historia de la musica occidental el siglo xx y despues

7/25/2019 historia de la musica occidental el siglo xx y despues

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SEXTA PARTE

EL SIGLO XX YDESPUS

REALIZADO PARA EL DEPARTAMENTO DE PEDAGOGA MUSICAL.ASIGNATURA : HISTORIA DE LA MUSICA IV.

ALUMNO : JAUME PALOU XAMENA


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La msia !"# si$#% XX &a "s'a!% 'am(i)* m+s !i,"-sia!a /0" "*#as $"*"-ai%*"s 1-""!"*'"s2 #%s msi%s -""3ami*a-%* s0s 10"s'%s(+si%s a"-a !" #a msia 4 -"a-%* %(-as *0",as %* -"s0#'a!%ss%-1-"*!"*'"s. Nai"-%* '-a!ii%*"s *0",as %m% "# -a$'im"2 "# 5a662

#%s m0sia#"s2 #a msia !"# i*"2 "# -%72 %*'i*0a-%* "s-i(i"*!%msia '%*a#. O'-%s %*i(i"-%* *0",%s sis'"mas !" %-$a*i6ai8* !"#%s '%*%s2 %m% #a a'%*a#i!a!2 #a 1%#i '%*a#i!a!2 #a *"%9'%*a#i!a! 4 #%sm)'%!%s !%!"a8*i%s

LOS INICIOS DEL SIGLO XX

E# i*ii% !"# si$#% 33 0" 0*a )1%a !"; -+1i!%s am(i%s "* #a

'"*%#%$


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Es'a!%s U*i!%s "m"-$i8 %m% 1%'"*ia m0*!ia#. L%s i*mi$-a*'"ssi$0i"-%* a?04"*!% &aia #%s Es'a!%s U*i!%s2 1-%"!"*'"s a&%-a !"ma*"-a -"i"*'" !"# s0- 4 !"# "s'" !" E0-%1a2 #%s a-%am"-ia*%s !"#s0- s" !"s1#a6a-%* a #as $-a*!"s i0!a!"s !"# *%-'". As< "m1"68 a

!"sa--%##a-s" 0*a 0#'0-a *"$-a 0-(a*a "* #a 0a# #a msia "-a #a0"-6a 0#'0-a# !" ma4%- a#i(-".Si$m0*! >-"0! !"sa--%##% "# 1si%a*+#isis 4 "31-"s8 /0" #a %*!0'a&0ma*a "s "# -"s0#'a!% !" !"s"%s i*%*si"*'"s 4 -"1-imi!%s 1%- #as-"s'-ii%*"s 0#'0-a#"s 4 !" /0" #%s s0"@%s s%* ,"*'a*as /0" %-""*0*a ,isi8* !" #%s %*?i'%s i*'"-*%s !" 0*a 1"-s%*a.E* #a s"$0*!a mi'a! !"# si$#% XIX2 #%s 1i*'%-"s -a*"s"s %*%i!%s%m% im1-"si%*is'as i*a0$0-a(a* "# 1-im"-% !" 0*a s"-i" !"m%,imi"*'%s a-'

La msia m+s %m*i1-"s"*'" "-a #a a*i8* 1%10#a-2 i*'"-1-"'a!a "*a(a-"'s2 a"s2 sa#as !" msia 4 '"a'-%s2 4 10(#ia!a 1a-a "#m"-a!% !%m)s'i%. Ca!a -"$i8* #i*$


4/32

"3'-ai!%s !" #a msia 1%10#a- 4 #%s i*s"-'a(a "* "# %*'"3'% !" 0*a%(-a &a(#a!a %* 0* a-$0m"*'% 8mi% % -%m+*'i%. G"%-$" E!Ba-!s"s'a(#"i8 "# $)*"-% m"!ia*'" #a %m(i*ai8* !" "#"m"*'%s !""s1"'+0#%s !" ,a-i"!a!"s.

La msica del cine m!do"

L%s "s1"'+0#%s !" im+$"*"s "* m%,imi"*'% "m1"6a-%* a %m1"'i-%* "# '"a'-% 4 s" &ii"-%* "*%-m"m"*'" 1%10#a-"s2 #as 1"#


5/32

E# -"1"-'%-i% #+si% !%mi*8 asi '%!%s #%s am1%s !" #a msia !"%*i"-'%s2 -"i'a#"s !" 1ia*%2 #a a*i8* % msia !" +ma-a &as'a #a%1"-a 4 #%s %*i"-'%s %* %-/0"s'-a. #%s i*'"-1-"'"s 4 #%s %4"*'"s2

"3i$


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!i"-"*'"s "s'-a'%s m0sia#"s s" s"1a-a* m"!ia*'" "# %#%- !" #%s'%*%s2 %-"" 0*a $-a* ,a-i"!a! !" %#%-"s '


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In'la(erra 2a!'3an, 4illiams $ 5ols("

E# -"*aimi"*'% m0sia# i*$#)s '%m% 0* -0m(% *ai%*a#is'a2 #%s

%m1%si'%-"s (0sa-%* 0*a ,%6 "s1"ia 1a-a #a msia 0#'ai*$#"sa "##%s s" %*,i-'i"-%* "* #%s #i!"-"s !" #a *0",a "s0"#ai*$#"sa.

El nacionalismo c3eco

Pa-a #%s 10"(#%s !"# "s'" !" E0-%1a s%m"'i!%s 1%- #%s im1"-i%sa0s'-%&*$a-% 4 -0s%2 s" '-a'a(a !" 0*a 1-"%01ai8* 1%#


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%m% 1ia*is'a2 s0 "#"(-i!a! -a!ia "* s0 #"*$0a5" a1asi%*a!% 4m"#8!i%.A#"3a*!"- S-ia(i*2 %m"*68 "s-i(i"*!% *%'0-*%s2 1-"#0!i%s2"s'0!i%s2 4 ma60-as a #a ma*"-a !" C&%1i* 4 1%s'"-i%-m"*'" asimi#%

"# -%ma'ism% !" Lis6' 4 a$*"-2 "s-i(i8 si*%*


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/0" !"si$*a #a msia /0" ",i'a "s'a(#""- 0* "*'-% !" msia'%*a#2 &aia "# m)'%!% !%!"a8*i%

Las o&ras (onales"

Em1"68 "s-i(i"*!% msia '%*a# "* "# "s'i#% 'a-!% -%m+*'i%2 s"!is'a*i8 1-%*'% !"# $i$a*'ism% -%m+*'i% 4 !i-i$i8 s0 a'"*i8* &aia#a msia !" +ma-a2 #a %-ma !" #a %(-a "* 0* m%,imi"*'% /0"%m(i*a 0*a %-ma s%*a'a "3'"*!i!a %* #%s 0a'-% m%,imi"*'%s&a(i'0a#"s !" 0* 0a-'"'% 2 !"(" m0&% a #a S%*a'a 1a-a 1ia*% "* sim"*%- !" Lis6'.

La msica a(onal"

E* F "m1"68 a %m1%*"- 1i"6as /0" ",i'a(a* "s'a(#""- 0*a*%'a %m% "*'-% '%*a#2 ##ama!% 1%- %'-%s msia a'%*a#2 s" si*'i8m%,i!% a a(a*!%*a- #a '%*a#i!a!2 "* 1a-'" 1%-/0" "# -%ma'ism%1%'"*ia!%2 #as m%!0#ai%*"s -"m%'as 4 #as 1-%#%*$a!as !is%*a*ias!" #a msia &a(


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"* #a -""1i8* !" #%s #'im%s 0a-'"'%s !" ""'&%,"*2 a#a*68 0*a*0",a i*'"*si!a! %* S&*("-$ 4 m0&%s %'-%s m%!"-*is'as.

er'

Em1"68 s0s "s'0!i%s %* S&*("-$2 a0*/0" a!%1'8 #%s m)'%!%sa'%*a# 4 !%!"a8*i% !"# ma"s'-%2 #%s %4"*'"s "*0"*'-a* s0 msiam+s a"si(#"2 a"*'a "# !-ama'ism% 4 %-$a*i6a #a msia m"!ia*'""# 0s% !" #"i'm%'i, %*50*'%s !" #as"s !" '%*%s i!"*'ia!%s %* #%s1-%'a$%*is'as 4 #as %-mas '-a!ii%*a#"s /0" "31-"sa* %m"*'a-i%si-8*i%s s%(-" #%s 1"-s%*a5"s 4 #a si'0ai8*.

+n(on 4e&ern

R"i(i8 'am(i)* #as"s !" S&*("-2 "# -"


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L#"$% &a "s'a s


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E# 1"-i%!% "*'-" #a 1-im"-a 4 #a s"$0*!a $0"--a m0*!ia# 0" '"s'i$%!" 0*a s"-i" !" am(i%s2 "* #a ,i!a m0sia#. La 1-%#i"-ai8* !" #%s%*8$-a%s2 !" ')*ias m"5%-a!as !" $-a(ai8* 4 !" #as *0",as

'"*%#%$


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#% /0" 1"-mi'i8 /0" #%s i*'"-1-"'"s %m1a-'i"s"* #%s ("*"i%s !" #a!is'-i(0i8* masi,a.L%s msi%s s" ("*"ia-%* asimism% !" #a 10(#ii!a! a '-a,"s !" #a-a!i% #as $-a(ai%*"s "-a* a0* !" 0*a a#i!a! !"masia!% !"i"*'"2

%m% 1a-a s"- -"'-a*smi'i!a %* )3i'% 1%- #a -a!i%2 !" ma*"-a /0" #as"mis%-as2 1-""-


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!"s10)s -"$-"sa- a -i'm%s mas %*,"*i%*a#"s 4 %* '%-*% !" $-a!%s%*50*'%s "* #%s *a#"s !" #as -as"s2 !a*!% #0$a- a 0* a-%"m%i%*a# sa'isa'%-i%

La era del )a**

L%s msi%s a-%am"-ia*%s !"s"m1"@a-%* a!a ,"6 mas 0* 1a1"#i*?04"*'" "* #a ,i!a m0sia# *%-'"am"-ia*a2 "* #%s a@%s !%s'-a!ii%*"s -"#ai%*a!as "*'-" si !" %-i$"* a-%am"-ia*% $a*a-%*a!"1'%s2 "# (#0"s 4 "# 5a66. L%s a@%s ##"$a-%* a %*%"-s" %m% #a"-a !"# 5a66

El &l!es

E# %-i$"* !"# (0"s "s %s0-%2 1-%"!"*'" !" 0*a %m(i*ai8* !"a*i%*"s -0-a#"s !" '-a(a5% 4 %'-as '-a!ii%*"s %-a#"s

a-%am"-ia*as. Las #"'-as s0"#"* &a(#a- !" !""1i%*"s2 ma#'-a'%s2 4%'-%s 1-%(#"mas /0" 1-%,%a* "# "s'a!% !" a*im%2 #as #"'-as'-a*smi'"* 'am(i)* 0* a'% !" -"("#!


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mas0#i*%s a-%am"-ia*%s2 #%s !"#'a (#0"s "s'a(a* mas "*-ai6a!%s"* #as '-a!ii%*"s %-a#"s2 #% /0" '"*ia %m% %*s"0"*ia 0*a ma4%-?"3i(i#i!a! !" #a %-ma '"3'0a# 4 m0sia# 4 !" #as "#"i%*"sa-m8*ias

El

La "s"*ia !"# 5a66 "* #%s a@%s "-a "# -i'm% si*%1a!% 2 %m(i*a!%%* s%*i!%s ,%a#"s " i*s'-0m"*'a#"s *%,"!%s%s 4 %* 0*!"s"*-"*a!% "s1


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El


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Los medios de com!nicaci#n de masas $ la msica pop!lar

A '-a,)s !" #as *0",as '"*%#%$


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La msica, la pol;(ica $ los p!e&los"

E# 1"-i%!% "*'-" $0"--as !i% #0$a- a *0",%s ,


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La msica &a


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Dimi(ri S3os(a:ovic3

R"i(i8 s0 "!0ai8* 4 !"sa--%##% '%!as s0 a--"-a a-'


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La msia !" %*i"-'% "s'a(a (i"* "s'a(#"i!a "* -asi# !"s!" #as"$0*!a mi'a! !"# si$#% XIX. G-aias a #as "3i'%sas %1"-as !" G%m"624 a ,a-i%s %m1%si'%-"s !" msia /0" !"sa--%##a-%* s0 1-%1i% "s'i#%*ai%*a#is'a2 "# %m1%si'%- (-asi#"@% mas im1%-'a*'" 0" H"i'%- Vi##a

L%(%s2 /0i"* -"0*i8 "#"m"*'%s '-a!ii%*a#"s (-asi#"@%s %* ')*iasm%!"-*is'as

6%ico

D"s!" F "# $%(i"-*% "m1"68 a a1%4a- #%s "s0"-6%s !" ##",a- #asa-'"s a 0* 10(#i% mas am1#i%2 4 !" 1-%m%,"- 0* *0",% *ai%*a#ism%2/0" a1%4as" #as 0#'0-as i*!


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s%#0i8* a# 1-%(#"ma !" %m1"'i- %* "# 1asa!%2 "-a i$*%-a-#% 4%*"*'-a-s" "* -"a- a#$% 0*!am"*'a#m"*'" *0",%

Con(racorrien(es desp!%s de la '!erra

C%* a!a $"*"-ai8* &a* s0-$i!% *0",as '-a!ii%*"s 1%10#a-"s "*-"10"s'a !" #%s am(i%s s%ia#"s2 mi"*'-as /0" #%s &"-"!"-%s !" #a'-a!ii8* #+sia &a* -"a!% "s'i#%s mas &"'"-%$)*"%s !" msia0#'a a 0* -i'm% m+s a"#"-a!%. Es'" 1-%"s% s" a"#"-8 "* #%s Qa@%s 1%s'"-i%-"s a# *a# !" #a s"$0*!a $0"--a m0*!ia#2 1-%10#sa!%1%- "# (%%m "%*8mi% !" #%s "s'a!%s 0*i!%s 4 !" #a ma4%- 1a-'" !""0-%1a %i!"*'a#2 #%s msi%s !"sa--%##a-%* *0",%s "s'i#%s2'"*!"*ias 4 '-a!ii%*"s2 i*#0i!as #as %-mas !" msia 1%10#a-

!i-i$i!as 1-i*i1a#m"*'" a #%s 58,"*"s2 %m% "# -%7 a*! -%## 4 s0s!"-i,a!%s.

La '!erra r;a $ la (radici#n escindida

La "31a*si8* "%*8mia !" #a 1%s'$0"--a s" ##",8 a a(% 1%- #as$"*"-ai%*"s /0" &a(


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La ,i'%-ia s%(-" "# asism%2 "# (%%m "%*8mi% 4 #as *0",as'"*%#%$


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A##a* >-"! s" #" a'-i(04" #a a0@ai8* !"# '"-mi*% R%7 a*! R%## %m%*%m(-" !" 0* "s'i#% /0" 0si%*a(a '-a!ii%*"s *"$-as 4 (#a*as "*msia 1%10#a-2 "# -%7 a*! -%## %m(i*a(a "# -i'm% im1#aa(#" !"# -a*! ( %* "# s0a," %*!% !" #a $0i'a--a %0*'-42 #a i*s'-0m"*'ai8*

%*sis'

L%s m0sia#"s !" -%a!Ba4 ma*'0,i"-%* s0 '-a!ii8* '-as #a s"$0*!a$0"--a m0*!ia#2 "* s0 ma4%- 1a-'" !" ma*"-a a5"*a a #as '"*!"*ias!" #a msia 1%10#a-2 %m% "* "# 1asa!%2 #a ma4%-


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(a*!s !ismi*048 s","-am"*'"2 #%s msi%s %-ma(a* a&%-a $-01%sm+s 1"/0"@%s2 ##ama!%s %m(%s

E# ("(%1 0*!ia s0s -a


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El (radicionalismo (onal

M0&%s %m1%si'%-"s !"# si$#% XX !"sa--%##a-%* "s'i#%s si*

!is'a*ia-s" -a!ia#m"*'" !"# 1asa!%. S0 msia "s'a a m"*0!%a-a'"-i6a!a 1%- #a '%*a#i!a! % 1%- #a *"%'%*a#i!a!. 0sa*!%%m0*ia- %* 0* 10(#i% #% mas ,a-ia!% 1%si(#"2 %-""* a #%s%4"*'"s 0* &i#% /0" 10"!"* s"$0i- m"!ia*'" '"mas i!"*'ia(#"s2%-mas +i#m"*'" a0!i(#"s 4 as0*'%s % '


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Sonidos $ (e(!ras n!evos

U*a '"*!"*ia -"#",a*'" !" #a msia !"# si$#% XX &a si!% #a"31#%-ai8* !" *0",%s -"0-s%s m0sia#"s2 i*#04"*!% s%*i!%s *0",%s4 %*"1i%*"s i*)!i'as !" #a msia2 "* #a 1%s'$0"--a s" i*'"*si%#a (s/0"!a !" *0",%s -"0-s%s.

N!evos ins(r!men(os sonidos $ escalas

E* s0 "s0"-6% 1%- %-""- a#$% *0",% !"*'-% !" #a msia 0#'a2m0&%s %m1%si'%-"s (0sa-%* s%*i!%s *0",%s2 %*s'-04"-%* *0",%si*s'-0m"*'%s % -"%*$0-a-%* #%s '-a!ii%*a#"s2 mi"*'-as a#$0*%s"31#%-a-%* "sa#as /0" %*'"*

1%10#a- s0-i% 0*a s%-1-"*!"*'" '-a*s%-mai8* "* "# 1"-i%!% !"1%s'$0"--a %* #a -"ai8* !" 0* $-a* -"1"-'%-i% !" %(-as s"-ias 1a-a


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i*s'-0m"*'%s !" ,i"*'%. Las (a*!as "-a* "s1"ia#m"*'" im1%-'a*'"s"* #as "s0"#as2 1-+'iam"*'" '%!as #as "s0"#as s01"-i%-"s 40*i,"-si!a!"s '"*ia 0*a2 "* #%s a@%s &a(


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La i!"a !" msia 0#'a ,a#%-a!a 1%- si misma 4 %*s"-,a!a "* 0*-"1"-'%-i% !" #+si%s "m1"68 "* #a '-a!ii8* !" #a msia !"%*i"-'%. Ca!a "s'i#% !" 5a66 a s"$0i!% a'-a4"*!% a i*'"-1-"'"s 4

%4"*'"s2 i*#0s% !"s10)s !" #a a1a-ii8* !"# "s'i#% si$0i"*'"2 !"ma*"-a /0" "# 5a66 !" '%!as #as )1%as "s a"si(#" "*i*'"-1-"'ai%*"s 4 $-a(ai%*"s2 i$0a# /0" #a msia #+sia2 a!a ,"6mas #%s msi%s !" 5a66 s" &a* %-ma!% "* %*s"-,a'%-i%s "s0"#as!" msia 4 0*i,"-si!a!"s !"# mism% m%!% /0" #%s msi%s #+si%s.

Las n!evas (ecnolo';as

D"s!" #%s a@%s #as *0",as '"*%#%$


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E* #%s a@%s "* #%s #0("s !" N0",a Y%-7 s" !"sa--%##% 0* *0",%"s'i#% !" msia !" (ai#"2 %*%i!% %m% Dis%2 !i-i$i!% aa-%am"-ia*%s 2 #a'i*%s 4 &%m%s"30a#"s2 /0" s" %*,i-'i8 mas 'a-!""* 0*a m%!a !" 0-%- i*'"-*ai%*a# #%s asi!0%s !" #%s #0("s

a1-"ia(a* "# %m1as 1"-ma*"*'" !" 0a'-% 1%- 0a'-% 4 "# 0*i%-m"'"m1% !" (ai#" !" #as a*i%*"s !is%2 %'-a '"*!"*ia "* #%s a@%s 0" "# 10*72 0* "s'i#% !0-% /0" 1%*


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La simpli@caci#n radical

O'-%s %m1%si'%-"s %m(i*a-%* 0*a -a!ia# sim1#iai8* !"# ma'"-ia#4 !" #%s 1-%"!imi"*'%s %* 0* -"$-"s% a #a msia !ia'8*ia2 0*a%--i"*'" 10"!" "*%*'-a-s" "* "# mi*ima#ism%2 "3ami*a!%a*'"-i%-m"*'"2 1"-% *% '%!a #a msia !" "s'" 'i1% "*a5a "* #aa'"$%-


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La evocaci#n de las msicas pop!lares

O'-a ,ia /0" #%s %m1%si'%-"s &a* (0sa!% 1a-a %*"'a-!i-"'am"*'" %* #%s %4"*'"s mi"*'-as -"a(a* 0*a 1"-s%*a#i!a!m0sia# 1"0#ia- %*sis'"*'" "* i*%-1%-a- "#"m"*'%s !" #a msia1%10#a-. Es'" "*%/0" "s s"m"5a*'" a# !"# *"%--%ma*iism%2 "# 0a#i*%-1%-a "# i!i%ma mas 1%10#a- a #a '-a!ii8* #+sia 4 a #a msia !"'"-"-a %--i"*'"2 /0" %m(i*a "# 5a66 %* #%s "s'i#%s #+si%s.

La com!nicaci#n direc(a

Las 1i"6as '-a'a!as -"1-"s"*'a* s%#am"*'" 0*as 1%as !" #as m0&as"s'-a'"$ias 0'i#i6a!as 1%- #%s %m1%si'%-"s 1a-a %m0*ia-s" !"ma*"-a !i-"'a %* #%s %4"*'"s "* #%s a@%s F2 #a ma4%-

Date post:	28-Feb-2018
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historia de la musica occidental el siglo xx y despues

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