Today’s Topics • Review: World War II
• Zoot-Suit Riots (read articles online)
• Intro Paragraph Due. Oct. 23 (Return)
• The End of Mexican Schools
• Exam 2 Thursday
1
• Pearl Harbor
– On December 7, 1941 Japanese planes launched from aircraft carriers bombed the American naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii.
– FDR asked for a declaration of war against Japan.
4
The Home Front • Mobilizing for War
– World War II transformed the role of the national government.
• Business and the War
– The West Coast emerged as a focus of military-industrial production.
5
M-5 tanks on the assembly line at
a Detroit Cadillac plant
• Women at War
– In 1944 women made up over one-third of the civilian labor force.
– New opportunities opened for married women and mothers.
6
War on the Home Front
Executive Order 9066 • 1942 Executive Order 9066
– Ralph Lazo at Manzanar Camp
• The Bracero Program 1942-1964
– The bracero program allowed contract laborers to cross into the United States to work.
– Purpose is to relieve the labor shortage during WWII.
8
• Zoot-Suit Riots in Los Angeles
– The “zoot suit” riots showed limits of tolerance.
– Clyde Duncan, Harlem, inspired by the film Gone with the Wind http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8mM8iNarcRc
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6zKP-_oIADg
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=orhf_Xv6HCA
10
Sleepy Lagoon case 1942-1944
• On August 2, 1942 Jose Diaz was found dead in the Sleepy Lagoon.
• The young Mexican Americans were convicted. Aztec rituals were used as evidence of the violent nature of Mexican Americans
• In October, 1944, the Court of Appeal of the State of California reversed the convictions,
Zoot-Suit Riots http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ioNLZME5sM
• 1943 Los Angeles disturbances, Pachuco Riots
• June 3, 1943 sailors attacked Mexican-Americans, and stripped them of their suits.
• By June 9 State Department declared Los Angeles off limits to military personnel
• Factors, racial prejudice stimulated by police practices and inflammatory newspaper reports
• http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/zoot/eng_sfeature/sf_lamap.html#