Historical Nomination - City of San Diegosandiego.cfwebtools.com/images/files/5001 Canterbury...

Ronald V. May, RPA Kiley Wallace Legacy 106, Inc. P.O. Box 15967 San Diego, CA 92175 (619) 269-3924 www.legacy106.com November 2013

HISTORICAL NOMINATION of the

Leslie and Louise Atherton House 5001 Canterbury Drive - Kensington Manor Neighborhood

San Diego, California

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HISTORIC HOUSE RESEARCH Ronald V. May, RPA, President and Principal Investigator

Kiley Wallace, Principal Investigator P.O. Box 15967 • San Diego, CA 92175

Phone (619) 269-3924 • www.legacy106.com

http://www.legacy106.com/

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Page 3 of 31 *Resource Name or #: The Leslie and Louise Atherton House

P1. Other Identifier: 5001 Canterbury Dr., San Diego, CA 92116

*P2. Location: Not for Publication Unrestricted *a. County: San Diego and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.) *b. USGS 7.5' Quad: La Mesa Date: 1997 Maptech, Inc.T ; R ; ¼ of ¼ of Sec ; M.D. B.M.

c. Address: 5001 Canterbury Dr. City: San Diego Zip: 92116 d. UTM: Zone: 11 ; mE/ mN (G.P.S.) e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc.) Legal Description: Lot Fourteen (14) in Block fifteen (15) of Kensington Manor Unit 2 in the City of San Diego,

County of San Diego, State of California, according to map there of No. 1861 filed in the office of the County Recorder of said San Diego County, September 25, 1925. It is Tax Assessor’s Parcel APN # 440-341-01-00. *P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations,

size, setting, and boundaries) This house is an excellent single-story example of the Spanish Eclectic/Spanish

Colonial Revival style which was built by Oscar F. Edwards in 1928. It has a low pitched red tile roof single-family residence with detached garage in the Kensington Manor neighborhood of San Diego. The single family home faces northwest on the inside of Canterbury Dr. as it curves around the front of the home. The home utilizes a balanced front façade with an arched central covered entry porch underneath the principle tile roof. The home features a mostly flat roof at the rear with a shed/half gable roof in front with original irregularly laid mission fired clay tiles facing the front elevation. This roofline mimics a side facing gabled roof with the roof tiles running from above the parapet behind down to the slight overhanging eaves and short wooden decorative rafter tails. (See Continuation Sheet.) *P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) (HP2) Single family property

*P4. Resources Present: Building Structure Object Site District Element of District

P5b. Description of Photo: (View, date, accession #)

View of Northwest (front) Elevation, Photo by Dan Soderberg, October 2013 *P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources:

Historic Prehistoric Both

Notice of Completion, February 8, 1928 County Lot and Block Book) , 1928 Sewer Record dated November 19, 1927 Tax Assessor’s Residential Building Record, 1928 Southwest Builder & Contractor, December 2,1927

*P7. Owner and Address:

Grant and Chloe Hamor 5001 Canterbury Drive San Diego, CA 92116

*P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, and address)

Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace, Legacy 106, Inc., P.O. Box 15967, San Diego, CA 92175 *P9. Date Recorded: November 2013 *P10. Survey Type: (Describe) Intensive *P11. Report Citation: (Cite survey report and other sources, or enter "none.")

Historical Nomination of the Leslie and Louise Atherton House, San Diego, California for the City of San Diego, Historical Resources Board, by Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace, Legacy 106, Inc., November 2013. Legacy 106, Inc. is indebted to Alexandra Wallace and Dan Soderberg for extensive research, and other assistance with the preparation of this report.

*Attachments: NONE Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and

Object Record Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record

Rock Art Record Artifact Record Photograph Record Other (List):

State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ___________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ______________________________________

PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial __________________________________

NRHP Status Code 3S Other Listings ___________________________________________________________ Review Code _____ Reviewer ____________________________ Date __________

DPR 523A *Required Information

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*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: November 2013 Continuation Update

*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) (Continued): (See Attachment D, Photographs)

The subject property at 5001 Canterbury Drive is a Spanish Eclectic style home with a compound rectangular floor plan. The front façade features two balanced window groupings on each side of the recessed arched covered entry. The home features inset rectangular windows with decorative wooden plank style shutters seen on the front façade. The home's irregularly laid clay tile roof has the mortared double layering of tiles indicative of largely original rustic roof tiles. The single family home sits on a triangular corner lot with the house on the southeast and the detached setback double garage setback on the northwest corner of the lot. The house has a low pitched shed/half gable fired tile roof facing the front (northwest) with minimal eave overhang and decorative end rafter tails on the eave ends below the roofline. This roof structure gives the impression of a side gabled home, however, the tile roof top peak covers the parapet and rear flat roof. The home features smooth white stucco wall surfacing throughout which was replaced matching the original stucco surfacing. The home has the characteristic defining architectural features of the Spanish Eclectic or "California Style" home, as local architect Richard Requa referred to it. These include the asymmetrical façade, low pitched red tile roof, eaves with shallow overhangs, stucco surfacing, and arches on principle entryway. The home also exhibits some interesting features of the style including its use of tall rectangular Spanish territorial type windows with original rustic wooden shutters, and elaborated arched door surround. Windows are painted blue with brown painted wood shutters and doors unless otherwise noted. The house has retained excellent architectural integrity. This Spanish Eclectic, also known as the Spanish Colonial revival style, became popular in 1915 with the creation of the California pavilion and other buildings for the Panama California exposition in San Diego. At the exposition, architect Bertram Goodhue built upon earlier mission revival styles and added a more varied and accurate representation of original 16th century Spanish buildings. This romantic, sophisticated style borrowed from a broader rich vocabulary of Moorish, Spanish Baroque, Renaissance and Mediterranean architectural traditions with detailing often based on actual prototypes in Spain. Many important architects of the style traveled to Spain for inspiration. The San Diego exposition, along with Goodhue and other designers, publicized and promoted the style's popularity and it became a craze in California in around 1925. Front (Northwest) Elevation – A simple stucco chimney tops the irregular clay tile roof on the right side. This false side gabled/shed roof has fired Mission half barrel tiles in a rustic hand laid pattern with short wooden rafter tails below the eave end. The hand laid clay tile roof has the mortared double layering of tiles indicative of largely original Spanish clay roof tiles. The front façade has a central inset arched covered entry porch with a recessed side entry doorway. The original rectangular solid wood painted entry door has a central arched glazed wicket opening and wood grille. The inside of this door reveals its exquisitely grained gumwood material which matches the original window and door surrounds on the home. From left to right: to the left, two tall matching rectangular inset window openings contain three pane wooden casement windows with each separate window flanked by single wooden plank style shutters These decorative shutters match the other original shutters seen on the home with two corner notched vertical wooden boards connected with two horizontal connecting rails. To the right of these two windows sits the inset central covered entryway. This entryway is covered by the principle roof of the home and the arched opening has a simple arched decorative flat coping surround. The entry porch has a scored concrete floor and stairs matching the entryway floor. The entry to the covered front porch is up three rounded concrete stairs with a spiraling wrought iron railing which sit below this archway and recessed entry porch. The side facing blue painted solid gum wood entry door has a central arched glazed wicket opening with a three bar wooden grille. A hanging light fixture is seen hanging above the porch.

State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#

CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

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*P3a. Description(continued):

To the right is pushed out section which is also under the principle roofline which contains a three section window containing three rectangular three pane divided light rectangular wooden windows separated with two vertical lathe turned wooden mullion separations. This three section window grouping is flanked on each side by decorative shutters. This roofline matches the others with little overhang and very short exposed wooden rafter tails. Side (Southwest) Elevation. On top, the angled simple stucco rectangular chimney is seen topping this gable wall with a slight lower bump out seen on the both sides. This exposed exterior end chimney with arching chimney sides is visible rising above the side gabled fired red clay Mission half barrel tile roof with very little overhang, matching those seen on the rest of the home. The designer artfully executed both the side façades to display a convincing side gable design with slightly overhanging eaves topped with clay tiles, however although not visible from the ground, in reality the roof transitions to a flat roof less than three feet behind the apex of the roofline. This false side gabled clay tile design allowed for a more elaborate and varied roofline facing the front while utilizing a more simple and inexpensive flat roof at the rear. This contrasts with many false gable/ flat roof Spanish Eclectic designs, where the rear false gable section is merely applied as decoration onto the side facing flat roof parapet section. Another unique feature for a house in the Spanish Eclectic style are the two extending wood purlin beams seen just under the roof eaves. This decorative detail is seen on both side gable ends and appear very original with notched clay tiles applied above. This may have been a rustic flair used by the architect/designer to better connect with the many short decorative rafter tail elaborations seen along the front elevation and adjacent bay window roof. Single round clay tile attic vents are seen topping the gable end on each side of the chimney. Single tall rectangular inset windows are seen on each side of the chimney. These three pane divided light wooden windows match the others seen on the front elevation but without the decorative shutters probably due to the insufficient width for windows and shutters. The roof then transitions from a half gable / shed roof to a flat roof with flush stucco parapet. This side gable wall section with the extending roof eaves gives the illusion of being a separate mass from the flat roofed rear portion, however the wall is only slightly offset from the flat roof rear section. A three sided polygonal bay window extends out at the rear (southeast) of the side elevation. This canted bay window near the rear continues down to the ground with three sides covered by a secondary hipped matching clay tile roof with wooden decorative rafter tails. This rear side bay window has a newer replacement central rectangular double hung window in the original opening with wooden sill which is flanked by tall rectangular fixed replacement windows in the original openings. An integrated metal downspout is seen near the rear corner just below the flat roof parapet. Rear (Southeast) Elevation – This elevation continues the flat roof with parapet matching the other rear of the side elevations. A newer wooden pergola extends out above the window on this elevation. This portion of the house faces closely the neighboring property to the east with a small narrow tiled patio area. An original wooden divided light French door in a nine light configuration provides access from the house to the rear patio which is at a level three steps below. Fenestration consists of three matching sized one over one rectangular replacement vinyl windows and a double rectangular casement window set, all of which are in the original rectangular window openings with original wooden window sills. This area is mostly outside of the public view. To the left is a small bump out portion which protrudes out at the rear to within three feet of the property line with the same flat roof and parapet and triple round clay tile attic vent seen at the rear of the house this portion has two matching sized newer rectangular one over one windows in the original openings with a rectangular crawl space vent seen at the bottom near the foundation line. A vertical metal downspout is seen near the rear eastern edge. This area is entirely outside of the public view.



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*P3a. Description (continued):

Side (Northeast) Elevation –This side elevation continues the fired red clay Mission half barrel gable/shed roof to the front which transitions to a flat roof with parapet at the rear. As with the rest of the house, the roof has a slight overhang with short angle cut short rafter tails. The smooth Santa Barbara style stucco matches the rest of the home. This side elevation also displays a convincing side gable design with slightly overhanging eaves topped with clay tiles as it transitions to a flat roof with parapet to the rear. Two extending decorative wood perlin beams is seen just under the roof eaves. This decorative detail is seen on both side gable ends and although unusual appear original with notched clay tiles applied above. An angled triple round clay tile attic vent is seen between the perlin beams at the gable end. Underneath the false gable sits an inset rectangular double casement window set split with a lathe turned vertical divider which separates the two original three pane divided light windows. This window grouping is flanked by decorative rustic notched end wooden shutters matching the others seen on the front and front sides of the home. To the left is a newer one over one double hung window in the original opening with the original wooden sill and original lower wooden access door below presumable for milk or other delivery from the driveway. To the left (rear), below the flat roof and parapet, an angled triple round clay vent is seen below the roofline. Next sits another matching one over one double hung replacement window in the original opening and to the left near the side fence, a small opaque glazed window allows ventilation into the bathroom and is also in the original opening with original wooden sill. Finally, one last one over one replacement double hung window in the original opening is seen at the rear before the end corner where the utility box is attached to the home. Interior Architectural Features – (Fireplace included in designation) The subject home has been partly remodeled inside, however, multiple items are still extant such as the excellent Batchelder tile fireplace (see attachment D.2 ). The fireplace features a simple coved plaster buildout (chase) with lancet tiled firebox opening. The flush hearth floor contains numerous opaque art tiles including three decorative floral design tiles. Maker Ernest A. Batchelder was a southern California artist and tile maker who became one of the most important tile producers of the 1920's and 30's. Also included for reference are original built in cabinets, wood floors, interior doors , gumwood window and door surrounds which are intact and original (see attachment D.2 ). Also of note is the open living room with curved barrel ceiling with alcoved chimney. Original interior paneled doors, lighting fixtures, door and window hardware are also visible throughout the home's interior. Fireplace cleanout door - Klicka Lbr - (Klicka Lumber Co.) The outside chimney cleanout door on the subject resource bares the inscription "KLICKA LBR CO", referring to the Klicka Lumber Company of San Diego (please see attachment D.2 ). The company, owned by brothers Emil and George Klicka, was located at 30th Street and University. They also built the North Park Theater and several bungalows in San Diego's midcity section. A San Diego Union article from June 17, 1928 describes Emil as "one of the foremost developers of North Park." The Klickas were also active in San Diego's business community. It is likely that much of the lumber for this house came from the Klicka Lumber Co. Further designation research may reveal further connections between builder Oscar F. Edwards and the Klicka Lumber Co. Klicka Family in San Diego - Originally from Chicago, Emil and George Klicka came to San Diego around 1921. They were active in the San Diego business community during the first half of the 20th century. Emil Klicka, and his brother George were founders and executives of the Klicka Lumber Company at 30th St. and University. The lumber company was responsible for the construction of many bungalows throughout the midcity area. Emil Klicka, who had been a successful banker in Chicago before moving to San Diego in 1921, was Vice President of the San Diego Bank of America in the late 1920s. Emil and his wife Jessie lived at 3506 28th Street until moving to 3404 Pershing Ave. in the mid-1940s.



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*P3a. Description (continued):

According to the 2007 North Park Dryden Historical District Nomination, in 1928, Emil invested $150,000 of his own money in the construction of the North Park Theatre & Klicka Building at 29th and University. In 1930, Emil was one of the appointed freeholders who drafted the new City Charter for San Diego. Later, he was a member of the San Diego Harbor Commission but resigned in 1948. While with the Harbor Commission, Emil successfully persuaded Reuben H. Fleet to move his Consolidated Aircraft from Buffalo, New York, to San Diego (ibid). In 1935, Emil served as treasurer for the Pan-American Exposition in Balboa Park, and also headed the Balboa Radio Corp. and Klicka Investment Company (San Diego Union, September 5, 1958). George and Wilhelmina Klicka lived at 3543 Pershing Avenue, a house built by David Owen Dryden home built in 1917. In the 1930s, George Klicka invented an affordable ready cut kit house that could be purchased as a kit or package and assembled on a site (ibid). The model was introduced at the 1935 Pan-American Exposition in Balboa Park. After being endorsed by the Federal Housing Administration, hundreds of the kit houses were sold throughout San Diego between 1935 and 1942 (ibid). Landscaping / Yard Setting –The front yard landscaping matches the original style likely used on the home with grass in the front with palms and other landscaping. An original type Kensington light pole is seen next to the sidewalk to the west in front of the home. The front yard has an array of small palms, stones and other landscaping placed close to the house and grass placed in front. The curving scored concrete was added at some point. The original curving scored walkway and porch steps connect the sidewalk to the front entryway. Based on site examinations, the painted scored concrete walkway appears very original with some small cracks and repairs. This curving walkway connects the sidewalk to the front patio gate door. The majority of the rear and side yard of the home appears to have been replaced and covered with newer style patio tiles and newer freestanding side pergola. Garage - The detached rear garage with front extension and pergola is visible to the rear of the lot on the left side of the front elevation. Although not seen in building records, the detached double garage was elongated to the front adding approximately three feet. This was likely done to allow for the larger, longer cars that were being built in the 1950s, 60's and 70's. The garage opening is covered with a shed roof and extending pergola. The garage doors have also been replaced with a modern replacement double width garage door. Original garage windows which have been filled in and the framed openings are visible on the inside of the garage. This detached garage is recommended to be excluded from historic designation due to these changes from the original flat roof double bay design and construction.



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Page 8 of 32 *Resource Name or #: The Leslie and Louise Atherton House *Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: November 2013 Continuation Update

B1. Historic Name: 5033 Canterbury Dr. and 5001 Canterbury Dr. B2. Common Name: 5001 Canterbury Dr. B3. Original Use: Single Family Property B4. Present Use: Single Family Property *B5. Architectural Style: Spanish Eclectic *B6. Construction History: (Construction date, alterations, and date of alterations)

The Notice of Completion shows the home was built for Leslie G. Atherton by Oscar F. Edwards and is dated February 8, 1928. The sewer record for the home was signed by L. Atherton and dated November 19, 1927. No water record was found. The home is noted in Southwest Builder & Contractor on December 2, 1927. The residential building record and County Lot and Block book confirms the home was completed in 1928. The City of San Diego has the following building permits on record: Permit A30683 from June 20th 1966, is for a side yard fence which was for a planned pool which was likely never built. Permit E005486-89 is for a new electrical circuit and receptacle for a washer dryer. Although not seen on building records and permits, vinyl windows were installed in the original openings by a previous owner circa 2000. The current homeowners have replaced all inappropriate vinyl windows on the front and front side windows with wooden true divided light single pane casement windows (in-kind) matching the extant original windows and photos of the original windows. Please see Site Plan Diagram showing the location, materials and originality of all windows and doors. Also, a small attached wooden pergola with brackets been added that extends out from the wall on the rear (northeast) elevation. This pergola extension at the rear of the house outside of the public view and is easily reversible. Additionally, site investigation reveals the northeast detached garage with flat roof has been extended in front about three feet with a tile shed roof extension and extending pergola. The altered front detached garage is therefore recommended excluded from the designation.

*B7. Moved? No Yes Unknown Date: Original Location: *B8. Related Features:

B9a. Architect: Unknown b. Builder: Oscar F. Edwards *B10. Significance: Theme: Residential Architecture Area: Kensington Manor Unit No. 2 (San Diego) Period of Significance: 1928 Property Type: Single-Family Property Applicable Criteria: C

(Discuss importance in terms of historical or architectural context as defined by theme, period, and geographic scope. Also address integrity) . The Leslie and Louise Atherton House at 5001 Canterbury Drive is significant under Criterion “C” as an excellent notable example of Spanish Eclectic style architecture.

B11. Additional Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) none *B12. References: (See Continuation Sheet)

B13. Remarks: none *B14. Evaluator: Ronald V. May, RPA, Kiley Wallace

*Date of Evaluation: November 2013

(This space reserved for official comments.)


BUILDING, STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD

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Page 9 of 32 *Resource Name or #: The Leslie and Louise Atherton House *Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: November 2013 Continuation Update *B10. Significance (continued):

Criterion A: Exemplifies or reflects special elements of the City’s, a community’s or a neighborhood’s historical, archaeological, cultural, social, economic, political, aesthetic, engineering, landscaping or architectural development. The Leslie and Louise Atherton House at 5001 Canterbury Dr. was found not to rise to the level of exemplifying special elements of the community's historical, archaeological, cultural, social, economic, political, aesthetic, engineering, landscaping or architectural development. Although the house reflects and contributes to our understanding of Kensington as a hub for Spanish Eclectic design in the late 1920's, the home was not the first of this type in the area or a model home. The home was not the earliest home in the Kensington Manor subdivision development. No information came to light to determine that the resource rose to a level of significance to qualify for designation under Criterion A. The following discussion provides the background for that conclusion.

Introduction. Although the Kensington and Talmadge communities now have a number of individual homes that have been designated as historic for their significance, there remains much to be learned about how these neighborhoods developed, the reasons for the architectural styles that were built, and the lives of the people who lived and worked there. Criterion A evaluations are often complicated because they require the presentation of broad contexts and associations to establish the significance of the special elements of importance. The single most important mechanism to bring new information forward to better understand these communities is the intensive research associated with individual houses nominations. Legacy 106, Inc. and other researchers and homeowners have written additional nominations that now form an important body of primary research about the area.1 Kensington Community History. A fact that is often overlooked today in the pairing of the “Kensington / Talmadge” neighborhoods is the reality that Kensington is really the product of 13 different subdivision maps filed between April 1910 and March 1976. The Talmadge neighborhoods developed separately from nearby Kensington, with a total of 11 subdivision maps filed between December 1925 and August 1944. The majority of these maps were filed by owners, investors, and promoters unrelated to the others, and with varying degrees of experience in subdivision development. In the case of Kensington Heights, with its three Units, owner George Forbes hired the experienced Los Angeles development firm the Davis-Baker Company: The development of Kensington Heights has been carried out under the personal direction of Harrison R. Baker, Chairman of the Subdividers and Homebuilders Division of the California Real Estate Association and a member of the Subdividers Division of the National Association. The project was not an experiment but involved the application of policies previously employed successfully in extensive developments in the city of Pasadena. The firm is a co-partnership composed of Richard D. Davis and Harrison R. Baker, each of whom has served as president of the Pasadena Realty Board. In Pasadena the firm has developed some twenty subdivisions, and possesses the enviable record of over nine hundred homes on them.

1 Researchers Kathleen Flanigan, Parker Jackson, Beth Montes and Christianne Knoop, Priscilla Berge, Kathleen

Crawford, Ruth Alter, Linda Canada, Jaye Furlonger, Scott Moomjian, Esq., Vonn Marie May, and Ione Stiegler, name only few who have studied the Kensington and/or Talmadge areas. In addition, see Anne D. Bullard, “1926, The Formative Year of Kensington Heights,” The Journal of San Diego History, Spring 1995, Volume 41, Number 2; Mary M. Taschner, "Richard Requa: Southern California Architect, 1881-1941, a Master's thesis for the University of San Diego; Larry R. Ford, Metropolitan San Diego: How Geography and Lifestyle Shape a New Urban Environment Metropolitan Portraits), 2004; and Architects Ione Stiegler, AIA with M. Wayne Donaldson, AIA in the Historical Greater Mid-City San Diego Preservation Strategy, 1996 and January 8, 1997.



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Page 10 of 32 *Resource Name or #: The Leslie and Louise Atherton House *Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: November 2013 Continuation Update *B10. Significance (Criterion A continued):

More than 60 per cent of the lots have homes on them, while one family in every thirty in Pasadena lives on a lot developed by the Davis-Baker Company.2

Probably the most familiar source of information about the history of the Kensington and Talmadge communities is a book written by Kensington resident and dentist Dr. Thomas H. Baumann, D.D.S. Baumann published Kensington-Talmadge 1910-1985, to mark the 75

th anniversary of the community,

although in actuality the date commemorated the filing of the first subdivision map on the mesa, Kensington Park. The “Kensington Book” is a favorite of residents in both the Talmadge and Kensington communities, and has been reprinted by his daughter, Darlene Baumann Love.3 Baumann lists each of these subdivisions on page 32 for Kensington and 71 for Talmadge, in the 2

nd edition. The distinctions

between these tracts have blurred over time, and today planners group the thirteen Kensington subdivisions into “Kensington” and eleven Talmadge tracts into “Talmadge” as part of the Mid Cities Community Plan. The filing of individual maps is important to the history of the house, because Kensington Heights, which developed in three “Units,” is unrelated in development history to nearby Kensington Manor with its two Units, Kensington Point, or the first tract in the area, Kensington Park, located south of Kensington Heights Unit 1. An observer might look at the Kensington and Talmadge neighborhoods and assume these areas all developed together, as today they appear to be two connected communities. These independent origins help explain why there are differing architectural styles of houses, such as Craftsman bungalows, nearer to Adams Avenue, and none north of Lymer Drive, in this predominantly “Spanish” themed community. It also explains why the houses in Kensington Heights tend to be more elaborate than the houses further south, and why Kensington Heights Unit 3 has more lots in-filled with post Depression era style homes than the research associated with individual houses nominations. Legacy 106, Inc. and other researchers and homeowners have written additional nominations that now form an important body of primary research about the area.4 Manor tracts of Kensington Heights Unit 1. Once all the lots were sold and developed and the deed restrictions expired, the differences between the tract boundaries blurred. Rancho Ex Mission Lots. All of the Kensington and Talmadge acreage originates from former land known as “Rancho Ex Mission Lots,” which have a layer of ownership, leases, and uses invisible today to the present owners, as these transactions which preceded the filing of the subdivision maps never appear on chain-of-title documents. Much of this land came onto the real estate market through the heirs to the Rancho Ex Mission Lots and into hands such as banker George Burnham, Vice President of the Southern

2 “How Subdivision Sales Were Created by an Intensive Home Building Program,” National Real Estate Journal,

May 27, 1929, page 26. 3 After Baumann’s death, the Kensington-Talmadge Community Association updated the first edition and reprinted it

as a second edition in 1997, and named it Kensington-Talmadge 1910-1997. In 2010, Love printed a Centennial Edition of her father’s book, which updated and added new information to the community’s history. 4 Researchers Kathleen Flanigan, Parker Jackson, Beth Montes and Christianne Knoop, Priscilla Berge, Kathleen

Crawford, Ruth Alter, Linda Canada, Jaye Furlonger, Scott Moomjian, Esq., Vonn Marie May, and Ione Stiegler, name only few who have studied the Kensington and/or Talmadge areas. In addition, see Anne D. Bullard, “1926, The Formative Year of Kensington Heights,” The Journal of San Diego History, Spring 1995, Volume 41, Number 2; Mary M. Taschner, "Richard Requa: Southern California Architect, 1881-1941, a Master's thesis for the University of San Diego; Larry R. Ford, Metropolitan San Diego: How Geography and Lifestyle Shape a New Urban Environment Metropolitan Portraits), 2004; and Architects Ione Stiegler, AIA with M. Wayne Donaldson, AIA in the Historical Greater Mid-City San Diego Preservation Strategy, 1996 and January 8, 1997.



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Trust and Commerce Bank. “The Map of the First Unit Kensington Heights” states under “A Better Improvement Plan”:

Of the 240 acres which comprises Kensington Heights, 100 acres on the mesa will be developed at the present time into restricted residential property. For many, many years this tract has been held intact by its former owners – the Mason family. It has changed hands but once in forty years.5

The development of the Kensington Mesa in the second decade of the nineteenth century fits into the greater pattern of housing development nationwide, as America got back onto its feet following the devastating worldwide effects of World War I. By 1921-1924, many of the veterans had returned to America and there was both a nationwide shortage of available homes and a slowly reviving economy that brought building materials and new home construction back on track. From this, arose the “Better Homes Movement,” and what followed would be a decade of new construction that transformed communities across America, and in particular, Southern California, as large tracts of land became available and desirable for development. The Kensington Park tract, south of Kensington Heights, fits into this early period of San Diego’s development.

1920s and 1930s, Two Distinct Decades of Development. The erection of this house just prior to the Great Depression seems relevant as a special element, The houses built prior to the period of the Great Depression stand out from the ones built after 1930, because of the economic stresses that were not present in the 1925-1929 boom period. Few builders in this depression period had the financial means to build, with a few distinct exceptions. The few builders who were able to remain viable during this period had to adapt to the economic restrictions of the time, and provided badly needed jobs and purchasing of materials from local suppliers when very little business was going on. During the depression thousands of buyers defaulted, builders went out of business, lenders assumed title to lots and houses, and the Davis-Baker Company, like all businesses, experienced a stressed market. Several houses in Kensington remained vacant and the lenders rented to Navy and Army personnel, who had a dependable income. These homes also stand out from the houses built after 1935, when home buyer’s style preferences were changing as people started to find the economy rising out of the Great Depression, and new federal policies encouraged economizing, smaller homes, modernization, and materials efficiencies in ways that had a dramatic effect on house styles for the next generation of home buyers. The strategy of building high end “Artistic Homes” appealed to affluent buyers who had the means to acquire luxury properties, and this was a prestigious location when the proximity to the neighboring houses was taken into consideration. It is possible that the Davis-Baker Company recruited. Rather than design and build all the Kensington Heights lots, the company recruited “a number of reliable builders….to work with us in building these homes”6 Davis-Baker Company arranged loans, reviewed the plans, and marketed the finished products. Davis-Baker built their own “specimen homes” in which as many as 4,000 people, they claim, went through in one day:

5 Readers interested in this early history are directed to Historical Nomination of the Commander Wilbur V. and

Martha E. Shown / and Louise Severin House, 4394 North Talmadge Drive and Historical Nomination of the Frank B. and Vinnie A. Thompson House, 5191 Hastings Road, Kensington Heights Unit 2, “George T. Forbes Spec House No. 1,” Historical Landmark Number 755, by Legacy 106, Inc. In particular, additional research into the Mason family

(Evalyn and John Mason) of Mission Valley, who owned Rancho Ex Mission Lot 47, and Willard W. Whitney, who owned Lot 23, would be an interesting line of inquiry into this early history, before the present subdivisions were formed. 6 Ibid



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The Davis-Baker Company building program created 152 houses in Kensington Heights by 1929, two thirds of which were occupied. Half the lots were sold. In that year, this constituted 10% of all the houses built in San Diego. These house designs received careful review by the firm of Requa and Jackson:

The committee consisted of a representative of the owners, a representative of the selling agents, and the supervising architect. Fortunately, at the head of the committee was placed Richard S. Requa, authority on Mediterranean architecture, who used his talents to perfect what he prefers to term “California Architecture.”…Mr. Requa using the pure Spanish architecture of the mission (Mission San Diego de Alcalá) as the keynote, has brought the district into harmony with the Spanish tradition and the historic significance of the spot--- for it was here that California began. All architecture in the property has been restricted to the California type, namely, Spanish and Mediterranean adapted to California. Every plan submitted has been carefully scrutinized by the committee and many of them worked over by Mr. Requa’s office before final approval.7

By August of 1931, the Davis-Baker Company announced that already this year fifteen houses had been completed, or nearly completed, for an overall value of $150,000. Kensington Manor. Probably the most frequently relied upon source of information about the Kensington and Talmadge communities today is a book by Dr. Thomas H. Baumann, D.D.S. Kensington - Talmadge 1910-1997. The most available version is the second edition, an updated version of the limited 500 copies Baumann originally published. The second edition was prepared by Claire Condra Arias for the Kensington-Talmadge Community Association through their Ellipsys International Publications, Inc. company and published in 1997. Much of the material Baumann compiled was based on research by Robert Sedlock in 1958 for a college paper, which Baumann then assembled into his book and did not properly attribute to Sedlock. While Baumann's resources are good starting points to understand the Kensington and Talmadge communities, his information was not always correct, and there remains a great deal more to be learned based upon research into primary documents about the community and its residents. Each house under consideration for landmarking adds new information towards a better understanding of the community and San Diego's history. Today, probably the biggest misconception about Kensington I Talmadge is that they are in essence one large community that developed about the same time. The entire community is, intact, the product of nearly 21 separate subdivisions, thirteen in Kensington and eleven in Talmadge. The subdivisions of Kensington Park, Kensington Manor, Kensington Heights, and Kensington Point, were separate investors and developers whose real estate and financial backers were not related. The Talmadge units were separate from the Kensington units, although in general much of the area built out their initial phases in the 1920s. The owners of the subdivision were the Kensington Park Land Company, which was led by G. Aubrey Davidson, who in 1926 was the president of the Southern Trust and Commerce Bank. He hired the Southlands Corporation, formerly known as the Ellis Bishop Company of Pasadena, to develop the subdivision. In 1926, the president of Southlands Corporation was Jack C. Thompson and Ellis Bishop was vice-president and treasurer. Thompson was also a director of the Southern Trust and Commerce Bank, where his title was Assistant to the President - G. Aubrey Davidson. Davidson had been instrumental in the success of San Diego's 1915-16 Panama-California Exposition, as well as many other

7 “How Subdivision Sales Were Created by an Intensive Home Building Program,” National Real Estate Journal,

May 27, 1929, pages 27-28.



13


important San Diego endeavors. He had been interested in the Kensington Mesa area through his earlier involvement in the Kensington Park subdivision to the south. This close connection between the Southern Trust and Commerce Bank and the Southlands Corporation is made further interesting in their ownership of Kensington Park and Kensington Manor, in that one of the bank's vice presidents was George Burnham. In this period, Burnham had become the executor of the W. W. Whitney estate. This included holdings within Ex-Mission Rancho lands that encompassed a large portion of the Kensington/Talmadge mesa. It should be noted that Ex-Mission Rancho lands extended

many times greater than Kensington/Talmadge. Part of Burnham's responsibilities were to liquidate the holdings to the benefit of the estate, and these lands became available to Davidson and others through Burnham's involvement. A common thread between them all, were the banking interests in San Diego, who became aware of the Ex-Mission Rancho lands were soon to become available. Other reports by Legacy 106, Inc. for houses in the Kensington/Talmadge communities go into this history in more detail. These relationships and affiliations tell a portion of the early history of the area's development, prior to the creation of the subdivisions, as well as the evolution of San Diego's eastward expansion into incorporated areas. Kensington Manor Unit 2 was a resubdivision of a portion of Tract K of Ex-Mission Rancho Lot 26, which also involved the very eastern edge of the Normal Heights subdivision Map 985, filed May 9, 1906. George T. Forbes and the Davis-Baker Company; The Early Development of Kensington Heights, and Intensive Home Building Program. Santa Monica, California resident George Thomas Forbes, a native of Kansas and real estate broker and developer, was alerted to the availability of a large tract of acreage in San Diego, which he purchased in 1922.8 Forbes partnered with the Davis-Baker Company of Pasadena and architect Richard Requa to develop the new, architecturally-supervised community into an exclusive, residential tract of modern and beautiful homes that would become a high-class residential park.9 With its proximity to the new State College and Herbert Hoover high school, as well as other nearby

schools, Forbes found the location, and Mission Valley rim vs. mountain views, ideal for an “investment-quality” tract that buyers would find rivaled exclusive communities such as Beverly Hills and the Oak Knoll section of Pasadena.10

The attractive signs used by the firm, the pictorial outlay of streets, the fine character of the improvements installed and the restrictive efforts of the concern to uphold the high nature of their residential projects, all contribute to ranking New Windsor Square among the firm’s finest developments. The reputation of the company for subdivisions is high; reports from the firm state that $3,600,000 worth of houses exist on Davis-Baker tracts.11

By January 3, 1926, the San Diego Union’s Sunday Development Section featured large advertisements announcing “Kensington Heights – Opening Soon . . . Development plans will soon transform Kensington Heights into one of San Diego’s most charming residential districts . . . Further announcements will be

8 According to his obituary in the San Diego Union on July 29, 1974, Forbes “was the owner of George Forbes

Real Estate and served one term as president of the San Diego Board of Realtors. He was among the developers of Kensington Heights and a partner in the promotion of the Allied Gardens, Del Cerro and San Carlos subdivisions.” Forbes discussed some of this early history in an oral history he gave to the San Diego Historical Society in 1973, although by that time his recollection of this early period was fading. 9 See Baumann, pages 16-24; San Diego Union, June 13, 1926, “Lovely Valley Vistas, Mountain View Add to Charms

of Kensington Heights: Opening of Second Unit of Tract Meets With Fine Response From People.” 10

“Plane Builder Buys Dwelling: George H. Prudden Reported to Have Paid More Than $20,000 for Prize House,”

San Diego Union, February 13, 1927. 11

Allen Headrick: Star-News, April 7, 1928, “Property Being Developed on East Mountain Street Seen Logical

Development in Built-Up District; Davis-Baker Company Handling Tract.”



14


made as the plans develop.” The forthcoming announcements complemented the natural assets of valley and mountain views with soon-to-be-installed improvements of in-place utilities, gently curving streets pre- paved and curbed, elegant “Electrolier” ornamental lights spaced throughout the tract, and generous lot sizes with accompanying restrictions for setbacks, residential uses, and minimum building costs per structure that exceeded much of the rest of San Diego.12 Future homebuyers were guaranteed a ready-to-move-in community, absent the annoyance of unpaved roads and off-into-the-future infrastructure. Announcements declared “Torn-up streets will never bother you because sewers, water, light and gas are in, with connections now being arranged for every lot. Ornamental street lights provide a rare individuality.” Davis-Baker Company also installed new shrubbery and thousands of trees in the parkways, including three varieties of eucalyptus and palms, two forms of acacia, Lombardy poplars, and oleanders.13 Initial advertisements in 1927 showed new homes selling for $7,900, $9,000, $16,500, and over $20,000 paid by George Prudden, owner of Prudden Metal Airplane Company, for the Richard Requa model home on Middlesex and Marlborough Drives.14

On February 2, 1926, the San Diego County Supervisors voted to create a Resolution of Intention to improve Kensington Heights, which created an assessment improvement district. The cost of the improvements were paid by the sale of bonds, which were a lien on all of the property in the district. The bonds ran for fifteen years and the tract promoters promised no principal payments would be due in the first five years, with only interest due, and the principal retired afterwards in ten annual installments. The San Diego Union announced on March 7, 1926, “Improvement of Kensington Heights Tract to Be Started in Fortnight: Supervisors Expect to Name Contractor for Development Work Next Week.” The article named “Rick” Davis of the Davis-Baker Company in charge of development, Paul R. Watson as the engineer in charge of the improvement district work, and Donald E. Forker as the “publicist who styled Kensington Heights the world’s best home location.” The improvements for the tract were being installed through an improvement bond approved by the City of San Diego, and bids for the contract for the work were being accepted. Contractor and developer David H. Ryan received the road paving and grading contract for Unit 1 and O.U. Miracle won the contract for the improvements in Units 2 and 3.15 The Spanish Colonial Theme of Kensington Heights Custom homes in Kensington Park were an eclectic mix of Craftsman bungalow, Mission Revival, Spanish Eclectic, and Pueblo styles that many prospective homebuyers found unsettling (Robert Sedlock 1958:2-4). The Kensington Land Company responded to make their real estate more luxurious by creating deed restrictions and a Supervisory Architectural Board to enforce Spanish style as the only acceptable architecture. At that same time, Requa had a column in the San Diego Union at the time where he promoted Spanish and Mexican style homes built with the new materials of the day. The Kensington Land Company retained Requa to chair the board in August of 1925.

12

San Diego Union, October 3, 1926, “Kensington Heights Builders Boast ‘Finest’ Electroliers in Southland”;

and San Diego Historical Society Photograph No. 6732-5, Kensington, 1927. 13

San Diego Union advertisement, January 9, 1927; San Diego Union, February 5, 1928, “$310,500 Is Spent For

Home Construction In Rapidly-Growing East-End Subdivision.” 14

See San Diego Union, June 26, 1927, “New Beautiful Homes Being Completed in Kensington Heights.” 15

In 1926, Ryan had teamed with builder Arthur A. Kunze in the development of a number of homes on Witherby

Street in Mission Hills. See “Historical Nomination of the David H. Ryan Spec House Number 1 / Arthur A. Kunze Builder, 4330 Witherby Street, Mission Hills, San Diego, California, by Legacy 106, Inc., 2008; See also San Diego Union, December 5, 1926, “$94,000 Contract Is Awarded for East Development of Third Unit of New Kensington

Heights Tract.”



15

Page 15 of 32 *Resource Name or #: The Leslie and Louise Atherton House *Recorded by: Ronald V. May RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: November 2013 Continuation Update *B10. Significance (Criterion A continued):

Nine months later on May 24, 1926, George Forbes, Sr. of the Kensington Heights Company induced Requa to extend Supervisory Review Board oversight of house designs in Unit 2. Four months later on September 28, 1926, Forbes added Unit 3 to the review. This later subdivision included twenty-four exclusive rim lots with underground utilities (Sedlock 1958:4). Forbes set the prices for those lots at $1200 to $1500 and completed homes with those lots sold as high as $19,000 (Forbes 1973). When times got tough during the Great Depression, Forbes used his own money to hire Requa to design the homes (AD 1007-063, San Diego Historical Society Research Archives). Architectural Review, and Deed Restrictions for Setting and Design Unique to the Kensington Heights Community. The architectural restrictions set up by Davis-Baker limited the property to residential purposes only with customary out-buildings including a private garage, all to be fairly worth not less than $5,000.00. No temporary dwellings, outside lavatories, advertising signs, or outbuildings for residential purposes were permitted, only one single, first-class private residence.

That before the commencement of construction upon any building or buildings which may be erected upon said property, or upon any portion hereof, within Five (5) years from the date thereof, there shall be furnished to, and approved by the Seller, or the Seller’s duly authorized Agent, complete plans — and specifications for such buildings, and such plans and specifications shall include the location, direction and facing of each such building or buildings upon said property, and no building shall be erected on said premises without such approval in writing of the Seller, or the Seller’s duly authorized Agent, first had and obtained.

That plans for all structures to be erected on said lots, shall be submitted to the Seller, or the Seller’s duly authorized Agent, and approved in writing before construction is started, and that no building or structure unless such building shall conform with the general shall be erected, constructed altered or maintained on said property unless such building shall conform with the general design and color scheme for the exteriors of all such (buildings to be erected on said lots, and architectural plan prepared by the Seller for the exteriors of all such buildings to be erected on said lots, or shall conform with such modifications thereof as many be authorized or approved by the Seller or the Seller’s duly authorized Agent.

The photographic record for Kensington Heights as it developed between 1926-1929, is represented by a number of publicity pictures taken by the Davis-Baker Company, as well as pictures in the local media, such as the San Diego Union newspaper. Photographs on file at the San Diego History Center's Research Archives in Balboa Park provide a visual record of the early development of the tract. Several photographs show road crews installing the pavement and sidewalks in Kensington Heights. By May 2, 1926, the Sunday San Diego Union reported that construction had begun on the first dwelling in the new Kensington Heights tract. The article, “First Dwelling in Kensington Heights Under Way As Subdivision Improvements Rapidly Take Shape: Old English Architectural Style Copied in Initial Construction of Tract,” stated: "Publicity Contest" Model Home The Prudden House in Kensington Heights is a beautiful, single-story Richard Requa-designed model house, located on the north east corner of Middlesex and Marlborough Drive The house bears strong similarity to pictures of a rural cottage in Andalusia which Requa took in 1926 and published in his monograph, Architectural Details Spain and the Mediterranean.”16 The single story model home received enormous publicity in 1926, due in large part to an advertising campaign that

16

Jackson, DPR form, Nomination of the Prudden House, page 2 of 28.



16


solicited plans for its design through a competition conducted by the San Diego Union. Although a winner was selected, in fact, the plans were drawn by Requa, who then directed the home’s construction that year. The opening premier drew more than 200 people and the promoters expected several thousand on Sunday, November 14, 1926.17

By December 1926, Kensington Heights Unit 1 had completely sold out and the Davis-Baker Company had to rush the improvements into the second Unit months earlier than they had anticipated:

Sale of building sites in No. 2 has been so rapid that again we have had to change our plans with the result that contract for permanent improvement in the third unit was let last week and soon we will be able to offer these sites to future home builders.”. . . “When we undertook the development of Kensington Heights, we recognized that property as among the best residential property in and around San Diego,” Baker says, “Development has brought out the attractive features of that section and the public has been quick to show appreciation. Many resales of early purchases at advanced prices show that this appreciation is constantly growing. This section when our development and building program is completed, will easily take front rank with the high class, exclusive residential sections of southern California.18

John Forward, president of the Union Title and Trust Company and Union Trust Company of San Diego, reported in the San Diego Union on June 16, 1929, that San Diego and the work in Kensington Heights had gained national recognition through the publication of a profusely illustrated 5-page article in the May 27 issue of the National Real Estate Journal that was published in Chicago and distributed nationwide. The article, authored by Harrison R. Baker, was entitled “How Subdivision Sales Were Created by an intensive Home Building Program” (“Kensington Heights Gains National Recognition for Itself and City”).

By 1930, the Davis-Baker Company advertised that “Three years ago it was a mere barley field; today over 125 families have already selected it for a permanent residence.”19 It is important to note that Requa made the first of his heavily promoted tours of Europe in 1926, and both of these houses were constructed shortly in the aftermath of his first trip, where he had gone to intensively study the architectural attributes of the Mediterranean and how they could be applied back in Southern California.20

Kensington Heights Attention. The article also makes it clear that the Model Homes were considered design-types for future construction, and prime examples to illustrate the virtues of the tract. Both residences were opened to the public for tours promoted by the Davis-Baker Company. The photo caption declared:

An excellent example of the style of architecture which is making San Diego one of the show places of the country, is given in the accompanying illustration. A two-story southern California home, just completed in Kensington Heights, is shown at the right with the tract’s model home, built from plans

17

See San Diego Union, November 14, 1926, “The Union’s Model Home Open For Public Inspection Today;

Woman’s Home Plans Selected in House Test: Four Hundred Designs Submitted in Contest for the Union’s Model Dwelling; Numerous Ideas Offered Builders in Prize Design: Kensington Heights Swelling Completely Furnished For Expected Visitors.” 18

Harrison R. Baker, San Diego Union, December 5, 1926. 19

See San Diego Union, February 9, 1930, “You Who Are Planning a Home – do not fail to see beautiful Kensington

Heights!” Advertisement. 20

See ‘Requa’s Rants’ http://www.legacy106.com/RequasRants.htm, which reproduces a number of Requa’s

“Southern California Architecture’ columns featured in the San Diego Union in the mid 1920s.



http://www.legacy106.com/RequasRants.htm

17


selected in a competition, at the left. The new building, now open to public inspection, is declared to be just as perfect an example of the two-story southern California style as the model home is of the bungalow type. The real atmosphere of Old Spain is combined in this home with the most modern of conveniences. It will serve as a model for future construction in Kensington Heights as well as other parts of the city.

NEW KENSINGTON DWELLINGS OPEN: Home Builders Invited to Inspect Southern California Type to Obtain Ideas. San Diegans who are planning to build homes in any part of this city are invited to visit today the two-story Spanish home just completed at Marlborough drive and Middlesex drive in Kensington Heights by the Davis-Baker company, developers of Kensington Heights.

Through the courtesy of W.F. Riley, builder of the home, the public will be welcomed to inspect it from top to bottom. Any feature of the building which appeals to prospective home builders may be adopted by them, says the owner, whether the lots on which they plan to build are in Kensington Heights or any other part of San Diego. . . . . . “We will aid in every way possible in setting a high standard of home construction for all parts of San Diego.” Today’s invitation to public to make use of the ideas incorporated in the fine home in Kensington Heights is in line with that policy.21

The Davis-Baker Company featured the pairing of the Requa Model Home a two-story home, with the tract’s signature Electrolier light and newly paved streets, in a large advertisement with photograph intended to represent the tract, entitled: “A new HOME DISTRICT is building: Homes are open for inspection,” on July 31, 1927.

Improvements are all completed, beautiful, true Spanish types of homes are building. A new residential atmosphere is being created in Kensington. . . It is being built for the most discriminating home owner . . . Come out now and inspect this new district of true Spanish homes. Some homes of the newest design in architecture are open for inspection. . . NEW HOME BARGAINS Mediterranean Spanish stucco, 2-story, 7 rooms, 2 baths, patio, fishpond, balconies, Frigidaire, gas furnace. Price $18,000 – cash $5,000.

Rapid Appreciation in Prices. Advertisements in 1927 by the Davis-Baker Company promoted their “District of True Spanish Homes.”22 Subsequent publicity in the next few months commented upon the series of homes of distinctive architecture and model home that had been attracting hundreds of visitors. By 1928, the Davis-Baker Company boasted “Resumption of 1926 Real Estate Activity Indicated in New February Land Sales: Kensington Heights Developers Elated Over Business In First Week of Month”23. The article featured photographs of six Kensington Heights homes, as well as the Prudden home, B.S. Litchfield residence, home of Herbert C. Bathrick, and L.O. Palmer. The promoters were anxious to ramp up their advertising because installation of the road improvements and utilities had made it difficult to drive through the tract. With that work nearly out of the way, they were anticipating a profitable year. The caption to the photographs stated:

21

San Diego Union of March 6, 1927. 22

San Diego Union, August 7, 1927 and the “added value of permanent restrictions with architectural supervision on

every new house’” San Diego Union, October 9, 1927. 23

San Diego Union, February 12, 1928.



18


Beautiful homes of true Southern California architecture are arising on the high mesa land of Kensington Heights and this new district fast is becoming one of the city’s show places. Kensington looks down on the old San Diego mission across the valley, the place “where California began.”

Visitors were invited to see “San Diego’s flawless, best and fastest building, close-in view district of better homes.” They had created another model home at 5272 Marlborough Drive. The “Color House” came completely furnished and was open for inspection. Further north, on the valley rim, they built an observation platform for visitors to gaze upon the panoramic view of “historic” Mission Valley and the “multicolored” mountains.24 Prizes from Developers for Prettiest Home Yards and Davis Baker Promoting. On August 19, 1928, the Prudden House and several others were featured prominently in the San Diego Union with caption

DEVELOPERS OF KENSINGTON HEIGHTS TRACT TO GIVE PRIZES FOR PRETTIEST HOME YARDS. To encourage beautiful yards, Davis-Baker company, developing Kensington heights, is contemplating offering a series of prizes to residents of Kensington heights for the most beautiful yards and gardens. Already the tract is alluring in this regard and the prizes should stimulate every resident to beautify his domain.

This and other publicity proved successful and the Davis-Baker Company placed regular pictorial essays in the newspaper’s development. In March they had set a record of almost $100,000 in home sales and $140,000 in April. With that success, they boasted in the April 28, 1929 article “Kensington Heights Real Homeland”:

The top picture is proof, say members of Davis-Baker company, that Kensington Heights is no longer a mere subdivision, but has graduated into a finished community of fine homes. Bottom – One of the two-story homes which are making Kensington Heights a popular place in which to live.

By September, 1928, Davis-Baker stated “During a recent five months Kensington Heights built a total of new houses equal to 9 percent of the entire San Diego investment in new construction for the same period.” 25 That the vision of George T. Forbes and the Davis-Baker Company had for the Kensington Heights community was enlightened for its time, and their claim that a home purchased in the tract would be a sound investment, is borne out by the decades. A Tribune-Sun newspaper article “New Kensington Heights Homes among Finest in City, Planning Commission Records Disclose: Average Dwelling Value Exceeds All Other Districts in San Diego.” The San Diego Union also featured the community on January 19, 1970, with “Know Your Neighborhood: Talmadge-Kensington Retain Flavor.”

Early Area History During the Native American, Spanish, Mexican, and American Periods. The landscape that we see today in this area has changed dramatically over time. The first people who arrived in this area may have come here as early as 20,000 years ago, although that is a subject of ongoing study. Certainly early peoples began to populate the region by 12,000 years ago. During that era, the Laguna Mountains were frozen and expansive savannah lands surrounded shallow lakes east to the Lower Colorado River. One of the most dramatic differences involved the location of the coastal shoreline, which was substantially further to the west than what we know today. In fact, geological

24

San Diego Union, June 24, 1928. 25

San Diego Union, September 2, 1928, “Streets of Heights Reflect Progress.”



19


evidence suggests that glacial ice drew-down the sea level to approximately 400 feet lower than we know it today. The “coastal” archaeological sites that reflect this period of occupation are now deeply submerged and available only to underwater explorers. Between 10,000 and 5,000 years ago, glacial melt elevated the sea level and prehistoric people intensified their use of the land. About 1,500 years ago, rainfall lessened and San Diego became the coastal desert of today. Archaeological investigation of San Diego has revealed most prehistoric cultures concentrated their population centers near freshwater drainages, estuaries, bays, and marine resources. Most of the prehistoric sites recorded consist of vegetal roasting ovens, trail breakage, and overnight camps. At least one seasonal habitation camp existed in Switzer Canyon at the time Spanish colonists arrived in San Diego in 1769. Other villages are known to have been in Mission Valley, Rose Canyon, and around San Diego Bay. Prior to 1769, Native Kumeyaay families and unknown prehistoric people before them lived in this general area on a nomadic basis, following food resources as they became seasonally available. The local Kumeyaay people continued traditional use rights on the land in this area through the Spanish and Mexican periods of California history, although their ability to live in the area and use the resources of the land became increasingly restricted by European dictates and encroachment from non-native grants, pre-emption, and homestead claims upon choice properties.

The first United States surveys passed through this area in the 1850s, but the first subdivisions as we understand it today with the system of Blocks and Lots did not occur until after 1900. Some sources record local Kumeyaay families living in Mission Valley and in various parts of coastal San Diego until about 1910 based on ethnographic interviews (Shipek 1991). After then, the Kumeyaay families who had not been forced to live on U.S. Government controlled reservations had abandoned these ancestrally-owned lands to move east or south to Baja, California where they still had cultural ties and could live with less interference. While today, American society generally does not recognize Native American usage/ownership of the land as part of the legal chain of title, it is, nevertheless, part of the chronological and historical sequence of land usage over time. Given the many thousands of years of prehistoric occupation, the Spanish colonization era passed through the Mexican Revolution and Mexican War with the United States in a mere heartbeat of time. By the 1870s, European American land surveyors began extending the boundary of the City of San Diego. Real estate speculators bought “Pueblo Land” from the Common Council and City Trustees and then drew maps that created grids of streets and blocks of lots. Conclusion: The Leslie and Louise Atherton House at 5001 Canterbury Dr. was not determined to qualify for designation under Criterion A. Legacy 106, Inc. did not find evidence to support that the Leslie and Louise Atherton House at 5001 Canterbury Dr. qualifies under Criterion A.



20

Page 20 of 32 *Resource Name or #: The Leslie and Louise Atherton House *Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: November 2013 Continuation Update *B10. Significance - Criterion B:

Criterion B: Is identified with persons or events significant in local, state, or national history. A summary of the individuals associated with this property is provided along with a conclusion regarding their significance under Criterion B.

Leslie G. and Louise B. Atherton

Owners, 1927 to 1943 Residents, 1928–1930, 1934–1935, 1941-1942

Leslie G. and Louise B. Atherton owned 5001 Canterbury Drive from 1927 to 1943. They hired Leslie's brother-in-law, Oscar F. Edwards, to construct the home in 1928. The Athertons lived in the home from 1929 to 1930, 1934 to 1935, and 1941 to 1942, renting it out the other years. Leslie was a plumber. There was a family connection between Leslie and Oscar, however, it is unclear what exactly it was. A San Diego Union article from February 12, 1924 states that Oscar was Leslie's brother-in-law, however, Oscar's wife Anna was born in Sweden, and she does not appear in any census or other records along with Leslie and his family, so it is unlikely that Anna was actually Leslie's sister. Still, local newspaper articles from the 1920's indicate that the Edwards and Atherton families frequently attended social functions together, so there was a relationship between the families prior to the construction of 5001 Canterbury Dr. A native of Waubay, South Dakota, Leslie Gwynn Anderson was born June 27, 1899. By 1910, he had moved to San Diego with his parents, Fred and Martha, and three siblings. The 1910 U.S. Census indicates that Fred owned a grocery store, and that the Atherton family lived at 3171 Boston Ave. in the Logan Heights neighborhood. In February 1918, Leslie enlisted in the armed forces. On Leslie’s World War I Soldier Service Card (courtesy of Ancestry.com) is an account of his service during that conflict, handwritten by him:

“Enlisted at San Diego Feb. 21, 1918 in the field artillery. Sent to recruiting station at Ft. McDowell and from there was assigned for duty in Battery F of the 2

nd Field Artillery at Camp

Fremont, Calif. Trained here for 2 months and then the regiment went to Ft. Sill, Okla. where it completed training for overseas duty including artillery target practice on the Ft. Sill School of Fire Range. Embarked for France from Hoboken, N.J. October 28, 1918 aboard the transport Pres. Grant. Landed at Brest Nov. 9, 1918 two days before the armistice was signed. However, arriving too late to see any action we got to see a good deal of the country. Sailed for the U.S. Jan. 4, 1919 aboard the Pres. Grant and landed at Hoboken Jan. 18, 1919. Stayed at Camp Mills, N.Y. a week or so and thence to Camp Knox, KY and after a short stay there to Camp Taylor, KY for demobilization. Discharged February 21, 1919.”

In 1924, Leslie married Louise Hoelscher, and in 1928 they Oscar F. Edwards, to construct 5001 Canterbury Dr. At that time, they resided at 3133 Works Ave., and Leslie was employed as a plumber (1928 San Diego City Directory). A San Diego Union article dated July 13, 1928 indicates that the couple had recently moved in to the newly completed home. According to the 1930 U.S. Census, Leslie and Louise lived at the subject resource, along with their infant daughter Gloria. Leslie’s occupation that year is listed as a plumber. By 1931 the Athertons had moved to 3133 Suncrest Dr. between Normal Heights and University Heights. They moved back to 5001 Canterbury Dr. from 1934 to 1935, and then moved to



21


*B10. Significance (Criterion B continued):

the Boston Ave. home in Logan Heights where Leslie grew up (1937 San Diego City Directory). The couple is shown in the 1939 El Centro City Directory, as residing in Calexico, where Leslie worked as a U.S. immigration inspector. In 1940, the census indicates that Louise and eleven year old daughter Gloria lived in an apartment in Los Angeles. Leslie in not shown as living with them, although Louise's marital status is "married." Louise and Gloria were possibly in Los Angeles for a movie role that Gloria got. An avid dancer, the young Gloria starred in the role of "Curly" in The Star Maker, a musical starring Bing Crosby. By 1941, Leslie, Louise, and Gloria had moved back into 5001 Canterbury Dr. where they stayed until 1942. They sold the home the following year. Leslie died in Santa Ana, California in 1995 and is interred at Ft. Rosecrans National Cemetery in Point Loma. Louise Hoelscher Atherton was born in Taunton, Massachusetts in 1905 to Adolf and Josephine Louise Hoelscher. She grew up in Newton, Massachusetts and moved to San Diego with her parents around 1920, living at 3676 4th Ave. in Hillcrest. She married Leslie in 1924 and their daughter Gloria was born in 1930. Further information about Louise could not be located.

Insufficient information was found about Leslie G. and Louise B. Atherton to determine they were historically significant for their association with 5001 Canterbury Drive under Criterion B.

Harry C. and Vera M. Fenn Residents, 1931 and 1932

Harry C. and Vera M. Fenn resided at 5001 Canterbury Drive in 1931 and 1932. They were renters. Harry was president of Fenn’s Inc., an ice cream manufacturing company. A Louisiana native, Harry Charles Fenn was born in May 1899. In 1920, Harry lived in Ocanaluftee, North Carolina, where he worked as an electrician in a lumber plant (1920 U.S. Census). Around 1923, he married Vera. They lived at 4135 Front St. in 1927, 3833 4

th Ave. in 1928, and 4531 Maryland in 1929 and

1930. The 1930 U.S. Census shows the couple living at 4531 Maryland Street, in San Diego’s University Heights neighborhood, along with their two year old daughter Patsy Ann. Harry’s occupation was listed as a manufacturer of ice cream. In 1931 and 1932, the Fenns lived at the subject resource, and Harry was president of Fenn’s Inc. After moving out of 5001 Canterbury Dr., the Fenns moved back to 3833 4

th Ave. and then to 2889 Ocean

Front Walk in Mission Beach. By 1943 they lived in La Mesa at 9406 Lavell St. Harry died in San Diego in October 1991. After an extensive search, further information about Vera could not be located. Insufficient information was found about Harry C. and Vera M. Fenn to determine they were historically significant for their association with 5001 Canterbury Drive under Criterion B.

Jack F. and Lorayne Millspaugh Residents, 1935

Hilton (“Jack”) and Lorayne Millspaugh resided at the subject in 1935, along with the homeowner Leslie G. Atherton. Jack was a district sales manager for the Kendall Refining Company, while Lorayne owned Lorayne’s Beauty Studio.



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Hilton Ferguson Millspaugh was born in Indiana in April 1897. He appears in many records under his nickname, “Jack.” In 1900, Jack lived in Anderson, Indiana with his parents, William and Alice. By 1917, Jack lived in Long Beach, California with his parents and sister. He served in the Army from March to December 1918, and later worked as a mail clerk at the post office (1920 U.S. Census). Jack and Lorayne first appear in local directories around 1932. In 1935 only, Jack and Lorayne resided at the subject resource, along with the homeowner, Leslie G. Atherton. That year, Jack was a district sales manager for the Kendall Refining Company, while Lorayne owned Lorayne’s Beauty Studio in North Park. By 1937, the Millspaughs resided at 4843 Vista in Kensington. That year’s city directory lists Jack’s occupation as president of Millspaugh-Bain Inc. The company distributed Kendall motor oil. In 1938 they lived at 4812 Alder Place in Kensington. According to the 1940 U.S. Census, Jack was divorced and living with his widowed father near National City, working as an automobile salesman. Jack died in San Diego on July 7, 1974. Further information about him and Lorayne could not be located. Insufficient information was found about Jack F. and Lorayne Millspaugh to determine they were historically significant for their association with 5001 Canterbury Drive under Criterion B.

James E. and Shirley Jones Residents, 1936

James E. and Shirley Jones lived at 5001 Canterbury Dr. in 1936 only. They were renters. James was a Captain in the U.S. Marine Corps. Very little could be found about James and Shirley. James was promoted from the rank of Lieutenant to Captain in February 1935 (San Diego Evening Tribune, February 12, 1935). In the 1942 San Diego City Directory, the couple is listed as residing at 4963 Canterbury Dr.

There was a highly decorated Marine named James E. Jones who earned a Legion of Merit and Silver Star during World War II and the Korean War. Also, a Marine Corps Signal Officer by that name played a role in developing the Navajo Code Talker program during World War II. James Jones being a very common name at this time, definitive proof that these men were the same man that lived at the subject resource could not be located. Regardless, James Jones association with the resource was very brief (1 year) and would predate these men's significant time period during WWII.

Insufficient information was found about James E. and Shirley Jones to determine they were historically significant for their association with 5001 Canterbury Drive under Criterion B.

Ray H. and Bernice Ellis Residents, 1937 to 1939

Ray H. and Bernice Ellis resided at 5001 Canterbury Dr. from 1937 to 1939. They were renters. Ray was a buyer for the Lion Clothing Company. Very little information about the Ellis family could be located. Ray was born in Indiana around 1898. By 1940, Ray was widowed and renting at 3682 Park Blvd. Insufficient information was found about Ray H. and Bernice Ellis to determine they were historically significant for their association with 5001 Canterbury Drive under Criterion B.



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Harold F. and Marian B. Melsted Owners and Residents, 1943 to 1945

Harold F. and Marian B. Melsted owned and resided at the subject resource from 1943 to 1945. Harold served in the U.S. Navy during World War II. Harold Oscar Fred Melsted was born December 16, 1910 in Salt Lake City, Utah to Magnus and Vilborg Melsted, who were immigrants from Iceland. The Melsteds moved to San Diego in 1924, and around 1930, Harold enlisted in the Navy (San Diego Union, October 3, 1942). He was stationed at the Naval Air Station for four years in the 1930's (ibid). Before the outbreak of World War II, Harold served aboard the USS Saratoga and the USS Lexington (ibid). In 1933, Harold married Marian Beverly Jewett, and in 1934, the couple lived at 2127 Meade Ave. in San Diego's University Heights neighborhood, and Harold was employed as a metalworker. By 1937 they had moved to 2857 Copley Ave. in University Heights with their young daughter Joan. In the early 1940's, Harold was employed as an aviation metalsmith with the U.S. Navy (1940 U.S. Census). Marian and Joan lived at the Copley Ave. home with Harold until about 1941, when he was sent to the Pacific Theatre. In late 1942, Harold was wounded in battle in the Pacific while serving as an aviation chief metalsmith aboard the USS Enterprise (CV-6). The Enterprise has the distinction of being World War II's most decorated and awarded ship, earning twenty battle stars during that conflict. In April 1943, the Melsteds purchased 5001 Canterbury Dr. from Leslie G. Atherton, the original owner. They lived there until October 1945, when they sold the home to Rose Rutherford. By 1947, the Melsteds lived at 4409 Lorca Dr. near East San Diego's El Cerrito neighborhood. In the 1950's, Harold and Marian lived in Medford, Oregon, where Harold worked as a postal carrier (1959 Medford, Oregon City Directory). Harold passed away in Hemet, California in May 1978. Marian was born in New York in December 1914. She spent her early years in Rochester, New York. Her father Carl died in the mid-1920's, and after her mother Betty remarried, Marian and her family moved to San Diego. She graduated from Hoover High School around 1932, and married Harold Melsted in 1933. Marian passed away in Hemet in 2006.

Insufficient information was found about Harold F. and Marian B. Melsted to determine they were historically significant for their association with 5001 Canterbury Drive under Criterion B.

Rose Rutherford Owner (but not resident), 1945 to 1947

In October 1945. Rose Rutherford purchased 5001 Canterbury Dr. from Harold and Marian Melsted. Although she was married at the time, the deed was solely in Rose's name. According to city directory searches, there is no evidence that Rose ever lived in the home. Rose was married to Madison B. Rutherford. According to the 1947-1948 San Diego City Directory, the couple resided at 5833 Estelle in San Diego’s El Cerrito neighborhood. Further information about Rose Rutherford could not be located.



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Insufficient information was found about Rose Rutherford to determine she was historically significant for her association with 5001 Canterbury Drive under Criterion B.

Adolf and Frieda Abicht Owners and Residents, 1947 to 1966

Adolf and Frieda Abicht owned and resided at 5001 Canterbury Drive from 1947 to 1966. Adolf was a retired office manager and bookkeeper for a musical instrument distribution company in Chicago. Adolf Robert Abicht was born in Stadtilm, Germany in 1885. In October 1909, he immigrated to the U.S. aboard the German steamer President Lincoln (Declaration of Intention for Naturalization, 1911). In 1911, Adolf lived in Los Angeles and worked as a secretary (ibid), but moved he moved to Chicago that same year. In September 1911, Adolf married Frieda Bӧttger in Chicago. Shortly after their marriage, Adolf was called back to Germany to serve in the German Army, but returned to the U.S. prior to World War I (genealogical information from Fred Smoot, a descendent of the Abichts). In 1915, Adolf became a U.S. citizen. According to his World War I draft registration cards from 1918, Adolf was employed as the office manager for the Dictaphone Company in Chicago. Adolf and Frieda lived in Chicago in through the mid-1940's, and Adolf was employed with the Tonk Brothers Co., a distributor of musical instruments (World War II Draft Registration Card). In 1947, the Abichts purchased 5001 Canterbury Drive and lived there until Adolf died in June 1964 and Frieda died in 1966. Frieda Rosa Bӧttger Abicht was born in Kӧnigsee, Thuringia, Germany in April 1882. Frieda immigrated to the U.S. in 1909. Further information about her could not be located. Insufficient information was found about Adolf and Frieda Abicht to determine they were historically significant for their association with 5001 Canterbury Drive under Criterion B.

Joseph and Maria (sometimes spelled "Marie") Adamo Owners, 1966 to 1968

The Adamos purchased the subject resource in 1966 from the estate of Frieda Abicht. The 1967 San Diego City Directory states that 5001 Canterbury Dr. was vacant, so it is unlikely that the Adamos ever lived in the home. They lived nearby at 4010 Hempstead Circle. In 1968 they sold 5001 Canterbury Dr. to Max L. and Mildred G. Tinkham. Joseph was a bartender at his taverns, the Panama Cafe and the Exchange Bar on Fourth Ave. He was also involved with the Mafia. Very little could be found about the early life of Joseph and Maria. According to an August 22, 1969 San Diego Union article, Joseph was named as one of the top twelve Mafia leaders in California. He was identified as a capodecina (lieutenant) in the West Coast Mafia structure. A decade later, Joseph was identified as a San Diego Mafia boss, although he was not "active" at that time (San Diego Union, August 22, 1979). Maria died in La Mesa in 2001. Further information about them could not be located.

Insufficient information was found about Joseph and Maria Adamo to determine they were historically significant for their association with 5001 Canterbury Drive under Criterion B.



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Max L. and Mildred G. Tinkham Owners and Residents, 1968 to 1983

Max L. and Mildred G. Tinkham owned and resided at 5001 Canterbury Dr. from 1968 to 1983. Max was a retired industrial and farm equipment mechanic, and Mildred was a retired teacher. Max Lemar Tinkham, a native of Bedford, Iowa, was born August 5, 1904. By 1910, Max lived in Rock Creek, Colorado with his parents, Fred and Bessie, sister Helen. By 1930, Max, his parents, and siblings still lived in Rock Creek, and Max and Fred worked as farmers (1930 U.S. Census). In 1932, Max married Mildred Genevieve Hosford in Sidney, Nebraska (Journal-Advocate [Sterling, CO], July 23, 2002). According to the 1940 U.S. Census, the Tinkhams resided in Otis, Colorado, where Max worked as a filling station attendant and Mildred was a teacher. Max and Mildred appear in the 1942 San Diego City Directory, residing at 3979 Kansas Street. Max’s occupation that year is listed as an aircraft worker at Consolidated Aircraft Corporation. The Tinkhams lived in San Diego until the mid-1940’s, but by 1947 had relocated to Eugene, Oregon, where Max worked as a mechanic fixing farm and industrial equipment (1947 Eugene City Directory). They lived in Oregon into the 1960’s, and in 1968 they moved back to San Diego and purchased 5001 Canterbury Drive. Max died in San Diego in November 1977. Mildred owned and lived in the home until 1983. Mildred was a native of Montrose, South Dakota, born in September 1909. She grew up on a ranch and attended a one-room schoolhouse through the fifth grade (Journal-Advocate [Sterling, CO], July 23, 2002). Mildred obtained a teaching certificate from the State Teachers College in Greeley, Colorado, and taught the lower grades at a school in Washington County, Colorado (ibid). In San Diego, Mildred was a member of the Kensington Community Church. She died in La Mesa in July 2002.

Insufficient information was found about Max L. and Mildred G. Tinkham to determine they were historically significant for their association with 5001 Canterbury Drive under Criterion B.

Based on the research found and evidence presented in this report, Legacy 106, Inc. concludes that the Leslie and Louise Atherton House at 5001 Canterbury Dr. does not have significant associations with significant individuals to qualify for nomination under Criterion B.



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Criterion “C” Embodies distinctive characteristics of a style, type, period, or method of construction or is a valuable example of the use of indigenous materials or craftsmanship. The Leslie and Louise Atherton is an excellent example of a Spanish Eclectic home and showcases the Spanish "California Style" of architecture in Kensington. Spanish Eclectic Style. Many architectural historians attribute the high popularity of the Spanish Eclectic style variations in San Diego with the popularity of the 1915 Panama-California Exposition, which was held in San Diego from 1915 through 1916. However, the most likely influence for the shift in popularity would be the Bertram Goodhue-designed 1922-1923 Marine Corps Recruit Depot and Naval Training Center. Soon thereafter, technical journals, newspapers, and magazines promoted Spanish style architecture as a revitalization of interest in 18th and 19th century California history. The San Diego Union hired Master Architect Richard Requa to write a weekly column critiquing local architecture and he used this forum to attack everything but his own preferences of what he termed, “The Southern California style.” He traveled to Europe and North Africa in 1926 and then returned to influence what he believed to be the “honest” historical style. Developers George Forbes and the Davis-Baker Company hired Requa to review the architectural plans for Kensington Heights and the Southlands Company conducted their own reviews of builder plans for Kensington Manor. Although the style continued as late as 1948, the Great Depression caused a shift to “patriotic” styles and Spanish style lost favor to Colonial Revival, Cape Cod, and Neo Classical style houses. Designers of Spanish Eclectic houses often borrowed from Moorish, Byzantine, Gothic, and Renaissance motifs (McAlester and McAlester 2002:417). The fired red clay tiles on this house are Spanish style Mission half barrels. The walls of houses in this style are stuccoed to appear like old adobe buildings in artistic interpretations from Spanish / Mediterranean origins. In general, designers of the period were engaged in a process to define and interpret appropriate architectural styles for our climate. A great deal of literature of the period was devoted to defining an appropriate “Southern California Style” of architecture. The strongest popularity for Spanish style residential architecture hit San Diego about 1925, when the newspapers and popular magazines promoted this as an authentic style harkening back to San Diego’s Spanish roots. Spanish Eclectic Popularity Shifts (1915-1940). The shift from Mission Revival to Spanish style is pretty well established with the design and completion of the Panama California Exposition and public debut in 1915. Newspaper announcements of “Spanish” style buildings in the 1913-1915 period more closely resemble Italian Renaissance architecture (e.g.: Katherine Redding Stadler House, Landmark # 861). But there are few, if any, residential examples of non-Mission Revival, Spanish style residential architecture before World War I. Master Architect Bertram Goodhue changed the public definition of Spanish style with the completion of the Panama California Exposition in 1915. But once again, few Spanish style residences were built to show a direct correlation until completion of the Marine Corps Recruit Depot in 1921 and military buildings at the Naval Training Station (1922-1923). McAlester and McAlester use the term Spanish Eclectic for the fanciful and fantasy mix of Moorish, Byzantine, Gothic, and/or Renaissance architectural motifs on buildings that have no counterpart in the historical world. The architects, designers, and builders responsible for creating these fantasy buildings had no real historical model for their ideas. Although Master Architect Richard Requa promoted accuracy in creating Spanish Colonial Revival architecture, he also encouraged designers and builders to borrow a mix of motifs from his photographs of buildings in Spain, North Africa, and the Mediterranean to create what he called “The Southern California Style.” Builders with and without formal training took design concepts from popular magazines, plan books, and professional architectural journals to dream up their designs. One of the best neighborhoods of Spanish Eclectic style houses to illustrate this concept would



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Page 27 of 32 *Resource Name or #: The Leslie and Louise Atherton House *Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: November 2013 Continuation Update *B10. Significance (Criterion C continued):

be the 1920's Kensington Manor and Kensington Heights neighborhoods of San Diego. Most of the Spanish Eclectic style died out by 1940s. In greater detail, this house has a low-pitched side gabled Mission half-barrel roof and exhibits minimal eave projections with short rafter tails with flat roof behind. The home utilizes wooden casement windows with decorative wooden shutters. The simple end chimney and wall surfacing is smooth stucco with decorative clay attic vent on the side two side façades. The home exhibits an inset covered arched entry way under the principle roofline. Window openings have a deep inset reveal on the front and front side elevations. The wood plank style front door with arched wicket opening and decorative lathe turned window mullions further define the home's Spanish Eclectic style. The builders selected high quality building materials, hired fine craftsmen, and successfully blended Moorish, Mediterranean, and classic Spanish details in the creation of this house. This high end design, materials, and expression of craftsmanship exhibited in this house are excellent even compared with surrounding Spanish Eclectic style houses in Kensington Heights.

The architecturally defining features that are supportive of historic landmarking are:

1. The false side gabled/shed fired red Mission half-barrel tile roof; 2. The inset covered arched entry way under the principle roofline. 3. The minimal overhanging roof eave with angle cut rafter tails and projecting gable beams; 4. The low-pitched front roof at the front and flat roof with parapet at the rear; 5. The smooth white "Santa Barbara style" stucco wall surfacing; 6. The original wood framed casement windows in front; 7. The wood framed fixed double wooden windows at the rear; 8. The rustic decorative plank style wooden shutters; 9. The decorative round clay attic vent on the side two side façades; 10. The simple stucco end chimney; 11. The deep inset window openings on the front and front side elevations; 12. The plank style front door with arched wicket opening and window grille; 13. The decorative lathe turned decorative window grouping mullions seen on the front and side

elevation; 14. The Batchelder tiled plaster interior fireplace and hearth; 15. The original scored concrete curving walkway; 16. The colonnaded covered porch under the principle roofline; 17. The original radiused (rounded) scored front concrete entry steps; 18. The three sided bay window on the side elevation;



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Page 28 of 32 *Resource Name or #: Leslie and Louise Atherton House *Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: November 2013 Continuation Update *B10. Significance (Criterion C continued):

The following are architectural changes that cause integrity loss are:

1. The replacement of the rear and rear side windows with one over one double hung and fixed replacement windows in the original window openings; (mostly outside of the public view);

2. The detached flat roof double garage expansion (approx. 4'), garage window infill and garage door replacement; (detached structure and recommended excluded from designation)

3. Although not seen on building records and permits, a small attached wooden pergola with brackets extends out from the wall on the rear (northeast) elevation. This pergola extension is reversible and at the rear of the house mostly outside of the public view.

Architectural Integrity Analysis. The following is an analysis of the Integrity of the home's architecture. Location. Location is the place where the historic property was constructed or the place where the historic event occurred Based on comparison with the Sanborn Fire Insurance maps and other research, the house is shown to be in its original location at 5001 Canterbury Drive. The address of the resource changed around 1930 from 5033 Canterbury Dr. to 5001 Canterbury Dr. Such address changes were common in Kensington during that time. The House has excellent integrity of Location. Design. Design is the combination of elements that create the form, plan, space, structure, and style of a property. Changes that create a false sense of historical development, such as adding conjectural features or elements from other historic properties, will not be undertaken. Analysis of Sanborn maps, building records and examination of the resource at 5001 Canterbury Drive reveals the home's footprint is original and intact. The elevations match the original design of the house. extremely well with cross gabled façade with low pitched clay tile roof with very little eave overhang and decorative exposed rafters ends. The inset arched entryway and fireplace is seen matching the historic Sanborn maps and building records. The stucco surface had been This is an excellent example of a Spanish Eclectic home built in 1928. Decorative lathe turned window mullions and rustic wooden window shutters are original and intact. These wooden plank window shutters appear to have been utilized on other Spanish style homes particularly on Canterbury Street in Kensington (please see Attachments E.3). As seen in the building records and comparisons between the records and current photos, the home is in remarkable original condition. The only visible change in the original design is the detached flat roofed garage front extension and shed roof (approx. four feet) with newer replacement metal garage door. Some rear and side rear windows (mostly outside of the public view) have been replaced with original style double hung windows in the original window openings which match the extant originals. The added rear pergola extension is not visible not from the public view on the rear façade. The rear pergola is also a removable element on the home. The garage is recommended excluded from designation. The home displays excellent integrity of design and the visible detached garage alteration does not greatly impact the home's integrity of design, materials, workmanship or feeling to such an extent that the home is no longer recognizable or to the extent that the home no longer embodies the distinctive characteristics of its Spanish Eclectic style. The home was recommended for designation in 2008 as part of the draft



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Kensington Manor Historic District Nomination under Criterion C for Architecture (Attachments A.7). The Design element of this home is excellent. Setting. Setting is the physical environment of a historic property. The setting is the larger area or environment in which a historic property is located. It may be an urban, suburban, or rural neighborhood or a natural landscape in which buildings have been constructed. The relationship of buildings to each other, setbacks, fence patterns, views, driveways and walkways, and street trees together create the character of a district or neighborhood. The street and side setback of the house matches the curving street in this historic neighborhood. The only change of to the setting is in the newer side backyard pergola. The house has excellent integrity of Setting. Materials. Materials are the physical elements that were combined or deposited during a particular period of time and in a particular pattern or configuration to form a historic property. The Standards state that deteriorated historic features shall be repaired rather than replaced. Where the severity of deterioration requires replacement of a distinctive feature, the new feature shall match the old in design, color, texture, and other visual qualities and, where possible, materials. Replacement of missing features shall be substantiated by documentary, physical, or pictorial evidence. The home features original windows and doors on the front and front side elevations. The clay tile roof has irregularly laid mission clay tiles matching the original type. The solid wood front door with arched wicket opening is original, as is decorative lathe turned window mullions and decorative wooden window shutters. Decorative wrought iron porch railings and other wrought iron details are intact and original. Original lighting fixtures and many interior fixtures are retained. The scored concrete curving walkway leading up to the house is also original. The front three paned true divided light casement windows are intact and original. Original decorative round clay tile attic vents on the gable ends on the side are also original and retained. The only notable change to the materials within the public view is the detached garage front extension and garage door replacement. As noted throughout this analysis, the Materials aspect of Integrity of this home is excellent.

Workmanship. Workmanship is the physical evidence of the crafts of a particular culture or people during any given period in history or prehistory. The craftsmanship exhibited in this house represents skilled construction techniques. In particular, the skills in decorative woodwork is high quality. As noted above, the blacksmithing of the spiraling wrought iron railing and lighting fixtures shows high quality workmanship. The Workmanship aspect of Integrity is excellent. Feeling. Feeling is a property's expression of the aesthetic or historic sense of a particular period of time. This 1928 Spanish Eclectic residence in its present excellent original condition is well preserved and imparts the visitor with a realistic sense and feeling for the late 1920's and early 1930's historical Kensington neighborhood. The home blends in well with historic older neighboring properties in Kensington. The feeling of a Spanish Eclectic home and the late 1920's to early 1930's pre-WWII are is well retained. The Feeling aspect of Integrity is excellent.



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Association. Association is the direct link between an important historic event or person and a historic property.

The Leslie and Louise Atherton House at 5001 Canterbury Dr. is associated with the work of builder Oscar F. Edwards. However, research for this nomination did not find a direct link or association with significant events or persons connected with this property Conclusion: The Leslie and Louise Atherton House meets six of seven aspects of integrity and can be said to have excellent architectural integrity for historical designation. Legacy 106, Inc. recommends the house for historical designation under Criterion C.



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Page 31 of 32 *Resource Name or #: Leslie and Louise Atherton House *Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: November 2013 Continuation Update

Criterion “D” Is representative of a notable work of a master builder, designer, architect, engineer, landscape architect, interior designer, artist or craftsman.

Oscar F. Edwards Builder, 1928

In 1927, O.F. Edwards was hired by Leslie G. Atherton to construct the home at 5001 Canterbury Drive (from then until approximately 1931, the address was 5033 Canterbury Dr.). The home was completed in mid-1928. Oscar was a carpenter and home builder, and is listed as such in local city directories for the over 30 years he lived in San Diego. He often went by his middle name, Frank. There was a family connection between Oscar and Leslie, however, it is unclear what exactly it was. A San Diego Union article from February 12, 1924 states that Oscar was Leslie's brother-in-law, however, Oscar's wife Anna was born in Sweden, and she does not appear in any census or other records along with Leslie and his family, so it is unlikely that Anna was Leslie's sister. Still, local newspaper articles from the 1920's indicate that the Edwards and Atherton families frequently attended social functions together, so there was a relationship between the families prior to the construction of 5001 Canterbury Dr. In 1879, Oscar Frank Edwards was born in Illinois to Swedish immigrants. Around 1902, he married Anna and they had two sons, Frank and Frederick. In 1910, the Edwards family lived in Tacoma, Washington, where Oscar was employed as a boiler maker (1910 U.S. Census). After living briefly in Denver, the Edwards relocated to San Diego around 1915 and settled at 4718 36

th Street in San Diego’s Normal

Heights neighborhood, where they lived until approximately 1928. Oscar’s World War I draft registration cards from 1918 state that he was employed by the U.S. government as a carpenter, and he worked at the North Island naval base. According to the 1920 U.S. Census, Oscar, Anna, and their two sons still resided at 4718 36

th St. Oscar’s

occupation was listed as carpenter. Around 1928, they moved to 4906 Canterbury Drive in Kensington. That same year, Oscar completed construction of the subject resource for Leslie G. Atherton. In the mid-1930’s, Oscar and Anna moved to 2035 Ocean View, near Logan Heights. By 1940, Oscar and Anna lived in Chula Vista, and Oscar continued to work as a carpenter. Oscar passed away in San Diego in November 1946, and Anna died three years later. In addition to having constructed the subject resource at 5001 Canterbury Drive, building permit notices published in the San Diego Union and San Diego Evening Tribune indicate that O.F. Edwards built the following properties. He likely built many other properties as his contractor career in San Diego spanned over 30 years.

3793 Herman Ave. – non extant (San Diego Evening Tribune, September 25, 1923)

3221 Dwight St. - extant (San Diego Evening Tribune, December 7, 1923)

4648 Ohio St.- non extant (San Diego Evening Tribune, January 20, 1925)

4722 33rd

St. – not extant (San Diego Evening Tribune, July 7, 1927)


CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial __________________________________

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Page 32 of 32 *Resource Name or #: Leslie and Louise Atherton House *Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: November 2013 Continuation Update *B10. Significance Criterion “D” (continued):

Although the evidence listed in this report reveals Oscar F. Edwards was an accomplished builder (based on 5001 Canterbury Drive), Legacy 106, Inc. does not find there is sufficient evidence at this time to demonstrate that Oscar F. Edwards qualifies as a master designer, architect, engineer, landscape architect, interior designer, artist, craftsman or builder under Criterion “D”. Future studies of potentially historical houses by Oscar F. Edwards will hopefully add more to what is known about this builder and his status under Criterion D can be re-evaluated at that time. HRB Criterion E National Register of Historic Places listing or eligibility. Criterion E does not apply to this property. HRB Criterion F as a contributing resource to the _____ Historical District. Criterion F does not apply to this property.



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34

A.1 Assessor’s Building Record

35

A.1 Assessor’s Building Record

36

A.2 Notice of Completion In November 1927, Leslie G. Atherton contracted with his brother-in-law, Oscar F. Edwards, to construct the subject resource. It was completed on February 8, 1928.

37

A.3 Water Record

After an extensive search, the Water Record could not be located.

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A.3 Sewer Record Dated November 19, 1927, although the home was not completed until 1928. Leslie

Atherton is listed as the owner.

Note that the former address of the subject resource is 5033 Canterbury Dr. Many addresses in the Kensington neighborhood changed around 1931.

39

A.4 Building / Construction Permits

40

A.4 Building / Construction Permits

41

A.5 Site Plan with Footprint /Interior Plan

Taken from the Residential Building Record- No footprint additions exist

Note: this aluminum awning cover was not original to the house, is not shown on any historic Sanborn maps and has been removed.

Living Room

Batchelder fireplace included in proposed designation

Front elevation

42

A.6 County Lot and Block Book Page Lot 14 in Block 15 of Kensington Manor Unit 2, first assessed to Leslie G. Atherton in

1928.

43

A.7 Previous Survey Form DRAFT Kensington Manor Unit No. 2 Historic District Nomination, November 8, 2008

44

A.7 Previous Survey Form

Continued from previous page

45

Attachment B Ownership and Occupant Information

B.1 – Chain of Title B.2 – Directory Search of Occupants B.3 – Deed from the Date of Construction

46

B.1 Chain of Title

5001 Canterbury Drive

APN # 440-341-01-00

Instrument Date Grantor to Grantee, Recording Date, Book Number, Page Number

November 29, 1927 Southern Title & Trust Company (formerly Southern Title Guaranty Company)

to Kensington Park Land Company, December 3, 1927, Book 1398, Page 361

November 19, 1927 Kensington Park Land Company to Leslie G. Atherton and Louise B. Atherton,

December 3, 1927, Book 1395, Page 180

Notice of Completion Leslie G. Atherton, owner, contracted with O.F. Edwards to construct the home,

February 9, 1928, Book 87, Page 119

April 30, 1928 Leslie G. Atherton and Louise B. Atherton to Veterans' Welfare Board, June 12,

1928, Book 1456, Page 365

May 14, 1943 Veterans' Welfare Board of the State of California to Leslie G. Atherton and

Louise B. Atherton, June 5, 1943, Book 1504, Page 383

April 26, 1943 Leslie G. Atherton and Louise B. Atherton to Harold F. Melsted and Marian B.

Melsted, June 5, 1943, Book 1503, Page 409

October 17, 1945 Harold F. Melsted and Marian B. Melsted to Rose Rutherford, October 26, 1945,

Book number illegible, Page 402

May 28, 1947 Rose Rutherford to Adolf Abicht and Frieda Abicht, July 1, 1947, Book 2393,

Page 402

January 26, 1965 Decree Establishing Fact of Death of Adolf Abicht, January 29, 1965, File

#17698

May 12, 1966 Estate of Frieda Abicht, Order Confirming Sale of Real Property, May 24, 1966,

File #85986

May 16, 1966 Executor's Deed, Bank of America National Trust and Savings Association, as

Executor under the Will of Frieda Abicht, to Joseph Adamo and Maria Adamo,

May 24, 1966, File #85987

February 27, 1968 Joseph Adamo and Maria Adamo to Max L. Tinkham and Mildred G. Tinkham,

March 19, 1968, File # 45613

December 19, 1977 Certificate of Death of Max L. Tinkham, April 5, 1978, File # 78-134549

October 19, 1983 Mildred G. Tinkham to John A. Biggio, October 31, 1983, File # 83-391986

September 3, 1992 John A. Biggio to John A. Biggio, Gary A. Biggio, and Barry C. Biggio, as Joint

Tenants with Right of Survivorship, November 13, 1992, File # 1992-0728124

47

September 12, 1997 Gary A. Biggio to John A. Biggio and Barry C. Biggio, April 2, 1998, File #

1998-0185070

February 3, 2001 Affidavit - Death of Joint Tenant (John A. Biggio), October 30, 2001, File #

2001-0788056

February 13, 2003 Barry C. Biggio to Leslie A. Gallo, March 27, 2003, File # 2003-0347925

November 26, 2012 Leslie A. Gallo to Grant W. Hamor and Chloe W. Hamor, December 27, 2012,

File # 2012-0815873

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B.2 Directory Search of Occupants

1927 Subject resource does not yet appear in the directory

1928 Subject resource does not yet appear in the directory

1929 Atherton LW (o) Atherton Leslie G (Louise) plmbr h5033 Canterbury Dr

1930 Atherton LG (o) Atherton Leslie G (Louise) plmbr h5001 Canterbury Dr Note: This year, the address changed from 5033 to 5001

1931 Fenn HC Fenn Harry C (Vera M) pres Fenn’s Inc h5001 Canterbury Dr Leslie G. and Louise Atherton residing at 3133 Suncrest Dr

1932 Fenn HC Fenn Harry C (Vera M) pres Fenn’s Inc h5001 Canterbury Dr Leslie G. and Louise Atherton residing at 3133 Suncrest Dr

1933 Vacant Leslie G. and Louise Atherton not listed at all in the 1933 directory

1934 Atherton LG Atherton LG h5001 Canterbury Dr

1935 Atherton LG Millspaugh JF

Atherton LG h5001 Canterbury Dr Millspaugh Jack F (Lorayne) dist sls mgr Kendall Refining Co h5001 Canterbury Dr Millspaugh Lorayne Mrs (Lorayne’s Beauty Studio) r5001 Canterbury Dr

1936 Jones JE Jones Jas E (Shirley) capt US Marine Corps h5001 Canterbury Dr

1937 Ellis RH Ellis Ray H (Bernice) buyer Lion Clothing Co h5001 Canterbury Dr



1940 Vacant

1941 Atherton LG Atherton Leslie G (Louise B) clk h5001 Canterbury Dr

1942 Atherton LG Atherton Leslie G (Louise B) inspr USI & NS* h5001 Canterbury Dr

1943 Melsted HF Melsted Harold F (Marian B) USN h5001 Canterbury Dr

1944-1945

Melsted HF Melsted Harold F (Marian B) USN h5001 Canterbury Dr

1946 Directory not published this year

1947-1948

Abicht Adolf Abicht Adolf (Frieda) h5001 Canterbury Dr


1950 Abicht Adolf Abicht Adolf (Frieda)* h5001 Canterbury Dr


1952 Abicht Adolf Abicht Adolf (Frieda) h5001 Canterbury Dr

1953-1954










1963-1964




1967 Vacant

1968 Tinkham Max Tinkham Max (Mildred) retd h5001 Canterbury Dr

1969-1970

Tinkham Max Tinkham Max (Mildred) retd h5001 Canterbury Dr



49

B.3 Deed from the Date of Construction

50

Attachment C Maps

C.1 — City of San Diego 800 Scale Engineering Map C.2 — Current and Historical USGS Maps

C.3 — Original Subdivision Map C.4 — Sanborn Maps

1886/1887 1906 1921 1940 1950 1956

51

C.1 City of San Diego 800 Scale Engineering Map

Map # 218-1725

52

C.2 Current USGS Map - 1994

La Mesa Quad

53

C.2 Historical USGS Map - 1967

La Mesa Quad

54

C.3 Original Subdivision Map

55

C.3 Original Subdivision Map

56

C.3 Tax Assessor's Map

57

C.4 Sanborn Map – 1886/1887

None for this Area

58

C.4 Sanborn Map – 1906

None for this area

59


None for this area

60

C.4 Sanborn Map – July 1934

Volume 2, Map 299F

61


Volume 2, Map 299F

62


Volume 2, Map 299F

63

Attachment D Photographs

D.1 — Historical / Transitional Photographs D.2 — Current Photographs

64

D.1 Transitional Photographs Photos this page date from the 1990's and are courtesy of Grant Hamor.

Northwest (front) Elevation

65

D.1 Transitional Photographs Photos this page date from the 1990's and are courtesy of Grant Hamor.

Southwest (side) Elevation

66

D.1 Transitional Photographs Photos this page date from November 2012 and are courtesy of PreviewFirst.com


67



68


Southeast (rear) Elevation

69

D.2 Current Photographs – Northwest (front) Elevation Photos this page by Dan Soderberg, October 2013

70

D.2 Current Photographs – Northwest (front) Elevation All other photos by Kiley Wallace, October 2013

71

D.2 Current Photographs – Northwest (front) Elevation

72


73


74


75

D.2 Current Photographs – Southwest (side) Elevation

76


77


78


79

D.2 Current Photographs – Southeast (rear) Elevation

80


81


82


83

D.2 Current Photographs – Northeast (side) Elevation

84


85


86


87

D.2 Current Photographs - Detached Garage


88



89


Interior

90

D.2 Current Photographs - Interior

Photos included for reference

91


This interior feature included in proposed designation.

92


For reference. Fireplace included in proposed designation.

93

D.2 Current Photographs - Interior Photos for reference

94

D.2 Current Photographs - Interior Photos for reference

95

Attachment E HRB Criteria

Supplemental Documentation

E.1 — Criterion A E.2 — Criterion B

E.3 — Criterion C E.4 — Criterion D

E.5 — Criterion E E.6 — Criterion F

96

E.1 Criterion A – Community History

97


98


99

E.2 Criterion B – Historical Person

Leslie G. and Louise B. Atherton Owners, 1927 to 1943

Residents, 1928–1930, 1934–1935, 1941-1942 Leslie's World War I Soldier Service Cards provide a handwritten account of his service

during that conflict. Courtesy of Ancestry.com.

100



Residents, 1928–1930, 1934–1935, 1941-1942

The article below states that Leslie was the

brother-in-law of Oscar F. Edwards (who built the subject resource) and the brother of Frank's wife Anna. However, Oscar's wife Anna was originally

from Sweden, whereas Leslie was from South Dakota and Anna never appears in any other records with Leslie and his parents. However, there was some close connection between the

Atherton and Edwards families, as they frequently appear in local newspapers as attending social

functions together.

Note that the original address of the subject resource was 5033 Canterbury Dr. Around

1930, many addresses in Kensington changed.

101



Residents, 1928–1930, 1934–1935, 1941-1942

The Athertons in the 1930 U.S. Census, residing at 5001 Canterbury Drive. Leslie's occupation is listed as "plumber."

102


Harold F. and Marian B. Melsted Owners and Residents, 1943 to 1945

During World War II, Harold Melsted served as an aviation chief metalsmith aboard the USS Enterprise. He was wounded in battle in the Pacific Theatre.

103


Adolf and Frieda Abicht Owners and Residents, 1947 to 1966

Adolf and Frieda Abicht were both immigrants from Germany. They lived in Los Angeles and Chicago, moving to San Diego when Adolf retired around 1947. Photos this page courtesy of Fred Smoot, a descendant of the Abichts.

104


Joseph and Maria Adamo Owners (not residents), 1966 to 1968

105



106



Article continued from previous page

107

E.3 Criterion C – Architecture Note that other Spanish style homes on Canterbury Dr. have wood plank style shutters

matching the subject resource.

4990 Canterbury Dr.

5002 Canterbury Dr.

108

E.3 Criterion C – Architecture Note that other homes on Canterbury Dr. have wood plank style shutters matching the

subject resource.

5010 Canterbury Dr.

109

E.4 Criterion D - Master Builder

Oscar F. Edwards (not yet considered a Master Builder)

3221 Dwight St. in North Park, another home built by Oscar F. Edwards

110

Attachment F Works Cited

F.1 — Provide a list of works cited (bibliography)

111

F.1 Bibliography

Books Brandes, Ray S. 1991 San Diego Architects 1868-1939. San Diego: University of San Diego California Office of Historic Preservation 1996 The California Register of Historic Resources: Regulations for Nomination of Historic Properties.

State of California, The Resources Agency, Department of Parks and Recreation Ching, Francis D.K. 1995 A Visual Dictionary of Architecture. New York: John Wiley & Sons Cook, III, S.F., “Jerry” and Tina Skinner 2005 Architectural Details: Spain and the Mediterranean. Reprint of the 1926 publication by Richard S. Requa, A.I.A., J.H. Hansen, The Monolith Portland Cement Company, Los Angeles. Schiffer Publishing Crawford, Richard W. 2011 The Way We Were in San Diego. Charleston: The History Press Gellner, Arrol and Douglas Keister 2002 Red Tile Style: America's Spanish Revival Architecture. New York: Viking Studio Hartmann, Glenn D. 1977 Architectural Description Guide: Developed for Use in Preparing Nominations for State and

National Registers of Historic Places. Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation, Washington State Parks & Recreation Commission, Olympia, Washington

McAlester, Virginia and Lee McAlester 2002 Field Guide to American Houses. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. McGrew, Clarence Alan 1922 City of San Diego and San Diego County, the Birthplace of California. Volume I. The American

Historical Society, Chicago National Park Service 1985 Historic American Building Survey Guidelines for Preparing Written and Historical Descriptive

Data. Division of National Register Programs, Western Regional Office, San Francisco, California Newcomb, Rexford 1990 Spanish-Colonial Architecture in the United States. Dover Publications, New York Requa, Richard S., A.I.A. 1929 Old World Inspiration for American Architecture. Originally published by the Monolith Portland Cement Company. Los Angeles, California. Requa, Richard S., A.I.A. 1937 Inside Lights on the Building of San Diego's Exposition: 1935. Frye & Smith, Ltd., San Diego Smith, G.E. Kidder 1996 Source Book of American Architecture. New York: Princeton Architectural Press

112

Walker, Lester 2002 American Homes - An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Domestic Architecture. New York: Black Dog

& Leventhal Publishers Woods, Douglas, Melba Levick and M. Brian Tichenor 2012 The California Casa. New York: Rizzoli International Publications, Inc. Government Documents City of San Diego Historical Resources Board 2009 Historical Resource Research Report Guidelines and Requirements, Land Development Manual,

Historical Resources Guidelines, Appendix E, Part 1.1, Adopted by the Historical Resources Board November 30, 2006, Updated January 24, 2008 and February 9, 2009.

Internet Ancestry.com, www.ancestry.com (U.S. Census 1880, 1890, 1900, 1910, 1920, 1930, 1940; California Death Index; Social Security Death Index; genealogical files) Newspaper San Diego Union San Diego Evening Tribune San Diego Union-Tribune

http://www.ancestry.com/

113

Additional Information - Site Plan Window Diagram Taken from the Residential Building Record. All windows in original openings.

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Note: this detached garage sketch is not shown on the Residential Building Record

in its true orientation / location. Please disregard.

Actual location of Detached

Garage

Front Elevation

Original wooden true divided light single pane casement window in original opening. Three total.

Wooden true divided light single pane casement window in original opening (in-kind replacement).

Vinyl double hung and casement windows in original window opening with wooden sill.

Original wooden door with original

leaded glass arched wicket opening

Wooden French door in original opening

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