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Histologyof
Central Nervous System
Dr. Sama ul Haque
Objectives
Describe the microscopic anatomy of gray
matter & white matter
Describe the microscopic anatomy of neuroglial
cells of CNS
Describe the microscopic anatomy of spinal cord.
Discuss the microscopic anatomy of Cerebral
cortex.
Discuss the microscopic anatomy of Cerebellum.
Describe the microscopic anatomy Meninges
Gray matter & White matter
Gray matter
Contains abundant neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, the initial unmyelinated portions of axons, & neuroglial cells .
White matter Contains myelinated fibers & neuroglial
cells .
Neuroglial Cells of CNS
They are nonneuronal, supportive cells
4 types of cells can be seen:
1. Astrocyte
Form part blood-barrier
2 types:
fibrous astrocytes
protoplasmic astrocytes
2. Oligodendrocytes
Form myelin sheath around axons in the CNS
3. Microglia
Are small cells with complex shapes.
Phagocytotic cells.
4. Ependymal Cells
Line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of
the spinal cord
low columnar cilated epithelial cells
Spinal Cord
Spinal Cord
Spinal Cord
(Motor Neurons) Spinal Cord
Gray Matter
I. Molecular Layer (Plexiform Layer):
Pia Mater and Neuroglial cells
II. External Granular layer:
Small pyramidal cells
III.External Pyramidal layer:
Medium-sized pyramidal cells
IV.Internal Granular layer (Ganglionic Layer):
Small granule cells
Cerebral Cortex
Gray Matter
V. Internal Pyramidal layer:
Largest pyramidal cells (Betz Cells)
VI. Multiform layer (Layer of polymorphic cells):
Fusiform cells
Granule cells
Stellate cells
Cells of Martinotti
Cerebral Cortex
White Matter
Bundles of Axons
Cerebral Cortex
Cerebral Cortex
Cerebral Cortex (Layer V)
T.S of Cerebellum
Gray Matter
I. Molecular Layer:
Stellate cells
Basket cells
Neuroglial cells
II. Purkinje cell layer:
Purkinje cells:
Flask shaped
Arranged in a single layer having Thick dendrites.
Cerebellum
Gray Matter
III. Granular layer:
Small Granule cells with dark stained nuclei
Golgi type II cells
Glomeruli
Cerebellum
Cerebellar Cortex
Meninges
Are connective tissue covering the brain &
spinal cord
Three meningial layers are distinguished:
1. Dura is thick external layer consisting of dense C.T
2. Arachanoid(arachnoeides, spiderweblike) has two components:
(1) Sheet of connective tissue in contact with the dura mater
(2) System of loosely arranged trabeculae containing fibroblasts and collagen.
3. Pia is a delicate & loose connective tissue containing
many blood vessels.
Thank You