales report to the sized coal fraction leading to higher
ash in beneficiated coal and as a result the dry process is not able to maintain consistent
product quality.
• To overcome these problems enumerated above, it has been proposed to change the
beneficiation process from existing dry circuit (2.4 MTPA) to wet process (2.4 MTPA)
with Heavy Media process.
• In various tender pre-qualification technical requirement, it is clearly mentioned that
bidder should have its own coal beneficiation plant using wet technology i.e. Heavy
Media Cyclone / Heavy Media Bath.
• At present the quality of ROM coal is deteriorating day by day and in future we shall not
be able to fulfill the required ash quality to the customers.
The Heavy Media process will have the following advantages over the dry process:
• Maximum ash reduction can be achieved.
• Heavy Media process is ideally suited to treat high ash Indian Coal with high Near
Gravity Material (NGM).
• The process is capable of achieving low misplacement of good coal to rejects as well as
rejects to beneficiated product.
Technological Options
Cleaner production technologies are being used / practiced in coal washeries in India, as pre-
combustion clean coal technology, mainly focus on cleaning of coal by removing ash from
coal.
Earlier only coking coal was being washed because steel making needs coking coal of ash of
17 to 18%. The raw coal ash in Indian coking coal varies from 25 to 30%. Now-a-days,
Ministry of Environment & Forests has put restriction on the use of high ash coal in power
sectors, which necessitated priority to wash non-coking coal also.
The choice of process equipment involved in coal washing depends on factors such as the
type of coal being treated; the market requirement and the economics Continuous research
and development efforts, including trial and adoption of latest equipment/ technology are
being done.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 1 1.7
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of work includes a detailed characterization of the environment in an area of 10
Km. radius of the plant for various environmental parameters like Air Environment, Water
Environment, Noise Environment, Land Environment, Biological Environment, Socio-
economic aspects etc. The EIA Report is prepared based on TOR issued by EAC and Public
Hearing proceedings.
Generic Structure of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report as per the EIA
notification of the MoEF&CC, GoI dated 14th September 2006 and its subsequent
amendments is detailed below:
Chapter No. EIA Structure
1. Introduction
2. Project Description
3. Description of the Environment
4. Anticipated Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures
5. Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Site)
6. Environmental Monitoring Program
7. Additional Studies
8. Project Benefits
9. Environmental Cost – Benefit Analysis
10. Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
11. Summary & Conclusion
12. Disclosure of Consultant engaged
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 1 1.8
1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE PROCESS (Category – A Projects)
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 2 2.1
CHAPTER – 2
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. is an existing coal washery at Village Hindadih,
Tehsil Masturi, District Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. It is proposed for change in technology in the
existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery.
Proposed change in technology will be carried out in the existing plant premises. Total cost of
the proposed project (i.e. for Change in technology) is Rs.12.00 Crores.
2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT
• The existing Dry process has limited scope for ash reduction.
• The misplacement of good quality coal as Rotary Discard is high if some good quality coal
is not broken inside Rotary Breaker and report to Rotary Discard. This in turn leads to loss
of yield.
• Smaller pieces of stones and shales report to the sized coal fraction leading to higher ash
in beneficiated coal and as a result the dry process is not able to maintain consistent
product quality.
• To overcome these problems enumerated above, it has been proposed to change the
beneficiation process from existing dry circuit (2.4 MTPA) to wet process (2.4 MTPA) with
Heavy Media process.
• In various tender pre-qualification technical requirement, it is clearly mentioned that
bidder should have its own coal beneficiation plant using wet technology i.e. Heavy
Media Cyclone / Heavy Media Bath.
• At present the quality of ROM coal is deteriorating day by day and in future we shall not
be able to fulfill the required ash quality to the customers.
The Heavy Media process will have the following advantages over the dry process:
• Maximum ash reduction can be achieved.
• Heavy Media process is ideally suited to treat high ash Indian Coal with high Near Gravity
Material (NGM).
2
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 2 2.2
• The process is capable of achieving low misplacement of good coal to rejects as well as
rejects to beneficiated product.
As per MOEF vide Notification GSR 560 (E) & GSR 378 (E) dated 19th September 1997 and 30th
June 1998, use of beneficiated / blended coal containing ash not more than 34 percent in
power plants was stipulated for:
• Power plants located beyond 1000 kms from pit head.
• Power plants located in critically polluted areas, urban areas and in ecologically
sensitive areas.
Benefits of Using Washed Coal
• Increased generation efficiency, mainly due to the reduction in energy loss as inert
material passes through the combustion process.
• Increased plant viability.
• Reduced investment costs.
• Reduced operation and maintenance (O&M) costs due to less wear and reduced costs
for fuel and ash handling
• Energy conservation in the transportation sector and lower transportation costs
• Less impurities and improved coal quality
• Reduced load on the air pollution control system; and
• Reduction in the amount of ash that has to be disposed off
Technological Options
Clean coal technologies are being practiced in coal washeries in India, as pre-combustion
clean coal technology, mainly focus on cleaning of coal by removing ash from coal.
Earlier only coking coal was being washed because steel making needs coking coal of ash of
17 to 18%. The raw coal ash in Indian coking coal varies from 25 to 30%. Now-a-days, Ministry
of Environment, Forests & Climate Change has put restriction on the use of high ash coal in
power sectors, which necessitated priority to wash non-coking coal also.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 2 2.3
2.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. is an existing coal washery at Village Hindadih,
Tehsil Masturi, District Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. It is proposed for change in technology in the
existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery.
Proposed change in technology will be carried out in the existing plant premises. Following
are the coordinates of the project site:
Table No. 2.1 : Coordinates of the project site
Point No. Coordinates
1. 22° 9'25.82"N 82°20'29.95"E
2. 22° 9'27.69"N 82°20'31.42"E
3. 22° 9'40.37"N 82°20'26.67"E
4. 22° 9'48.71"N 82°20'27.09"E
5. 22° 9'50.17"N 82°20'21.87"E
6. 22° 9'47.62"N 82°20'19.18"E
7. 22° 9'39.88"N 82°20'16.71"E
8. 22° 9'35.68"N 82°20'22.60"E
9. 22° 9'31.46"N 82°20'26.43"E
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 2 2.4
Fig.2.1: Coordinates on the topo map
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 2 2.5
Fig.2.2: Greenbelt Photographs
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 2 2.6
Fig.2.3: Plant Photographs
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report - Chapter 2 2.7
2.3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING WITHIN 10 Km. RADIUS OF THE PROJECT SITE
[Gen. TOR # ii]
Table No. 2.2 : Salient Features / environmental features within the 10 Km. radius of the project
site
S.No. Salient Features / Environmental features Distance w.r.t. site / Remarks
1. Type of Land Industrial land
2. Type of Land (Study Area) As per LULC the land use within 10 Km. is as follows: Settlements – 1.9 %; Industrial Area – 4.2 %; Tank / River / Canal etc. – 9.1 %; Forest – 14.2 %, Single crop land – 60.0 %; Double Crop – 4.1 %; Land with scrub – 2.1 %; Land without scrub – 2.4 %; Mining area – 1.9 %; Stony waste area – 0.1 %
3. National Park/ Wild life sanctuary / Biosphere reserve / Tiger Reserve / Elephant Corridor / migratory routes for Birds
Nil
4. Historical places / Places of Tourist importance / Archeological sites
Nil
5. Industrial areas / cluster (MoEF office memorandum dated 13th January 2010)
Nil
6. Defence Installations Nil
7. Nearest village Bhadrapara – 0.5 Km. (W)
8. No. of Villages in the Study Area 42
9. Nearest Hospital Sipat – 5.0 Kms. (SW)
10. Nearest School Hindadih – 0.8 Kms. (SW)
11. Forests Bitkuli Reserve Forest (0.5 Kms.) & Dalha Protected Forest (6.0 Kms.)
12. Water body Lilagarh river – 3.3 Kms. Kurung Left Bank Canal – 5.0 Kms. No River / Stream passes through the proposed project site.
13. List of Industries / Mining activity M/s. NTPC Sipat
14. Nearest Highway Nil
15. Nearest Railway station Nil
16. Nearest Port facility Nil
17. Nearest Airport Nil
18. Nearest Interstate Boundary No interstate boundary within 10 Km radius of the project site. (Nearest interstate boundary is Madhya Pradesh at a distance of 84.0 kms. from the Project site)
19. Seismic zone as per IS-1893 Seismic zone – I
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report - Chapter 2 2.8
S.No. Salient Features / Environmental features Distance w.r.t. site / Remarks
20. R & R There is no rehabilitation and resettlement issue, as there are no habitations present in the site area.
21. Litigation / court case is pending against the proposed project / proposed site and or any direction passed by the court of law against the project
Nil
2.4 DETAILS OF LAND
Existing plant is located in an area of 27.42 acres (11.1 Ha.) of land and present proposal of
change in technology will be taken up in the existing plant premises only.
Khasra no. of the 27.42 acres of land are 48, 51, 55/2, 55/5, 55/6, 55/7, 62/1, 55/1, 55/3, 53,
63, 6/1, 1/16, 1/2, 1/15, 3/2, 15/2, 16/7, 40/2 & 226/9 at Village Hindadih, Tehsil Masturi,
District Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. Kindly refer to Appendix – 9 for land documents.
Table No. 2.3 : Land use statement of project site
S.No. Description Area (in Acres)
1. Main Plant Area 9.0
2. Raw Coal Storage Yard 3.3
3. Washed Coal Storage Yard 1.7
4. Rejects storage 1.4
5. Water Storage and Rain Water Harvesting 0.5
6. Parking & Internal Roads 2.42
7. Green Belt 9.1 TOTAL 27.42
Fig. 2.4 : Diagram showing Land use statement
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 2 2.9
HECBIL (Hindadih)
Fig. 2.5 : General Location of Project site
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 2 2.10
Plant site
Fig. 2.6 : Topographical Map
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 2 2.11
Fig. 2.7 : Plant Layout
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 2 2.12
2.5 SIZE / MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION
Present proposal is only change in technology in the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY
type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery. The plant will be operated for a
maximum of 300 days in a year.
Table No. 2.4 : Plant Configuration & Production Capacity
Capacity of Coal Washery
EC obtained CTO details Change in technology
2.4 MTPA (Dry type)
E.C. accorded in
24th
June 2008 CTO issued for both 2.4 MTPA (Dry type)
& 1.2 MTPA (Wet type)
2.4 MTPA (Dry type) to
2.4 MTPA (Wet Type)
1.2 MTPA (Wet Type)
E.C. accorded in
21st
May 2014 No change
Total Permitted Capacity of Coal Washery: 3.6 MTPA
2.6 JUSTIFICATION OF CHANGE IN TECHNOLOGY FROM DRY TYPE TO WET TYPE
[Sp. TOR # vi]
• The existing Dry process has limited scope for ash reduction.
• The misplacement of good quality coal as Rotary Discard is high if some good quality
coal is not broken inside Rotary Breaker and report to Rotary Discard. This in turn leads
to loss of yield.
• Smaller pieces of stones and shales report to the sized coal fraction leading to higher
ash in beneficiated coal and as a result the dry process is not able to maintain consistent
product quality.
• To overcome these problems enumerated above, it has been proposed to change the
beneficiation process from existing dry circuit (2.4 MTPA) to wet process (2.4 MTPA)
with Heavy Media process.
• In various tender pre-qualification technical requirement, it is clearly mentioned that
bidder should have its own coal beneficiation plant using wet technology i.e. Heavy
Media Cyclone / Heavy Media Bath.
• At present the quality of ROM coal is deteriorating day by day and in future we shall
not be able to fulfill the required ash quality to the customers.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 2 2.13
The Heavy Media process will have the following advantages over the dry process:
• Maximum ash reduction can be achieved.
• Heavy Media process is ideally suited to treat high ash Indian Coal with high Near
Gravity Material (NGM).
• The process is capable of achieving low misplacement of good coal to rejects as well as
rejects to beneficiated product.
2.6.1 COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF DRY & WET PROCESS
Table No. 2.5 : Comparative Evaluation of Dry & Wet Process
S.No. Parameter EXISTING
2.4 MTPA Coal Washery (Dry Process) & 1.2 MTPA
Coal Washery (wet process for which
Consent to Operate has been accorded and is
operational)
PROPOSED
2.4 MTPA Coal Washery (wet type)
&
1.2 MTPA Coal washery
(Wet process)
Remarks
1 Land 27.42 acres 27.42 acres No change in land due to conversion of 2.4 MTPA Dry type to wet type washery.
2 Quality of washed coal
Dry process has limited scope for ash reduction
Wet process: Maximum ash
reduction can be achieved as per the
requirement of various customer
Wet process gives better ash reduction to suit to the customer requirement
3 Consistent product quality
Not possible Possible Wet process is suited for customers with requirement for consistent product quality
4 Yield Lesser yield as good quality coal may report as
Rotary Breaker Discard.
Better yield, as no such loss of good
quality coal
Better yield with Wet Process
5 Particulate emission
More Less Wet process will have lesser PM
6 Total water requirement
610 KLD
(water drawl permission obtained from water
resources Department, Govt. of Chhattisgarh
Additional 475 KLD due to conversion from DRY to WET
type.
Total water requirement after proposed request for amendment will be 1085 cum/day. Water collected through RWH will be recycled. This will reduce the water requirement.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 2 2.14
2.7 PROJECT COST
Total cost of the proposed project (for Change in technology) is Rs.12.00 Crores.
2.8 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION
The proposed project will be implemented in 12 months from the date of issue of
Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC and NOC from CECB.
2.9 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION [Gen. TOR # v & vi]
2.9.1 RAW MATERIAL (SOURCE OF COAL)
The following will be the raw material requirement for proposed project:
Table No. 2.6 : Raw Material & its source
S.No. Raw Material
Quantity (MTPA)
Source
1. Raw Coal 3.6 Coal will be sourced from SECL mines namely Deepka, Gevra, Kusmunda and other mines
[on DO basis]
2.9.2 RAW MATERIAL STORAGE & TRANSPORT
STORAGE OF RAW COAL, WASHED COAL & WASHERY REJECTS
• Coal stock yard (Raw coal, Washed coal & Washery rejects) will be kept in Storage yard
with pucca platform above ground level provided with wind shields / wind breaking
walls.
• Garland drains will be provided all-round the storage yard. The runoff water from the
yard will enter into garland drain and will be collected in settling tank. The supernatant
will be utilised in the process.
MODE OF TRANSPORTATION
• The ROM coal from SECL mines mainly from Deepka, Gevra, Kusmunda and other
mines is being transported by Road / Rail and same practice will be followed in the
present proposal also.
• Washed coal and Washery rejects is being transported to parties through Road / Rail
and same practiced will be followed in the present proposal also.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 2 2.15
• Rail transportation is being served from own Railway Siding at Ghatora (20.0 Kms. –
by road) and same will be used for present proposal also.
• Transportation of Raw Coal from the SECL mines in the region depends on their rail
connectivity, availability of rakes for short distance and permission from SECL to do
so.
• Transportation to the nearby client and those not linked to rail network will be by
Road.
• Washed coal from the plant is being transported by Rail / road in covered trucks
directly to the customer and same will be continued in the present proposal. The mode
of transport of washed coal will depend on the MoU with the customers who may
have either road transport or rail transport.
• All the trucks used for transportation of raw materials is being covered and same
practiced will be followed.
• Total nos. of trucks required for the transportation of Raw Coal, Washed and Rejects
for entire 3.6 MTPA will be 960 per day.
All the trucks required for transportation of coal will be covered and environmentally
compliant. Pucca road exist upto the site. The existing road is capable of absorbing truck
movement.
Table No. 2.7 : List of customer to whom washed coal
S.No. Name of Company Quantity
1. M/s. Adani Power Maharashtra Ltd. 3300 MW Tiroda Thermal Power Plant Gondia District, Maharashtra
46100 MT
2. M/s. Dhariwal Infrastructure Ltd. 2 x 300 MW Thermal Power Chandrapur District, Maharashtra
On DO basis / Allocation basis
3. M/s. Nabha Power Ltd. Rajpura Thermal Power Project, Patiala District, Punjab
On DO basis / Allocation basis
4. M/s. Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Ltd. Chhabra Thermal Power Baran District, Rajasthan
1.2 MTPA
5. M/s. Sarda Energy & Minerals Ltd. Steel & Power Plant, Raipur District, Chhattisgarh
0.79 MTPA
Copy of MoU with above company is enclosed as Appendix– 8.
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2.9.3 PROCESS OF COAL WASHERY [Gen. TOR # v]
• Sized Raw Coal [(-) 50 mm] from crushing and screening plant shall be transported to
an intermediate storage bunker.
• From the intermediate storage bunker, sized raw coal will be fed to the Washing Plant
building through belt conveyor. The sized raw coal will be fed into a Banana Screen.
• The first part of Banana Screen will dry screen raw coal at 8 mm to separate (–)8 mm
fraction which will be taken to a ground dump and will be mixed with washed coal.
The second part of the banana screen will wet screen the raw coal at (–)1 mm for
desliming.
• The deslimed coal [coarser fraction of (-)50 (+)1mm] goes to the HM Bath / HM
Cyclone process. The magnetite media of required specific gravity will be added in the
heavy media process to get mixed with the coal.
• The HM Bath / HM Cyclone will have overflow and underflow. The washed coal along
with magnetite media will be received as overflow, from the HM Bath / HM Cyclone
and will be fed to a set of washed coal sieve bend and Washed Coal Drain & Rinsing
Screen.
• The Magnetite media separated through sieve bend and first part of the screen and
will be collected in the screen’s dense under pans. The same will be circulated back to
the system.
• The carried away magnetite with the coal particles are removed by water spraying in
the discharge part of the screens.
• The magnetite removed from coal by water spraying will be collected in the dilute
catch pan of screen as dilute media. The magnetite from dilute media will be
recovered through Wet Drum Magnetic Separator.
• The washed coal collected at discharge end of screen will then be transported to
storage bunker through belt conveyor.
• The reject from the HM Bath / HM Cyclone will be fed to a drain and rinsing screen to
take out the media and then transported to the bunker through belt conveyor.
• The underflow from desliming screen collected in the fine coal sump will be pumped
to a back to classifying cyclone. The underflow of classifying cyclone will be dewatered
in High Frequency screen.
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• The overflow of classifying cyclone will be taken to the Thickener. Effluent from High
Frequency Screen will also be taken to the Thickener.
• The clarified water from the thickener overflow will be recycled as process water and
fed to the plant.
• Thickener underflow will be sent to cascading type settling pond.
• Clarified water from settling pond shall be pumped back to plant as process water.
• The settled solid (fine coal) from the settling pond shall be mixed with washed coal.
The production process flow chart is enclosed as Fig 2.8
2.9.4 CHARACTERISTICS & QUANTUM OF ROM COAL, WASHED COAL AND COAL WASHERY
REJECTS
S.No. Parameters ROM Coal Washed Coal Rejects
1. Ash % 40 – 44 32 - 34 60 - 70
2. Moisture % Total 8.50 12.00 10.00
Inherent 6.50 7.00 4.50
3. GCV (Kcal/Kg) 3400 - 3600 4000 - 4400 2000 - 2400
4. Volatile Matter % 22 - 24 24 - 27 12 – 14
5. Fixed carbon % 29 - 32 35 - 39 15 - 20
6. Yield % 100 80 20
7. Quantity (TPA) 36,00,000 28,80,000 7,20,000
8. Sulphur % 0.35 0.30 0.50
9. Mercury (As Hg), Mg/Kg <0.10 <0.10 <0.10
2.9.5 MATERIAL BALANCE
INPUTS OUTPUTS
S.No. Item Quantity (TPA) Item Quantity (TPA)
1 Raw Coal 36,00,000 Washed Coal 28,80,000
2 Washery Rejects 7,20,000
Total 36,00,000 Total 36,00,000
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Fig. 2.8 : Process Flow Diagram
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2.10 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION MEASURES
2.10.1 AIR EMISSION CONTROL
➢ Water is being sprayed at all strategic coal transfer points such as conveyors, loading
unloading points etc. and same will be continued in the present proposal.
➢ Conveyors, transfer points etc. are already provided with enclosures.
➢ The crusher of the coal washery is provided with enclosures, fitted with Dust extraction
system followed by Bag filters and finally emitted through a stack.
➢ Water sprinkling by using fine atomizer nozzles arrangement are provided on the coal
heaps and on land around the crushers and same will be continued in the present
proposal also.
➢ Internal roads are being asphalted.
➢ Green belt is being developed along the road side, coal handling plant, all around the
boundary line of the coal washery.
➢ Storage yard, hoppers, rubber decks in chutes and centrifugal chutes are provided with
proper rubber linings and same will be continued in the present proposal also.
➢ Vehicles movement in the coal washery area is regulated effectively to avoid traffic
congestion. High pressure horn is prohibited and same is maintained.
➢ Smoke emission from heavy duty vehicle operating in the coal washery are confirmed
with the standards prescribed under Motor Vehicle Rules 1989.
➢ All the CREP recommendations are being followed.
2.10.2 WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT
➢ Closed loop water system is being practiced in the existing plant wet washery.
➢ Closed loop water system will be implemented in the present proposal also. Hence
there will not be any waste water generation from process.
➢ As it is proposed to install Heavy media based Coal Washery, in which water after
washing of coal (waste water) will be recycled back.
➢ The efficiency of settling pond of the waste water system will be 95 %.
➢ Sanitary waste is being treated in septic tank by Sub-surface dispersion trench and
same will be practiced in the present proposal.
➢ The effluent from the plant is sent to the thickener and flocculants are settlement of
suspended solids and helps to give a clearer overflow.
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➢ The settled solids are collected at the bottom cone of the thickener tank.
➢ The solids which are collected in the bottom of the thickener are pumped to the
multirole belt press for reclamation of water. The solid dried cake is blended with
rejects.
➢ The overflow of the thickener which is clear water is being recycled.
➢ The proposed plant is a zero-effluent plant and the process selected ensures reduction
in dust generation and emission.
➢ All the MoEF&CC norms/CREP recommendations for coal washeries are being
implemented in the proposed project.
2.10.3 NOISE MANAGEMENT
The major noise levels is being confined to the working zones of the plant and same will be
continued in the present proposal also. High noise horn is prohibited. Ear plugs are bring
provided to all employees who are entering the noise prone areas. Extensive greenbelt
proposed will help in further attenuating the noise levels.
2.10.4 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Washery rejects is main solid waste generated from the proposed coal washery unit and is
being given to rejects based power plant. Washery rejects of 0.72 MTPA will be given to
Power plant of M/s. Prakash Industries Ltd., Janjgir – Champa District, Chhattisgarh.
MoU copy for supply of washery rejects to the above customer is enclosed as Appendix - 2.
Hence there will not be any adverse impact on land environment due to the solid waste
generation.
2.10.5 GREENBELT DEVLOPMENT
10 M wide greenbelt around the plant is being developed all around the plant as per CPCB
guidelines in 9.1 acres of land and same will be maintained.
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2.10.6 INTERNAL ROADS
All Internal roads are being asphalted to prevent the fugitive dust emission due to vehicular
movement.
2.11 ASSESSMENT OF NEW & UNTESTED TECHNOLOGY FOR THE RISK OF TECHNOLOGICAL
FAILURE
Coal washery technologies are well proven all over the world. Hence there will not be any
risk of technological failure from this plant.
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CHAPTER – 3
DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS)
3.1 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS [Gen. TOR # vi & viii]
This chapter gives an idea and description of environmental status of the study area with
reference to the prominent environmental attributes. The main objective of describing the
environment is to assess present environmental quality & the environmental impacts. The
study area 10 Km. radius of the plant site falls is covered in Survey of India Toposheet No.
64 J/8.
The impact identification always commences with the collection of baseline data such as
ambient air quality, ground water quality, surface water quality, noise levels, land
environment, land use pattern, flora & fauna and socio economic aspects with in the study
zone of 10 Km. radius during March 2016 to May 2016.
3.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT
3.2.1 METEOROLOGY
Meteorology of the study area plays an important role in the air pollution studies. The
prevailing micro meteorological conditions at the site will regulate the dispersion and
dilution of air pollutants in the atmosphere. The predominant wind directions and the wind
speed will decide the direction and distance of the most affected zone from the proposed
activity. The meteorological data collected during the monitoring period is very useful in
interpretation of baseline as input for dispersion models for predicting the Ground Level
Concentrations (GLC).
3.2.2 METEOROLOGICAL DATA RECORDED AT PLANT
A Temporary Weather Monitoring Station was installed at the project site and temperature,
relative humidity, wind direction, wind speed, rainfall, etc. were recorded for one season
March 2016 to May 2016..
3
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Cloud cover
During the study period, it was observed that no clouds have seen & sky is very clear.
Rainfall
The average annual rainfall of the district is 1082 mm (Source: CGWB). There is no rainfall
recorded during the study period.
Temperature
The maximum temperature recorded was 46.1 0C and the minimum temperature was 19.6
0C.
Relative Humidity
The relative humidity’s he site at are ranging from 37% to 65%.
Wind Pattern at Project Site during the study period
Wind rose from IMD has been collected for Raipur (Mana), Chhattisgarh (Nearest IMD
station).
Weather monitoring station has been established at site to collect Meteorological data.
Wind speed and direction are recorded at site every hour.
The wind rose shows that winds are predominantly blowing from SW to NE direction. The
wind rose diagram of winter season is shown in fig 3.1
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TABLE 3.2.1: 24 Hourly Site Specific Micro-Meteorological Data
S.No. Time Wind Direction
Wind Speed (m/s)
Ambient Temp.
(Kelvin)
Stability Class
Mixing Height (m)
1 1:00:00 CALM 0.0 292.6 6 100
2 2:00:00 CALM 0.0 293.1 6 200
3 3:00:00 CALM 0.0 296.5 6 250
4 4:00:00 N 1.1 302.2 6 600
5 5:00:00 SW 1.5 305.5 6 800
6 6:00:00 W 2.5 308.4 6 900
7 7:00:00 NE 3.2 309.8 2 1000
8 8:00:00 SW 2.8 311.6 3 1100
9 9:00:00 N 1.3 312.9 2 1200
10 10:00:00 S 1.3 314.4 2 1300
11 11:00:00 SW 2.2 315.7 2 1200
12 12:00:00 NW 4.2 316.5 2 1000
13 13:00:00 W 5.1 317.2 1 1200
14 14:00:00 SW 3.3 319.1 1 1400
15 15:00:00 SWW 2.2 318.7 1 1200
16 16:00:00 SE 4.2 316.3 2 1400
17 17:00:00 SW 7.1 313.5 2 900
18 18:00:00 NE 4.2 311.7 3 800
19 19:00:00 SW 2.3 309.1 4 600
20 20:00:00 W 1.5 305.6 4 500
21 21:00:00 SW 1.6 300.9 6 250
22 22:00:00 N 1.3 298.8 6 300
23 23:00:00 SW 1.1 296.0 6 400
24 0:00:00 CALM 0.0 293.1 6 200
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3.2.3 AIR QUALITY
The ambient air quality with respect to the study zone of 10 km. radius around the project
site forms the baseline information. The study area represents mostly rural environment.
The various sources of air pollution in the region are vehicular traffic, dust arising from
unpaved village roads & domestic fuel burning. The Prime objective of baseline air quality
survey is to assess the existing air quality of the area. This will also be useful is assessing the
conformity to standards of the ambient air quality during the operation of the proposed
project.
3.2.3.1 SELECTION OF SAMPLING STATIONS
The base line status of the ambient air quality can be assessed through scientifically
designed Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Network.
The selection of sampling locations in the air quality surveillance programme is based on the
following:
(a) Representation of the project site.
(b) Representation of down wind direction.
(c) Representation of upwind direction.
(d) Representation of cross wind direction.
(e) Representation of Industrial area.
(f) Representation of sensitive receptors.
8 nos. of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations were established with in the study zone of
the plant area in accordance with CPCB guidelines.
The sampling locations and their distances are shown in Table 3.1.2 and in Fig 3.2. The Max.,
Min., and 98th percentile values for all the sampling locations for PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NOX
are shown in Table 3.1.3 to 3.1.10.
3.2.3.2 PARAMETERS MONITORED
Ambient air quality was monitored for 2 days in a week for three months (March 2016 to
May 2016) to assess the existing status of air pollution and pollution dispersion pattern over
the whole air basin of plant as per the National Ambient Air Quality Standards vide No. S.
No. 826 (E) dated 16th November, 2009.
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At each Monitoring Particulate Matter (PM2.5), Particulate Matter (PM10), SO2 & NOX are
monitored.
3.2.3.3 SAMPLING & ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES INSTRUMENTS USED FOR SAMPLING
APM 550 dust sampler is used for monitoring PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx. PM10 & PM2.5 are
estimated by Gravimetric method, EPA Modified West & Gaeke method (IS –5182, part III
1969) has been adopted for estimation of SO2, Arsenite modified Jacob – Hochheiser
method (IS –5182, part IV, 1975) has been adopted for estimation of NOx.
Calibration
Calibration charts have been prepared for all gaseous pollutants. The Calibration is carried
out when new absorbing solutions are prepared.
TABLE 3.2.2
TECHNIQUES USED FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING
S.No Parameter Technique Minimum Detectable Limit
(g /m3)
1. Particulate Matter (PM2.5) APM 550 dust sampler (Gravimetric Method)
5.0
2. Particulate Matter (PM10) Respirable Dust Sampler (Gravimetric Method)
5.0
3. SO2 EPA Modified West & Gaeke method
4.0
4. NOx Arsenite modified Jacob & Hochheiser
4.5
TABLE 3.2.3
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS
S.No STATION DIRECTION DISTANCE (in Kms.) CRITERIA FOR SELECTION
1. Plant Site --- --- Represents the Plant Site
2. Kalmadih NE 1.3 Represents downwind direction
3. Juhli NE 3.2 Represents downwind direction
4. Dhaniya SE 2.0 Represents Crosswind direction
5. Darrabhata SW 4.5 Represents Upwind direction
6. Hindadih SW 1.0 Represents Upwind direction
7. Bhadrapara W 0.5 Represents Upwind direction &
nearest residential receptor
8. Sipat SWW 6.5 Represents Commercial area
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Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station
(10 Kms. radius)
Monitoring Station
Hindadih
Bhadrapara Plant Site
Juhli
Sipat
Darrabhata
Kalmadih
Dhaniya
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TABLE 3.2.4
Sampling Location: Plant Site
Unit : g /m3
Sampling Period: March 2016 to May 2016
Parameter Maximum Minimum 98th percentile Standard as per NAAQS
PM2.5 38.7 27.2 38.7 60
PM10 64.5 45.3 64.5 100
SO2 19.8 17.5 19.8 80
NOX 21.5 18.9 21.5 80
CO 675 610 675 2000
TABLE 3.2.5
Sampling Location: Kalmadih
Unit : g /m3
Sampling Period: March 2016 to May 2016
Parameter Maximum Minimum 98th percentile Standard as per NAAQS
PM2.5 24.2 18.9 24.2 60
PM10 40.3 31.6 40.3 100
SO2 12.3 11.3 12.3 80
NOX 14.6 12.5 14.6 80
CO 435 395 435 2000
TABLE 3.2.6
Sampling Location: Juhli
Unit : g /m3
Sampling Period: March 2016 to May 2016
Parameter Maximum Minimum 98th percentile Standard as per NAAQS
PM2.5 22.5 18.1 22.5 60
PM10 38.9 31.2 38.9 100
SO2 11.6 10.5 11.6 80
NOX 12.9 10.8 12.9 80
CO 415 385 415 2000
TABLE 3.2.7
Sampling Location: Dhaniya
Unit : g /m3
Sampling Period: March 2016 to May 2016
Parameter Maximum Minimum 98th percentile Standard as per NAAQS
PM2.5 28.1 24.7 28.1 60
PM10 46.9 41.3 46.9 100
SO2 15.4 13.8 15.4 80
NOX 17.9 14.3 17.9 80
CO 515 495 515 2000
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TABLE 3.2.8
Sampling Location: Darrabhata
Unit : g /m3
Sampling Period: March 2016 to May 2016
Parameter Maximum Minimum 98th percentile Standard as per NAAQS
PM2.5 25.5 23.3 25.5 60
PM10 42.6 38.9 42.6 100
SO2 13.5 11.3 13.5 80
NOX 16.5 12.5 16.5 80
CO 475 450 475 2000
TABLE 3.2.9
Sampling Location: Hindadih
Unit : g /m3
Sampling Period: March 2016 to May 2016
Parameter Maximum Minimum 98th percentile Standard as per NAAQS
PM2.5 28.1 24.7 28.1 60
PM10 44.5 39.5 44.5 100
SO2 14.9 12.3 14.9 80
NOX 16.8 13.2 16.8 80
CO 510 505 510 2000
TABLE 3.2.10
Sampling Location: Bhadrapara
Unit : g /m3
Sampling Period: March 2016 to May 2016
Parameter Maximum Minimum 98th percentile Standard as per NAAQS
PM2.5 25.3 24.1 25.3 60
PM10 42.3 40.3 42.3 100
SO2 14.6 12.5 14.6 80
NOX 15.5 13.5 15.5 80
CO 470 455 470 2000
TABLE 3.2.11
Sampling Location: Sipat
Unit : g /m3
Sampling Period: March 2016 to May 2016
Parameter Maximum Minimum 98th percentile Standard as per NAAQS
PM2.5 36.2 26.2 36.2 60
PM10 60.3 43.6 60.3 100
SO2 17.3 15.6 17.3 80
NOX 19.4 16.5 19.4 80
CO 620 605 620 2000
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BAR DIAGRAMS SHOWING THE SUMMARY OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA
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3.2.4 INTERPRETATION OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING
The 98th percentile PM2.5 concentration recorded at the Plant site is 38.7 g /m3.
The 98th percentile PM10 concentration recorded at the Plant site is 64.5 g /m3.
The 98th percentile SO2 concentration recorded at the Plant site is 19.8 g/m3.
The 98th percentile NOx concentration recorded at the Plant site is 21.5 g/m3.
The 98th percentile CO concentration recorded at the Plant site is 675 g /m3.
The highest 98th percentile PM2.5 concentration was recorded at Plant site with a value of
38.7 g/m3.
The highest 98th percentile PM10 concentration was recorded at Plant site with a value of
64.5 g/m3.
The highest 98th percentile SO2 concentration was recorded at Plant site with a value of
19.8 g/m3.
The highest 98th percentile NOx concentration was recorded at Plant site with a value of
21.5 g/m3.
The highest 98th percentile CO concentration was recorded at Plant site with a value of
675 g/m3.
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The highest concentrations are recorded at Plant Site due to Industrial activity.
Ambient air quality was monitored for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx & CO at 8 stations including
project site during March 2016 to May 2016. The following are the concentrations of
various parameters at the monitoring stations:
Table 3.2.12 : AAQ data summary
Parameter Concentration
PM2.5 : 18.1 to 38.7 g/m3
PM10 : 31.2 to 64.5 g/m3
SO2 : 10.5 to 19.8 g/m3
NOX : 10.8 to 21.5 g/m3
CO : 385 to 675 g/m3
The concentrations of various parameters are within the NAAQS Standards. There is
marginal increase in emissions due to the proposed expansion project due to the
emissions from Stack, Fugitive emissions, Vehicular Emissions the over baseline
concentrations. The net resultant incremental GLCs are calculated and furnished in page
no. 4.4 of Chapter # 4.
3.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
The physical description of sound concerns its loudness as a function of frequency. Noise
in general is sound, which is composed of many frequency components of various
loudness distributed over the audible frequency range. Various noise scales have been
introduced to describe, in a single number, the response of an average human being to a
complex sound made up various frequencies at different loudness levels. The most
common and heavily favoured of those scales is the A weighted decibel (dBA). This is
more suitable for audible range of 20 to 20,000 Hertz. The scale has been designed to
weigh various components of noise according to the response of a human ear.
The impact of noise sources on surrounding community depends on
• Characteristics of noise sources (instantaneous, intermittent or continuous in
nature). It is well known that steady noise not as annoying as one that is
continuously varying in loudness.
• The time, at which noise occurs, for example loud noise levels at night in
residential areas are not acceptable because of sleep disturbance.
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• The location of the noise source, with respect to noise sensitive area, which
determines the loudness and period of noise exposure.
The environmental impact of noise can have several effects varying from Noise Induced
Hearing Loss (NIHL) to annoyance depending on loudness of Noise levels.
The environmental impact assessment of noise from the proposed project can be carried
out by taking into consideration of various factors: potential damage to hearing,
potential physiological responses, and annoyance and general community responses.
The main objective of noise level monitoring is to assess the background noise levels in
different zones viz., industrial, commercial, residential and silence zones within the study
area.
The basic studies conducted were
a. Assessment of background noise levels.
b. Identification and monitoring the major noise generating sources in the study
area.
c. Impact of noise on general population in the study zone of 10 Km. radius.
3.3.1 RECONNAISSANCE
Noise levels were measured at different locations within 10 Km. radius of the plant such
as villages, bus stands etc.
3.3.1.1 BACKGROUND NOISE
Baseline noise data has been measured at different locations using A-weighted sound
pressure level meter. The equivalent day-night noise levels in the study zone are ranging
from 45.3 dBA to 63.8 dBA.
3.3.1.2 SOURCES OF NOISE
Typical considerations in environmental noise assessment can be divided into two
categories; one is related to noise sources and the other related to potential receiver.
Two quantities are needed to describe completely the strength of the source. They are
sound Power level and directivity. Sound Power levels measures the total sound Power
radiated by the source in all directions where as directivity is a measure of difference in
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radiation with direction. This concept of sound Power level and directivity index makes it
possible to calculate the sound pressure level created by the source.
3.3.2 COMMUNITY NOISE
The ambient noise level is characterized by significant variations above a base or a
residual noise level. The residual noise level is that level below which the ambient noise
does not seem to drop during a given time interval and is generally caused by the
unidentified distant sources. It differs in rural and urban areas. At night, its level is low
due to lesser elements of noise. The annoyance that people experience depends upon
the number of noise elements that produce noise concurrently at a given time that occur
during a time interval.
The noise rating developed by EPA for specification of community noise from all sources
is the day night sound level, Ldn. It is similar to a 24 hour equivalent sound level except
that during the night period, which extends from 09.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m. A 10 dBA
weighing penalty is added to the account for the fact that noise at night when people are
trying to sleep is judged more annoying than the same noise during the day time.
The Ldn for a given location in a community is calculated from an hourly equivalent
sound level given by the following equation.
Ldn =10 log (1/24 [15 (10(Ld/10) + 9 (10(Ln+10)/10 )] )
Where Ld is the equivalent noise level during day time (6A .M. to 9 P.M.)
Ln is the equivalent noise level during night time (9 P.M. to 6 A.M.)
3.3.2.1 OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
To assess the magnitude of impact due to noise sources, it is essential to know the
following:
a. The duration of sound.
b. Distribution through the working day.
c. Overall noise levels.
d. It's composition including frequency and intensity at various intervals of time.
Other factors regarding receiver include
a. The age of the individual.
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EIA report – Chapter 3 3.16
b. The sensitivity of the individual.
c. The efficiency of the protective devices used.
After characterizing the noise sources noise at receiver's location, the impact must be
assessed. The environmental impact of noise can lead to the following effects.
a. Damages the hearing capacity.
b. Interference in communication.
c. Interference with work.
d. Interference with sleep.
e. Causes annoyance.
3.3.3 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED FOR NOISE LEVEL OBSERVATION
For measurement of Ambient Noise level in the Study area, a Digital Sound Level Meter
(Make & Model: Lutron SL-4001) was used. The instrument was calibrated with a
Standard Acoustic calibrator before using in the field. The measurements were carried
out continuously for the 24-hour period to obtain hourly equivalent sound pressure level,
1 hour Leq. From these values, day and night time as well as 24-hour Leq values were
also calculated. The Leq is the equivalent continuous sound level, which is equivalent to
the same sound energy as the fluctuating sound measured in the same period.
Table No. 3.3.1 : GUIDANCE FOR ASSESSMENT OF REPRESENTATIVENESS AND RELIABILITY OF
BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES
Attributes Sampling Measurement
Method
Remarks
Noise Network Frequency
Hourly equivalent
noise levels
Identified study
area
Once in each
season
Instrument:
Noise level meter
IS:4954-1968 as
adopted by CPCB
Hourly equivalent
noise levels
In plant
(1.5 m from
machinery)
Once Instrument:
Noise level meter
CPCB/OSHA
Hourly equivalent
noise levels
Highways Once in each
season
Instrument:
Noise level meter
CPCB/IS:4954-1968
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3.3.4 NOISE LEVEL OBSERVATIONS IN THE STUDY AREA
Baseline noise levels have been monitored at different locations within the study zone of
the plant. 8 nos. of stations have been selected for measurement of noise levels and
their distances with respect to site are shown in Table 3.3.2.
TABLE 3.3.2
NOISE LEVEL MONITORING STATIONS
TABLE 3.3.3
EQUIVALENT DAY NIGHT NOISE LEVELS
S.No. STATION EQUIVALENT NOISE LEVELS (dBA) Standard
DAY NIGHT DAY-NIGHT
1. Plant Site * 63 55 63.8 Industrial *
Day time – 75 dBA
Night time – 70 dBA
Residential **
Day time – 55 dBA
Night time – 45 dBA
Commercial areas #
Day time – 65 dBA
Night time – 55 dBA
Silence Zone ##
Day time – 50 dBA
Night time – 40 dBA
2. Tharakhpur ** 48 33 46.7
3. Juhli ** 45 36 45.4
4. Dhaniya 50 44 51.9
5. Sipat X Road # 60 51 60.4
6. Hindadih ## 46 34 45.3
7. Bhadrapara ** 49 38 48.6
8. NTPC Sipat Quarters ** 47 32 45.7
S.No. STATION DIRECTION w.r.t site
DISTANCE (in Kms.)
CRITERIA FOR SELECTION
1. Plant Site --- --- Represents the Plant site & Industrial
activity
2. Tharakhpur NW 2.2 Represents Residential area
3. Juhli NE 3.2 Represents Residential area
4. Dhaniya SE 2.0 Represents adjacent to
District Road
5. Sipat X Road SW 5.2 Represents Commercial area (Junction
Road)
6. Hindadih SW 1.0 Represents Silence zone (School)
7. Bhadrapara W 0.5 Represents nearest residential area
8. NTPC Sipat Quarters
SWW 6.5 Represents Township area
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3.3.5 INTERPRETATION OF NOISE LEVEL MONITORING
• *The noise levels monitored at Existing Plant are within the norms prescribed for
Industrial Zone.
• # The noise levels monitored at Sipat X Road are within the norms prescribed for
Commercial Zone.
• ## The noise levels monitored at Silence zone (i.e. Hindadih School) are within the norms
prescribed for Silence Zone.
• The noise levels monitored at all residential areas are within the norms prescribed for
Residential Zone.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 3 3.19
3.4 WATER QUALITY IMPACTS
3.4.1 SURFACE WATER QUALITY
Lilagarh river is flowing at distance of 3.3 Kms. from the project site. Surface water
samples from Lilagarh river were collected from Upstream and Downstream. The analysis
is furnished in Table No. 3.4.1. Kurung Left Bank Canal is passing at distance of 5.0 Kms.
from the project site. The analysis is furnished in Table No. 3.4.2.
TABLE No. 3.4.1 : SURFACE WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS
Station: Lilagarh River Month: May 2016
S.No. PARAMETER UNIT Up Stream Down Stream Standard as per BIS: 2296 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1. Colour ----- ----- -----
2. pH 7.5 7.4 6.5-8.5
3. Turbidity NTU 4.2 4.5 -----
4. Electrical Conductivity ms/cm 216 214 -----
5. Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 129 128 500
6. DO mg/l 7.3 7.2 ---
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
7. Total Hardness mg/l 126 124 1500
8. Calcium Hardness mg/l 78 77 200
9. Magnesium Hardness mg/l 48 47 100
10. Alkalinity mg/l 85 87 -----
11. Sulphates mg/l 42 44 400
12. Chlorides mg/l 68 65 600
13. Nitrates as NO3 mg/l 3.5 3.9 20
14. Fluoride as F mg/l 0.25 0.29 1.5
15. Sodium as Na mg/l 25 27 -----
16. BOD mg/l 1.6 1.8 3
17. COD mg/l 6.1 5.9 -----
18. Residual chlorine mg/l <0.01 <0.01 -----
19. Cyanides as CN- mg/l <0.01 <0.01 0.05
20. Phenols as C6H5OH mg/l Absent Absent 0.005
21. Hexavalent chromium as Cr mg/l <0.01 <0.01 0.05
22. Iron as Fe mg/l 1.6 1.5 50
23. Copper as Cu mg/l <0.01 <0.01 1.5
24. Arsenic as As mg/l <0.01 <0.01 0.2
25. Selenium mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
26. Cadmium as cd mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
27. Boron as B mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
28. Mercury as Mg mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.01
29. Lead as Pb mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
30. Silica as SiO2 mg/l 4.3 3.9 ----
31. Mineral oil mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
32. Total coliforms (MPN/ 86 90 5000
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 3 3.20
100 ml)
TABLE NO. 3.4.2 : SURFACE WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS
Station: Kurung Left Bank Canal Month: May 2016
S.No. PARAMETER UNIT Concentration Standard as per BIS: 2296
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1. Colour ----- -----
2. pH 7.1 6.5-8.5
3. Turbidity NTU 4.6 -----
4. Electrical Conductivity ms/cm 246 -----
5. Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 147 500
6. DO mg/l 7.8 ---
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
7. Total Hardness mg/l 125 1500
8. Calcium Hardness mg/l 78 200
9. Magnesium Hardness mg/l 48 100
10. Alkalinity mg/l 118 -----
11. Sulphates mg/l 39 400
12. Chlorides mg/l 86 600
13. Nitrates as NO3 mg/l 5.5 20
14. Fluoride as F mg/l 0.2 1.5
15. Sodium as Na mg/l 26 -----
16. BOD mg/l 1.7 3
17. COD mg/l 6.5 -----
18. Residual chlorine mg/l <0.01 -----
19. Cyanides as CN- mg/l <0.01 0.05
20. Phenols as C6H5OH mg/l Absent 0.005
21. Hexavalent chromium as Cr mg/l <0.01 0.05
22. Iron as Fe mg/l 0.26 50
23. Copper as Cu mg/l <0.01 1.5
24. Arsenic as As mg/l <0.01 0.2
25. Selenium mg/l <0.01 <0.01
26. Cadmium as cd mg/l <0.01 <0.01
27. Boron as B mg/l <0.01 <0.01
28. Mercury as Mg mg/l <0.001 <0.01
29. Lead as Pb mg/l <0.01 <0.01
30. Silica as SiO2 mg/l 5.6 ----
31. Mineral oil mg/l <0.01 <0.01
32. Total coliforms (MPN/100 ml)
42 5000
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3.4.1.1 INTERPRETATION OF SURFACE WATER ANALYSIS
The following are the analytical values of the surface water samples collected for the
following parameters.
pH : 7.1 to 7.5 DO (in mg/l) : 7.2 to 7.8 BOD (in mg/l) : 1.6 to 1.8 COD (in mg/l) : 5.9 to 6.5 TDS (in mg/l) : 128 to 147 Sulphates (in mg/l) : 39 to 44 Chlorides (in mg/l) : 65 to 86
All the parameters in the water samples collected are in confirmity with BIS: 2296
3.4.2 GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS
The ground water samples have been collected and analyzed for various parameters like
pH, Suspended Solids, Total Dissolved Solids, Temperature, Total Hardness, Calcium
Hardness, Magnesium hardness, Alkalinity, Fluoride, Chloride, Sulphates, Nitrates,
Phenolic compounds, Heavy metals etc. and is compared with the standards to know the
water quality. Selection of sampling locations will be generally done based on the
following factors:
• Representation of project site.
• Topography
• Industrial Areas
• Residential areas
• Agricultural Activity
Eight numbers of ground water samples from bore wells were collected from the near by
villages to assess ground water quality impacts. The ground water sampling locations and
their distances from the project site are shown in Table No. 3.4.3. These water samples
are analyzed for various parameters as per IS: 10500. The ground water characteristics
were shown in Table Nos. 3.4.4 to 3.4.11. The Ground water sampling stations are shown
in Fig. 3.3.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 3 3.22
TABLE 3.4.3
GROUND WATER QUALITY SAMPLING STATIONS
S.No. STATION DIRECTION DISTANCE IN KMS.
CRITERIA FOR SELECTION
1. Plant Site --- --- Borewell sample representing project site
2. Pipranar NEE 5.5 Sample from Govt. borewell selected based on
topography (upstream)
3. Kalichhapar NE 3.0 Borewell sample representing Agricultural
Activity & also based on Topography
(Upstream)
4. Dhaniya SE 2.0 Sample from Govt. borewell selected based on
topography (upstream)
5. Sankar SSE 6.8 Sample from Govt. borewell selected based on
topography (downstream)
6. Hindadih SW 1.0 Sample from Govt. borewell selected based on
topography (upstream)
7. Bhadrapara W 0.5 Borewell sample representing Nearest
Habitation
8. Sipat SWW 6.5 Sample from Govt. Borewell representing
Urban area
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
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Ground Water Quality Sampling Station
(10 Kms. radius)
Sampling Station
Hindadih
Bhadrapara Plant Site
Sipat
Dhaniya
Kalichhapar
Sankar
Pipranar
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Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 3 3.24
TABLE 3.4.4
GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS
Sampling Location: Plant Site Month: May 2016
S.No. PARAMETER Standard as per IS: 10500
Desirable limit (Permissible limit)
UNIT CONCENTRATION
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1. Colour --- -- ---
2. Odour U/O -- --
3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 7.8
4. Turbidity 5 (10) NTU 3.5
5. Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm 644
6. Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 386
7. Total Suspended Solids --- mg/l 1.4
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
8. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l 260
9. Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l 161
10. Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l 99
11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 170
12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 118
13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 210
14. Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l 3.6
15. Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l 0.4
16. Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l 80
17. Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l <0.01
18. Cyanides as CN- 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
19. Phenols as C6H5OH 0.001 (0.002) mg/l Absent
20. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.022
22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01
23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
24. Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01
27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001
28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
29. Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l 2.1
30. Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) Mg/l <0.01
31. Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) Mg/l <0.01
32. Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent
U/O – Unobjectionable
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 3 3.25
TABLE 3.4.5
GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS
Sampling Location: Pipranar Month: May 2016
S.No. PARAMETER Standard as per IS: 10500
Desirable limit (Permissible limit)
UNIT CONCENTRATION
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1. Colour --- --- ---
2. Odour --- --- ---
3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 --- 7.2
4. Turbidity 5 (10) NTU 2.4
5. Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm 511
6. Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 329
7. Total Suspended Solids --- mg/l 1.0
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
8. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l 208
9. Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l 125
10. Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l 83
11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 142
12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 129
13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 151
14. Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l 2.7
15. Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l 0.7
16. Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l 72
17. Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l <0.01
18. Cyanides as CN- 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
19. Phenols as C6H5OH 0.001 (0.002) mg/l Absent
20. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.021
22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01
23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
24. Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01
27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001
28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
29. Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l 3.2
30. Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) mg/l <0.01
31. Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) mg/l <0.01
32. Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent
U/O – Unobjectionable
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 3 3.26
TABLE 3.4.6
GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS
Sampling Location: Kalichhapar Month: May 2016
S.No. PARAMETER Standard as per IS: 10500
Desirable limit (Permissible limit)
UNIT CONCENTRATION
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1. Colour --- --- ---
2. Odour --- --- ---
3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 --- 7.1
4. Turbidity 5 (10) NTU 2.2
5. Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm 448
6. Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 264
7. Total Suspended Solids --- mg/l 0.9
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
8. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l 223
9. Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l 145
10. Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l 78
11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 241
12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 92
13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 132
14. Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l 3.1
15. Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l 0.5
16. Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l 91
17. Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l <0.01
18. Cyanides as CN- 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
19. Phenols as C6H5OH 0.001 (0.002) mg/l Absent
20. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.001
21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.020
22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01
23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
24. Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01
27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001
28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
29. Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l 2.4
30. Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) mg/l <0.01
31. Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) mg/l <0.01
32. Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent
U/O – Unobjectionable
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 3 3.27
TABLE 3.4.7
GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS
Sampling Location: Dhaniya Month: May 2016
S.No. PARAMETER Standard as per IS: 10500
Desirable limit (Permissible limit)
UNIT CONCENTRATION
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1. Colour --- --- ---
2. Odour --- --- ---
3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 --- 7.4
4. Turbidity 5 (10) NTU 2.3
5. Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm 591
6. Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 365
7. Total Suspended Solids --- mg/l 0.9
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
8. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l 267
9. Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l 176
10. Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l 91
11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 215
12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 135
13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 175
14. Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l 2.2
15. Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l 0.7
16. Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l 87
17. Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l <0.01
18. Cyanides as CN- 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
19. Phenols as C6H5OH 0.001 (0.002) mg/l Absent
20. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.022
22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01
23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
24. Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01
27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001
28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
29. Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l 3.3
30. Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) mg/l <0.01
31. Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) mg/l <0.01
32. Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent
U/O – Unobjectionable
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 3 3.28
TABLE 3.4.8
GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS
Sampling Location: Sankar Month: May 2016
S.NO. PARAMETER Standard as per IS: 10500
Desirable limit (Permissible limit)
UNIT CONCENTRATION
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1. Colour --- --- ---
2. Odour --- --- ---
3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 7.5
4. Turbidity 5 (10) NTU 3.4
5. Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm 552
6. Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 331
7. Total Suspended Solids --- mg/l 1.4
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
8. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l 220
9. Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l 134
10. Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l 86
11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 169
12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 125
13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 156
14. Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l 2.6
15. Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l 0.4
16. Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l 72
17. Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l <0.01
18. Cyanides as CN- 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
19. Phenols as C6H5OH 0.001 (0.002) mg/l Absent
20. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.001
21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.024
22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01
23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
24. Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01
27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001
28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
29. Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l 2.2
30. Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) mg/l <0.01
31. Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) mg/l <0.01
32. Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent
U/O – Unobjectionable
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 3 3.29
TABLE 3.4.9
GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS
Sampling Location: Hindadih Month: May 2016
S.NO. PARAMETER Standard as per IS: 10500
Desirable limit (Permissible limit)
UNIT CONCENTRATION
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1. Colour --- --- ---
2. Odour --- --- ---
3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 7.5
4. Turbidity 5 (10) NTU 3.6
5. Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm 452
6. Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 301
7. Total Suspended Solids --- mg/l 1.4
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
8. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l 281
9. Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l 191
10. Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l 90
11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 181
12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 111
13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 145
14. Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l 3.2
15. Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l 0.6
16. Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l 74
17. Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l <0.01
18. Cyanides as CN- 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
19. Phenols as C6H5OH 0.001 (0.002) mg/l Absent
20. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.001
21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.023
22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01
23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
24. Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01
27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001
28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
29. Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l 2.5
30. Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) mg/l <0.01
31. Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) mg/l <0.01
32. Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent
U/O – Unobjectionable
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 3 3.30
TABLE 3.4.10
GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS
Sampling Location: Bhadrapara Month: May 2016
S.NO. PARAMETER Standard as per IS: 10500
Desirable limit (Permissible limit)
UNIT CONCENTRATION
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1. Colour --- ---
2. Odour
3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 7.3
4. Turbidity 5 (10) NTU 1.8
5. Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm 486
6. Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 304
7. Total Suspended Solids --- mg/l 0.7
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
8. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l 208
9. Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l 141
10. Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l 67
11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 133
12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 110
13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 148
14. Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l 2.4
15. Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l 0.5
16. Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l 81
17. Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l <0.01
18. Cyanides as CN- 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
19. Phenols as C6H5OH 0.001 (0.002) mg/l Absent
20. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.021
22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01
23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
24. Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01
27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001
28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
29. Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l 2.3
30. Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) Mg/l <0.01
31. Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) Mg/l <0.01
32. Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent
U/O – Unobjectionable
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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TABLE 3.4.11
GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS
Sampling Location: Sipat Month: May 2016
S.No. PARAMETER Standard as per IS: 10500
Desirable limit (Permissible limit)
UNIT CONCENTRATION
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1. Colour --- ---
2. Odour
3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 7.3
4. Turbidity 5 (10) NTU 1.8
5. Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm 752
6. Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 451
7. Total Suspended Solids --- mg/l 0.7
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
8. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l 270
9. Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l 184
10. Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l 86
11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 182
12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 153
13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 230
14. Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l 3.5
15. Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l 0.33
16. Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l 94
17. Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l <0.01
18. Cyanides as CN- 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
19. Phenols as C6H5OH 0.001 (0.002) mg/l Absent
20. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.024
22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01
23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
24. Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01
26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01
27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001
28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01
29. Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l 2.6
30. Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) Mg/l <0.01
31. Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) Mg/l <0.01
32. Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent
U/O – Unobjectionable
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3.4.2.1 INTERPRETATION OF GROUND WATER ANALYSIS
The following are the Analysis results collected during study period
pH : 7.1 to 7.8 TSS : 0.72 to 1.4 mg/l TDS : 264 to 451 mg/l Total Hardness : 208 to 281 mg/l Chlorides : 132 to 230 mg/l Fluoride : 0.33 to 0.70 mg/l Heavy Metals (Iron -Fe) : 0.02 to 0.024 mg/l Heavy metals are within the limits. The Groundwater sample analysis indicates that all Physical, Chemical & Bacteriological
parameters of all the samples collected are within the Potable water standards as per BIS-
10500 standards.
3.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT
3.5.1 HYDROGEOLOGY OF THE STUDY AREA
A detailed Hydrogeological Study has been carried for proposed project and same is
enclosed as Appendix – 1. The main observations and finding of the study are as follows:
i. The annual normal rainfall in the area is 1343 mm, which constitute 87 % monsoon
rainfall (1170.8 mm). The average annual rainfall of the district is 1082 mm (Source:
CGWB).
ii. The three major Cherty shale & dolomite aquifer system developed in the area are given
below:
• Unconfined aquifer having depth range of 5 to 30 m.
• Semi-confined aquifer having depth range of 30 to 70 m.
• Confined aquifer in the depth range of 70 to 150 m.
iii. The average water level in the core zone in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon is 8.25
mbgl and 0.56 mbgl respectively. The annual fluctuation is 7.70 m.
iv. The average of water level in the buffer zone in pre-monsoon and in post-monsoon is
8.00 m mbgl and 2.5 mbgl respectively. The annual fluctuation is 5.5 m.
v. Pumping test carried out at plant area to estimate auifer parameters viz T=330 m2/d, K
= 3.30 m/d, Sy = 0.03, Aquifer thickness ˜ 100 m and safe distance ˜120 m.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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vi. The groundwater flow direction is North to South and South to North toward the Lilagar
Nadi. The general groundwater flow is following the path of the Lilagar Nadi. There is
confluence of hydraulic gradient towards the river in the buffer zone.
vii. During pumping, there will be induced infiltration due to withdrawal of water from the
system and creation of infiltration zone. The reduction in surface flow will be 0.013
MCM. The induced infiltration in post-pumping will increase groundwater recharge to
the tune of 0.011 MCM.
viii. The water table in the buffer zone is in the range of 295 m amsl to 245 m amsl. The
average hydraulic gradient of ground water flow is 6.86 x 10-3. In the core zone water
table is in between 280 and 275m amsl.
ix. The project area constitutes Limestone, Cherty shale & dolomite, a potential aquifer to
sustain six tubewells at a discharge rate of 9.0 m3/hr for 12 hr pumping in a day to yield
648 m3/day groundwater for existing washery use. The safe distance between two
tubewells will be 120 m.
x. The groundwater resource estimation for 10 km buffer zone on annual basis has been
done following the GWRE 2011 guidelines.
Gross recharge due to rainfall - 51.40 MCM Natural discharge - 2.57 MCM Net groundwater available - 48.83 MCM Annual ground water draft - 15.45 MCM Allocation for next 25 years - 3.8 MCM Groundwater balance - 29.58 MCM The stage of groundwater development - 32% Category of groundwater development - Safe
xi. The additional surface water withdrawal of 500 m3/day for the proposed washery will
cause draft of 0.17 MCM. There will not be any further ground water withdrawal for
proposed washery thus the area will remain under the safe category on groundwater
resources consideration. However, the Masturi block comes under safe zone as per
CGWA estimation.
xii. The water quality of tube wells located within the project area and buffer zone are well
within the permissible limits except magnesium hardness in higher side. The washery
will operate under the zero-discharge concept. There will be a sedimentation tank for
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
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reuse of waste water. There will not be any ground water pollution due to proposed
washery activity.
xiii. Rain water harvesting have been done. It is found that due to shallow water level in post
monsoon period and good infiltration rate there will be rejection of rainwater
harvesting in the project area. However, it is planned to recharge 0.033 MCM m3/y in
Plant area.
xiv. As the area falls under the safe category as per CGWA and the total abstraction of
groundwater is 583 m3/day, the Central Ground Water Authority has issued permission
to abstract ground water with Rain Water Harvesting scheme to be implemented.
xv. The surface water resource availability at Bhawaradih Anycut have been estimated to
the tune of 1.56 MCM/year. The requirement of washery plant is 0.17 MCM/year, which
accounts only 11 % of total availability. Thus, there is apple water available at Anycut.
The daily water availability is also estimated in the range of 153900 to 470 m/day.
Whereas the requirement of plant is only 500m3/day. The status of water have also
been checked and concluded that there is surplus water available at Anycut through of
the year except in the month of May where there will be shortfall of 30 m /day. The
proponent will make necessary rainwater storage capacity of 1000m3 in the plant area
to overcome shortfall. The study have also done to investigate the impact of surface
water withdrawal from Anycut on downstream users. The study confirm that area is
under canal command of Khutaghat Dam. Further the observation of Hydrographic
Network station No. W-11, located at Bhawaradih village, exhibit depth to water level in
premonsoon period is 3.28 m below ground level and 0.62 m below ground level in post
monsoon period. Incase water is not withdrawn from the Anycut there will be water
logging in the agriculture field which lead to reduction in crop yield. The downstream
water of Anycut is allowed to flow and confluence into Lilagar Nadi at the distance of
500 m due south.
The Hydrological study conclude that there is a sufficient surface water available at Anycut
to meet additional water requirement to plant. There will not be any adverse impact of
surface water withdrawal on downstream computing users. The area under study is in
canal command having ground water recharge through return flow. The radius of
influence due to pumping of ground water is well within plant area due to cyclic ground
water recharge observed in piezometer and hydrographic network stations. It is concluded
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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that there is no impact of ground water withdrawal of ground water due to washery use
further the study also conclude there is sufficient ground water available in the plant area
to cater the need of washery use
3.5.2 MINERAL RESERVES
There are no mineral reserves in the study area.
3.5.3 SEISMIC EFFECT
The project site falls in zone-1 of Seismic Zone classification of India.
Project site
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3.5.4 LAND USE PATTERN
The following is the land use pattern within 10 Km radius of the project site & LULC map
and Satellite Imagery are shown below:
Table 3.5.1 – LULC Break up within 10 Km. radius
S.No. LANDUSE AREA (Sq. km) %
1. BUILT- UP LAND A. Settlements B. Industrial area
14.444 12.874
4.6 4.1
2. WATERBODIES A. Tank / River / Reservoir / Major Canal etc.
21.352
6.8
3. FOREST A. Scrub forest
57.776
18.4
4. CROP LAND A. Single crop B. Double crop
142.556 32.656
45.4 10.4
5. WASTELANDS A. Land with scrub B. Land without scrub
17.584 14.758
5.6 4.7
TOTAL 314 100
BAR DIAGRAM SHOWING LAND USE & LAND COVER OF THE STUDY AREA
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Plant Site
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Plant Site
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3.5.5 SOIL ENVIRONMENT
Eight (8) no. of soil samples were collected and for analyzed for various parameters like
texture, infiltration rate, bulk density, pH, Ca, Nitrogen, Potash, Available Phosphorous as
P2O5, Mn, Zn, Pb etc. The Soil samples are taken from depth of 15 to 90 cm will be
collected. The Physio-chemical characteristics of soil were analyzed using standard
methods.
Selection of sampling locations will be generally done based on the following factors:
• Representation of project site.
• Industrial Areas
• Residential areas
• Agricultural Activity
• Proximity to the Forest
• Proximity to Water body
The soil quality sampling locations and their distances from the project site are shown in
Table 3.5.2. The soil characteristics are shown in Table No. 3.5.3. The soil quality sampling
stations are shown in fig. 3.9.
TABLE 3.5.2
SOIL QUALITY SAMPLING STATIONS
S.No. STATION DIRECTION DISTANCE
IN KMS.
CRITERIA FOR SELECTION
1. Plant Site (S1) --- --- Sample representing the project site
2. Kalichhapar (S2) NE 3.0 Sample representing near Forest area
3. Bhadrapara (S3) W 0.5 Sample representing nearby Residential area
4. Lutra (S4) SEE 3.9 Sample representing Residential area
5. Dhanpur (S5) SE 4.2 Sample representing Agricultural Activity
6. Hindadih (S6) SW 1.0 Sample representing Residential area
7. Sipat (S7) SWW 6.5 Sample representing Commercial area
8. Nargora (S8) NW 4.2 Sample representing Agricultural Activity
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Soil Quality Sampling Station
(10 Kms. radius)
Sampling Station
Hindadih
Bhadrapara Plant Site
Sipat
Kalichhapar
Lutra
Dhanpur
Nargora
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TABLE 3.5.3
SOIL CHARACTERISTICS
Month : May 2016
S.No Parameter Units Sampling Locations
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
1. Bulk Density g/cc 1.5 2.3 2.6 1.7 2.1 2.5 1.8 2.2
2. Infiltration rate Cm/sec 1.9 1.7 2.3 1.4 1.9 2.3 2.1 1.8
3. pH --- 7.3 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.4 7.2 7.5 7.8
4. Soil type (Soil texture) --- Clay
Loam
Loamy Sandy
Loam
Sandy
Loam
Loam Loamy Clay
Loam
Loam
5. Calcium mg/100 gm 756 841 952 826 750 890 930 1265
6. Electrical Conductivity µS/cm 135 156 142 140 132 145 176 170
7. Available Nitrogen Kg/Ha 230 210 192 225 285 185 255 310
8. Potassium as K+ Kg/Ha 65.3 52.3 54.5 49.8 58.5 54.7 62.5 68.3
9. Available Phosphorous as
P2O5
Kg/Ha 19.5 22.5 20.5 28.5 27.4 26.8 27.8 33.5
10. Mn mg/100 gm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
11. Zn mg/100 gm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
12. Pb mg/100 gm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
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3.5.4: Soil Standard Classification
S.No. Parameters Classification
1. pH <4.5 extremely acidic 4.51 - 5.0 very strong acidic 5.01 - 5.5 strongly acidic 5.51-6.0 moderately acidic 6.1 - 6.5 slightly acidic 6.51 - 7.3 Neutral 7.31-7.8 slightly alkaline 7.81-8.5 moderately alkaline 8.51 – 9.0 strongly alkaline >9.0 Very strongly alkaline
2. Nitrogen (Kg/ha) Up to 50 very less 51-100 less 110-150 good 151-300 better >300 sufficient
3. Phosphorus (Kg/ha) Up to 15 very less 15 – 30 less 31-50 medium 51-65 on average sufficient 66-80 sufficient >80 more than sufficient
4. Potassium (Kg/ha) 0 – 120 very less 120-180 less 180-240 medium 241-300 average 301-360 better >360 more than sufficient
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
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3.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
Present proposal is for change in technology in the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type
coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery. Proposed change in technology will be
carried out in the existing plant premises without any increase in the extent of land. The coal
washery is located at Hindadih Village, Masturi Tehsil, and Bilaspur District in Chhattisgarh
state. Survey of Ecology and Biodiversity was carried out during March – May 2016 by
Prof.K.B.Reddy (NABET Empanelled FAE for EB & SC).
The total extent of the existing plant land is 27.42 acres. It has zig zag border towards the
western side and it is narrow towards the southern side and wider toward the northern side.
There are crushers, conveyers, stock yards etc. in the north and north-eastern side. Patches or
strips of trees are grown along the boundary of the project site. The entire coal handling and
washing unit area is devoid of any vegetation. Kadamb (Anthocephalus cadamba), Teak
(Tectona grandis) and Gulmohar (Delonix regia) are the most commonly grown plants in the
plant site. A list of plants present in the project site is given in Table 3.6.1.
Table No. 3.6.1 - List of trees, shrubs and perennial climbers found in the core area.
Botanical name Family Local / common name Habit
Abutilon indicum Malvaceae Kanghi Shrub
Acacia nilotica Mimosaceae Babul / Babool Tree
Albizia procera Mimosaceae Safed Siris Tree
Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae Saptaparni Tree
Anthocephalus cadamba Rubiaceae Kadamb Tree
Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Neem Tree
Butea monosperma Fabaceae Palash Tree
Calotropis gigantea Asclepiadaceae Arakha Shrub
Calotropis procera Asclepiadaceae Arakha Shrub
Chamaedorea sefritzii Arecaceae Bamboo Palm Palm
Chromolaena odorata Asteraceae Siam weed Shrub
Decalepis hamiltoni Periplocaceae Nannari Climber
Delonix regia Caesalpiniaceae Gulmohar Tree
Hemidesmus indicus Apocynaceae Anantamul Climber
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Malvaceae China Rose Shrub
Hyptis suaveolens Lamiaceae American Mint Herb
Ipomoea carnea Convolvulaceae Morning glory Shrub
Lantana camara Verbenaceae Nagabari Shrub
Leptadenia reticulata Apocynaceae Jiwanti Climber
Madhuca longifolia Sapotaceae Mahuva Tree
Malachra capitata Malvaceae Van Bhindi Shrub
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Botanical name Family Local / common name Habit
Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae Mango Tree
Pergularia daemia Apocynaceae Utaran Climber
Phoenix sylvestris Arecaceae Bankhajuri Palm
Prosopis spicigera Mimosaceae Kejdi Tree
Prosopis juliflora Mimosaceae Mesquite Thorny bush
Psidium gaujava Myrtaceae Guava Tree
Spathodea companulata Bignoniaceae African Tulip Tree
Tectona grandis Vebenaceae Teak / Sagwan Tree
Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae Arjun Tree
Wattakaka volubilis Apocynaceae Green Milk weed Climber
Xanthium strumarium Asteraceae Chota dhatura Shrub
Environmental, vegetation and Flora of the buffer zone
The existing coal wahsery is located in an area of 27.42 acres at Hindadih Village, Masturi
Tehsil, Bilaspur District of Chhattisgarh State. The buffer zone extending up to 10 Km radius is
surrounded by paddy fields that are irrigated by the Kurung Left Bank Canal. There are hill
forests towards the North and North East and Protected Forests towards South East in the
Buffer Zone. Trees are mainly confined to field bunds, avenue plantations, and canal bank
plantations. There is dense non–forest scrub towards the western banks and open scrub
towards the Eastern bank of Lilagar Nadi towards the southern side of the project site. There
are several small stunted bushes of Palash (Butea monosperma), all along the bunds of fields
and also in the wastelands. There are a few Safed Siris (Albizia procera), Arjun (Termnalia
arjuna), Babul (Acacia nilotica), Neem (Melia azadirachta), Amaltas (Cassia fistula), Mahuva
(Madhuca longifolia) and a few shrubs of Mesquite (Proposis juliflora). But it was extensively
covered by perennial grasses, herbs and a few shrubs. Non-palatable shrubs of Hyptis
suaveolens and Xanthium strumarium seem to be quite abundant especially along the
boundary. Many small scattered weeds were found in some areas but they were mostly dry
owing to hot and dry summer. There are no water bodies or wetlands or plantations or forests
or croplands in the core area. Lilagar river is the nearest river to the project site. There are
also several palatable and non-palatable forbs and grasses. A list of plants found in the buffer
zone during the period of survey is given in Table 3.6.2. But there are no ecologically sensitive
areas or rare or endangered or threatened (RET) species of flora or fauna within the study
area comprising of both the core area and its buffer zone of 10 Km radius.
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Table No. 3.6.2 - List of trees, shrubs and perennial climbers found in the buffer zone of the
plant site
Botanical name Family Local / common name Habit
Abrus precatorius Fabaceae Kaincha Creeper
Acacia auriculiformis Mimosaceae Australian Wattle Tree
Acacia catechu Mimosaceae Khair Tree
Acacia nilotica Mimosaceae Babul / Babool Tree
Aegle marmelos Rutaceae Bel Tree
Aganosoma dichotoma Apocynaceae Malati Creeper
Aibizia lebbeck Mimosaceae Siris / Kala sirus Tree
Ailanthus excelsa Simaroubaceae Mahalimbo Tree
Alangium salvifolium Alangiaceae Ankula Tree
Albizia odoratissima Mimosaceae Kala siris Tree
Albizia procera Mimosaceae Tentela(sirish-Dhala) Tree
Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae Saptaparni Tree
Annona squamosa Annonaceae Seetaphal Fruit tree
Annona reticculata Annonaceae Raamphal Fruit tree
Anthocephalus cadamba
Rubiaceae Kadamb Tree
Artocarpus heterophyllus
Moraceae Panas Tree
Asparagus recemosus Liliaceae Satabari Creeper
Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Neem Tree
Bauhinia purpurea Caesalpiniaceae Kanchan Tree
Bauhinia racemosa Caesalpiniaceae Ambansia Tree
Bombax ceiba Bombacaceae Semul / Simili Tree
Borassus flabellifer Arecaceae Tal Palm
Boswellia serrata Burseraceae Salai Tree
Butea monosperma Fabaceae Palash Tree
Butea superba Fabaceae Hai palash Tree
Calotropis gigantea Asclepiadaceae Arakha Shrub
Calotropis procera Asclepiadaceae Arakha Shrub
Canthimum dicoccum Rubiaceae Dalsingha Shrub
Carissa spinarum Apocynaceae Karonda Shrub
Caryota urens Arecaceae Sarap(Calap) Palm
Cassia fistula Caesalpiniaceae Simaro Tree
Cassia siamea Caesalpiniaceae Chakhunda Tree
Chromolaena odorata Asteraceae Siam weed Shrub
Cissus quadrangularis Vitaceae Vitaceae Succulent twiner
Cissus vitiginea Vitaceae Vitaceae Climbing Shrub
Cocos nucifera Arecaceae Coconut Palm
Combretum decandrum Combretaceae Atundi Climber
Crataeva religiosa Capparaceae Barun Tree
Dalbergia paniculata Caesalpiniaceae Barabakulia Tree
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Botanical name Family Local / common name Habit
Dalbergia sisoo Caesalpiniaceae Sisoo Tree
Decalepis hamiltonii Periplocaceae Nannari Climber
Delonix elata Caesalpiniaceae Radhachuda Tree
Delonix regia Caesalpiniaceae Gulmohur Tree
Dendrocalamus strictus Poaceae Bamboo Bamboo
Dioscorea alata Dioscoreaceae Kanta alu Creeper
Dioscorea bulbifera Dioscoreaceae Pitalu Creeper
Dioscorea pentaphylla Dioscoreaceae Banaalu Creeper
Dispyros chlorohylon Ebenaceae Mankadkendu Tree
Erythrina indica Fabaceae Paldhua Tree
Eucalyptus sp Myrtaceae Eucalyptus Agro forest tree
Ficus benghalensis Moraceae Banyan / Bata / Bad Tree
Ficus racemosa Moraceae Cluster Fig Tree
Ficus religiosa Moraceae Pipal / Aswatha Tree
Gmelina arborea Verbenaceae Gambhari Tree
Grevillea robusta Proteaceae Silver Oak Tree
Hemidesmus indicus Apocynaceae Anantamul Climber
Holoptelia integrifolia Ulmaceae Dhauranja Tree
Ipomoea carnea Convolvulaceae Morning glory Shrub
Ixora parvifora Rubiaceae Bhuin kuruma Shrub
Jaminum arborescens Oleaceae Bana mali Creeper
Jasminum auriculatum Oleaceae Juhi Creeper
Lagerstroemia parviflora
Lythraceae Sidha / Sudha / Senha Tree
Lantana camara Verbenaceae Nagabari Shrub
Leptadenia reticulata Apocynaceae Jiwanti Climber
Leucaena leucocephala Mimosaceae Subabul Agro forest tree
Madhuca longifolia Sapotaceae Mahuva / Mahul Tree
Malachra capitata Malvaceae Van Bhindi Shrub
Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae Amba / Mango Fruit Tree
Melia azadirachata Meliaceae Buckain Tree
Michelia champaca Magnoliaceae Champa Tree
Moringa oleifera Moringaceae Sajana (muniga) Tree
Moringa tinctoria Moringaceae Achhu Tree
Neolamarckia cadamba
Rubiaceae Kadamb Tree
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Oleaceae Gangasiuli Small tree
Ouginea oujonensis Fabaceae Bandhana Tree
Pergularia daemia Apocynaceae Utaran Climber
Phoenix sylvestris Arecaceae Bankhajuri Palm
Phyllanthus emblica Euphorbiaceae Amla Fruit tree
Pithecellobium dulce Mimosaceae Jungle jalebi Tree
Plumbago indica Plumbaginaceae Raktchita Shrub
Polyalthia longifolia Annonaceae Debadaru / Ashok Tree
Polyalthia pendula Annonaceae Ashok Tree
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Botanical name Family Local / common name Habit
Pongamia pinnata Fabaceae Karanja Tree
Prosopis spicigera Mimosaceae Kejdi Tree
Prosopis julifloa Mimosaceae Mesquite Thorny bush
Psidium guajava Myrtaceae Guava Fruit Tree
Quisqualis indica Combretaceae Burma Creeper Creeper
Randia dumetorum Rubiaceae Salara (Mahana) Shrub
Randia uliginosa Rubiaceae Telkor(Tilok) Shrub
Sapindus emarginatus Sapindaceae Ritha Soap nut tree
Shorea robusta Dipterocarpaceae Sal Timber tree
Streblus asper Moraceae Sahada Tree
Syzigium cumini Myrtaceae Jamun Fruit Tree
Tamarindus indica Caesalpiniaceae Imli Tree
Tectona grandis Verbenaceae Saguan Tree
Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae Arjuna Tree
Thespesia pupulnea Malvaceae Bankapas Tree
Tylophora indica Apocynaceae Indian Ipecac Climber
Vitex negundo Verbenaceae Begunia Small tree
Wattakaka volubilis Apocynaceae Green Milk weed Climber
Wrightia tomentosa Apocynaceae Ludukurum Tree
Ziziphus marutiana Rhamnaceae Borkuli Tree
Ziziphus nummularia Rhamnaceae Kontikoli Tree
Ziziphus oenoplia Rhamnaceae Kanceikoli Tree
Ziziphus xylopyrus Rhamnaceae Ghantol Tree
Medicinal plants found in the study area
A long list of plants used traditionally by the locals of the tribal dominated Chhattisgarh State
has been compiled by the Chhattisgarh State Medicinal Plants Board
(http://india.gov.in/official-website-chhattisgarh-state-medicinal-plants-board) but only a few
of them were found in the study area. Herbal medicine is not familiar in the area and none of
the local medicinal plants are commercially exploited or cultivated. The list of medicinal plants
found in the study area is given as Table No. 3.6.3. It should be noted that none of them
belong to the RET category.
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Table No. 3.6.3 - List of medicinal plants found in the study area during the summer season.
Scientific name Local name Family Ailment
Achyranthes aspera Onga, Chirchita, Apamarg
Amaranthaceae Anti-venom
Asteracantha longifolia
Kokilaaksha Acanthaceae Aphrodisiac and liver protective
Blumea lacera Kukuronda Asteraceae bronchial asthma
Cassia tora Charota Caesalpiniaceae Eczema and ringworm
Catharanthus roseus
Sadaphooli Apocynaceae Flower for diabetes
Chenopodium album
Bathua Chenopodiaceae Skin disorders like Leukoderma
Leucas aspera Gumma Bhaji Lamiaceae Snake repellent and vegetable
Sphaeranthus indicus
Gorakhmundi Asteraceae Eosinophilia and respiratory troubles
Tridax procubens Khal Muriya Asteraceae Wound healing
Terrestrial fauna of the Core area and the Buffer zone
As the animals, especially vertebrates and the winged invertebrates move from place to place
in search of food, shelter, mate, or other biological needs, separate lists for core and buffer
areas are not feasible. As such there are no chances of occurrence of any rare or endangered
or endemic or threatened (REET) species within the core or buffer area. There are no
Sanctuaries, National Parks, Tiger Reserve or Biosphere Reserve or Elephant Corridor or other
protected areas within 10 Km of radius from core area. It is evident from the available
records, reports, and circumstantial evidence that the entire study area including the core and
buffer areas were free from any endangered animals. Among the Mammals, only Squirrels,
Rats, and Bandicoots were seen but rarely during the survey. Monkeys were also rare. Among
the reptiles, Lizards, Garden lizards were very common. No snakes or Monitor lizard was seen
during the survey. The amphibians were also rare. A list of Mammals, Reptiles and
Amphibians either found or reported from the area is given in Table 3.6.4. A list of birds is
given in Table 3.6.5. There were no resident birds other than Crows, Parrots, Doves, Weaver
birds, and Mynas. It is apparent from the list that none of the species either spotted or
reported is included in Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act.
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Table No. 3.6.4: List of vertebrate species other than birds either recorded or reported from
the study area.
MAMMALS
Latin name Common name WPA Schedule
Bandicota indica Large bandicoot Rat V
Funambulus palmarum Three striped squirrel IV
Golunda ellioti myothrix Indian bush rat IV
Herpestes edwardsi Indian grey mongoose IV
Lepus nigricollis Indian hare IV
Macaca mulatta Rhesus monkey II
Mus booduga Common Indian field mouse V
Mus musculus Home Mouse V
Nosokia indica Bandicoot rat V
Rattus rattus Common Indian rat V
Suncus murinus House shrew V
AMPHIBIANS
Bufo melanostictus Common toad IV
Rana cyanophlyctis Skipper frog IV
Rana limnocharis Indian cricket frog IV
Rana tigrina Indian Bull frog IV
REPTILES
Bungarus caeruleus Common Indian Krait II
Calotes versicolor Garden lizard IV
Chrysopelea taprobanica Tree Snake II
Dryphis nasutus Whip Snake II
Echis carinatus Saw scaled viper II
Hemidactylus flaviviridis Indian wall lizard IV
Ptyas mucosa Dhaman / Indian Rat snake II
Typhlops diardii Giant Blind Snake II
Typhlops porrectus Slender Blind Snake II
Varanus bengalensis Common Indian Monitor II
Table No. 3.6.5: List of birds either spotted or reported from the study area.
Latin name Common name WPA Schedule
Acridotheres tristis Common myna IV
Acridotheris tristis Common myna IV
Aegithinia tiphia Common Iora IV
Alcedo atthis Small blue kingfisher IV
Andeolv grayii Pond heron IV
Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret IV
Ceryle rudis Lesser pied Kingfisher IV
Columba livia Blue rock pigeon IV
Coracias benghalensis Indian roller IV
Corvus splendens House crow V
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Latin name Common name WPA Schedule
Dendrocitta vagabunda Indian tree pie IV
Dendrocopus marhatensis Maratha Woodpecker IV
Dicrurus macrocercus Black drongo IV
Egretta garzetta Little egret IV
Halcyon smyrnensis White-Breasted King fisher IV
Merops orientalis Little Green Bee Eater IV
Milvus migrans Black kite (Common) IV
Motacilla alba White wagtail IV
Oriolus oriolus Golden Oriole IV
Passer domesticus House sparrow IV
Phalacrocorax carbo Large Cormorant IV
Phalacrocorax niger Little cormorant IV
Psittacula cyanocephala Blossom headed Parakeet IV
Psittacula krameri Rose-Ringed Parakeet IV
Pycnonotus cafer Red-vented bulbul IV
Saxicolodies fulicata Indian robin IV
Streptopelia chinensis Spotted dove IV
Sturnus contra Pied myna IV
Sturnus pagodrum Brahminy myna IV
Turdoides caudatus Common babbler IV
Tyto alba Barn owl IV
Upupa epops Common hoopoe IV
Aquatic Flora and Fauna of the study area
As there are no wetlands (except seasonal wetlands), perennial water bodies and rivers
except seasonal rivulets, no aquatic flora and fauna could be recorded during the time of
survey in the summer season of 2016.
3.7 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY
In view of the fact that the development is an ever-growing process, its impact is also ever
increasing, leading to rapid deterioration in environmental conditional and human health.
Impact assessment thus ensures that the potential problems are foreseen and addressed at
an early stage in the projects plant and design. Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) & Social
Impact Assessment provides a rational approach to sustainable development.
Social Impact Assessment includes the processes of analysing, monitoring and managing the
intended and unintended social consequences, both positive and negative, of planned
interventions (policies, programs, plans, and developmental activities) on individual, social
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groups and community at large and any social change processes invoked by those
interventions.
3.7.1 OBJECTIVE
The primary objectives of the Social Impact Assessment study are:
• Understanding the baseline socio-economic environment obtaining in the impact zone.
• Identifying the key stakeholders who are likely to be impacted by the establishment of
the proposed project.
• Predicting the positive and negative impacts of the project on the socio-economic
environment in the area.
• Suggesting mitigation measures to minimize the negative impacts.
3.7.2 SCOPE
In keeping with its objectives, the scope of the study extends to:
• Making a reconnaissance of the villages and human settlements within the 10 km radius
from the proposed project site.
• Understanding the overall socio-economic profile of the impact area.
• Assessing the baseline socio-economic environment prevailing in the impact area
focusing the core and buffer zones.
• Identifying key economic sectors and major sources of livelihood in the study area.
• Understanding social structures and lifestyles of people in the area who are likely to be
affected the most by the proposed project.
• Assessing physical and social infrastructure facilities accessible to inhabitants in the
project impact area.
• Predicting the likely socio-economic impacts as a consequence of establishing the
project.
• Suggesting adverse impact mitigation measures in line with the felt needs, aspirations
and expectations of the project affected population.
• Preparing an appropriate Socio-Economic Environment Management Plan.
3.7.3 APPROACH & METHODOLOGY
The basic approach for carrying out the SIA is focused on:
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• Zeroing-in on the project impact area, covering all the villages and other habitations
falling within the 10 km radius from the project site.
• Collecting basic information with respect to constituent villages in terms of census
village code, name of the Tehsil in which a particular village falls, number of households,
population level (as per Census 2011) and growth of village population during the last
decade, distance from the proposed project site etc.
• Identifying critical knowledge/information gaps which impede an objective and reliable
assessment of the socio-economic impacts of the project.
• Zeroing-in on the data/information to be collected for a fair impact assessment and
deciding upon the sources and means to collecting the same.
• Identifying the key stakeholders and potential respondents for collecting the required
information.
• Drawing a sampling frame and sample size specifying villages and number of households
to be contacted for primary data/information collection and agencies to be contacted
for eliciting information on various aspects relevant to the study.
• Assessing the views raised in the Public Hearing and developing a plan (consisting of
Cost, Budget, Monitoring and Evaluation) to implement the needs of people as per
Public hearing outcome.
Methodology
• The Social Impact Assessment (SIA) of the proposed project is relied on a judicious mix
of Secondary (i.e. Census 2011, Govt. Dept., Maps and Literature Research) and Primary
data (i.e. Field survey and Interview / Interactions) collected from different sources.
• Various socio-economic aspects considered for impact assessment include livelihoods,
relocation and rehabilitation, incomes, employment, skills, education, health and overall
lifestyles. The cultural aspects considered are archaeological, historical, religious and
aesthetic places of importance, arts and crafts etc.
• The SIA was carried out in the three distinct stage:
i. Desktop review / research
ii. Field Survey
iii. Data Analysis & its interpretation
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3.7.4 SOCIO ECONOMIC STUDY AREA
The coverage of study extends to all the 45 Census villages and towns falling within the 10 km.
radius, from the plant site, as mandated by MoEF&CC’s ToR. The study area is 314 Sq. Km. The
land utilisation pattern of the study area shows the dominance of single crop land accounting
for 45.4 %. The land under human settlement covers an area of 14.44 Sq. Km., which is mere
4.6 % of the total area. The detailed land use pattern of the study area is furnished above in
Page No. 3.36.
3.7.5 PROJECT IMPACT ZONES
The geographical area for impact assessment extends over 10 Kms. Radius from the project
site and comprises of 45 Villages and towns as listed in Census. To facilitate a more realistic
and objective assessment, the 45 villages / towns are categorized into three zones:
• Core zone (within 2.0 Kms. Radial distance from the project site)
• Buffer zone (> 2 to 5 Kms.)
• Transition zone (> 5 – 10 Kms.)
Table No. 3.7.1 : Key demographics of the study area comprising villages/towns
S.No. Village Name
Distance from
Project Site
(In Kms.)
Direction from
Project site
Total Households
Population
Total Male Female SC ST Average Literacy
(%)
Villages within 0 - 2 Kms distance from the project site
1 Bhadrapara 0.3 W 447 1607 802 805 5 231 66%
2 Bisrampur 0.5 NNW 460 1638 804 834 42 1257 51%
3 Dhaniya 1.7 SE 439 1802 928 874 404 208 67%
4 Hindadih 1.2 SW 291 1366 691 675 584 429 63%
5 Nawapara 1.9 NWW 149 604 300 304 0 498 53%
Sub Total : I 1786 7017 3525 3492 1035 2623 61%
Villages within 2 - 5 Kms distance from the project site
6 Darrabhata 4.7 SSW 845 3862 1986 1876 1188 257 59%
7 Dhanpur 4.6 SE 274 1207 619 588 1125 0 60%
8 Guri 3.1 WWS 693 3471 1727 1744 702 311 61%
9 Jhuli 3.5 NE 336 1430 732 698 392 0 60%
10 Karra 3.3 SW 222 1155 583 572 0 0 60%
11 Lutra 4.2 SEE 446 2089 1037 1052 38 932 65%
12 Nargora 4.4 WWN 666 3204 1572 1632 1640 282 60%
13 Parsahi 3.1 SE 604 2800 1431 1369 122 173 64%
14 Parsapalli 4.5 NE 21 94 46 48 0 94 55%
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15 Ponri 4.5 NW 829 3674 1863 1811 245 1161 59%
16 Sonthi 4.8 NE 684 2955 1448 1507 99 1217 58%
17 Uslapur 2.3 S 132 487 221 266 141 231 55%
Sub Total : II 3940 17888 8933 8955 2677 4090 89%
Villages within 5 - 10 Kms distance from the project site
18 Basda 9.2 NW 160 777 401 376 124 0 58%
19 Bhatapara 6.5 EES 210 858 438 420 57 270 72%
20 Bitkuli 7.7 NNW 226 811 397 414 6 663 56%
21 Chhuiyapara 8.1 NW 117 512 279 233 1 304 49%
22 Dahitpara 6.2 NW 567 2087 1053 1034 1 1590 40%
23 Dhanwarpara 9.3 SW 353 1359 698 661 192 806 55%
24 Janji 8.4 SW 766 3308 1671 1637 1444 94 65%
25 Jhalmala 8.1 WWN 396 1835 940 895 288 163 66%
26 Karma 7.4 NW 381 1681 845 836 69 320 65%
27 Kaudia 6.5 SW 654 3378 1731 1647 462 408 61%
28 Khamariya 5.6 EES 393 1563 785 778 403 249 66%
29 Konwatal 9.3 W 87 362 179 183 43 0 54%
30 Kukda 9.4 E 624 2729 1400 1329 1181 292 60%
31 Kuli 8.2 SE 369 1695 883 812 43 81 73%
32 Modai 6.5 EES 419 1532 735 797 0 1316 51%
33 Motiyari 9.1 SW 82 301 150 151 259 13 53%
34 Murpar 7.1 S 578 2421 1173 1248 100 1635 57%
35 Naikpata 6.8 NW 208 1231 641 590 532 113 56%
36 Nipaniya 6.8 WWN 197 847 407 440 621 0 53%
37 Pachri 9.7 SE 152 633 316 317 2 231 61%
38 Pharhada 8.4 SSE 508 2541 1290 1251 512 19 57%
39 Piparda 8.1 SE 235 1147 566 581 318 124 57%
40 Rampur 6.6 NW 232 1015 523 492 15 213 56%
41 Sanadula 5.5 SSE 113 531 273 258 5 90 48%
42 Sankar 6.7 SSE 115 440 229 211 371 0 62%
43 Sikaripara 8.8 SW 465 2051 1035 1016 445 280 50%
44 Sipat 6.7 SWW 2681 11311 5837 5474 4129 635 68%
45 Uchbaatti 8.6 NWW 467 2271 1177 1094 1239 144 59%
Sub Total : III 11755 51227 26052 25175 12862 10053 61%
Total 17481 76132 38510 37622 16574 16766 67%
It is obvious from the above data that there are 5 no. of villages fall in core impact zone,
accounting for just 9.2 % of the total population in the study area. 12 no. of villages
accounting for 23.5 % of the total population fall in buffer impact zone, while 28 no. of villages
accounting for 67.3 % of the total population fall in transition zone.
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Given the nature of the project, its socio-economic impacts will be more pronounced on the
people inhabiting the core and buffer impact zones rather than on the transition zone. Hence
the study focus was more on the socio-economic conditions obtaining among the households
in the core and buffer zones.
3.7.6 BASELINE DATA AND ANALYSIS OF SURVEYED VILLAGES
3.7.6.1 DESKTOP REVIEW / RESEARCH
A fairly comprehensive desk research to understand the socio-economic setting of the project
area was the first initiative towards carrying out SIA. Accordingly, published and unpublished
information available on the subject was referred, reviewed and critical information gaps
identified by the SIA team.
It was during this stage, the key stakeholders were identified and study instruments –
schedules and checklists – prepared, tested and finalised. Similarly, the sampling frame and
sample size were also designed and finalised. The sampling frame for the study consisted of
villages, households and District and Tehsil level officials, key informants as also local opinion
leaders.
A proportional random sampling technique was followed to select the sample village’s and
households. Accordingly, the sample villages were picked up at random from the three
impact zones considered – Core, Buffer and Transition. The number of households to be
contacted in each sample village was determined on the basis of the size of population of the
respective village. In the absence of household level information, the respondent households
were selected randomly during the course of visit to the respective village. However, while
selecting the respondent households, emphasis was on contacting households, who are
economically poor, susceptible to shifts in livelihood patterns and belonged to vulnerable
social communities.
To ensure the accuracy of the primary data collected from the study area, all the village
specific information was verified from the data of Census 2011 and secondary information
collected from various Govt. Dept., Map, Literature etc.
Accordingly following 20 no. of villages have been selected:
S.No. Village Name 1 Bhadrapara 2 Bisrampur 3 Dhaniya
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4 Hindadih 5 Nawapara 6 Darrabhata 7 Guri 8 Jhuli 9 Lutra
10 Nargora 11 Parsapalli 12 Ponri 13 Dahitpara 14 Janji 15 Kaudia 16 Kukda 17 Murpar 18 Pharhada 19 Sipat 20 Uchbaatti
3.7.6.2 FIELD SURVEY
Field survey helped in collecting fairly reliable primary data with respect to the major
livelihood sources, education, health status, basic amenities and standard of living. It also
helped in eliciting information from the natives about the negative environmental impacts of
industrial units already existing in the area and the measures initiated by them (industrial
units) to mitigate the impacts. Field survey was done during March 2016 to May 2016.
The potential respondents in the sample households were approached personally by
members of the core study team and Field Investigators who explained the purpose of the
visit and solicited their participation by sharing the intended information unbiasedly. The
study team clarified the doubts and addressed the apprehensions expressed by the
respondents. Once the respondents were willing and ready to participate, household level
socio-economic information was collected with the help of a structured questionnaire. A
number of questions were open ended to facilitate capturing perceptions of the respondents
objectively.
In addition, Participatory Rapid Assessment (PRA) tools comprising Villages / Town Transect
Walks, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), Key Informant Interviews and Local Opinion Leader
interviews were used for collecting qualitative information with regards to key socio-
economic challenges of the area.
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Table No.3.7.2 : Village wise Category of Sample Households who interviewed for in depth study
S.No. Village Name Male Female Total
1 Bhadrapara 8 8 16
2 Bisrampur 9 12 21
3 Dhaniya 11 15 26
4 Hindadih 30 28 58
5 Nawapara 6 12 18
6 Darrabhata 11 12 23
7 Guri 7 5 12
8 Jhuli 6 7 13
9 Lutra 14 15 29
10 Nargora 12 10 22
11 Parsapalli 4 3 8
12 Ponri 30 25 55
13 Dahitpara 9 8 17
14 Janji 7 9 16
15 Kaudia 6 6 12
16 Kukda 5 6 11
17 Murpar 9 10 19
18 Pharhada 11 9 20
19 Sipat 30 25 55
20 Uchbaatti 6 7 13
Total 231 232 464
3.7.6.3 DATA ANALYSIS & ITS INTERPRETATION
Table No. 3.7.3 : Demography of the Surveyed villages
S.No. Village Name Total
Households
Population
Total Male Female SC ST Average Literacy
(%)
Sex Ratio
1 Bhadrapara 447 1607 802 805 5 231 66% 1004
2 Bisrampur 460 1638 804 834 42 1257 51% 1037
3 Dhaniya 439 1802 928 874 404 208 67% 942
4 Hindadih 291 1366 691 675 584 429 63% 977
5 Nawapara 149 604 300 304 0 498 53% 1013
6 Darrabhata 845 3862 1986 1876 1188 257 59% 945
7 Guri 693 3471 1727 1744 702 311 61% 1010
8 Jhuli 336 1430 732 698 392 0 60% 954
9 Lutra 446 2089 1037 1052 38 932 65% 1014
10 Nargora 666 3204 1572 1632 1640 282 60% 1038
11 Parsapalli 21 94 46 48 0 94 55% 1043
12 Ponri 829 3674 1863 1811 245 1161 59% 972
13 Dahitpara 567 2087 1053 1034 1 1590 40% 982
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14 Janji 766 3308 1671 1637 1444 94 65% 980
15 Kaudia 654 3378 1731 1647 462 408 61% 951
16 Kukda 624 2729 1400 1329 1181 292 60% 949
17 Murpar 578 2421 1173 1248 100 1635 57% 1064
18 Pharhada 508 2541 1290 1251 512 19 57% 970
19 Sipat 2681 11311 5837 5474 4129 635 68% 938
20 Uchbaatti 467 2271 1177 1094 1239 144 59% 929
Total 12467 54887 27820 27067 14308 10477 61% 973
Population Distribution
As per analysis of primary data & secondary data the distribution of population varies from
place to place. In the Surveyed villages, Sipat is densely populated area. Average Literacy rate
in surveyed villages is 61 %. The avg. sex ratio of surveyed villages is 973. Total household
population come out to be 12467. Average household size is 4.4. The percentage of Male
population is 50.7 % and Female population is 49.3 % i.e. no major difference lies between
Male and Female count.
Vulnerable Group
There are particular groups who, for various reasons, are weak and vulnerable or have
traditionally been victims of violations and consequently require special protection for the
equal and effective enjoyment of their human rights. Such groups fall into reserve category
and the Company has to take special measures to uplift the social strata in this section. The
surveyed villages have very less count of Schedule Tribe and Schedule caste fraction is
comparatively high i.e.26.1 %. The category falling in unreserved category shows the major
occupancy in the area i.e. 57.8 % of the total population.
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Table No. 3.7.4 : Demography of Vulnerable groups
S.No. Village Name Total SC ST Others
1 Bhadrapara 1607 5 231 1371
2 Bisrampur 1638 42 1257 339
3 Dhaniya 1802 404 208 1190
4 Hindadih 1366 584 429 353
5 Nawapara 604 0 498 106
6 Darrabhata 3862 1188 257 2417
7 Guri 3471 702 311 2458
8 Jhuli 1430 392 0 1038
9 Lutra 2089 38 932 1119
10 Nargora 3204 1640 282 1282
11 Parsapalli 94 0 94 0
12 Ponri 3674 245 1161 2268
13 Dahitpara 2087 1 1590 496
14 Janji 3308 1444 94 1770
15 Kaudia 3378 462 408 2508
16 Kukda 2729 1181 292 1256
17 Murpar 2421 100 1635 686
18 Pharhada 2541 512 19 2010
19 Sipat 11311 4129 635 6547
20 Uchbaatti 2271 1239 144 888
Total 54887 14308 10477 30102
Literacy level
Literacy denotes progress of a nation as a whole. The “multiplier effect” of literacy empowers
people, enables them to participate fully in society and contributes to improve livelihoods.
Literacy is also a driver for sustainable development in that it enables greater participation in
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the labour market; improved child and family health and nutrition; reduces poverty and
expands life opportunities. In the surveyed villages male literacy is greater than female
literacy rate. The Company will make efforts in order to fill the lacunae and indirectly
contribute to the progress of the nation. As per the study, the literacy rate (59 %) is average in
the surveyed villages education awareness & education facilities are adequate so there is a
need to create some more awareness. From the survey it is clear that the literacy rate of
female (41 %) is lower as compared to male population (59 %). Male and female literacy rate
of villages vary from place to place. On whole, female literacy level has to be enhanced to
provide a balance in the society and pace towards economic progress of the area.
Table No. 3.7.5 : Literacy rate in the surveyed villages
S.No. Village Name Total Pop.
Total Literate
Population
Literacy Rate
Male Literacy
Male Literacy
Rate
Female Literacy
Female Literacy
rate
1 Bhadrapara 1607 1054 66% 596 57% 458 43%
2 Bisrampur 1638 828 51% 479 58% 349 42%
3 Dhaniya 1802 1204 67% 675 56% 529 44%
4 Hindadih 1366 857 63% 510 60% 347 40%
5 Nawapara 604 318 53% 191 60% 127 40%
6 Darrabhata 3862 2272 59% 1386 61% 886 39%
7 Guri 3471 2126 61% 1217 57% 909 43%
8 Jhuli 1430 865 60% 537 62% 328 38%
9 Lutra 2089 1360 65% 778 57% 582 43%
10 Nargora 3204 1915 60% 1106 58% 809 42%
11 Parsapalli 94 52 55% 30 58% 22 42%
12 Ponri 3674 2170 59% 1256 58% 914 42%
13 Dahitpara 2087 844 40% 531 63% 313 37%
14 Janji 3308 2138 65% 1237 58% 901 42%
15 Kaudia 3378 2065 61% 1209 59% 856 41%
16 Kukda 2729 1625 60% 985 61% 640 39%
17 Murpar 2421 1380 57% 787 57% 593 43%
18 Pharhada 2541 1449 57% 856 59% 593 41%
19 Sipat 11311 7673 68% 4421 58% 3252 42%
20 Uchbaatti 2271 1349 59% 805 60% 544 40%
Total 54887 33544 59% 19592 59% 13952 41%
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Economic Activities
The economy of an area is defined by the occupational pattern and income level of the people
in the area. The occupational structure of residents in the study area is studied with reference
to work category. The population is divided occupation wise into three categories, viz., main
workers, marginal workers and non-workers. The workers include cultivators, agricultural
labourers, those engaged in household industry and other services. While the marginal
workers are those workers, engaged in some work for a period of less than 180 days during
the reference year. The non-workers include those engaged in unpaid household duties,
students, retired persons, dependents, beggars, vagrants etc. besides institutional inmates or
all other non-workers who do not fall under the above categories.
The percentage of total working population and non-working population is 44.1 % and 55.9 %
respectively in the study area.
Table No.3.7.6 : Work force of the surveyed villages
S.No. Village Name Total
Population
Total Worker
Population
Total Non-
Working Population
Main Working
Population
Main Cultivator Population
Main Agricultural Labourers Population
Main Household Industries Population
Main Other
Workers Population
1 Bhadrapara 1607 947 660 536 349 86 20 81
2 Bisrampur 1638 1054 584 442 223 198 2 19
3 Dhaniya 1802 623 1179 157 61 5 4 87
4 Hindadih 1366 532 834 206 52 31 15 108
5 Nawapara 604 365 239 191 80 97 3 11
6 Darrabhata 3862 1781 2081 1426 331 619 5 471
7 Guri 3471 1446 2025 1003 311 356 19 317
8 Jhuli 1430 775 655 335 176 21 3 135
9 Lutra 2089 814 1275 262 79 43 5 135
10 Nargora 3204 1485 1719 1258 306 664 0 288
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 3 3.62
11 Parsapalli 94 47 47 0 0 0 0 0
12 Ponri 3674 1771 1903 901 376 362 34 129
13 Dahitpara 2087 1165 922 584 271 253 12 48
14 Janji 3308 1268 2040 784 121 198 15 450
15 Kaudia 3378 1462 1916 927 359 317 28 223
16 Kukda 2729 1224 1505 960 262 567 2 129
17 Murpar 2421 1298 1123 1049 334 638 11 66
18 Pharhada 2541 967 1574 713 210 250 3 250
19 Sipat 11311 4152 7159 2706 326 531 71 1778
20 Uchbaatti 2271 1035 1236 314 150 9 16 139
Total 54887 24211 30676 14754 4377 5245 268 4864
It is evident from the above on the basis of information obtained from surveyed villages that
the percentage of total working population is low and dependent population is high. This
indicator shows that the economic conditions are not good. They require livelihood
opportunities to upgrade their economic status and fulfil basic needs. Hindi Energy & Coal
Beneficiation (India) Ltd. will provide some direct employment to the local people based on
the qualification and will also provide training opportunity for self-employment generation.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.1
CHAPTER – 4
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
&
MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 INTRODUCTION
Impact prediction is a very important phenomenon in evaluating the environmentally
potential adverse impacts for any proposed industrial project. The impact prediction is
always carried out under worst possible conditions so as to mitigate or to eliminate the
environmental hazards. These predictions thus calculated are superimposed over the
baseline data to calculate the net impact on the environment after the proposed project
comes into production.
4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT
It is possible that increase in the background concentration of even a minor constituent of
the atmosphere may lead to significant changes in the atmospheric properties. So these
changes are essential in understanding potential climatic changes due to air pollutants. For
example under strongly stable condition, disturbances are highly damped and mixing of
pollutants is strongly suppressed. It is under such conditions that the worst air pollution
episodes have occurred.
Prediction of impacts is the most important component in the environmental impact
assessment studies. Several scientific techniques and methodologies are available to predict
impacts of developmental activities on physico, ecological and socioeconomic environments.
Such predictions are superimposed over the baseline (pre project) status of environmental
quality to derive the ultimate (post project) scenario of environmental conditions. The
prediction of impacts helps to identify the environmental management plan required to be
executed during and after commissioning the proposed project to minimize the adverse
impacts on environmental quality.
The mathematical models are the best tools to quantitatively describe cause-effect
relationships between sources of pollution and different components of environment. In
4
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.2
case, mathematical models are not available or it is not possible to identify / validate through
models for particular situation, prediction could be arrived at through available scientific
knowledge and judgments.
The mathematical model used for predictions in the present study include, steady state
Gaussian Plume dispersion model designed for multiple point sources for air quality, Wave
divergence and Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) models for noise levels. In case of
water, land, biological and socio-economic environments the predictions have been made
based on available scientific knowledge and judgments.
4.2.1 IMPACT ON TOPOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE
4.2.1.1 IMPACT ON TOPOGRAPHY
The major envisaged topographical changes would be limited to the immediate vicinity of the
plant. The change in topography will be only due to man made structures like Industrial
complex and Administrative building. Similarly, it will invite positive benefits in the form of
land leveling and green belt development within the plant.
4.2.1.2 IMPACTS ON CLIMATE
As the temperature of the flue gases will be at ambient temperature only. Hence there will
not be any thermal imbalance due to the proposed project.
4.2.2 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON AIR ENVIRONMENT
It is absolutely essential to study the impacts of air pollution on its environs due to the
proposed project. These impacts are assessed with the help of Mathematical model based on
steady state Gaussian Plume Dispersion Model designed for multiple point sources for short
term. In the present case, Industrial Source Complex Short Term (ISCST-3), 1993 dispersion
model based on steady state Gaussian plume dispersion, designed for multiple point sources
for short term developed by United States Environment Protection Agency (USEPA) has been
used for simulations from point sources.
Model Input
Emissions
The stack details & emission data from the stack is shown in Table 4.1.1
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.3
TABLE 4.1.1 : STACK EMISSIONS
S.No. Stack attached to Dia. (m)
Height (m)
Temp. of flue gas
(0C)
Velocity of flue
gas (m/sec)
PM (g/s)
SO2 (g/s)
NOx (g/s)
1. Coal Crusher 0.3 30 35 4.0 0.01 - -
2. DG Set (250 KVA) 0.18 4
(above building)
90 2.5 0.003 0.2 0.03
Receptor Locations
The software is capable of generating a polar receptor grid at every 10 radial angles at
specified distances (in Kms).
Meteorological data
For the prediction of rise in Ground Level concentrations of pollutants, the actual hourly
meteorological data recorded at the site during the study period (March 2016 to May 2016)
is converted to mean meteorological hourly data as specified by CPCB and the same is used
in the model. In the absence of site specific mixing heights, mixing heights published in
‘Spatial distribution of hourly mixing depths over Indian region’ by Dr. R.N.Gupta have been
used.
Presentation of results
In the present case model simulations have been carried out for the pre summer season. For
the short term simulations, the concentrations have been estimated around 1600 receptors
to obtain optimum description of variations in concentrations over the site in 10 Km. radius
covering 16 directions.
Model Output
The output contains the first through sixth highest concentration values at each receptor,
Maximum concentration tables and daily concentration tables for each averaging period.
4.2.3 SOURCES OF AIR EMISSIONS
Impacts Identified are:
• Raw material unloading
• Coal yard
• Storage bunkers, hoppers
• Coal crusher
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.4
• Conveyers & transfer points
• Due to Vehicular movement
Present Scenario
There is no change in the Air Emission sources specified above, as present proposal is only
change in technology from DRY process to WET process. However, the Air Quality Modelling
has been carried out by utilizing the Baseline data collection from March 2016 to May 2016.
The predicted max. Incremental rise in PM concentration (24 hourly) will be 0.62 g/m3 at a
distance of 480 m from the origin stack in the down wind direction over the baseline
concentrations.
The predicted incremental rise in PM concentration due to the Vehicular emission will be 2.7
g/m3.
Hence the total predicted incremental rise due to the emission from coal washery plant and
due the vehicular emission will be 0.62 g/m3 + 2.7 g/m3 = 3.32 g/m3
The predicted incremental rise in NOx concentration due to the Vehicular emission will be
19.8 g/m3.
The predicted incremental rise in CO concentration due to the Vehicular emission will be 12.6
g/m3.
The net resultant concentrations (Maximum baseline conc. + predicted incremental rise in
conc.) of PM10, SO2, NOX and CO are shown in Table No. 4.1.2. The net resultant
concentrations of PM10, SO2, NOX and CO are well within the National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS) when the plant commences operation. Hence there will not be any
adverse impact on air environment due to the proposed project.
TABLE 4.1.2 : NET RESULTANT MAXIMUM CONCENTRATIONS DUE TO THE PROJECT
Item PM
(g/m3)
SO2
(g/m3)
NOX
(g/m3)
CO
(g/m3)
Maximum average baseline conc. in the study area 64.5 19.8 21.5 675
Maximum predicted incremental rise in concentration
due to the proposed project
3.32
(0.62 + 2.7) --- 19.8 12.6
Net resultant concentrations during operation of the
plant 67.82 19.8 41.3 687.6
National Ambient Air Quality Standards 100 80 80 2000
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.5
Fig. 4.1 : PM Isopleths
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.6
Fig. 4.2 : PM (Vehicle) Isopleths
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.7
Fig. 4.3 : NOx (Vehicles) Isopleths
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.8
Fig. 4.4 : CO (Vehicles) Isopleths
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.9
4.3 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON WATER ENVIRONMENT
4.3.1 WATER REQUIREMENT [Gen. TOR # x]
• Total water requirement for 2.4 MTPA (Dry washery) & 1.2 MTPA (Wet process) for
which EC has been accorded is 610 cum/day.
• After conversion of 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal
washery, an additional water of 475 cum/day will be required.
• The total water requirement after proposed change in technology will be 1085 cum/day
only. Water permission has already been obtained from CGWA for drawl of 585 cum/day
of ground water.
• Rain water harvesting will be taken up and this water will be utilised to meet plant water
requirement which in turn will reduce the net water requirement for the plant.
• The source of additional water for the present proposal will be Lilagarh river (Bhawradih
Anicut).
• 41st Minutes of meeting of Water Resources Department, Govt. of Chhattisgarh confirms
the allocations of 0.17 MCM water from Lilagarh river (Bhawradih Anicut). Kindly refer to
Appendix – 5 for minutes of meeting confirming allocation of water.
The details of Water consumption is shown in Table 4.2.1.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.10
TABLE 4.2.1 : WATER REQUIREMENT
S.No. Particular Daily Water
Requirement
Consumption
/ System Loss
Wastewater
Generation
Mode of utilization /
Disposal
1. Process
a Recycled 16400 --- --- Recycle, Close Circuit
Water System b Fresh Make up 785 --- ---
Sub Total 1 17185 785 16400
2. Dust Suppression & Plantation
a Sprinkling on roads 110 110 ---
---
b Dust Suppression 90 90 ---
c Green belt &
Plantation
70 70 ---
Sub Total 2 270 270 --
3. Domestic
a Drinking Water 3 3 --
Septic tanks followed
by sub-surface
dispersion trench
b Domestic use
(washing, flushing,
etc.)
27 27 20*
Sub Total 3 30 30 20
Grand Total (1+2+3) 17485 1085 16400 Zero Discharge
Note :
1. Consumption of existing 2 x 1.2 MTPA Dry and 1 x 1.2 MTPA Wet Process is 610 m3/day.
Additional Requirement after proposed change from dry process to wet process shall be 475
m3/day. Hence, total make up water requirement shall be 1085 m3/day.
2. *20 m3/day domestic effluent will be discharged in Septic tank sub-surface dispersion trench.
4.3.2 WASTEWATER GENERATION
• No process wastewater is being generated in the existing Dry type coal washery. Only
sanitary waste water is being generated and same is being treated in Septic tank
followed by subsurface dispersion.
• There will not be any process wastewater generated in the proposed Wet type coal
washery also, as closed loop water system will be followed.
• Zero effluent discharge is being maintained in the existing plant and same will be
continued in the present proposal.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.11
• Sanitary waste water is being treated in septic tank followed by Subsurface Dispersion
trench and same will be continued in the present proposal.
TABLE 4.2.3
CHARACTERISTICS OF SANITARY WASTE WATER (UNTREATED)
PARAMETER CONCENTRATION
pH 7.0 – 8.5
BOD 200 – 250 mg/l
COD 300 – 400 mg/l
TDS 800 – 900 mg/l
IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS ON WATER ENVIRONMENT
IMPACT ENVIRONMENT IDENTIFIED IMPACTS
Water Environment
Impact downstream users of Lilagarh River due to water drawl
Impact on Lilagarh River due to discharge of Effluent from proposed project
Impact on flora, fauna, people, animals, etc
Ground water contamination due to effluent discharge
Untreated waste water
4.3.3 IMPACT ON LILAGARH RIVER
➢ Water required for the proposed project will be sourced from Lilagarh river
(Bhawradih Anicut).
➢ Water is being sprayed at all strategic coal transfer points such as conveyors, loading
unloading points etc. and same practice will be followed in the present proposal also.
➢ Conveyors, transfer points etc. are provided with enclosures and same practice will
be continued in the present proposal also.
➢ The crusher of the coal washery is provided with enclosures, fitted with Dust
extraction system followed by Bag filters and finally emitted through a stack.
➢ Water sprinkling by using fine atomizer nozzles arrangement is provided on the coal
heaps and on land around the crushers and same practice will be continued in the
present proposal also
➢ Closed loop water system is being adopted in the existing plant and same practice will
be continued in the present proposal also. Hence there will not be any waste water
generation from process and cooling.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.12
➢ Rain water harvesting pits have been proposed to recharge the precious ground water in
consultation with CGWB. The depth of ground water table will certainly increase due to
these measures.
Hence there will not be any impact on Lilagarh River and its downstream users due to the
proposed project.
4.4 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS DUE TO NOISE
4.4.1 PREDICTION OF IMPACT DUE TO THE PROPOSED ACTIVITY
The sound pressure level generated by noise source decreases with increasing distance from
the source due to wave divergence.
An additional decrease in sound pressure level with distance from the source is expected,
due to atmospheric effect or its interaction with objects in the path of transmission. For
hemispherical sound wave propagation through homogeneous loss free medium, one can
estimate noise levels at various locations, due to different sources using model based on first
principle, as per the following equation:
Lp2 = Lp1 – 20 Log (r2/r1) - Ael.2
Where Lp1 and Lp2 are sound pressure levels at points located at distance r1 and r2 from the
source and Ae1.2 is the excess attenuation due to environmental conditions. Combined
affect of all the sources then can be determined at various locations by logarithmic addition.
It is first approximation one can assume that for all general population in the villages, every
noise source in the plane is a point source. The average equivalent sound power level of such
a point source can be estimated for different distances and directions from hypothetical
source by applying following equation:
Lp = Lw - 20 Log r – Ae – 8
Where Lw is the sound power level of the source, Lp is sound pressure level at a distance r
and Ae is environmental attenuation factor. A combined noise level Lp (total) of all the
sources at a particular place is given by:
Lp(total) = 10 Log (10Lp1/10) + 10(Lp2/10) + ---------)
Major noise generating sources were identified from the proposed activity for prediction
purposes. The major noise generating sources are DG set & Crushers. The predictions have
been made to represent the worst case. The noise levels at various distances were calculated
using wave divergence model.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.13
The model was run for ascertaining the areas where we could get the noise levels of 35, 45,
50, 55, 60, 65 and considering the other noise generating sources from the proposed project.
Silencers are provided to the DG Sets. Crusher are inside a covered shed. All machinery are
be manufactured keeping in view of the MOEF&CC/OSHA standards on Noise levels. The
Ambient Noise levels are within the standards prescribed by MoEF&CC and same will be
maintained in the present proposal also.
4.4.2 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON COMMUNITY
A day and Night sound pressure level, Ldn is often used to describe the community noise
exposure which includes 10 dBA night time penalties. As the nearest human settlement is
about 0.5 Kms. from the plant, the impact of noise on general population would be
insignificant.
As per the WHO recommendation, there is no identified risk and damage of hearing due to
the noise levels (Leq = 8 hours) less than 75 dBA. Most of the international damage risk
criteria for hearing loss permit (Leq = 12 hours) upto 87 dBA. Further, WHO recommendation
on community noise annoyance, permits day time out door noise levels of 55 dBA. Leq and
night time outdoor noise level of 45 dBA leq to meet sleep criteria i.e. Leq (24 hours) = 52.2.
dBA and Ldn = 5.5 dBA.
4.4.3 PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
The damage risk criteria as enforced by OSHA (Occupation Safety and Health Administration)
to reduce hearing loss, stipulates that noise level upto 85 dBA are acceptable for 8 hour
working shift per day. Plant authorities are providing ear plugs to the employees & is being
enforced to be used by the employees and same will be maintained in the present proposal
also.
4.4.4 IMPACT ON HABITATION, FLORA & FAUNA DUE TO NOISE LEVELS DUE TO THE PROJECT
There are no National Parks / Sanctuaries / Migratory route for birds / Tiger reserves within
10 Km. radius of the proposed project site. The major noise emanating equipment are
Crushers & DG sets. The noise levels are being maintained by providing and maintaining thick
greenbelt reducing the exposure time of workers to the higher noise levels. All transfer
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.14
points, cleats are lined with rubber lining so that the noise levels are reduced. Hence there
will not be any impact on environment due to Noise generated from the proposed project.
4.5 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON LAND ENVIRONMENT
4.5.1 POSSIBLE IMPACT ON GROUNDWATER & MITIGATION
IMPACTS MITIGATION MEASURES PROPOSED
Impact on Groundwater Table
Water required for the proposed will be sourced from Lilagarh river (Bhawradih Anicut). The water after washing coal should be allowed to flow through a series of settling ponds designed from higher elevation to lower elevation and collected in sump/pond/tank which can be reutilized for the process. The design and construction of drainage system should be in consultation with a civil engineer. The drawl of groundwater should be planned from different extractions viz. tube wells following spacing norms as per WALTA Act and time of pumping should be synchronized based on the requirement. Rain water harvesting structures are being constructed in consultation with Central Ground Water Board and this will help in augmenting the ground water table. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on Groundwater table due to the proposed project.
Impact on Surface water body
Water required for the proposed will be sourced from Lilagarh river (Bhawradih Anicut). Conveyors, transfer points etc. are provided with enclosures in the existing plant and same will be continued in the present proposal. Closed loop water system is being maintained in the existing plant same practice will be maintained in the present proposal also. There will not be any waste water generation from process. Middlings & rejects are being given to reject based power plants and same practice will be continued in the present proposal. Hence there will not be any impact on Lilagarh River and its downstream users due to the present proposal.
Groundwater contamination due to coal yard during monsoon
During monsoon season, the problem of coal yard drainage becomes critical due to coal particles and dust in the yard. To take care of this problem, the entire coal storage yard will be provided with separate drains, which will lead to a separate sump of adequate capacity. There all the coal particles will settle at bottom
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.15
IMPACTS MITIGATION MEASURES PROPOSED
& the clear water will be utilized for Dust suppression & sanitary purposes. Middlings & rejects are being given to reject based power plants and same practice will be continued in the present proposal. Hence there will not be any contamination of ground water due to the project.
4.5.2 IMPACT ON GEOLOGY & MITIGATION
IMPACTS MITIGATION MEASURES PROPOSED
Impact on Geology due to Top soil excavation for construction activities
Preparation of site will involve excavations and fillings. The earthen material generated during excavations and site grading periods, will be properly dumped and slope stabilisation will be taken up. The topsoil generated during construction will be preserved and reused for plantations. Due to the Top soil preservation, no significant adverse impact on geology of the area due to the construction activities.
Bed rock stability in the project area.
No bed rock removal is involved in excavation during construction of the proposed plant. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on the stability of the bed rock. Only grading to some extent is anticipated.
4.5.3 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON SOIL
➢ To control the fugitive emissions dust extraction system and dust suppression system is
installed at all the possible dust emanating areas and same practice will be maintained in
the present proposal also. Hence it will not have any impact on nearby top soil.
➢ Stack monitoring & analysis report of SPCB also confirms that the industry is meeting the
norms.
➢ Zero effluent discharge is being maintained in the existing plant and same practice will be
continued in the present proposal also. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on
land environment due to the proposed project.
➢ Washery rejects is main solid waste generated from the proposed coal washery unit and
same is being given to reject based power plant. Washery rejects of 0.72 MTPA will be
given to Power plant of M/s. Prakash Industries Ltd., Janjgir – Champa District,
Chhattisgarh.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.16
If all Air pollution control systems, Effluent management system, solid waste management
systems, greenbelt development in 1/3rd of the total land, then there will not be any adverse
impact on soil due to the proposed activities.
4.6 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON FLORA & FAUNA AND AGRICULTURAL LAND
The present proposal of change in technology will be taken up in the existing plant premises
only i.e. in an area of 27.42 acres of land. As there are no endangered species in the vicinity
of the proposed activity, there should not be any concern for the loss of important
germoplasm that needs conservation.
To control the fugitive emissions dust extraction system and dust suppression system is
installed at all the possible dust emanating areas and same practice will be maintained in the
present proposal also. Hence it will not have any impact on nearby top soil.
Stack monitoring & analysis report of SPCB also confirms that the industry is meeting the
norms.
Zero effluent discharge is being maintained in the existing plant and same practice will be
continued in the present proposal also. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on land
environment due to the proposed project.
Washery rejects is main solid waste generated from the proposed coal washery unit and
same is being given to reject based power plant. Washery rejects of 0.72 MTPA will be given
to Power plant of M/s. Prakash Industries Ltd., Janjgir – Champa District, Chhattisgarh.
MoU copy for supply of washery rejects is enclosed as Appendix – 2.
Hence there will not be any adverse impact on land environment due to the solid waste
generation.
Greenbelt is considered essential for maintaining the stability of the environment of the
area. 9.1 Acres of extensive greenbelt is being developed in the proposed project as per
CPCB guidelines.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.17
4.7 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS DUE TO VEHICULAR MOVEMENT [Gen. TOR # xi]
➢ The ROM coal from SECL mines mainly from Deepka, Gevra, Kusmunda and other mines
is being transported by Road / Rail and same practice will be followed in the present
proposal also.
➢ Washed coal and Washery rejects is being transported to parties through Road / Rail and
same practiced will be followed in the present proposal also.
➢ Rail transportation is being served from own Railway Siding at Ghatora (20.0 Kms.) and
same will be used for present proposal also.
➢ Transportation of Raw Coal from the SECL mines in the region depends on their rail
connectivity, availability of rakes for short distance and permission from SECL to do so.
➢ Transportation to the nearby client and those not linked to rail network will be by Road.
➢ Washed coal from the plant is being transported by Rail / road in covered trucks directly
to the customer and same will be continued in the present proposal. The mode of
transport of washed coal will depend on the MoU with the customers who may have
either road transport or rail transport.
➢ All the trucks used for transportation of raw materials is being covered and same
practiced will be followed.
➢ Total nos. of trucks for the transportation of Raw Coal, Washed and Rejects is 960 per
day.
Kindly refer to Figure - 4.5 for Transportation route and Table No. 4.7.1 for Traffic Study.
All the trucks required for transportation of coal is being covered and environmentally
compliant. Pucca road exist upto the site. The existing road is capable of absorbing this
additional truck movement. Avenue plantation is being taken up along the road to prevent
the fugitive emissions apart from the existing plantation.
Hence there will not be any significant impact by fugitive dust generation during
transportation of Raw Coal, Washed and Rejects.
Hence there will not be any adverse impact on vehicular traffic due to the proposed project.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.18
Fig. 4.5 : Transportation Route
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.19
Table No. 4.7.1
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 4 4.20
4.8 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
The local areas will be benefited by way of generation of employment opportunities,
increased demand for local products and services. There will be an overall improvement in
the income level of the local people.
The project creates employment to about 21 persons once the plant is commissioned and for
50 persons during construction stage. Priority will be given to locals for Semi-Skilled and
Unskilled jobs. With the implementation of the proposed project, there will be lot of scope
for more industrial investments which in turn will benefit the nation.
The project authorities intend to provide welfare activities recreational facilities in the
surrounding villages once the plant commences production. CSR activities are being taken
up. The project authorities intend to conduct regular health checkups in the surrounding
villages. Therefore there will be a certain enhancement of educational and medical standards
of people in the study area. There will be generally positive and beneficial impacts by way of
economic improvements, transportation, aesthetic environment and business generation.
There will be an overall upliftment of socio-economic status of people in the area.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]
EIA report – Chapter 5 5.1
CHAPTER – 5
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)
5.1 ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES
Production of washed coal from Raw Coal through wet type of coal washery is a well proven
technology all over the world. Hence no technological failures are anticipated. Hence no
alternative technologies are considered.
5.2 ALTERNATIVE SITES EXAMINED [Gen. TOR # i]
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. is an existing coal washery at Village Hindadih,
Tehsil Masturi, District Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. It is proposed for change in technology in the
existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal
washery. Existing plant is located in an area of 27.42 acres of land and present proposal of
change in technology will be taken up in the existing plant premises only. No additional is
envisaged for the present proposal. Existing plant is having valid consents. Hence no
alternative sites were examined.
5
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CHAPTER – 6
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
6.1 TECHNICAL ASPECTS
6.1.1 METHODOLOGIES
To know the effectiveness of environmental mitigation measures post project
environmental monitoring program will be strictly followed as per statutory requirement.
• Dust extraction system with bag filters will be provided near the raw material
unloading, raw material handling, coal crusher, material transfer points, etc. Dust
generated from raw material unloading areas will be controlled by providing dust
suppression system.
• Energy meters will be provided to all air emission control systems to ensure effective
operation of the control systems.
• All air emission control systems will be taken-up for maintenance as per prescribed
dates and always ensure compliance with norms.
• Fugitive emissions will be monitored and CPCB regulation in this regard will be
followed.
• CECB will also carry out stack monitoring and ambient air quality at regular intervals.
This will also help in cross checking the performance of Pollution control systems
implemented in the plant.
6.1.2 FREQUENCY & LOCATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
A comprehensive monitoring programme is given under. This environmental monitoring
will be entrusted to a third party.
MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS
S.No. Particulars Frequency of Monitoring
Duration of sampling
Parameters required to be monitored
1.Water & Waste water quality
A. Water quality (around storage yards)
Once in a month Grab sampling
As per IS: 10500
2. Air Quality
A. Stack Monitoring Once in a month PM
B. Ambient Air quality Twice a week 24 hours PM2.5, PM10,
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S.No. Particulars Frequency of Monitoring
Duration of sampling
Parameters required to be monitored
continuously SO2 & NOx
C. Fugitive emission monitoring
Once in a month 8 hours PM
3. Meteorological Data
A. Meteorological data to be monitored at the plant site.
Daily Continuous monitoring
Temperature, Relative Humidity, rainfall, wind direction & wind speed
4. Noise Levels
A. Noise Levels Once in a month one day in a month on hourly basis
Ambient Noise levels in dBA
6.1.3 DATA ANALYSIS
All the parameters will be analysed as per IS procedures specified for those parameters. All
water samples will be analysed for various parameters as per IS: 10500 with the specified
procedures.
The methodology adopted for monitoring & analysis of PM2.5 & PM10 is as per IS: 5182 Part
IV SO2, NOx & CO as per IS: 5182 Part II & Part VI respectively. Samples were analysed for
SO2 using improved West-Gaeke method for air samples using a spectrophotometer at a
wavelength of 560 nm.
Samples were analysed for NOx using Jacob and Hocheiser modified (Na-As) method, for Air
samples using a spectrophotometer at wavelength of 540 nm.
PM10 & PM2.5 in ambient air are found by using Respirable Dust Sampler (RDS) & APM-550.
6.1.4 REPORTING SCHEDULE
After completion of analysis copies of all the analysis reports will be submitted to the
Ministry of Environment Forests & Climate Change and CECB regularly. A copy of the report
will be maintained in the plant and will be made available to the concerned inspecting
authorities.
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6.1.5 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
In case of emergency shutdown all the safety precautions will be taken as per the
procedure given by the supplier.
6.1.6 DETAILED BUDGET & PROCUREMENT SCHEDULES
The budgetary allocation for Environmental monitoring is Rs. 2.0 Lakh / Annum. A third
party will be engaged to monitor all the environmental parameters as per CPCB/CECB
norms.
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CHAPTER – 7
ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT
7.1.1 INTRODUCTION
Risk analysis deals with the identification and quantification of risks, the plant equivalent and
personnel are exposed to, due to accidents resulting from the hazards present in the factory.
Hazard analysis involves the identification and quantification of the various hazards that are
likely to occur in the factory.
The various hazard analysis techniques that may be applied are Hazard and Operability
(HAZOP) studies, Fault - Tree Analysis (FTA), event –tree analysis and, failure and effects
mode analysis.
Risk analysis follows an extensive hazard analysis. It involves the identification and
assessment of risks the neighbouring populations are exposed to as result of hazard present.
This requires a through knowledge of failure probability, credible accident scenario,
vulnerability of populations etc. Much of this information is difficult to get or generate.
Consequently, the risk analysis is often confined to maximum creditable accident studies.
7.1.2 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of work is to carry out risk analysis for the proposed plant covering all the
hazardous chemicals to be handled and stored at the plant.
The risk assessment study will cover following aspects:
➢ Selection of credible scenarios
➢ Consequences Analysis of selected accidents scenarios both onsite and off-site
On-site
• Emission/spillage etc. from storage & handling
• Exposure to fugitive dust, noise, and other emissions
• Housekeeping practices requiring contact with solid and liquid wastes
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Off-site
• Exposure to pollutants released from on site/ storage/related activities
• Contamination due to accidental releases or normal release in combination with
natural hazard
• Deposition of toxic pollutants in vegetation / other sinks and possible sudden
releases due to accidental occurrences
➢ Review of Safety at the plant
➢ Risk Mitigation Measures
7.1.3 FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
The following Fire Protection system will be provided in the plant.
- Hydrant system covering the entire plant including all important auxiliaries and buildings. The
system will be complete with piping, valves instrumentation, hoses, nozzles and hydrants,
valves etc.
- Portable extinguisher such as pressurized water type, carbon dioxide type and foam type will
be located at strategic locations through out the plant.
- Modular type carbon dioxide panel injection fire extinguishing system will be provided at
unmanned electrical and electronic equipment room.
The following pumps will be provided in the fire protection system.
Fire water pumps.
(Fire water reservoir is part of the main water reservoir)
a) AC motor driven fire water pumps for hydrant.
b) Diesel engine driven pump as stand by for the above.
c) Jackey pump 1 no. (AC motor driven) for maintaining pressure.
Suitable number of electric motor driven and diesel engine operated hydrant and spray
pumps with automatic starting will be provided for the above systems. The fire water pumps
will take suction from the fire water reservoir to be created in the plant area.
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7.1.4 METHODOLOGY OF MCA ANALYSIS
The MCA Analysis involved ordering and ranking of various sections in terms of potential
vulnerability. The following steps were involved in MCA Analysis.
• Preparation of an inventory of major storages and rank them on the basis of their hazard
properties.
• Identification of potentially hazardous storage sections and representative failure cases
from the vessels and the pipelines.
• Visualisation of chemical release scenarios.
• Effect and damage calculation from the release cases through mathematical modeling.
• Inventory Analysis and Fire & Explosion and Toxicity Index (FETI) are the two techniques
employed for hazard identification process.
7.1.5 FIRE & EXPLOSION AND TOXICITY INDEX
The role of Fire & Explosion Index (FEI) aids quantitative hazard identification. The FEI is
calculated by evaluating the loss potential of all the units in the storage area and the
hazardous areas were classified accordingly.
The role of FEI is
• Identification of the equipment/areas that could likely contribute to the creation or
escalation of incident and relatively rank the incidents.
• Quantification of the expected damage of potential fire and explosion incidents.
• Preparation of guidelines for mitigating fire hazards.
The loss potential which could actually be experienced under the most adverse operating
conditions is quantitatively evaluated. The FEI is used for any operation in which a flammable,
combustible or reactive material is stored, handled or processed.
FEI = MF * GPH * SPH
Where MF : Material factor
GPH : General Process Hazard
SPH : Special Process Hazard
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TOXICITY INDEX
The Toxicity Index is calculated using the Nh, Ts, GPH and SPH. TI is calculated by the
following formula.
(Nh + Ts) * (1 + GPH + SPH)
TI = -------------------------------------------
100
7.1.6 ASSESSMENT OF RISK AT M/s. HIND ENERGY & COAL BENEFICIATION (INDIA) LTD.
Based on the storage inventory the following areas are identified as potential safety risk areas
are shown in Table 7.1.
TABLE 7.1
POSSIBLE RISKS FROM THE PROPOSED PLANT
S.No. Description Process Potential Hazard Provision
1. Coal storage shed
Storage of coal
Fire and spontaneous combustion
Water sprinkling system will be installed on stocks of pile to prevent spontaneous combustion and consequent fire hazards.
2. Stock pile Storage Fire and dust explosions
Height of the stock pile will be 10 m only. The stack geometry will be adopted to maintain minimum exposure of stock pile areas towards predominant wind direction temperature will be monitored in the stock piles regularly to detect any at normal rise in temperature inside the stock pile to be enable to control the same.
7.1.6.1 COAL HANDLING PLANT (DUST EXPLOSION) & COAL STORAGE (SPONT. COMBUSTION)
Coal dust when dispersed in air and ignited will explode. Crusher houses and conveyor
systems are most susceptible to this hazard. The minimum of explosive concentration of coal
dust (33% volatiles) is 50 grams/m3. Failure of dust extraction & suppression systems may
lead to abnormal conditions and increasing the concentration of coal dust to the explosive
limits. The sources of ignition are incandescent bulbs, electric equipment & cables, friction &
spontaneous combustion in accumulated dust. Dust explosion may occur without any warning
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with maximum explosion pressure upto 6.4 bars. Another dangerous characteristic of dust
explosions is that it sets off secondary explosions after the occurrence of initial dust
explosion.
Stock pile area shall be provided with automatic garden type sprinklers for dust suppression
as well as to reduce spontaneous ignition of coal stock piles, necessary water distribution net
work will be provided for distributing water at all transfer points, crusher house, control
room, etc.
A centralised control room with microprocessor based control system has been envisaged for
operation of the coal handling plant. Except locally controlled equipment like travelling
tripper, dust extraction / dust suppression / ventilation equipment, sump pumps, water
distribution system all other in line equipment will have provision for local control as well. All
necessary inter local control panels will be provided for safe and reliable operation of the coal
handling plant.
Control measures for coal yard
The entire quantity of coal will be stored in separate stack piles, with proper drains around to
collect washouts during the monsoon. Water sprinkling system will be installed on stocks of
pile to prevent spontaneous combustion and consequent fire hazards. The stack geometry
will be adopted to maintain minimum exposure of stock pile areas towards predominant wind
direction temperature will be monitored in the stock piles regularly to detect any at normal
rise in temperature inside the stock pile to be enable to control the same.
7.1.7 RISK & CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF FIRE
The principle objective of this study is to identify the potential hazards estimate the effects of
hazards to people both with in and outside the plant premises.
• Identification of possible failure cases of the facilities which might affect the population
and property within the plant boundary.
• Assessment of consequential effect on surrounding population, property etc., due to
onset of such failures.
• Suggest recommendations based on consequence analysis relevant to the situations.
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7.1.7.1 EFFECTIVE CONTROLS
Ignition sources in the vicinity. Pressurisation of buildings not having explosion - proof fittings,
switching off power supply from a central place, blanket ban on smoking, proper maintenance
of flame proof fittings.
The thick green belt to be developed will help to mitigate the radiation intensity level outside
plant boundary.
7.2 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
7.2.1 DISASTERS
A disaster is catastrophic situation in which suddenly, people are plunged into helplessness
and suffering and as a result, need protection, clothing, shelter, medical and social care and
other necessities of life.
Disasters can be divided into two main groups. In the first, are Disasters resulting from natural
phenomena like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, cyclones, tropical storms, floods,
avalanches, landslides etc. The second group includes disastrous events occasioned by man,
or by man's impact upon the environment. Examples are industrial accidents, radiation
accidents, factory fires, explosions and escape of toxic gases or chemical substances, river
pollution, mining or other structural collapses, air, sea, rail and road transport accidents and
can reach catastrophic dimensions in terms of human loss.
There can be no set criteria for assessing the gravity of a disaster in the abstract it depends to
a large extent on the physical, economic and social environment in which it occurs. What
would be considered a major disaster in developing country, will be equipped to cope with
the problems involved, and may not mean more than temporary emergency elsewhere.
However all disasters bring in their wake similar consequences that call for immediate action
for the rescue and relief of the victims. This includes the search for the dead and injured,
medical and social care, removal of the debris, the provision of temporary shelter for the
homeless food, clothing and medical supplies, and the rapid reestablishment of essential
services.
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7.2.2 OBJECTIVES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT OF PLAN
The disaster Management Plan is aimed to ensure safety of life, protection of environment,
protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in this same order
of priorities. For effective implementation of Disaster Management Plan, it will be widely
circulated and personnel training through rehearsals.
The Disaster Management Plan would reflect the probable consequential severity of
undesired event due to deteriorating conditions or through knock on effects. Further the
management should be able to demonstrate that their assessment of the consequences uses
good supporting evidence and based on currently available and reliable information, incident
data from internal and external sources and if necessary the reports of outside agencies.
To tackle the consequences of a major emergency inside the factory or immediate vicinity of
the factory, a Disaster Management Plan has to be formulated and this planned emergency is
called Disaster Management Plan.
The objective of the Industrial Disaster Management Plan is to make use of the combined
resources of the Plant and the outside services to achieve the following:
• Minimize damage to property and the environment.
• Effect the rescue and medical treatment of causalities.
• Provide for the needs of relatives.
• Provide authoritative information to news media.
• Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected areas.
• Safeguard other people.
Initially contain and then ultimately bring the situation under the control.
Preserve subsequent records and equipment for subsequent enquiry the cause and
circumstances leading to emergency.
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7.2.3 EMERGENCIES
7.2.3 1 GENERAL, INDUSTRIAL, EMERGENCIES
The emergencies that could be envisaged in the Plant are as follows:
• Contamination of food / water.
• Sabotage / social disorder.
• Structural failures.
• Slow isolated fires.
7.2.3.2 SPECIFIC EMERGENCIES ANTICIPATED
During the study of risk assessment, the probabilities of occurrence of hazards are worked out
along with the nature of damage. This is the reason why one should study risk assessment in
conjunction with DMP.
7.2.3.3 EMERGENCY ORGANISATION
It is recommended to setup an Emergency Organisation. A senior executive who has control
over the affairs of the Plant would be heading the Emergency Organisation. He would be
designated as Site Controller. In the case of stores, utilities, open areas which are the not
under the control of production heads, executive responsible for maintenance of utilities
would be designated as Incident Controller. All the Incident Controllers would be reporting to
the site controller.
Each Incident Controller, for himself, organizes a team responsible for controlling the incident
with the personnel under his control. Shift in-charge would be the reporting Officer, who
would bring the incident to the notice of the Incident Controller and the Site Controller.
Emergency Coordinators would be appointed who would undertake the responsibilities like
fire fighting, rescue, rehabilitation, transport and support services. For this purposes, Security
in-charge, Personal Department, Essential services personnel would be engaged. All these
personnel would be designated as key personnel.
In each shift, electrical supervisor, electrical fitters, pump house incharge and other
maintenance staff would be drafted for emergency operations. In the event of Power
communication system failure, some of staff members in the office/ Plant offices would be
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drafted and their services would be utilized as messengers for quick passing of
communications. All these personnel would be declared as essential personnel.
7.2.3.4 EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION
Whoever notices an emergency situation such as fire, growth of fire, leakage etc. would
inform his immediate superior and Emergency Control Center. The person on duty in the
Emergency Control Centre would appraise the site controller. Site controller verifies the
situation from the Incident Controller of that area or the shift incharge and takes a decision
about implementing on Site Emergency. This would be communicated to all the Incident
Controllers, Emergency Coordinators. Simultaneously, the emergency warning system would
be activated on the instructions of the Site Controller.
7.2.3.5 EMERGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES
The responsibilities of the key personnel are appended below:
7.2.3.5.1 SITE CONTROLLER
On receiving information about emergency he would rush to Emergency Control Centre and
take charge of ECC and the situation and assesses the magnitude of the situation on the
advice of incident controller and decides.
• Whether affected area needs to be evacuated.
• Whether personnel who are at assembly points need to be evacuated.
• Declares Emergency and orders for operation of emergency siren.
• Organises announcement by public address system about location of emergency.
• Assesses which areas are likely to be affected, or need to be evacuated or to be altered.
• Maintains a continuous review of possible development and assesses the situation in
consultation with Incident Controller and other key personnel whether shutting down the
Plant or any section of the Plant required and if evacuation of persons is required.
• Directs personnel of rescue, rehabilitation, transport, fire brigade, medical and other
designated mutual support systems locally available for meeting emergencies.
• Controls evacuation of affected areas, if the situation is likely to go out of control or
effects are likely to go beyond the premises of the factory, informs to District Emergency
Authority, Police, and Hospital and seeks their intervention and help.
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• Informs Inspector of factories, Deputy Chief Inspector of factories, CECB and other
statutory authorities.
• Gives public statement if necessary.
• Keeps record of chronological events and prepares an investigation report and preserves
evidences.
On completion of onsite Emergency and restoration of normalcy, declares all clear and orders
for all clear signal.
7.2.3.5.2 INCIDENT CONTROLLER
• Assembles the incident control team.
• Directs operations within the affected areas with the priorities for safety to personnel
minimize damage to the Plant, property and environment and minimize the loss of
materials.
• Directs the shutting down and evacuation of Plant and areas likely to be adversely
affected by the emergency.
• Ensures that all-key personnel help is sought.
• Provides advice and information to the Fire and Security officer and the local Fire
Services as and when they arrive.
• Ensures that all non-essential workers / staff of the effected areas evacuated to the
appropriate assembly points and the areas are searched for causalities.
• Has regard to the need for preservation of evidence so as to facilitate any enquiry into
the cause and circumstances, which caused or escalated the emergency.
• Coordination on with emergency services at the site.
• Provides tools and safety equipments to the team members.
• Keeps in touch with the team and advise them regarding the method of control to be
used.
• Keep the site Controller of Emergency informed of the progress being made.
7.2.3.5.3 EMERGENCY COORDINATOR - RESCUE, FIRE FIGHTING
• On knowing about emergency rushes to Emergency Control Centre.
• Helps the incident controller in containment of the emergency.
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• Ensure fire pumps in operating conditions and instructs pump house operator to be
ready for any emergency.
• Guides the fire fighting crew i.e. Firemen trained Plant personnel and security staff.
• Organises shifting the fire fighting facilities to the emergency site, if required.
• Takes guidance of the Incident Controller for fire fighting as well as assesses the
requirements of outside help.
• Arranges to control the traffic at the gate and the incident area / Directs the security
staff to the incident site to take part in the emergency operations under his guidance
and supervision.
• Evacuates the people in the Plant or in the near by areas as advised by site controller.
• Searches for casualties and arranges proper aid for them.
• Assembles search and evacuation team.
• Arranges for safety equipments for the members of his team.
• Decides which paths the evacuated workers should follow.
• Maintains law and order in the area, and if necessary, seeks the help of police.
7.2.3.5.4 EMERGENCY COORDINATOR - MEDICAL, MUTUAL AID, REHABILITATION, TRANSPORT
AND COMMUNICATION
• The event of failure of electric supply and there by internal telephone, sets up
communication point and establishes contact with the Emergency Control Center
(ECC).
• Organises medical treatment to the injured and if necessary, will shift the injured to
near by hospitals.
• Mobilizes extra medical help from outside, if necessary
• Keeps a list of qualified first aiders of the factory and seek their assistance.
• Maintains first aid and medical emergency requirements.
• Makes sure that all safety equipment are made available to the emergency team.
• Assists Site Controller with necessary data and to coordinate the emergency activities.
• Assists Site Controller in updating emergency plan.
• Maintains liaison with Civil Administration.
• Ensure availability of canteen facilities and maintenance of rehabilitation centre.
• He will be in liaison with Site Controller / Incident Controller.
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• Ensures availability of necessary cash for rescue / rehabilitation and emergency
expenditure.
• Controls rehabilitation of affected areas on discontinuation of emergency.
• Makes available diesel petrol for transport vehicles engaged in emergency operation.
7.2.3.5.5 EMERGENCY COORDINATOR – ESSENTIAL SERVICES
He would assist Site Controller and Incident Controller
• Maintains essential services like Diesel Generator, Water, Fire Water, Compressed Air
/ Instrument Air, Power Supply for lighting.
• He would plan alternate facilities in the event of Power failure, to maintain essential
services such as lighting, etc.
• He would organize separate electrical connections for all utilities and during
emergency be coordinates that the essential services and utilities are not affected.
• Gives necessary instructions regarding emergency electrical supply, isolation of certain
sections etc to shift incharge and electricians.
• Ensure availability of adequate quantities of protective equipment and other
emergency materials, spares etc.
7.2.3.5.6 GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMPLOYEES DURING AN EMERGENCY
During an emergency, it becomes more enhanced and pronounced when an emergency
warning is raised, the workers if they are incharge of process equipment should adopt safe
and emergency shut down and attend any prescribed duty as an essential employee. If no
such responsibility is assigned, he should adopt a safe course to assembly point and await
instructions. He should not resort to spread panic. On the other hand, he must assist
emergency personnel towards objectives of DMP.
7.2.3.6. EMERGENCY FACILITIES
7.2.3.6.1 EMERGENCY CONTROL CENTRE
For the time being office block is identified as Emergency control centre. It would have
external Telephone & Fax facility. All the Incident controller officers, senior personnel would
be located here.
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The following information and equipment are to be provided at the Emergency control centre
(ECC).
• Intercom, telephone
• P&T telephone
• Fire suit / gas tight goggles / gloves / helmets
• Factory layout, site plan
• Emergency lamp / torchlight
• Plan indicating locations of hazard inventories, Plant control room, sources of safety
equipment, work road plan, assembly points, rescue location vulnerable zones, escape
routes.
• Hazard chart
• Safe contained breathing apparatus
• Hand tools, wind direction, wind velocity indications
• Public Address Megaphone, Hand bell, Telephone directories (Internal, P&T).
• Address with telephone numbers and key personnel, Emergency coordinator.
• Important addresses, telephone numbers such as experts from outside, government
agencies neighboring industries etc.
• Emergency shut down procedures.
• Nominal roll of employees.
7.2.3.6.2 EMERGENCY POWER SUPPLY
Plant facilities would be connected to Diesel Generator and would be placed in auto mode.
7.2.3.6.3 FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES
First Aid Fire fighting equipment suitable for emergency should be maintained as per
statutory requirements per TAC Regulations. Fire hydrant line converting major areas would
be laid. It would be maintained as 6 kg / sq.cm. pressure.
7.2.3.6.4 LOCATION OF WIND SOCK
On the top of production block and on the top of administrative block wind socks would be
installed to indicate direction of wind during emergency period.
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7.2.3.6.5 EMERGENCY MEDICAL FACILITIES
Gas masks and general first aid materials for dealing with chemical burns, fire burns etc.
would be maintained in the medical centre as well as in the emergency control room. Private
medical practitioners help would be sought. Government hospital would be approached for
emergency help.
Apart from Plant first aid facilities, external facilities would be augmented. Names of Medical
Personnel, Medical facilities in Bilaspur will be prepared and updated. Necessary specific
medicines for emergency treatment of Burns patients and for those affected by toxicity would
be maintained.
Breathing apparatus and other emergency medical equipment would be provided and
maintained. The help of near by industrial managements in this regard would be taken on
mutual support basis.
7.2.3.7 EMERGENCY ACTIONS
7.2.3.7.1 EMERGENCY WARNING
Communication of emergency would be made familiar to the personnel inside the plant and
people outside. An emergency warning system would be established.
7.2.3.7.2 EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN
There are number of facilities which can be provided to help in dealing with hazard
conditions. The suggested arrangements are
• Stop feed
• Deluge contents
• Remove heat
• Transfer contents
Methods of removing additional heat include removal the normal cooling arrangements or
use of an emergency cooling system. Cooling facilities which is vaporising liquid may be
particularly effective, since a large increase in vaporization can be obtained by dropping
pressure.
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7.2.3.7.3 EVACUATION OF PERSONNEL
The area would have adequate number of exits and staircases. In the event of an emergency,
unconnected personnel have to escape to assembly point. Operators have to take emergency
shutdown procedure and escape. Time office maintains a copy of deployment of employees
in each shift at Emergency Communication Centre. If necessary, persons can be evacuated by
rescue teams.
7.2.3.7.4 ALL CLEAR SIGNAL
At the end of emergency, after discussing with Incident Controllers and Emergency
Coordinators, the site controller orders an all clear signal.
7.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE
Large industries where multifarious activities are involved during construction, erection,
testing, commissioning, operation and maintenance, the men, materials and machines are the
basic inputs. Along with the booms, the industrialization generally brings several problems
like occupational health and safety.
EMP for the Occupational Safety & Health hazards
The health of workers can be protected by adopting the following measures:
• Proper Designing of building, Work area
• Good Housekeeping practices
• Well engineered ventilation & exhaust system
• Enclosure
• Isolation of specific areas
• Enforcement of usage of Personal Protective Devices.
• Regular Work Environment Monitoring
• Working hours
7.3.1 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Occupational health needs attention both during construction and operation phases.
However the problem varies both in magnitude and variety in the above phases.
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7.3.2 CONSTRUCTION & ERECTION
The occupational health problems envisaged at this stage can mainly be due to constructional
and noise.
To overcome these hazards, in addition to arrangements required to reduce it within TLV'S,
personnel protective equipments should also be supplied to workers.
7.3.3 OPERATION & MAINTENANCE
The working personnel should be given the following appropriate personnel protective
equipments.
• Industrial Safety helmets
• Crash helmets
• Face shield with replacement acrylic vision
• Zero power plain goggles with cut type filters on both ends
• Zero power goggles with cut type filters on both sides and blue colour glasses
• Welders equipment for eye and face protection
• Cylindrical type earplug
• Ear plugs
• Canister gas masks
• Self contained breathing apparatus
• Leather apron
• Safety belt / line man's safety belt
• Leather hand gloves
• Asbestos hand gloves
• Canvas cum leather hand gloves with leather palm
• Industrial safety shoes with steel toe
• Electrical safety shoes without steel toe and gum boots
7.3.4 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
✓ Pre-employment checkup will be made mandatory and following test will be
conducted:
Plan of evaluation of health of workers
✓ Chest x rays
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✓ Audiometry
✓ Spirometry
✓ Vision testing (Far & Near vision, color vision and any other ocular defect)
✓ ECG
✓ Haemogram (examination of the blood)
✓ Urine (Routine and Microscopic)
✓ Complete physical examination
✓ Musculo-skeletal disorders (MSD)
✓ Backache
✓ Pain in minor and major joints
✓ Fatigue, etc.
• All workers shall be medically tested once in a year and at the end of his term of
employment.
• Medical records of each employee will be maintained separately and will be updated as
per finding during monitoring.
• Medical records of the employee at the end of his / her term will be updated.
• Periodic health checkups (spirometric tests) will be conducted periodically.
✓ Frequency Of Periodical Examination
For employees <30 Years once in five years
Between 31-50 Years once in four years
Between 41-50 Years once in two years
Above >50 years once a year
• As all required emission control systems will be installed and operated to comply with the
norms. Secondary fugitive emissions will also be controlled as per EMP suggested. Hence
there will not be any adverse impact due to dust on the environment.
• Audiometric tests will be carried out for employees working near the noise prone areas in
the plant. The proposed extensive greenbelt development will help in attenuating the
noise levels further.
7.4 SAFETY PLAN
Safety of both men and materials during construction and operation phases is of concern. The
preparedness of an industry for the occurrence of possible disasters is known as emergency
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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plan. The disaster in Project is possible due to collapse of structures and fire / explosion etc.
The details of fire fighting equipments to be installed are given below.
• Carbon dioxide
• Foam type
• DCP
• Soda acid type
• Fire buckets
• Fire hydrants
Keeping in view the safety requirement during construction, operation and maintenance
phases, Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. has formulated safety policy with the
following regulations.
• To take steps to ensure that all known safety factors are taken into account in the
design, construction, operation and maintenance of Plants, machinery and equipment.
• To allocate sufficient resources to maintain safe and healthy conditions of work.
• To ensure that adequate safety instructions are given to all employees.
• To provide where ever necessary protective equipment, safety appliances and clothing
and to ensure their proper use.
• To inform employees about materials, equipments or processes used in their work
which are known to be potentially hazardous to health and safety?
• To keep all operations and methods of work under regular review for making
necessary changes from the safety point of view in the light of experience and up to
date knowledge.
• To provide appropriate facilities for first aid and prompt treatment of injuries and
illness at work.
• To provide appropriate instructions, training and supervision to employee’s health and
safety, first aid and to ensure that adequate publicity is given to these matters.
• To ensure proper implementation of fire preventive methods and an appropriate fire
fighting service along with training facilities for personnel involved in this service.
• To publish / notify regulations, instructions and notices in the common language
employees.
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• To prepare separate safety rules for each type of process involved.
• To ensure regular safety inspection by a competent person at suitable intervals of all
buildings, equipments, work places and operations.
7.4.1 SAFETY ORGANISATION
7.4.1.1 CONSTRUCTION AND ERECTION PHASE
A highly qualified and experienced safety officer will be appointed. The responsibilities of the
safety officers include identification of the hazardous conditions and unsafe acts of workers
and advise on corrective actions, conduct safety audit, organize training programmes and
provide professional expert advice on various issues related to occupational safety and
health.
In addition to employment of safety officer, every contractor, who employees more than 250
workers, should also employ one safety officer to ensure safety of the workers in accordance
with the conditions of the contract.
7.4.1.2 OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PHASE
When the construction is completed the posting of safety officers should be in accordance
with the requirement of factories act and their duties and responsibilities should be as
defined there of.
7.4.1.3 SAFETY CIRCLE
In order to fully develop the capabilities of the employees in identification of hazardous
processes and improving safety and health, safety circles would be constituted in each area of
work. The circle would consist of 5-6 employees from that area. The circle normally should
meet for about an hour every week.
7.4.2 SAFETY TRAINING
A fully fledged training centre will be established at Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India)
Ltd. Safety training will be provided by the safety officers with the assistance of faculty
members called from professional safety institutions and universities. In addition to regular
employees, limited contractor labors will also given safety training.
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To create safety awareness safety films will be shown to workers and leaflets etc. will be
distributed.
• Reliable and dependable type of fire detection system with proper zoning and
interlocks for alarms are effective protection methods for conveyor galleries.
• Housekeeping of high standard helps in eliminating the causes of fire and regular fire
watching system strengthens fire prevention and fire fighting.
7.4.3 HEALTH AND SAFETY MONITORING PLAN
All the potential occupational hazardous work places will be monitored regularly. The health
of employees working in these areas will be monitored once in a year
7.5 R & R ACTION PLAN
There is no habitation in the proposed site for the proposed activity. Hence no Rehabilitation
& Resettlement is envisaged in the proposed project.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 8 8.1
CHAPTER – 8
PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Once the proposed project is commissioned the socio-economic status of the local people
will improve and there by infrastructure facilities like communication systems and others
will improve.
8.2 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
With the implementation of the proposed project, the socio-economic status of the local
people will improve substantially. The land rates in the area will improve in the nearby
areas due to the proposed plant. This will help in upliftment of the social status of the
people in the area. Educational institutions will also come-up and will lead to improvement
of educational status of the people in the area. Medical facilities will certainly improve due
to the proposed project.
8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL
The proposed project creates employment to 21 people during construction and 50 people
during operation of the project.
8.3.1 SKILLED
Total skilled employment in the proposed plant will be 9.
8.3.2 SEMI-SKILLED
Total Semi-skilled employment in the proposed project will be 12. Priority will be given to
local people for semi-skilled jobs.
8
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 8 8.2
8.4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES PROPOSED [TOR # xx]
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. is actively involved in the Socio-Economic
development actively to improve the Socio-economic conditions of the area by providing
assistance for local persons preferable from the nearby villages. The continuing
commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development
while improve the quality of life of workforce and their families as well as that of the local
community and society at large.
Following are Socio Economic activities carried out by Management at Hindadih Plant:
S.No. Particulars Works Amount
1. MELA RAM SAHU BORE AT GUDI VILLAGE 70773.00
2. NICETECH COMPUTER EDUCATION PVT LTD
1YR DCA PROG COURSE FOR 10 CANDIDIATES
160000.00
3. NICETECH COMPUTER EDUCATION PVT LTD
1YR DCA PROG COURSE FOR 10 CANDIDIATES
175000.00
4. TAMESHWAR PR. SRIVAS TWO NOS. POND PACHERI 200000.00
5. PIPE LINE PLUMBING ITEMS (Water Supply) 45497.00
6. MELA RAM SAHU VILLAGE INFRASTRUCTURE DEVLOPMENT (DRAINGE REPAIRING)
25690.00
7. TAMESHWAR PRASAD SRIVAS, Contractor
2 NOS. OF PACHRI FOR POND CONSTRUCTION WORK AT HINDADIH
142310.00
8. MINAKSHI TRADERS GI SHEET SUPPLY FOR MUNCH CONSTRUCTION AT HINDADIH
60776.00
9. KAPASI TRADERS REPAIRING OF SCHOOL HAND PUMP AT VILLAGE DHANIYA
24585.00
10. MEDIGLOBE MEDICAL SYSTEM PVT. LTD.
HORIZONTAL AUTOCLAVE MACHINE DONATE TO DISTRIC HOSPITAL, BILASPUR
370000.00
11. LALA SINGH NETAM MUNCH REPAIRING WORK AT HINDADIH 44339.00
12. AMIT SINGH POND CLEANING WORKS 153006.00
13. CHANDRALOK SINGH POND CLEANING WORKS 193000.00
14. AMIT SINGH POND CLEANING WORKS 258066.00
15. AMIT SINGH POND CLEANING WORKS 97206.00
16. MAHA LAXMI INDUSTRIAL
SCHOOL BAG DISTRUBUTION IN PRIMER SCHOOLS
204000.00
17. GARDEN SUPERINTENDENT, AMORA
PLANTATION PURCHASE 123000.00
18. AMIT SINGH POND CLEANING WORKS 128664.00
19. AMIT SINGH POND CLEANING WORKS 147326.00
20. CHANDRALOK SINGH POND CLEANING WORKS 196000.00
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EIA report – Chapter 8 8.3
S.No. Particulars Works Amount
21. PUNJAB IRON STORE BARBED WIRE PURCHASE FOR POND FANCING WORK
89496.00
22. MINAKSHI STEEL AGENCY
BARBED WIRE PURCHASE FOR POND FANCING WORK
11850.00
23. TAMESHWAR PRASAD SRIWAS
MAKING OF POND CHACHARY 68634.00
24. SRI SATYA DEVA NURSSURY
PLANTATION PURCHASE 189945.00
TOTAL EXPENSES 3179163.00
As per the Ministry’s Office Memorandum vide F.No. 22-65/2017-IA.III dated 1st May 2018,
fund allocation for CER, for additional capital investment ≤ 100 Crores is 1% of the
additional capital investment, which comes to Rs. 12.0 Lakhs (Capital Investment is Rs.12.0
Crores). However as committed during TOR, Rs.45.0 Lakhs as capital cost and Rs. 10.0
Lakhs as annual recurring will be spent on Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER)
The following activities will be carried out in the present proposal:
S.No. Major Activity Heads Capital Cost
(Rs. In Lakhs) Recurring Cost (Rs. In lakhs)
1
Community & Infrastructure Development Programmes (Development of village road, renovation of school buildings, providing Street Lights & its maintenance in panchayat area, maintenance of Temples in nearby Villages, drinking water facility, sanitation facilities, drainage facilities in nearby villages & schools)
12.0 3.0
2 Skill & Entrepreneur Development (Skills updation on welder / Fitter / wiremen etc.)
10.0 2.0
3
Education and Scholarship Programmes (Providing furniture, computers, library, sports equipment etc. for schools, Sponsorship for School Sport events, Merit Scholarships to School Children)
10.0 1.0
4 Medical & health related activities (Ambulance facilities to villagers etc.)
7.0 1.5
5 Other requirements as per needs of the nearby Village Panchayat & Public Hearing outcome 6.0 2.5
Grand Total 45.0 10.0
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 8 8.4
Photographs showing Socio Economic activities done in the existing plant
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 8 8.5
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 8 8.6
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 8 8.7
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 9 9.1
CHAPTER – 9
ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
9.1 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
No specific TOR has been stipulated regarding Cost benefit analysis.
All the required environmental protection measures will be implemented in the proposed
plant and will be operated to comply with the MOEF&CC/CPCB/CECB norms. Rs. 0.5 Crores
is earmarked as capital investment for environmental protection measures in the proposed
project & Rs. 10.0 Lakhs/Annum for Recurring cost for Pollution control measures.
Table No. 9.1 : BUDGET FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES
S.No Item Capital Cost (Rs.in Lakhs)
Recurring Cost / Annum
(Rs.in Lacs)
1 Air emission control
• Dust Extraction systems with Bag filters
• Chimney
• Water Sprinklers
• Environment Monitoring
Nil (Already existing)
Nil
2 Wastewater Management
• Settling ponds
• Garland drains
25.0 8.0
3 Solid waste Management
• Construction of Pucca Platform for storage
• Hazardous & Municipal solid waste storage
25.0 2.0
4 Greenbelt development, Land scaping Noise Management
Nil Nil
TOTAL 50.0 10.0
9
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 10 10.1
CHAPTER – 10
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.1 INTRODUCTION [Gen. TOR # iv & xiii]
The major objective and benefit of utilising Environmental Impact Assessment in project
planning stage itself, is to prevent avoidable losses of environmental resources and values
as a result of Environmental Management. Environmental Management includes protection
/ mitigation / enhancement measures as well as suggesting post project monitoring
programme. Environmental management may suggest revision of project site or operation
to avoid adverse impacts or more often additional project operations may have to be
incorporated in the conventional operation.
The industrial development in the study area needs to be intertwined with judicious
utilisation of non-renewable resources of the study area and with in the limits of
permissible assimilative capacity. The assimilative capacity of the study area is the
maximum amount of pollution load that can be discharged in the environment without
affecting the designated use and is governed by dilution, dispersion, and removal due to
physico-chemical and biological processes. The Environment Management Plant (EMP) is
required to ensure sustainable development in the study area of the proposed plant site,
hence it needs to be an all encompassive plan for which the proposed industry,
Government, Regulating agencies like Pollution Control Board working in the region and
more importantly the affected population of the study area need to extend their
cooperation and contribution.
It has been evaluated that the study area has not been affected adversely and is likely to
get new economical fillip.
The affected environmental attributes in the region are air quality, water quality, soil, land
use, ecology and public health.
10
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The Management Action Plan aims at controlling pollution at the source level to the
possible extent with the available and affordable technology followed by treatment
measures before they are discharged.
Environmental Management aims at the preservation of ecosystem by considering the
pollution abatement facilities at the plant inception. In the upcoming modern coal washery
plants, pollution abatement has become an integral part of planning and design along with
Techno economic factors.
10.2 MANAGEMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE [Gen. TOR # xii]
Environmental pollution is inevitable during the construction phase. The project proponent
should take appropriate steps to control pollution during construction phase. The following
are the factors requiring control during construction phase.
10.2.1 SITE PREPARATION
At the time of construction of the project, there will be some quantity of soil and debris and
produce unstable material. The disturbed slopes shall be well stabilized before the on set of
the monsoon. The leveling operation will also involve piling up of backfill materials. Use of
dust suppressant spraying to minimize fugitive dust during construction activities is
recommended.
10.2.2 WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION
The employees at the plant shall be provided with water for their requirement and for the
construction activities. Sufficient and suitable toilet facilities will be provided to allow
proper standards of hygiene. These facilities would preferably be connected to a septic
tank and shall be maintained properly to have least environmental impact.
10.2.3 NOISE
Noise is anticipated during the construction phase due to the usage of various construction
equipment such as mechanical vibrator, mixers etc. The noise effect on the nearest
inhabitations due to construction activity will be negligible. However, it is advisable that
onsite workers working near the noise generating equipment shall be provided with noise
protection devices like earplugs.
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10.2.4 MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES
One should be very careful in selecting the site for vehicle maintenance, so as to prevent
the ground water contamination due to the spillage of oil. Both diesel and petrol engine
vehicles shall be maintained properly. Unauthorized dumping of waste oil should be
prohibited. Wastes should be disposed off to the CECB approved vendors.
10.2.5 WASTE
The solid waste shall be collected and disposed off as per norms.
10.2.6 STORAGE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIAL
The following hazardous materials need to be stored at the site during construction.
a. Gas for welding purpose
b. LDO
c. Painting materials
All these materials would be stored as per international safety standards.
10.2.7 LAND ENVIRONMENT
The proposed project will not create any major impact on land environment. As soon as the
construction activity is over, the surplus earth will be utilised to fill up low lying areas, the
rubbish will be cleared and all in built surfaces will be reinstated. Appropriate vegetation
will be planned and all such areas shall be landscaped. Green belt (9.1 acres) is developed
along the road side, at coal handling plant, all around the boundary line of the coal
washery.
10.3 POST CONSTRUCTION PHASE
10.3.1 AIR EMISSION MANAGEMENT
S.No. Stack attached to Control Equipment Particulate emission
at the outlet
a. Coal crushers (Existing)
Dust Extraction systems with Bag filters
< 50 mg/Nm3
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EIA report – Chapter 10 10.4
10.3.1.1 FUGITIVE EMISSIONS
Fugitive dust emissions are likely in the unloading areas, crusher area, material transfer
point, screening area etc.
• Fugitive emission in the material unloading area is being avoided by providing dust
suppression system and same practice will be continued in the present proposal.
• Dust extraction system with bagfilters is provided at crusher. Crusher is provided in
covered shed.
• At other dust emanating areas material transfer points are being controlled by
providing dust extraction system with bag filters and same practice will be continued.
• Water sprinkling by using fine atomizer nozzles arrangement is being provided on the
coal heaps and on land around the crusher and same practice will be continued.
• Green belt is being developed along the road side, coal handling plant and office
building and all round the boundary line of the coal washery.
• Stock piles, hoppers, rubber decks in chutes and centrifugal chutes are provided with
proper rubber linings.
• Fugitive emissions are being regularly monitored in the plant area and CPCB
stipulations regarding fugitive emission control and monitoring are being followed.
Control of Emissions at CHP
In the coal handling plant, all required precautions are being taken up to prevent the air
emissions. Unloading areas are provided with dust suppression system. At the material
transfer points, dust extraction system with bag filters are provided. All conveyers are
completely covered with GI sheets to prevent fugitive dust emission. All transfer points are
being be provided with enclosures.
10.3.1.2 DUST SUPPRESSION SYSTEM
Water sprinklers are provided at the unloading areas of the raw materials for dust
suppression. Dust suppression system with water sprinklers are provided and same
practice will be continued in the present proposal.
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10.3.1.3 INTERNAL ROADS
Internal roads are asphalted to prevent the fugitive dust emission due to vehicular
movement.
Impacts Management plan
Sources of dust emissions are:
• Raw material unloading Dust suppression system
• Coal yard Water sprinkling with fine atomizer nozzles arrangement on coal heaps and on land around the crusher.
• Coal crusher Dust extraction system with bag filters with outlet dust emission less than 50 mg/Nm3.
• Conveyers & transfer points Provided with sheet enclosures
• Due to Vehicular movement Internal roads are asphalted Avenue plantation along the village road.
Apart from above Management Plan, Green belt development further attenuate the impacts.
10.3.1.4 COMPLIANCE ON CREP RECOMMENDATIONS
All the following CREP recommendations are being implemented & being followed:
✓ Water is being sprayed at all strategic coal transfer points such as conveyors, loading
unloading point’s etc. Conveyors, transfer points etc. are provided with enclosures.
✓ Crusher is provided with enclosures, fitted with bag filters and finally being emitted
through a stack of minimum height of 30 m, conforming particulate emission standards.
✓ Water sprinkling by using fine atomizer nozzles arrangement are provided on the coal
heaps and on land around the crusher.
✓ Area, in and around the coal washery are being asphalted. Water consumption in the
coal washery will be below 1.5 cubic meter per tonne of coal.
✓ The efficiency of the settling ponds of the waste water treatment system of the coal
washery will not be less than 90%.
✓ Green belt is being developed along the road side, coal handling plants, residential
complex, and office building and all round the boundary line of the coal washery.
✓ Storage bunkers, hoppers, rubber decks in chutes and centrifugal chutes are provided
with proper rubber linings.
✓ Vehicles movement in the coal washery area is being regulated effectively to avoid
traffic congestion. High pressure horn are prohibited. Smoke emission from heavy duty
vehicle operating in the coal washery are confirmed with the standards prescribed
under Motor Vehicle Rules 1989.
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✓ Difference in value of SPM measured between 25 to 30 m from the enclosure of coal
crushing plant in the downwind and leeward direction are not exceeding 50 mg/Nm3.
This method is based on High volume samples and using average flow rate not
exceeding 1.1m3/min. In the existing plant also the SPM levels measured at 25 m from
the enclosure of coal crushing plant is 38 mg/Nm3 which is < 50 mg/nm3.
Effluent Discharge
✓ Close circuit operation with zero effluent discharge is being practiced in the existing
plant and same practiced will be continued in the present proposal.
Noise Levels
✓ Operation / working Zone – not to exceed 85 dBA for 8 hrs exposure.
10.3.2 WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN TO MITIGATE THE ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
PROJECT [Gen. TOR # iii & xxii] IMPACTS MANAGEMENT PLAN
Untreated waste water Settling ponds with 95 % efficiency
Ground water contamination Storage areas are made pucca. Garland drainage system are provided.
Effluent discharge Effluent is being treated in thickener and the supernatant is being utilized for dust suppression, plantation development and the balance is being reused in the process. Zero effluent discharge is being maintained and same will be continued.
Impact on Lilagarh River due to discharge of Effluent from proposed project
Closed loop water system is being adopted in the existing plant and same will be continued in the present proposal. Hence there will not be any waste water generation from process and cooling. Zero effluent discharge is being maintained and same will be continued. The only waste water generation from the plant will be sanitary waste water. Sanitary waste is being treated in septic tank by Sub-surface dispersion trench and same will be practiced in the present proposal.
Ground water contamination due to effluent discharge
Zero effluent discharge is being maintained and same will be continued. Sanitary waste is being treated in septic tank by Sub-surface dispersion trench and same will be practiced in the present proposal.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 10 10.7
➢ As it is proposed to install Heavy media-based Coal Washery, in which water after
washing of coal (waste water) will be recycled back.
➢ The efficiency of settling pond of the waste water system will be 95 % for the present
proposal as maintained in the existing plant.
➢ Sanitary waste is being treated in septic tank by Sub-surface dispersion trench and
same will be practiced in the present proposal.
➢ The effluent from the plant is sent to the thickener and flocculants are settlement of
suspended solids and helps to give a clearer overflow.
➢ The settled solids are collected at the bottom cone of the thickener tank.
➢ The solids which are collected in the bottom of the thickener are pumped to the
settling ponds for reclamation of water. The solid dried cake is blended with rejects.
➢ The overflow of the thickener which is clear water is being recycled and same practice
will be continued in the present proposal also.
➢ The proposed plant is a zero-effluent plant and the process selected ensures minimum
generation of dust as maintained in the existing plant.
➢ All the MoEF&CC norms/CREP recommendations for coal washeries are being
implemented in the proposed project.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 10 10.8
Effluent Treatment Plant
10.3.3 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT [Gen. TOR # xvii]
Washery rejects is main solid waste generated from the proposed coal washery unit and is
being given to rejects based power plant. Washery rejects of 0.72 MTPA will be given to
Power plant of M/s. Prakash Industries Ltd., Janjgir – Champa District, Chhattisgarh.
MoU copy for supply of washery rejects to the above customer is enclosed as Appendix - 2.
Hazardous waste generation, storage & disposal:
1. Waste oil : 5.0 KL / Annum
This is being stored in covered HDPE drums in a designated area and is being given to SPCB
approved vendors and same practice will be followed in the present proposal.
2. Used Batteries:
Used batteries are being given back to the supplier under buyback agreement with supplier
and same practice will be followed in the present proposal.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 10 10.9
Municipal Solid Waste Generation & its Disposal:
Type of Municipal solid waste Proposed method of disposal
Construction debris (generated during construction phase)
Used for landfill within the plant site to the extent possible and the remaining if any will be given to authorised recyclers.
Canteen waste Used in composting / Vermiculture Used as manure for greenbelt development within the premises.
Recyclables Given to SPCB authorised dealers
10.3.4 NOISE LEVEL MANAGEMENT
The major noise generating sources in the plant are DG sets & crusher. Acoustic enclosure
are provided to DG sets. Crusher is inside the covered shed. The major noise levels are
being confined to the working zones of the plant. The Leq of eight hours will be within the
prescribed standards. Community noise levels are not likely to be effected due to the
proposed additional greenbelt and attenuation due to the physical barriers. The ambient
noise levels in existing plant are less than 75 dBA during day time & less than 70 dBA during
night time and same will be continued in the present proposal also. As the nearest
habitation is about 0.5 Kms. from the plant, there is no adverse impact on habitations due
to the proposed project.
Recommendations
a) Acoustic enclosures are provided to DG Set and same will be continued in the
present proposal.
b) The impact can reduce by adopting shock absorbing techniques.
c) Ear plugs are being provided to the workers & is being enforced strictly and same
will be continued in the present proposal.
d) Extensive greenbelt is being developed for further attenuating the noise levels.
10.3.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT
All the required Air Emission Control systems are provided in the existing plant and same
practiced will be continued in the present proposal also. Zero effluent discharge is being
maintained in the existing plant and same practice will be following in the present proposal
also. Hence there will not be any impact on land environment due to the proposed project.
The solid waste generated from the existing plant is being utilized / disposed as per norms
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 10 10.10
and same practice will be followed in the present proposal also. Hence there will not be any
adverse impact on land environment due to the solid waste generated from the proposed
project activities. 1/3 of the Greenbelt i.e. 9.1 Acres is developed in the Plant area will have
positive impact on land environment. Lawn is developed in open areas & at admin building
and other areas to reduce the soil erosion within the premises.
A brief plan for soil conservation is given below for present proposal:
1. Rain water coming down from the nearby hill will be diverted in to the natural drain.
2. The 10 wide greenbelt on all sides shall be at least 30 to 50 Cm lower than the adjacent
ground. Along the gradient, the greenbelt shall be divided in to a number of plots by
small bunds filled with rocks. There shall be a gradient of about 30 cm from plot to plot.
All the storm water flows in to the plots of greenbelt from different points and then it
flows from one plot another down below. It looks like a miniature terrace cultivation.
Ultimately, the surplus water will flow in to an onsite pond for percolation and settling.
The soil structure is such that most of the water will sink in to ground within a few days.
If there is any water in the rain water collection pond, it will be used for plantations,
gardening, and dust suppression. When the pond becomes dry, the silt and soil particles
settled at the bottom shall be taken out and spread thinly over the soil in the greenbelt.
Recommendations
Land scaping is done around the Administrative building, raw material storage areas, etc.
and recommended to continue the same practice.
10.3.6 MEASURES FOR IMPROVEMENT OF ECOLOGY
There are no Wild life sanctuaries, Bird sanctuaries, National Parks within 10 Km. radius of
the plant. No significant vegetation occurs in and around the project site. No significant
fauna exists in the area. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on flora & fauna due to
the proposed project.
Recommendations
➢ Plantation programme is being carried out in several areas. They include plantation,
along the internal and external roads and along the administrative buildings and the
stacking yards.
➢ People should be educated and trained in social forestry activities by local
governmental and non-governmental organizations.
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10.3.6.1 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT
Extensive greenbelt is being developed to mitigate the impacts on Environment. This will
further mitigate the impacts. 10 m wide greenbelt is being developed all around the plant.
A detailed greenbelt plan will be developed in as per CPCB guidelines in consultation with
local DFO for present proposal.
Greenbelt plantation
Greenbelt is developed in a set of rows of trees planted in such a way that they form an
effective barrier between the plant and the surroundings. The main purpose of greenbelt
development is to contribute to the following factors.
• To maintain the ecological homeostatus.
• To attenuate the emissions and the fugitive dust emissions.
• To prevent the soil erosion.
• To attenuate the noise levels.
Plantation of grass, flowers, bushes and trees is being taken up to reduce the generation of
dust from the bare earth and to enhance the aesthetic value.
Plantation species
Plantation species is being considered based on the following:
• Suitable to the Geo-climatic conditions of the area.
• Mix of round, spreading, oblong and conical canopies.
• Ever green trees.
• Different heights ranging from 4m to 20m.
Plantation for Arresting dust
Trees particularly having compact branching closely arranged leaves of simple elliptical and
hairy structure, shiny or waxy leaves and hairy twigs are efficient filters of dust. The
following species are suggested to arrest the dust
• Alstonia Scholaris
• Bauhinia purpurea
• Cassia siamea
• Peltoferrum ferrugineum
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• Butea monosperma
• Tamarindus indica
• Azadirachta indica
Plantation to absorb SO2 emissions
The following plants are suggested for plantation to absorb SO2 in the air.
• Azadirachta indica
• Albizia lebbeck
• Alstonia scholaris
• Lagerstroemia flosregineae
• Melia azedarach
• Minusops elangi
• Poloyalthia longifloia
Plantation to reduce noise pollution
Trees having thick and flushy leaves with petioles are suitable. Heavier branches and trunks
of trees also deflect the sound waves. The following plant species are suggested to reduce
noise pollution.
• Alstonia scholaris
• Azadirachta indica
• Melia monosperma
• Grevillea peridifolia
• Tamarindus indica
• Greavillea robusta
Plantation along the roads (Avenue plantation)
• Alstonia scholaris
• Cassia fistula
• Bauhinia purpurea
• Mimusops elangi
• Pongamia pinnata
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• Polyalthia longifolia
• Poluferrum ferrugineum
• Lagerstroemia flosreginea
• Cassia siamea.
Greenbelt development plan [Gen. TOR # iv]
• Local DFO will be consulted in developing the green belt for the present proposal.
• 9.1 acres of extensive greenbelt is developed in the plant premises as per CPCB
guidelines.
• 10 m wide greenbelt is developed all around the plant.
• The tree species to be selected for the plantation are pollutant tolerant, fast
growing, wind firm, deep rooted. A three tier plantation is proposed comprising of
an outer most belt of taller trees which will act as barrier, middle core acting as air
cleaner and the innermost core which may be termed as absorptive layer consisting
of trees which are known to be particularly tolerant to pollutants.
• 600 nos. of plants are being planted per acre as per CPCB guidelines.
10.3.7 RAINWATER HARVESTING [Gen. TOR # ix]
• Rainwater harvesting structures will be constructed to harvest the run-off water from
roof tops by laying a separate storm water drainage system for recharging of ground
water.
• Rain water harvesting will be taken-up in consultation with Central Ground Water
Board.
• The water conserved will be used to meet the plant water requirement. Supporting
calculations are shown in the subsequent slide.
• Rain water harvesting and groundwater recharge structures also will be constructed
outside the plant premises in consultation with local Gram Panchayat and Village
Heads to augment the ground water level.
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Post-construction Run off
• The average rainfall and the land area have been taken up for the estimation of runoff
for the prediction from the project site.
• As the vacant exposed land would be converted in to built up land, the natural
recharge that had taken place during the pre-construction period would not occur and
hence there would be meager infiltration.
• The losses such as, Percolation, evaporation and other unforeseen loses have been
considered.
The following is the Plan for rain water harvesting measure at plant site.
Total Area = 85064.9 M2
Average annual rainfall = 1082 mm
Quantum of Rain water that can be harvested from the premises
a) Average annual rainfall = 1.082 m
b) Runoff co-efficient
Runoff co-efficient for Roof area = 90%
Runoff co-efficient for Roads and Paved area = 80%
Runoff co-efficient for Open area = 40%
Runoff co-efficient for Green belt area = 20%
c) Details of Rain water harvesting potential
S.No. Type of area Total Area (m2)
Runoff Co-efficient
Rainfall in m
Rainwater Collection
Potential (m3)
1. Paved Areas 36421.7 0.9 1.082 35467.5
2. Water storage & RWH 2023.4 1 1.082 2189.3
3. Internal roads 9793.4 0.8 1.082 8477.2
4. Greenbelt 36826.4 0.2 1.082 7969.2
5. Total 85064.9 54103.2
The potential rain water that can be collected will be 54103.2 m3/year. This conserved
water will be utilised for plant water requirement. Accordingly the net water requirement
for the plant will reduce.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 10 10.15
10.4 POST PROJECT MONITORING STRATEGY
The monitoring of various environmental parameters is necessary as part of the
environmental protection measures. Monitoring is an important feature because the
efficiency of control measures can only be determined by monitoring. A comprehensive
monitoring programme is given under. PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NOX are monitored as per
Ministry notification vide G.S.R. No. 826(E) dated 16th November, 2009.
Locations and frequency of monitoring as per the guidelines of CECB and MoEF&CC are
tabulated below:
MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS
S.No. Particulars Frequency of Monitoring
Duration of sampling
Parameters required to be monitored
1.Water & Waste water quality
A. Water quality (around storage yards)
Once in a month Grab sampling
As per IS: 10500
2. Air Quality
A. Stack Monitoring Once in a month PM
B. Ambient Air quality
Twice a week 24 hours continuously
PM2.5, PM10, SO2 & NOx
C. Fugitive emission monitoring
Once in a month 8 hours PM
3. Meteorological Data
A. Meteorological data to be monitored at the plant site.
Daily Continuous monitoring
Temperature, Relative Humidity, rainfall, wind direction & wind speed.
4. Noise Levels
A. Noise Levels Once in a month one day in a month on hourly basis
Ambient Noise levels in dBA
Infrastructure for Environmental Protection
Man Power
The project proponent shall provide a fully equipped laboratory to carry out the analysis.
The following manpower shall be provided on regular basis.
1. Environmental Engineer / Safety Officer / Environmental Officer
He should be a graduate engineer with adequate experience. He will be responsible for
implementing and monitoring the environmental impacts and all the safety aspects. He
should be a liasioning officer between the plant and the regulatory agencies like CECB,
CPCB etc.
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2. Chemist
He should be a qualified chemist to carry out the analysis of various samples.
3. Monitoring equipment and Consumables
Environmental monitoring during the operation phase of the plant will be entrusted to a
third party. Monitoring will be carried out as per CPCB/CECB norms. A budgetary
allocation of Rs 6.0 Lakhs will be earmarked for Environmental monitoring.
Noise levels
A sound level meter shall be purchased to record noise levels in different scales like A, B
and C with slow and fast response options at various generating source from D.G set which
will be used only when there is an interruption in the power supply.
10.5 COSTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Capital Cost for Environment Protection for total project : Rs. 0.5 Crores
Total Recurring Cost for Environmental protection : Rs. 10 lakhs per annum.
BUDGET FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES
S.No Item Capital Cost (Rs.in Lakhs)
Recurring Cost / Annum
(Rs.in Lacs)
1 Air emission control
• Dust Extraction systems with Bag filters
• Chimney
• Water Sprinklers
• Environment Monitoring
Nil (Already existing)
Nil
2 Wastewater Management
• Settling ponds
• Garland drains
25.0 8.0
3 Solid waste Management
• Construction of Pucca Platform for storage
• Hazardous & Municipal solid waste storage
25.0 2.0
4 Greenbelt development, Land scaping Noise Management
Nil Nil
TOTAL 50.0 10.0
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10.6 CORPORATE ENIRONMENT POLICY [Gen. TOR # ix]
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EIA report – Chapter 10 10.18
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 10 10.19
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 10 10.20
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 11 11.1
CHAPTER – 11
SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 11.1 INTRODUCTION
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. is an existing plant coal washery at Hindadih
Village, Masturi Tehsil, Bilaspur District, Chhattisgarh.
The following are the details pertaining to the existing plant:
• Consent to Establish issued by CECB for 1.2 MTPA Dry type coal washery in 1264 / RO /
RS / CECB / 2005 dated 5th August 2005. Subsequently production has been
commenced.
• A proposal has been submitted to MoEF for expanding the plant from 1.2 MTPA (Dry
type) to 2.4 MTPA (Dry type) and obtained Environmental Clearance vide no. J-
11015/190/2007-IA-II (M) Dated 24th June 2008.
• Subsequently, another proposal has been submitted to MoEF for expansion of existing
plant from 2.4 MTPA (Dry type) to 3.6 MTPA (establishment of 1x1.2 MTPA Wet type
washery) and obtained Environmental Clearance vide no. J-11015/364/2009-IA-II(M)
dated 21st May 2014.
• This EC issued on 21st May 2014 has superseded the earlier EC obtained vide no. J-
11015/190/2007-IA-II(M) Dated 24th June 2008.
• 2.4 MTPA dry type washery & 1.2 MTPA coal washery (wet type) is in operation.
Now it has been proposed to convert the existing 2.4 MTPA - DRY TYPE coal washery to
2.4 MTPA- WET TYPE coal washery to meet the customer requirement.
As per the EIA notification dated 14th September 2006 & its subsequent amendments, the
proposed project fall in Category - A project or activity (2a).
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11.2 DETAILS ABOUT THE PROJECT
1. Location of the Project : Hindadih Village, Masturi Tehsil,
Bilaspur District, Chhattisgarh
2. Proposed Project : It is proposed for change in technology in the existing plant
i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA
WET type coal washery.
3. Total land : 27.42 acres (present proposal of change in technology will
be taken up in the existing plant premises only)
4. Proposed project cost : Rs.12.00 Crores (for Change in technology)
5. Source of water : Water requirement for the proposed project is being
sourced from Ground water source (existing) and
additional water will be sourced from Lilagarh river
(Bhawradih Anicut).
6. Water requirement : Consumption of existing 2 x 1.2 MTPA Dry and 1 x 1.2
MTPA Wet Process is 610 m3/day. Additional Requirement
after proposed change from dry process to wet process
shall be 475 m3/day. Hence, total make up water
requirement shall be 1085 m3/day.
Additional water will be sourced from Lilagarh river
(Bhawradih Anicut).
7. Wastewater generation : Only wastewater generation is Sanitary Wastewater which
is being generated in the existing plant, is being treated in
septic tank followed by subsurface dispersion trench and
same practice will be followed in the present proposal also.
8. Air Emission Control equipment’s
proposed
: Dust Extraction systems with Bag filters
9. Wastewater management : Closed loop water system is being adopted in the existing
plant and same will be continued in the present proposal.
Hence there will not be any wastewater generation from
the process. Sanitary wastewater is being treated in Septic
Tank followed by Sub-surface dispersion trench and same
practice will be maintained in the present proposal. Zero
effluent discharge system will be maintained in the
proposed project.
10. Solid waste disposal : Washery rejects is main solid waste generated from the
proposed coal washery unit and is being given to rejects
based power plant. Washery rejects of 0.72 MTPA will be
given to Power plant of M/s. Prakash Industries Ltd., Janjgir
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EIA report – Chapter 11 11.3
– Champa District, Chhattisgarh.
11. Green belt development : Greenbelt of 9.1 acres is developed in the plant premises
as per CPCB guidelines.
11.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS
Present proposal is only change in technology in the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY
type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery.
Capacity of Coal Washery
EC obtained CTO details Change in technology
2.4 MTPA (Dry type)
E.C. accorded in
24th
June 2008 CTO issued for both 2.4 MTPA (Dry type)
& 1.2 MTPA (Wet type)
2.4 MTPA (Dry type) to
2.4 MTPA (Wet Type)
1.2 MTPA (Wet Type)
E.C. accorded in
21st
May 2014 No change
Total Permitted Capacity of Coal Washery: 3.6 MTPA
Coal washery comprises of coal crushing & screening and washing of coal to produce clean
coal with 34% ash, appropriately sized and a middling fraction by treating the raised coals
from the mine. Wet type of coal washery is proposed as it will have lesser environmental
problems compared to the dry type of washery and to suit to client’s specific requirement of
lower ash content. Closed loop water system is proposed in the process. Zero effluent
discharge is being maintained in the existing plant and similar pattern will be maintained in
the plant premises in the proposed change in technology.
The process consists of crushing of the ROM coal in a Roll crusher. The crushed coal is then
washed in Zig to produce clean coal and middling with the help of water stream and air
pressure.
11.4 CONCLUSION
Management of Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. will support local areas that will
be benefited by way of generation of employment opportunities, increased demand for local
products and services. There will be an overall improvement in the income level of the local
people.
The proposed project will create direct employment of 21 and during the construction to
around 50 persons. With the development of this plant there will be lot of scope for more
industrial investments which in turn will benefit the nation.
Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]
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EIA report – Chapter 12 12.1
CHAPTER – 12
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED
12.1 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED
PIONEER ENVIRO LABORATORIES & CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD. is QCI-NABET accredited vide
certificate No. NABET/ EIA/ 1619/ RA 026. It is one of the leading Environmental
Consultancy organizations in South India and Chhattisgarh. Established in 1996 PIONEER
ENVIRO has an excellent track record of serving several well-established Group companies
across the Country.
PIONEER ENVIRO is a team of professionals in various disciplines such as Environmental
Engineering & Environmental Management. The team is slated to double in next two
years.
Our goals are to provide all of our clients with quality services at a fair, competitive price.
By offering a turnkey service (excepting some specific areas), we can maximize the
efficiency of data collection so that our clients pay one time for similar services. The
technologies deployed at PIONEER ENVIRO are current and leading edge, duly validated.
PIONEER ENVIRO has an exceptional team of Environment professionals. PIONEER ENVIRO
has the expertise to assess the impact of various industrial activities such Coal Washery,
Power Plants, Steel Plants, Distilleries, Cement Plants etc., on the environment. These
assessments will help the industry to install the best Environmental Management Systems
and to maintain the plant in accordance with the norms stipulated for ISO-14001 & ISO-
18000. PIONEER ENVIRO services range from site assessments, environmental audits,
environmental impact statements and risk assessments to waste management.
Following are some of the services which are PIONEER ENVIRO core competency:
❖ Helping the client to select the suitable site as per the norms of Ministry of
Environment Forest and Climate Change, Govt. of India and State Pollution Control
Boards in India.
❖ Environmental Impact assessment studies carried out as per the guidelines issued
by Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change, Govt. of India and State
Pollution Control Boards in India.
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EIA report – Chapter 12 12.2
❖ Environment Audits.
❖ Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Studies.
❖ Occupational health & industrial hygiene.
❖ Solid waste management.
❖ Environmental baseline studies covering the fields of ambient Air, Surface water,
Ground water, Soil, Noise and Biological Environment (Flora & Fauna).
❖ Stack Emission Monitoring, Effluent Analysis, Ground water analysis.
❖ Design of Effluent Treatment Plant
❖ Design of Sewage Treatment Plant