Historical and contemporary nursing Historical and contemporary nursing practicepractice

Chapter 1

Dr. Wajed Hatamleh

NUR 211

Learning OutcomesLearning Outcomes

1. Discuss historical factors and nursing leaders influencing the development of nursing.

2. Discuss the different types of educational programs for nurses.

3. Discuss the evolution of nursing education and entry into professional nursing practice.

Learning Outcomes (cont'd)Learning Outcomes (cont'd)

4. Describe how the definition of nursing evolved since Florence Nightingale.

5. Identify the four major areas of nursing practice.

7. Identify the purposes of nurse practice acts and standards of professional nursing practice.

8. Describe the role of nurses

Learning Outcomes (cont'd)Learning Outcomes (cont'd)

10. Describe the expanded career roles and their functions.

11. Discuss the criteria of a profession and the professionalization of nursing.

12. Describe factors influencing contemporary nursing practice

History of Nursing VideoHistory of Nursing Video

Click here to view a video on the history of nursing.

Back to Directory

Aspects that have influencing Aspects that have influencing nursing practicenursing practice

• Religious (Christian) values• Women’s roles• War• Societal attitudes• Nursing Leaders• Nursing Education

• Woman's health: the care provided related to physical maintenance and comfort.

• Religion: such as spiritual coaling and devotions to duty and hard work.

• War : have accentuated the need for nursing. • Societal attitude: social attitude about nurse and

nursing have significantly influence professional nursing.

• Nurse leaders: Florence nightingale, Clara Barton, Lillian Wald, laving dock, Margaret singer, and Mary Breckenridge and others.

Definition of nursingDefinition of nursing

• Florence nightingale define nursing that act of Utilizing the environment of the patient to assist him in his recovery.

• Virginia Henderson” the unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well in the performance of those activities contributing to health or it is recovery”.

Types of Nursing EducationTypes of Nursing Education

• Practical or vocational nursing• Registered nursing

– Diploma– Associate degree– Baccalaureate

• Graduate nursing– Masters– Doctoral

Types of Nursing Education (cont'd)Types of Nursing Education (cont'd)

• Continuing education and in-service education

Things to ConsiderThings to Consider

• What is the definition of nursing?• nursing is: caring, art, science, client

centered, holistic, adaptive, a helping profession, or concerned with health promotion, health maintenance

Recipients of NursingRecipients of Nursing

• Consumer• Patient• Client

• Consumer, patient and client.• Consumer: is an individual. A grope of

people or community that use services or commodity.

• Patient: is an a person who is waiting for or under going medical treatment or care.

• A client: is a person who is engage the advice or services of another who is qualified to provide the services.

Scope of Nursing PracticeScope of Nursing Practice

• Nurse provide care for 3 type: individual, family, and community.

Nursing practice involve four area: • Promotion of health and wellness• Prevention of illness• Restoration of health• Care for the dying

promoting health and wellnesspromoting health and wellness

wellness is a state of well being ,nurses promote wellness in a client who are both health and ill e.g.: •improving nutrition and physical fitness•Preventing drug and alcohols misuse •Restricting smoking •Prevent accident and injury in the home

Role and function of the nurseRole and function of the nurse

Roles and Functions of NursesRoles and Functions of Nurses

• Care givers: include those activities that assist the client physically and psychologically while preserving the client dignity.

• Communicator: integrated to all nursing role. In the role of communicator nurse identify nurse identify clients problem and then communicate them verbally or in writing to other member of the health team.

Roles and Functions of Nurses Roles and Functions of Nurses (cont'd)(cont'd)

• Teacher : the nurse help client learn about their health and the health care procedure.

• Client advocate: act to protect the client. • Counselor: counseling is the process of helping

a client to recognize and cope with stressful psychological or social problem and to develop and improve the personal relationship.

• Change agent: make modification on their own behavior.

Roles and Functions of Nurses Roles and Functions of Nurses (cont'd)(cont'd)

• Leader : influence the other to work together to accomplish to specific goal.

• Manager: manages the nursing care oat individual family and community.

• Research consumer: use research to improve cleat care.

Expanded Career RolesExpanded Career Roles

• Nurse practitioner• Clinical nurse specialist• Nurse midwife• Nurse educator• Nurse researcher• Nurse anesthetist

Setting for nursing practiceSetting for nursing practice

• Hospital• client's home• community agenesis • ambulatory activities and others

Things to ConsiderThings to Consider

• Profession: defined as occupation that required extensive education or a calling that required special knowledge, skill and preparation.

• What are the criteria of a profession?

Criteria of a ProfessionCriteria of a Profession

• Prolonged, specialized training• Orientation toward service• Ongoing research• Code of ethics• Autonomy• Professional organization

Factors Influencing Contemporary Factors Influencing Contemporary Nursing PracticeNursing Practice

• Economics• Consumer demands• Family structure• Science and technology• Information, telecommunications, and

telenursing• Legislation• Demography