DRAFT
HISTORICAL RESOURCES INVENTORY REPORT FOR THE BART PHASE II CANOPY AND ESCALATOR MODERNIZATION PROJECT, MARKET STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA
P R E P A R E D F O R :
SanFranciscoBayAreaRapidTransit(BART)DistrictP.O.Box12688(MailStopLKS‐22)Oakland,CA94604‐2688Contact:JanieLayton(510)874‐7423
P R E P A R E D B Y :
ICF630KStreet,Suite400Sacramento,California95814Contact:SusanLassell(916)737‐3000
August2017
ICFInternational.2017.HistoricalResourcesInventoryReportfortheBARTPhaseIICanopyandEscalatorModernizationProject,MarketStreet,SanFrancisco,California.DRAFT.August.(ICF00203.17.)Sacramento,California.PreparedforBART,Oakland,California.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District Contents
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
i August 2017ICF 00203.17
Contents
List of Tables ........................................................................................................................................... ii
List of Exhibits ......................................................................................................................................... ii
List of Figures .......................................................................................................................................... ii
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations ...................................................................................................... iii
Chapter 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1‐1
Purpose and Need ............................................................................................................................... 1‐1
Project Description .............................................................................................................................. 1‐1
Chapter 2 Regulatory Context ........................................................................................................... 2‐1
California Environmental Quality Act .................................................................................................. 2‐1
CEQA Historical Resources and the City of San Francisco ............................................................ 2‐2
Chapter 3 Methods ........................................................................................................................... 3‐1
Chapter 4 Results of Identification .................................................................................................... 4‐1
CEQA Resource Identification at BART Station Entrances................................................................. 4‐12
Embarcadero Station Entrances ................................................................................................. 4‐12
Montgomery Station Entrances .................................................................................................. 4‐13
Powell Station Entrances ............................................................................................................ 4‐14
Civic Center Station Entrances .................................................................................................... 4‐15
Resource Identification Conclusions ................................................................................................. 4‐16
Chapter 5 References ........................................................................................................................ 5‐1
Appendix A Character Defining Features of Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District Contents
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
ii August 2017ICF 00203.17
List of Tables
Table Page
1 Station Entrance/Exit Canopy Count ............................................................................................ 1‐2
2 Summary of Results ...................................................................................................................... 4‐2
3 Historical Resources in the Embarcadero Station Project Area .................................................. 4‐12
4 Historical Resources in the Montgomery Station Project Area .................................................. 4‐13
5 Historical Resources in the Powell Station Project Area ............................................................ 4‐14
6 Historical Resources in the Civic Center Station Project Area .................................................... 4‐15
List of Figures
Figure Follows Page
1 Historical Resources Within the Project Area. .............................................................................. 4‐1
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District Contents
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
iii August 2017ICF 00203.17
Acronyms and Abbreviations
AWSS San Francisco Fire Department Auxiliary Water Supply System
BART Bay Area Rapid Transit
CCR California Code of Regulations
CEQA California Environmental Quality Act
CLE Cultural Landscape Evaluation, Better Market Street Project, Market Street, San Francisco, CA
CRHR California Register of Historical Resources
DPR Department of Parks and Recreation
DPW City of San Francisco Department of Public Works
Muni San Francisco Municipal Railway
NRHP
PIM
National Register of Historic Places
City of San Francisco Planning Department Property Information Map
Planning Department City of San Francisco Planning Department
PRC Public Resources Code
proposed project BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Plan
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
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Chapter 1 Introduction
Purpose and Need TheSanFranciscoBayAreaRapidTransit(BART)DistrictPhaseIICanopyandEscalatorModernizationPlanproject(proposedproject)wouldinstallverticalcanopystructuresat21BARTentrancesalongMarketStreetinSanFrancisco.ICFisprovidingassistancetoBARTwithidentifyingtheappropriatelevelofCaliforniaEnvironmentalQualityAct(CEQA)documentationbased,inpart,onthepotentialfortheproposedprojecttoimpactCEQAhistoricalresources.BARThasrequestedthatICFprepareaHistoricalResourcesInventoryreportthatidentifiesknownCEQAhistoricalresourcesandthepotentialfornot‐yet‐documentedCEQAhistoricalresourcestobelocatedintheprojectarea.BasedontheconclusionsofthisHistoricalResourcesInventoryreport,BARTwilldeterminetheappropriateCEQAdocumentformeetingBART’sCEQArequirements.
Project Description TheBayAreaRapidTransit(BART)District,incooperationwiththeCityandCountyofSanFrancisco,proposestoexpanditsescalatorreplacement/stationcanopyprojecttofourDowntownSanFranciscoBARTstationsalongMarketStreet—specifically,21entrances/exitsattheEmbarcadero,MontgomeryStreetPowellStreet,andCivicCenter/UnitedNationsPlazastations.Alistbystationoftheescalators/stairwaysincludedintheproposedprojectisprovidedinTable1.Theproposedimprovementswouldincluderemovalandreplacement/refurbishmentofexistingescalators,andinstallationofcanopiesovertheentrances/exits.TheseimprovementswouldbeconstructedinaccordancewiththeAmericanSocietyofMechanicalEngineersA17.1,Section6.1.8,whichstatesthatallneworreplacedescalatorunitsmustbecoveredinordertoprotectexistingescalatorsfromweather‐relateddamage.
Eachcanopywouldincludethreeglasswalls,whichwouldbeinstalledinapproximatelythesamefootprintastheexistingmasonryparapetwalls,andwouldallowclearsightlinesonallsideswhilethestationsareopen.Removableartworkmaybeperiodicallydisplayedontheinteriorofthecanopyroofs.Thisartworkforthemostpartwouldbevisibleonlyfrominsidethecanopystructure.Thecanopies,atanapproximateheightof14feet,wouldoverhangthefrontoftheentrytotheescalatorsandstairsbyalengthofapproximately10.7feet,andwouldprovidefurtherprotectionfromtheweatherfortheequipmentandtopatronsastheyenterandexitthestation.ThestructureswouldalsoprovidewayfindingcapabilitiesandtransitinformationforBARTandSanFranciscoMunicipalRailway(Muni)patrons.Eachprotectivecanopywouldalsobeequippedwithamotorizedstationsecuritygrillethatwilllockatthetopoftheentranceatnightwhenthestationsareclosed.ThissecurityfeaturewouldimprovesafetyconditionsforBARTemployeestaskedwithopeningthestationsinthemornings.
Constructionofthecanopieswouldbephasedsothatstationaccesswouldbemaintainedatalltimesthroughoutconstruction.WhilemultipleentrancesmaybeclosedsimultaneouslyatthevariousstationsalongMarketStreet,onlyoneortwostationentrances/exitswouldbeclosedatanyonestationatanytime.
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
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Table 1. Station Entrance/Exit Canopy Count
Station EscalatorReplacement/Refurbishment(EscalatorNumber)
Canopy
Embarcadero S1 Yes
S2 Yes
S4 Yes
S5 Yes
S6 Yes
S7 Yes
MontgomeryStreet S1 Yes
S3 Yes
S4 Yes
S5 Yes
S7 N/A,escalatorindoor
S8 Yes
S9 N/A,escalatorindoor
PowellStreet S1 Yes
S6 Yes
S8 Yes
N/A Yes,overstairsonly
CivicCenter/UnitedNationsPlaza
S3/S5a Yes
S6 Yes
Stairs+NewEscalator Yes
N/A Yes,overstairsonly
N/A Yes,overstairsonly
Total 20b 21Notes:a EscalatorsS3andS5areadjacentandwillbecoveredunderonecanopyb S3/S5arecountedasseparateescalatorreplacements
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Chapter 2 Regulatory Context
California Environmental Quality Act CEQArequirestheleadagencytoconsidertheeffectsofaprojectonhistoricalresources(StateCEQAGuidelinesSection15064.5[b]).
Historicalresourcesarethosethatmeettherequirementslistedbelow.
ResourceslistedinordeterminedeligibleforlistingintheCaliforniaRegisterofHistoricalResources(CRHR)(StateCEQAGuidelinesSection15064.5[a][1]).
ResourcesincludedinalocalregisterasdefinedinPublicResourcesCode(PRC)Section5020.1(k),“unlessthepreponderanceofevidencedemonstrates”thattheresource“isnothistoricallyorculturallysignificant”(StateCEQAGuidelinesSection15064.5[a][2]).
ResourcesthatareidentifiedassignificantinsurveysthatmeetthestandardsprovidedinPRCSection5024.1[g](StateCEQAGuidelinesSection15064.5[a][3]).
Resourcesthattheleadagencydeterminesaresignificant,basedonsubstantialevidence(StateCEQAGuidelinesSection15064.5[a][3]).
TheprocessforidentifyinghistoricalresourcesistypicallyaccomplishedbyapplyingthecriteriaforlistingintheCRHR(14CaliforniaCodeofRegulations[CCR]4852),whichstatesthatahistoricalresourcemustbesignificantatthelocal,state,ornationallevelunderoneormoreofthefollowingfourcriteria.
Criterion1.IsassociatedwitheventsthathavemadeasignificantcontributiontothebroadpatternsofCalifornia’shistoryandculturalheritage,ortheUnitedStates(14CCR4852[b][1]).
Criterion2.Isassociatedwiththelivesofpersonsimportantinourpast(14CCR4852[b][2]).
Criterion3.Embodiesthedistinctivecharacteristicsofatype,period,region,ormethodofconstruction,orrepresentstheworkofanimportantcreativeindividual,orpossesseshighartisticvalues(14CCR4852[b][3]).
Criterion4.Yields,ormaybelikelytoyield,informationimportantinprehistoryorhistory(14CCR4852[b][4]).
TobeconsideredahistoricalresourceforthepurposeofCEQA,theresourcemustalsohaveintegrity,whichistheauthenticityofaresource’sphysicalidentityevidencedbythesurvivalofcharacteristicsthatexistedduringtheresource’speriodofsignificance.
Resources,therefore,mustretainenoughoftheirhistoriccharacterorappearancetoberecognizableashistoricalresourcesandtoconveythereasonsfortheirsignificance.Integrityisevaluatedwithregardtotheretentionoflocation,design,setting,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.ItmustalsobejudgedwithreferencetotheparticularcriteriaunderwhicharesourceiseligibleforlistingintheCRHR(14CCR4852[c]).Integrityconsiderationsaredefinedasfollows.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District Regulatory Context
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
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Location.Wherethehistoricpropertywasconstructedortheplacewherethehistoriceventoccurred.
Design.Thecombinationofelementsthatcreatethehistoricform,plan,space,structure,andstyleofaproperty.Thisincludesorganizationofspace,proportion,scale,technology,ornamentation,andmaterials.Thisisapplicabletolargerpropertiesforthehistoricwayinwhichthebuildings,sites,andstructuresarerelated.
Setting.Thephysicalenvironmentofahistoricproperty.Itreferstothehistoriccharacteroftheproperty.Itincludesthehistoricalrelationshipofthepropertytosurroundingfeaturesandopenspace.Theseincludetopographicfeatures,vegetation,simplemanmadepathsorfencing,andtherelationshipsbetweenbuildings,structures,oropenspace.
Materials.Thephysicalelementsthatwerecombinedduringaparticularperiodoftimeandinaparticularpatternorconfigurationtoformthehistoricproperty.
Workmanship.Thephysicalevidenceofthecraftsofaparticularcultureorpeopleduringagivenperiodinhistory.Itmaybeexpressedinvernacularmethodsofconstructionandplainfinishesorinhighlysophisticatedconfigurationandornamentaldetailing.
Feeling.Theproperty’sexpressionoftheaestheticorhistoricsenseofaparticularperiodoftime.Itresultsfromthepresenceofphysicalfeaturesthat,takentogether,conveytheproperty’shistoriccharacter.
Association.Thedirectlinkbetweenanimportanthistoriceventorpersonandahistoricproperty.Apropertyretainsassociationifitistheplacewheretheeventoractivityoccurredandissufficientlyintacttoconveythatrelationshiptoanobserver.Likefeeling,associationrequiresthepresenceofphysicalfeaturesthatconveyaproperty’shistoriccharacter.
Resourcesthatmeetthesignificancecriteriaandintegrityconsiderationsmustbeconsideredandtreatedfurther.NotethatthefactthataresourceisnotlistedinordeterminedtobeeligibleforlistingintheCRHR,notincludedinalocalregisterofhistoricalresources,ornotidentifiedinanhistoricalresourcesurveydoesnotprecludealeadagencyunderCEQAfromdeterminingthattheresourcemaybeanhistoricalresourceasdefinedinPRCSection5020.1(j)or5024.1(StateCEQAGuidelinesSection15064.5[a][4]).
CEQA Historical Resources and the City of San Francisco
TheSanFranciscoPlanningDepartment’s(PlanningDepartment’s)PreservationBulletinNo.161providesdefinitionofandguidanceforidentifyingCEQAhistoricalresourcesintheCityandCountyofSanFranciscopursuanttothetermsanddefinitionsinSection21084.1oftheCEQAStatuteandSection15064.5oftheCEQAGuidelines.BulletinNo.16states:
“’HistoricalResources’includepropertieslistedinorformallydeterminedeligibleforlistinginanadoptedlocalhistoricregister.Theterm‘localhistoricregister’or‘localregisterofhistoricalresources’meansalistofresourcesthatareofficiallydesignatedorrecognizedashistoricallysignificantbyalocalgovernmentpursuanttoresolutionorordinance.
‘HistoricalResources’alsoincludesresourcesidentifiedassignificantinanhistoricalresourcesurveymeetingcertaincriteria.
1ThereviewproceduretextrestatedhereisborrowedexclusivelyfromBulletinNo.16,accessibleathttp://www.sf‐planning.org/Modules/ShowDocument.aspx?documentid=5340.AccessedMay1,2017.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District Regulatory Context
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
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Additionally,properties,whicharenotlistedbutareotherwisedeterminedtobehistoricallysignificant,basedonsubstantialevidence,wouldalsobeconsidered‘historicalresources.’ThePlanningDepartmentwillconsideranyinformationsubmittedbymembersofthepublic,oranalysisbyPlanningDepartmentexperts,whendeterminingwhetheranotherwiseunlistedpropertymaybeanhistoricalresource.”
ThePlanningDepartmentidentifiesCEQAhistoricalresourcesusingthefollowingsub‐categories.
Category A.1 – Resources listed on or formally determined to be eligible for the
California Register of Historical Resources.
ThesepropertiesareconsideredhistoricalresourcesforpurposesofCEQA.Onlytheremovaloftheproperty’sstatusaslistedinordeterminedtobeeligibleforlistingintheCRHRbytheCaliforniaHistoricResourcesCommissionwillprecludeevaluationofthepropertyasanhistoricalresourceunderCEQA.
Category A.2 – Resources listed on adopted local registers, and properties that
have been determined to appear or may become eligible, for the California
Register of Historical Resources.
Thissub‐categoryisprimarilycomposedofpropertiesthatarelistedinalocalregisterofhistoricalresources,asdefinedbyPRCSection5020.1(k),oridentifiedassignificant(statuscodes1‐5)inanhistoricalresourcesurveymeetingtherequirementsofPRCSection5024.1(g).
Onlyapreponderanceoftheevidencedemonstratingthattheresourceisnothistoricallyorculturallysignificantwillprecludeevaluationofthepropertyasanhistoricalresource.InthecaseofCategoryA.2resourcesincludedinanadoptedsurveyorlocalregister,generallythe“preponderanceoftheevidence”mustconsistofevidencethattheappropriatedecision‐makerhasdeterminedthattheresourceshouldnolongerbeincludedintheadoptedsurveyorregister.Wherethereissubstantiatedanduncontrovertedevidenceofanerrorinprofessionaljudgment,ofaclearmistake,orthatthepropertyhasbeendestroyed,thismayalsobeconsidereda“preponderanceoftheevidence”thatthepropertyisnotanhistoricalresource.2
Categories B and C. CategoryBinBulletinNo.16addressespropertiesthatrequirefurtherconsultationforreviewiftheydonotmeetthecriteriaofCategoriesA.1andA.2.Thesepropertiesfallintoninedistinctcategoriesoutlinedonpages5and6ofBulletinNo.16.CategoryCinBulletinNo.16classifiespropertiesdeterminednottobehistoricalresources,orpropertiesforwhichtheCityofSanFranciscohasnoinformationshowingthepropertyisanhistoricresource.
2ForthoseA.2resourceswhicharenotonanadoptedlocalregisterorsurvey,the“preponderanceoftheevidence”mustconsistofevidencethattheproperty(1)nolongerpossessesthosequalitieswhichmighthavemadeiteligiblefortheCRHR,or(2)additionalinformationshowsthatthepropertycouldnevermeettheCRHR’scriteria,or(3)anerrorinprofessionaljudgmentshowsthatthepropertycouldnotmeettheCRHRCriteria.
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
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Chapter 3 Methods
ICFinitiatedathree‐partapproachoverthecourseoftheanalysis,includingareviewofpreviousstudies,verificationofthedesignationstatusofpreviouslyrecordedresourceswithintheprojectarea,andaprojectsitevisit.InformationgatheredthroughthesemethodsfacilitatedtheidentificationofknownCEQAhistoricalresourcesintheprojectareaandthemeanstogaugethelikelihoodfornotyetdocumentedCEQAhistoricalresourcestooccurintheprojectarea.
UnderseparatecontractfortheCityofSanFranciscoDepartmentofPublicWorks(DPW),ICFhasbeenconductinganhistoricalresourcesinventoryofMarketStreetfromJustinHermanPlazatoCityHall.TheidentificationofpreviousstudiesandknownhistoricalresourcesfortheproposedprojectisbaseduponthebackgroundresearchfortheBetterMarketStreetproject,whichincludesresearchofpreviouslyrecordedresourcesandcompletedreportsonfileattheNorthwesternInformationCenterandatthePlanningDepartment.
ThefollowingtextisadaptedfromthedraftHistoricalResourcesEvaluationreportsubmittedtothePlanningDepartmentinMay2015(ICFInternational2015).Itdescribesthesourcesconsultedforpreviousstudiesandknownresources.
NorthwestInformationCenter:Bibliographicreferences,previoussurveyreports,historicmaps,andarchaeologicalsiterecordspertinenttothestudyareawerecompiledthrougharecordssearchoftheCaliforniaHistoricalResourcesInformationSystemtoidentifypriorstudiesandknownculturalresourceswithin0.125mileoftheCEQAstudyarea.
Thisrecordssearch(FileNo.14‐0541)wasconductedattheNorthwestInformationCenter,SonomaStateUniversity,RohnertPark,onOctober24,2014.Theareaofpotentialeffectsandanareawithin0.125mileoftheareaofpotentialeffectscomposedtherecordssearchstudyarea.Thesearchinvolvedareviewofthefollowinginformation.
Siterecordsforpreviouslyrecordedsites.
Allpreviousstudiesconductedwithinthestudyarea.
TheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlaces(NRHP).
TheCaliforniaInventoryofHistoricResources.
TheOfficeofHistoricPreservationHistoricPropertiesDirectory.
PlanningDepartment:AvailablematerialsfortheprojectareacontainedatthePlanningDepartmentwereprovidedtoICFonAugust25,2014.TheseincludedmaterialspertainingtotheCivicCenterNationalHistoricLandmarkDistrict,historicMarketStreetimages,historicmaps,andoriginalplansanddrawingsfortheCivicCenterandUnitedNationsPlaza.AdditionalrequestsformaterialsweremadebyICFduringSeptember2014pertainingtotheMid‐MarketSurvey,MarketStreetMasonryLandmarkDistrictandassociatedDepartmentofParksandRecreation(DPR)523forms,andtheMuni‐MetroStudy.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District Methods
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
3‐2 August 2017ICF 00203.17
DPW:ArecordsearchwasrequestedbyICFtoDPWonOctober14,2014,oftheavailableas‐builtplans,andsubsequentdrawingspertainingtotheMarketStreetReconstructionProjectof1967–1982.ICFreceivedmaterialsfromDPWonNovember10,2014,containingapproximately10,000itemsincludingalloftheplansanddrawingspertainingtotheMarketStreetReconstructionProject.
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
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Chapter 4 Results of Identification
ICFidentified22buildingswithintheimmediatevicinityofthe21BARTstationentranceprojectsitesonMarketStreet(seeFigure1,HistoricalResourceswithintheProjectArea).Ofthesebuildings,16areCEQAhistoricalresources,10arecontributorstodesignatedhistoricorconservationdistricts,3and5areindividuallyclassifiedasPlanningDepartmentCategoryAproperties.
TwobuildingsareclassifiedbythePlanningDepartmentasCategoryBproperties:22DrummStreet/5TheEmbarcaderoatEmbarcaderoStation,and2‐8MontgomeryStreetatMontgomeryStation.CategoryBbuildingsarehistoric‐eraarchitecturalresourcesthathavenotbeenformallyrecordedandevaluatedforhistoricalsignificanceandassuchrequirefurtherconsultationandagencyreviewtodeterminewhethertheymeettheCityofSanFrancisco’sdefinitionofCEQAhistoricalresource.ThetwoCategoryBbuildingsidentifiedaspartofthisinventorywerenotformallyevaluatedforlistingintheNRHPorCRHRduetotheexceedinglylowprobabilitythattheproposedprojectwouldresultinasubstantialadversechangetotheirsignificance,iftheywerefoundtobehistoricallysignificant.ThesebuildingshavebeenlocatedonMarketStreetforover50years,duringwhichtimethestreetscapehasbeenreconfiguredseveraltimes.Theintroductionofnewstreetscapefeatures(stationcanopies)adjacenttothesebuildingswouldbeyetanotherphysicalchangeinsettingamidstthepreviouslymodifiedanddynamicurbanlandscapeofMarketStreet,alandscapewithpedestrianandtransitfeaturesthathavechangedandevolvedoverthepastcenturyinresponsetocontemporarytrendsandneeds.Historic‐agebuildingssuchasthetwosubjectCategoryBbuildingshavebornewitnesstothesechangeswithalmostnoharmdonetotheirhistoricalandarchitecturalcharacter.
ThefourremainingbuildingsareclassifiedasPlanningDepartmentCategoryCproperties,whichindicatesthatnohistoricresourcesarepresentonthatparcel.Finally,atthetimeofpreparingthisreport,thereisavacantparcel(3702820)attheCivicCenterStationproposedcanopylocationS‐6,atthesouthwestcornerof8thandMarketStreets.
ThesedetailsarefurtherdefinedbelowunderCEQAResourceIdentificationatBARTStationEntrances.
3TherearefourhistoricdistrictsthatqualifyasCEQAhistoricalresourcesthateitherencompassoneormoreoftheBARTentrances,orareincloseproximitytotheproposedproject:theNewMontgomery‐Mission‐SecondStreetConservationDistrict,theKearny‐Market‐Mason‐SutterConservationDistrict,theCivicCenterHistoricDistrict,andtheMarketStreetTheaterandLoftHistoricDistrict.NoneoftheproposedprojectsitesfallwithintheMarketStreetTheaterandLoftHistoricDistrict,thoughitiswithincloseproximitytooneoftheCivicCenterStationentranceslocatedat7thandMarketStreets.
Market Street
Drum
m St
reet
Spea
r Str
eet
Mission Street
California Street
Fron
t Stre
et
Mai
n St
reet
Davis
Stre
et
Pine Street
Batte
ry St
reet
Beal
e St
reet
APN: 0265003
APN: 0264004
APN: 0234017
APN: 3710020
APN: 3711019 APN: 3712025
1
23
4
5
6
Image: Google Inc. 2017. Google Earth Pro, Version 7.1. Mountain View, CA. Accessed: May 16, 2017.
0 100 200
FEET
Legend
CEQA Historical Resource
Category B Resource
Category C Resource
# BART Station Entrance
Historic District Boundary
Gra
phic
s …
0020
3.17
(7/5
/17)
AB
Figure 1AHistorical Resources Within the Project Area
Embarcadero Station
New Montgomery-Mission-Second Street Conservation District
Market Street
Mon
tgom
ery S
treet
New
Mon
tgom
ery
Stre
et
Jessie Street
Sutter Street
Kear
ny St
reet
2nd
Stre
et
Stevenson Street
Post Street
APN: 0291007APN: 0291001
APN: 0289003
APN: 3708059
7
810
911
12
APN: 3707052APN: 3708175
Image: Google Inc. 2017. Google Earth Pro, Version 7.1. Mountain View, CA. Accessed: May 16, 2017.
0 100 200
FEET
Legend
CEQA Historical Resource
Category B Resource
Category C Resource
# BART Station Entrance
Historic District Boundary
Gra
phic
s …
0020
3.17
(7/5
/17)
AB
Figure 1BHistorical Resources Within the Project Area
Montgomery Street Station
Kearny-Market-Mason-Sutter Conservation District
Market Street
Stoc
kton
Stre
et
5th
Stre
et
Powel
l Stre
et
4th
Stre
et
Mission Street
Mas
on St
reet
Ellis Street
Cyril M
agnin
Stre
et
O’Farrell Street
APN: 0328001
APN: 3705Z001
13
141516
APN: 3704001
APN: 3705037
APN: 3705042
Image: Google Inc. 2017. Google Earth Pro, Version 7.1. Mountain View, CA. Accessed: May 16, 2017.
0 100 200
FEET
Legend
CEQA Historical Resource
Category B Resource
Category C Resource
# BART Station Entrance
Historic District Boundary
Gra
phic
s …
0020
3.17
(7/5
/17)
AB
Figure 1CHistorical Resources Within the Project Area
Powell Street Station
Civic CenterHistoric District
Market Street Theater and Loft Historic District
Market Street
McAllister Street
Hyde S
treet
8th
Stre
et
7th
Stre
et
Leav
enworth
Stre
et
APN: 0351035
APN: 0351022 APN: 0351050
APN: 0351051
Vacant Lot
17
19
1821
20
APN: 3702044
0 100 200
FEET
Image: Google Inc. 2017. Google Earth Pro, Version 7.1. Mountain View, CA. Accessed: May 16, 2017.
Legend
CEQA Historical Resource
Category B Resource
Category C Resource
# BART Station Entrance
Historic District Boundary
Gra
phic
s …
0020
3.17
(7/5
/17)
AB
Figure 1DHistorical Resources Within the Project Area
Civic Center Station
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District Results of Identification
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
4‐2 August 2017ICF 00203.17
Table 2. Summary of Results
Station Canopies CEQAResources AssociatedHistoric/ConservationDistrict
Embarcadero 6 3 ‐‐
Montgomery 6 3NewMontgomery‐Mission‐SecondStreetConservationDistrict
Powell 4 5Kearny‐Market‐Mason‐SutterConservationDistrict
CivicCenter 5 4 CivicCenterHistoricDistrict
Cultural Landscapes
Giventhepresenceofthreeculturallandscapeswithintheprojectarea—theMarketStreetstreetscape,CivicCenter,andUnitedNationsPlaza(whichisindividuallyeligibleandalsoacontributortobothMarketStreetandCivicCenterculturallandscapes)—stationimprovementsassociatedwiththeBARTStationEntrancesprojectmustbeevaluatedprogrammatically.Whileaprojectwithfeaturesthatextendacrossalandscapemightbeinterpretedtorepresentnoimpactwithinthecontextofanalysisrelativetoanindividualbuilding,object,orstructure,thesameprojectmaybeinterpreteddifferentlywhenthefullextentofthatproject’sfeaturesareevaluatedtogetherprogrammaticallyatthelandscapelevel.Culturallandscapeanalysisincludesevaluationofcharacter‐definingfeaturesorganizedwithinthefollowing10landscapecharacteristiccategories(Pageetal.1998).
NaturalSystemsandFeatures.Naturalaspectsthatofteninfluencethedevelopmentandresultantformofalandscape.
SpatialOrganization.Arrangementofelementscreatingtheground,vertical,andoverheadplanesthatdefineandcreatespaces.
ClusterArrangements.Locationsofbuildingsandstructuresinthelandscape.
Circulation.Spaces,features,andmaterialsthatconstitutesystemsofmovement.
Topography.Three‐dimensionalconfigurationofthelandscapesurfacecharacterizedbyfeaturesandorientation.
Vegetation.Indigenousorintroducedtrees,shrubs,vines,groundcovers,andherbaceousmaterials.
BuildingsandStructures.Three‐dimensionalconstructssuchashouses,barns,garages,stables,bridges,andmemorials.
ViewsandVistas.Featuresthatcreateorallowarangeofvision,whichcanbenaturalordesignedandcontrolled.
ConstructedWaterFeatures.Builtfeaturesandelementsthatutilizewaterforaestheticorutilitarianfunctions.
Small‐ScaleFeatures.Elementsthatprovidedetailanddiversitycombinedwithfunctionandaesthetics.
Culturallandscapeanalysisremainsanascentareaofstudyinthehistoricpreservationindustry.Thus,thefollowingsubsectionsaddresstheculturallandscapeswithintheprojectareawithconsiderationfortheuniquenatureofthisresourcetypeconsistentwiththeSecretaryofthe
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District Results of Identification
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
4‐3 August 2017ICF 00203.17
Interior’sStandardsfortheTreatmentofHistoricPropertieswithGuidelinesfortheTreatmentofCulturalLandscapes(Birnbaumn.d.),andguidancefoundindocumentsincludingNationalRegisterBulletin18:HowtoEvaluateandNominateDesignedHistoricLandscapes(Kelleretal.1987),AguidetoCulturalLandscapeReports:Contents,Process,andTechniques(Pageetal.1998),andNationalParkServiceCulturalLandscapesInventoryProfessionalProceduresGuide(Pageetal.2009).
Market Street Cultural Landscape
Theproposedprojectwouldinstallverticalcanopystructuresat21BARTentrancesalongMarketStreetinSanFrancisco.MarketStreetisadynamicurbanlandscapewhosepedestrianandtransitfeatureshavechangedandevolvedoverthepastcentury.Thisevolution,whichunfoldedalongthelengthofthestreet,hasconsistentlyrespondedtocontemporarytrendsandneeds.
TheCulturalLandscapeEvaluation,BetterMarketStreetProject,MarketStreet,SanFrancisco,CA(CLE)(ICF2016),whichwaspreparedbyICFonbehalfofSanFranciscoPublicWorksaspartoftheproposedBetterMarketStreetproject,evaluatedMarketStreetasalandscape/sitepropertytyperatherthanasaseriesofindividualbuildings,adistrictofbuildings,orasanindividuallinearstructure.ThisapproachwasselectedbasedonthenatureofMarketStreetasacompositeofphysicalandexperientialqualities.Assuch,inadditiontocriteriaandmethodstypicalforevaluationofbuildings,structures,andobjects,culturallandscapeevaluationguidelineswereappliedinthedevelopmentoftheCLE(ICF2016:2‐2to2‐3).
PlanningDepartmenttechnicalpreservationplanningstaffwillusetheCLEtopreparetheCityofSanFrancisco’sofficialdeterminationofwhetherCEQAhistoricalresourcesarepresentintheproposedstudyareaoftheBetterMarketStreetproject.WhilethatdeterminationisstillpendingwithreleaseanticipatedforJuly2017,thetechnicalfindingsoftheCLEareappliedwithinthisdocument.
TheCLEdescribesMarketStreetasanNRHP‐andCRHR‐eligiblehistoriclandscapethatincludespedestrian,transit,androadwayfeaturesthatarewithinthepublicright‐of‐wayonMarketStreetbetweenOctaviaStreetandtheEmbarcadero.Thelandscapealsoincludesthepedestrianplazas(JustinHerman,RobertFrost,MechanicsMonument,Crocker,MarkTwain,MarketStreet,Hallidie,andUnitedNations);thesidewalkareasonthenorthandsouthsidesofMarketStreettotheedgeofthebuildings,butnotextendingontointersectingsidestreets;andtheverticalspaceabovethestreet.
TheCLEfindingsincludeidentificationofMarketStreet’shistoricalsignificances,character‐definingfeaturesassociatedwiththosesignificances,integrityofthelandscape’scharacter‐definingfeatures,andeligibilitybasedonthepresenceofsignificanceandintegrity.MarketStreetwasfoundtopossesssignificanceandretainsufficientintegritytoconveythatsignificanceinthreeseparatehistoricsignificancethemes.Thus,MarketStreetwasfoundtobeeligibleforlistingintheNRHPandCRHRunderthefollowingcriteria(ICF2016:6‐9,6‐17,6‐29to6‐30).
NRHPCriterionAandCRHRCriterion1foritsroleasSanFrancisco’smaincirculationarteryandfacilitatorofurbandevelopment,withaperiodofsignificancefrom1847to1929.
NRHPCriterionAandCRHRCriterion1foritsroleasavenueforcivicengagementinSanFranciscofromthe1870sto1979.FoundtosatisfyCriterionConsiderationG.
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NRHPCriterionCandCRHRCriterion3astheworkofmasterarchitectsMarioCiampiandJohnWarneckeandmasterlandscapearchitectLawrenceHalprinwithaperiodofsignificanceof1979.FoundtosatisfyCriterionConsiderationG.
CulturallandscapeslikeMarketStreet,whicharecomplexresources,mayhaveindividualcharacter‐definingfeaturesthatexpressMarketStreet’ssignificanceinmorethanoneofitsthreeareasofsignificance.Thesecharacter‐definingfeaturescanhavedifferentdegreesofimportanceintermsofexpressingsignificancewithineachoneofthosesignificanceareas(ICF2016:6‐1).
TableA‐1,CharacterDefiningFeaturesoftheMarketStreetCulturalLandscape:MarketStreetasaMainCirculationArtery,TableA‐2,CharacterDefiningFeaturesoftheMarketStreetCulturalLandscape:MarketStreetasVenueforCivicEngagement,andTableA‐3,CharacterDefiningFeaturesoftheMarketStreetCulturalLandscape:MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanLandscape,areincludedinAppendixAofthisdocument.ThesetablesareadaptedfromtheCLE(ICF2016:6‐3to6‐6;6‐11to6‐13;6‐19to6‐25)andoutlinecharacter‐definingfeaturesassociatedwithexpressingeachofthethreeMarketStreetareasofsignificance.Thetablesindicatethelandscapecharacteristiccategoryassociatedwitheachcharacter‐definingfeatureandidentifywhetherthecharacter‐definingfeatureisextant,partiallyextant,orlost.Thesetablesalsoidentifywhichoftheproject’scontributingfeatures/canopylocationsaregeographicallyrelevanttoeachcharacter‐definingfeature.Incaseswherecharacter‐definingfeaturesarepositionedexclusivelyinalocationorlocationsthatarenearspecificcanopylocationstheBARTentrancenumberisnoted.However,manyofMarketStreet’scharacter‐definingfeaturesarerecurringstreetscapeelementsorfeaturesarticulatedatthelandscape‐level;thus,themajorityofcharacter‐definingfeaturesareidentifiedasbeingrelevanttoallcanopylocationsthroughoutthestreetscape.Finally,thetablesalsoprovideananalysisofintegrityforeachofthecharacter‐definingfeatures.
ThefollowingsummaryforeachofMarketStreet’sthreesignificancethemesprovidealistofassociatedcharacter‐definingfeatures.
MarketStreetasSanFrancisco’sMainCirculationArtery
Character‐definingfeaturesthatexpressMarketStreet’ssignificanceunderNRHPCriterionAandCRHRCriterion1foritsroleasSanFrancisco’smaincirculationarteryandfacilitatorofurbanandeconomicdevelopmentfrom1847to1929arethosethatenabledMarketStreettoprovide“thephysicalfoundationandtransportationinfrastructuremechanismthatfacilitatedthecity’sdevelopment,”prompt“privateinvestmentalongthecorridor,”functionasan“organizingspace[needed]tofacilitaterapidreconstructionafterthe1906earthquake,”andserveasavenuewhere“progressive‐erapublicurbaninfrastructurewasmostaggressivelyintroducedandnewprivateinvestmentindevelopmentoflandmark‐qualitybuildingswasmade”(ICF2016:6‐2quoted).Thefollowinglistofcharacter‐definingfeatures,organizedbylandscapecharacteristiccategory,representsthosethatareextantorpartiallyextantintheMarketStreetlandscape(TableA‐1inAppendixAprovidesadditionaldetailandincludescharacter‐definingfeaturesfromtheperiodofsignificancethatarenolongerextant)(ICF2016:6‐3to6‐6).
SpatialOrganization Alignmentasaxis
Gridalignment
Linearplan
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ClusterArrangement Presenceofmulti‐modaltransportationsystems
Circulation Sidewalks
Roadway
Rails
Electriccatenarywiresystem
Cablecarturnarounds
Topography Grade
BuildingsandStructures Landmarkbuildings
ViewsandVistas Lineofsightfromeasttowest
Lineofsightfromwesttoeast
ViewofMarketStreetfromTwinPeaks
ConstructedWaterFeatures Lotta’sFountain
Small‐ScaleFeatures PathofGoldLightStandards
SanFranciscoFireDepartmentAuxiliaryWaterSupplySystem(AWSS)firehydrants
Samuel’sClock
Mechanic’sMonument
CaliforniaStatehoodMonument
EmergencyCallBoxes
Foraresourcetoexpressitssignificance,itmustretainintegrity.Integrityisdescribedintermsofsevencategories:location,setting,design,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.Throughtheirpresence,character‐definingfeaturescontributetoexpressingoneormoreoftheseaspectsofintegrity.Allsevenoftheseaspectsdonotneedtoberetainedforaresourcetoexpressitssignificance.Ofthesevenaspectsofintegrity,“itismostessentialforintegrityoflocation,setting,design,andassociationtoberetained,astheybestconveytheplace,physicalcontext,forms,andprocessesassociatedwithMarketStreet’sperformanceasSanFrancisco’smaincirculationarteryandfacilitatorofurbandevelopmentduringtheperiodof1847to1929”(ICF2016:6‐9).MarketStreet’spedestrianandtransitfeatureshavechangedovertimeinresponsetoevolvingneedsassociatedwiththeroute’sroleasthecity’sprimarycirculationartery.Alterationtocharacter‐definingfeaturesthatcontributetointegrityofmaterialsorintegrityofworkmanship,whichcanalsoresultinlossofintegrityoffeeling,maybeacceptableifintegrityoflocation,design,setting,andassociationareretained.Assuch,newelementsthatsupportMarketStreet’sroleasthecity’s
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primarycirculationarterycanbeconsideredcompatiblewithcontinuedexpressionofthisaspectofMarketStreet’shistoricsignificance(ICF2016:6‐9).
MarketStreetasVenueforCivicEngagementinSanFrancisco
Character‐definingfeaturesthatexpressMarketStreet’ssignificanceunderNRHPCriterionAandCRHRCriterion1foritsroleasavenueforcivicengagementinSanFranciscofromthe1870sto1979arethoseassociatedwith“thepublicdemonstrationsthatelevatedissuesofLGBTQrightstonationalattentionbeginninginthe1960s”andthe“publicciviceventsanddemonstrationsthatelevatedcivicdiscourseaboutotherimportantthemesincivilrights.”Inaddition,character‐definingfeaturesalsoincludethosethatexpressMarketStreet’suseasa“ceremonialandprocessionalroutethroughthecity[fromJustinHermanPlaza,throughUnitedNationsPlazatoCityHall]forprotestmarches,communitycelebrations,andcivicparades”(ICF2016:6‐9to6‐10quoted).Thefollowinglistofcharacter‐definingfeatures,organizedbylandscapecharacteristiccategory,representsthosethatareextantorpartiallyextantintheMarketStreetlandscape(TableA‐2inAppendixAnotonlyprovidesadditionaldetail,butalsoincludescharacter‐definingfeaturesfromtheperiodofsignificancethatarenolongerextant)(ICF2016:6‐11to6‐13).
SpatialOrganization Verticalityofthestreetscape
Alignmentasaxis
Linearplan
Gridalignment
ClusterArrangement PlazaarrangementalongMarketStreet
North‐southintersections
Circulation Sidewalks
Roadway
Topography Grade
ViewsandVistas Broadviewofstreetscape
VistaofCityHallfromUnitedNationsPlaza
JustinHermanPlazaopenspace
ConstructedWaterFeatures Lotta’sFountain
Small‐ScaleFeatures PathofGoldLightStandards
AWSSfirehydrants
Samuel’sClock
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MechanicsMonument
CaliforniaStatehoodMonument
Foraresourcetoexpressitssignificance,itmustretainintegrityasexpressedbysevencategories:location,setting,design,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.Whilecharacter‐definingfeaturescontributetoexpressingoneormoreoftheseaspectsofintegrity,allsevenoftheseaspectsdonotneedtoberetainedforaresourcetoexpressitssignificance.IntermsofMarketStreet’ssignificanceforitsroleasaprocessionalroute,whichfacilitatesparticipationinandspectationofpoliticalrallies,civicceremonies,andpublicspeeches,“itismostessentialforintegrityoflocation,setting,design,andassociationtoberetained,astheybestconveytheplace,physicalcontext,forms,andprocessesassociatedwithMarketStreet’sperformanceasavenueforcivicengagementduringtheperiodofthe1870sto1979”(ICF2016:6‐17).Alterationofmaterials,workmanship,andfeelingwillundermineintegrity,but,withinthecontextofthissignificancetheme,alterationtocharacter‐definingfeaturesthatresultintheseintegritylossesmaybeacceptablewhencharacter‐definingfeaturesthatcontributetointegrityoflocation,design,setting,andassociationarepresent(ICF2016:6‐17).
MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanDesignedLandscape
Character‐definingfeaturesthatexpressMarketStreet’ssignificanceunderNRHPCriterionCandCRHRCriterion3astheworkofmasterarchitectsMarioCiampiandJohnWarneckeandmasterlandscapearchitectLawrenceHalprinwithaperiodofsignificanceof1979arethosethatillustratetheMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlan’s“applicationofanearlyinterdisciplinaryapproachtourbandesign,whichhelpedelevatetheinfluenceoflandscapearchitecturesasadisciplinethatprovidesperspectiveonmodernurbanplanning.”Character‐definingfeaturesassociatedwiththissignificanceexpresstheMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanas“anearlyexampleofadesignedurbanlandscapethatprioritizedthepedestrianexperienceandrespondedsympatheticallytotheexistinghistoriccontext”atatimewhenredevelopmentprogramsacrossthecountywereprioritizingtheneedsoftheautomobileanddemolishinghistoricneighborhoods(ICF2016:6‐18quoted).Thefollowinglistofcharacter‐definingfeatures,organizedbylandscapecharacteristiccategory,representsthosethatareextantorpartiallyextantintheMarketStreetlandscape(TableA‐3inAppendixAnotonlyprovidesadditionaldetail,butalsoincludescharacter‐definingfeaturesfromtheperiodofsignificancethatarenolongerextant)(ICF2016:6‐19to6‐25).
NaturalSystemsandFeatures Sunlightchanneledthroughnortherndiagonalstreetgridintorectangularplazas
SpatialOrganization Alignmentof120‐foot‐widestreetdiagonallyfromeasttowest
Pedestrian‐orientedseparationoffoot,vehicle,andrailtraffic
Largeplazas
o JustinHermanPlaza
o HallidiePlaza
o UnitedNationsPlaza
SmallPlazas
o RobertFrostPlaza
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o Mechanic’sMonumentPlaza
o CrockerPlaza
o MarkTwainPlaza
o MarketStreetPlaza
ClusterArrangement PlacementofplazasalonglengthofMarketStreet
RepeatingpatternofBART/MunisubwayentrancesalonglengthofMarketStreet
Repeatingpatternofstreetsignage(squareandcircular)
Repeatingpatternoftrafficlightsandtrafficsignage
Arrangementofstreettreesindoubleandsinglerowsdownsidewalks
Circulation Redbrickpavinginherringbonepatternthatdistinguishespedestrianfromvehicularspace
Treeallees(doubleandsinglerows)
Verticalcirculationfeatures(elevator,escalator,andstairs)ofBART/Munistations(CivicCenter,Embarcadero,Montgomery,andPowell)andMuni‐onlystation(VanNess)
Vegetation Streettrees
BuildingsandStructures BART/Munistationstreetentrances:EmbarcaderoStation;MontgomeryStation;PowellStation;
CivicCenterStation
VanNessMunistationstreetentrances
ViewsandVistas RetainedviewofCityHallfromMarketStreet
RetainedbroadviewofMarketStreetwidth
ConstructedWaterFeatures Lotta’sFountain
Small‐ScaleFeatures Granitebollardswithchainlinks
BronzeBART/Munistreetelevators
Bronzefour‐sidedstreetclocks
Streetsignage
Semaphore‐styletrafficsignageandtrafficlights
Bronzetreegrates
Small‐scalefeaturesretainedfromearlierperiods
o PathofGoldLightStandards
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o AWSSfirehydrants
o Samuel’sClock
o CaliforniaStatehoodMonument
o Emergencycallboxes
Throughthepresenceofcharacter‐definingfeatures,aresourcecanbesaidtoretainintegrity.Integrityisdescribedintermsofsevencategories:location,setting,design,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.Whileallsevenoftheseaspectsdonotneedtoberetainedforaresourcetoexpressitssignificance,oneormorecharacter‐featurescancombinetoexpressmultipleintegritycategories.IntermsofMarketStreet’ssignificanceastheworkofmasterarchitectsMarioCiampiandJohnWarneckeandmasterlandscapearchitectLawrenceHalprin,“itismostessentialforintegrityoflocation,design,materials,workmanshipandassociationtoberetained,astheybestconveytheplace,form,physicalcomponents,qualityoflabor,andprocessesassociatedwithMarketStreetasacollaborationoftheMarketStreetJointVentureArchitectsontheMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanasanearlyapplicationofaninterdisciplinaryapproach,whichhelpedelevatetheinfluenceoflandscapearchitectureasadisciplinethatprovidesperspectiveonmodernurbanplanning”(ICF2016:6‐29to6‐30).Character‐definingfeaturesassociatedwiththelandscapecategoriesofspatialorganization,clusterarrangement,andcirculationaremostessentialtoexpressingMarketStreet’sintegrityasaModernist‐eradesignedlandscapeassociatedwiththeworkofmasterarchitectsMarioCiampiandJohnWarneckeandmasterlandscapearchitectLawrenceHalprin.Thesecharacter‐definingfeaturesaremostimportanttotheexpressionofthedesigners’interdisciplinaryapproach,whichelevatedthepedestrianexperiencethroughintegrationofpublicspaces“intheformofplazas,developmentofaunifiedstreetscapeaesthetic,incorporationofexistingbuiltenvironmentfeatures,expansionofsidewalkareas,andremovalofstreet‐levelrailtransit”(ICF2016:6‐18).Thisalsoincludesdesignofstreet‐levelsubwayentrancesof“lowprofile,U‐shapedportalsofminimalistdesign,”which“reducethevisualimpactoftransitpresenceonthestreet‐levelpedestrianexperience”andmaketransitsecondarytopedestrianopenspace(ICF2016:4‐50),aswellasselectionofstreettreesthatnotonlycomplementtheplannedsidewalkwidthandheightofthePathofGoldLightStandards,butalsopreventobstructionofpedestrianviewsofstorefrontsfromthestreet(ICF2016:4‐48).Giventheaggregateimpactoflostfeaturesfromtheperiodofsignificance,alongwiththeadditionofpost‐MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanfeatures,whichhavealreadyreducedthelandscape’sintegritysomewhat,alterationofmaterials,workmanship,andfeelingisacceptableprovidedintegrityoflocation,design,setting,andassociationarenotimpaired.Assuch,retentionofcharacter‐definingfeaturesthatarticulatethedesigngoalsofestablishingaunifiedstreetscapeaestheticthroughrepeatedpatternsacrossthelandscapeandprioritizingthepedestrianexperienceisparticularlyimportant.
United Nations Plaza
TwooftheBARTstationentrancesarelocatedwithintheboundariesofUnitedNationsPlaza,oneinthesoutheastcorner(eastofthefountain)andtheother,largerentranceinthesouthwestcorner.TheplazawasevaluatedandfoundtobeNRHPandCRHReligible,bothasacontributingfeatureoftheMarketStreetculturallandscapeandasanindividuallyeligiblehistoriclandscape(ICF2016).Inadditiontocriteriaandmethodstypicalforevaluationofbuildings,structures,andobjects,culturallandscapeevaluationguidelineswereapplied.Theplazawasevaluatedforindividualeligibilityasalandscape/sitepropertytype.Assuch,inadditiontocriteriaandmethodstypicalforevaluationof
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buildings,structures,andobjects,culturallandscapeevaluationguidelineswereapplied(ICF2016:AppendixA).
UnitedNationsPlazawasfoundtobeeligibleunderNRHPCriterionAandCRHRCriterion1foritsroleasthevenueusedfornationallysignificanteventsimportanttotheelevationofLGBTQissuestonationwideattention,includingtheGayFreedomDayParadesandthefirstcivildisobedienceprotestagainsttheAIDSepidemicanywhereintheworld.UnitedNationsPlazaisalsoeligibleunderNRHPCriterionCandCRHRCriterion3foritsassociationwithmasterlandscapearchitectLawrenceHalprin,asitrepresentsanexampleofhisworkthatelevatedtheinfluenceoflandscapearchitectureasadisciplineimportanttourbandevelopment,particularlyintermsofconsideringthehumanexperienceandtheexistingbuiltenvironmentwithintheredevelopmentprocess.TheperiodofsignificanceforUnitedNationsPlazais1976to1985andthedefinedboundaryoftheplazaconsistsofthe2.6‐acreopenarealocatedbetween7thand8thStreets,extendingwestwardfromMarketStreettoHydeandFultonStreets(ICF2016:AppendixA).
TableA‐4,ContributingFeaturesoftheUnitedNationsPlaza,includedinAppendixA,isadaptedfromTable1,FeatureAnalysisTable:UnitedNationsPlaza,foundintheDPR523BFormforUnitedNationsPlaza,whichisincludedwithinAppendixAofCulturalLandscapeEvaluation,BetterMarketStreetProject,MarketStreet,SanFrancisco,CA(ICF2016:AppendixA).Thetableoutlinescharacter‐definingfeaturesassociatedwithexpressingeachofUnitedNationsPlaza’sareasofsignificance.
Thefollowinglistofcharacter‐definingfeatures,organizedbylandscapecharacteristiccategory,representsthosethatareextantorpartiallyextantintheUnitedNationsPlazalandscapethatexpressMarketStreet’ssignificanceunderNRHPCriterionAandCRHRCriterion1andunderNRHPCriterionCandCRHRCriterion3(TableA‐4inAppendixAnotonlyprovidesadditionaldetail,butalsoincludescharacter‐definingfeaturesfromtheperiodofsignificancethatarenolongerextant)(ICF2016:6‐19to6‐25).
SpatialOrganization LocationalongMarketStreetbetween7thand8thStreets
Triangularplanwithtwolinearpromenadesprojectingnorthandwest
Placementoffountainineasternsection
Circulation Multi‐modaltransportationaccesspoint
VerticalcirculationforCivicCenterBART/Munistationincludingstairandescalator
Twopedestriancirculationaxes
Redbrickpavinginherringbonepattern
Vegetation Trees
PlantingBeds
ViewsandVistas ViewofCityHall
ConstructedWaterFeatures UnitedNationsPlazaFountain
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“Oceanpools”andearthtides”watercycleofUnitedNationsPlazaFountain
Small‐ScaleFeatures Lightpolesatfountain
Flagpoleswithradiabasedesign
Granitepavingwithbrassinlay
Stonemonument
Bollards
Foraresourcetoexpressitssignificance,itmustretainintegrity,whereintegrityisdefinedintermsdescribedintermsofsevencategories:location,setting,design,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.Aresource’sintegrityisdefinedbythepresenceofcharacter‐definingfeatures,whichcansupporttheexpressionofoneormoreoftheseaspectsofintegrity.Allsevenoftheseaspectsdonotneedtobeexpressedforaresourcetoconveyitssignificance.WhenconsideringeligibilityunderNRHPCriterionCandCRHRCriterion3,“itismostessentialforintegrityoflocation,design,materials,workmanship,andassociationtoberetained,astheybestconveytheplace,form,physicalcomponents,qualityoflabor,andprocessesassociatedwithUnitedNationsPlaza’ssignificanceasanexampleofhowLawrenceHalprin’sworkhelpedelevatetheinfluenceoflandscapearchitectureasadisciplinethatprovidesessentialperspectiveonmodernurbanplanning,andillustratedtheviabilityofprioritizingsensitivitytohumanexperienceandtheexistingbuiltenvironmentaspartoftheredevelopmentprocess”(ICF2016:AppendixA).WhiletheintegrityofsomeofUnitedNationsPlaza’scharacter‐definingfeatureshavebeendiminishedorarenolongerpresent,alterationtocharacter‐definingfeaturesthatcontributetointegrityofmaterialsorintegrityofworkmanship,whichcanalsoresultinlossofintegrityoffeeling,maybeacceptableifintegrityoflocation,design,setting,andassociationareretained.Assuch,newelementsthatdonotundermineUnitedNationsPlazaasanexampleoflandscapedesignleveragedforurbanplanningprioritiesorasanexampleofprioritizingthehumanexperiencewithinthebuiltenvironmentcanbeconsideredcompatiblewithHalprin’splazadesign.
San Francisco Civic Center Historic District Cultural Landscape
ThreeoftheBARTstationentrancesarelocatedwithintheboundariesoftheSanFranciscoCivicCenterHistoricDistrictCulturalLandscape,twowithintheboundariesofUnitedNationsPlaza,andathirdontheeastcornerofMarketandHydeStreets.TheCivicCenterHistoricDistrict,asdescribedinthe“SanFranciscoCivicCenterHistoricDistrictCulturalLandscapeInventory”(MIG2015),includesaroughly58‐acreand15‐blockareaofSanFranciscothathasmultiplehistoricdesignations.Thesedesignationsincludethefollowing.
SanFranciscoLandmarkDistrict,December1994(1994SanFranciscoLandmarkDistrict).
NationalRegisterofHistoricPlaces,October10,1978(1978NationalRegister),forstateandnationallevelsofsignificance.
NationalHistoricLandmarkonFebruary27,1987(1987NationalHistoricLandmark).
ThehistoricdistrictislocatedintheCityandCountyofSanFrancisco,California,justnorthofMarketStreetbetweenFranklinStreetand7thStreet.ItextendsnorthtoMcAllisterStreetandGoldenGateAvenue.(MIG2015:5).Theboundaryofthehistoricdistrictreflectsthelimitoutlinedinthe1994SanFranciscoLandmarkDistrict,whichismoreexpansivethantheboundaryoutlined
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inthe1978NationalRegisterand1987NationalHistoricLandmark.TheCivicCenterHistoricDistrictissignificantforitsassociationwitheventsandarchitecturalstylesconnectedtothePanama‐PacificInternationalExposition,theBeauxArtsCivicCenterPlan,theformationoftheUnitedNations,andtheUnitedStatespeacetreatywithJapan.TheperiodofsignificancefortheCivicCenterHistoricDistrictis1896to1951.Theenddatewasestablishedbythe1987NationalHistoricLandmark(MIG2015:6).
TheCulturalLandscapeInventoryacknowledgesthatevaluationoftheworkofknownmasterlandscapearchitectLawrenceHalprinandhisworkassociatedwithBART,MarketStreet,andtheUnitedNationsPlazawasbeyondthescopeofthe2014reportandrequiredfurtherstudy.Theculturallandscapeinventorynoted,“ifworkassociatedwiththatprojectisfoundtobesignificantthentheperiodofsignificancewouldbeextendedtothe1970s.”Forthepurposesofthisreport,character‐definingfeaturesassociatedwiththatperiodofsignificanceareaddressedintheprecedingdiscussionofUnitedNationsPlaza.Thus,thissectionoftheinventoryonlyaddressescharacter‐definingfeatureswithintheSanFranciscoCivicCenterHistoricDistrictboundarythatdatetothe1896to1951periodofsignificance,andarelocatedwithinoradjacenttotheBARTentrancelocations(MIG2015:79–81).Assuch,theonlycharacter‐definingfeaturesassociatedwiththeSanFranciscoCivicCenterHistoricDistrictrelevantforconsiderationinthisCulturalResourcesConstraintsReportarethefollowing.
1UnitedNationsPlaza(1927)
79McAllister(1906)
83McAllister(1907)
50UnitedNationsPlaza(1936)
1182MarketStreet(1925)
CEQA Resource Identification at BART Station Entrances
Embarcadero Station Entrances
TherearesixbuildingswithintheEmbarcaderoStationprojectarea,threeofwhichareCEQAhistoricalresources(Table3).TwobuildingsaredesignatedasCategoryBbuildings,andonebuildingisdesignatedasaCategoryCbuildingbytheCityofSanFrancisco.
ThethreeCEQAresourcesareCategoryAbuildings,previouslydeemedhistoricalresourcesforpurposesofCEQAbytheCityofSanFrancisco.
Table 3. Historical Resources in the Embarcadero Station Project Area
CanopyStructure
Resource Address Parcel YearBuilt
MeansbywhichaHistoricalResourceperCEQA
Canopy1 HyattRegency
22Drumm/5TheEmbarcadero
0234017 1972 CategoryBproperty:CityofSanFranciscorequiresfurtherconsultationandreviewtodetermineCEQAhistoricalresourceeligibility.
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CanopyStructure
Resource Address Parcel YearBuilt
MeansbywhichaHistoricalResourceperCEQA
Canopy2 FederalReserveBank
101Market 3712025 1982 CategoryAproperty:CEQAhistoricalresource.2S2statuscode:individualpropertydeterminedeligibleforNRHPbyaconsensusthroughSection106process.ListedintheCRHR.Partofthe2012TransitCenterHistoricResourceSurveyUpdate.
Canopy3 MatsonBuilding
215MarketStreet
3711019 1925 CategoryAproperty:CEQAhistoricalresource.ListedintheNRHP.Localpreservationdesignation:article11Cat:I–SignificantBuilding,NoAlterations.
Canopy4 NA 1California 0264004 1969 CategoryAhistoricalresource.CEQAhistoricalresource.
Canopy5 NA 333Market 3710020 1981 PropertyInformationMapindicatesA–HistoricResourcePresent(EmbarcaderoGarage)
Canopy6 NA 1PineStreet 0265003 1987 C–NoHistoricResourcePresent/NotAgeEligible
CEQA=CaliforniaEnvironmentalQualityAct;CRHR=CaliforniaRegisterofHistoricalResources;NA=NotApplicable;NRHP=NationalRegisterofHistoricPlaces
Montgomery Station Entrances
TherearesixbuildingswithintheMontgomeryStationprojectarea,threeofwhichareCEQAhistoricalresources(Table4).OnebuildingisdesignatedasaCategoryBbuilding,andtwobuildingsaredesignatedasCategoryCbuildingsbytheCityofSanFrancisco.
TwooftheCEQAresourcesareCategoryAbuildings,previouslydeemedhistoricalresourcesforpurposesofCEQAbytheCityofSanFrancisco.ThethirdCEQAresource,thePalaceHotel,isacontributortotheNewMontgomery‐Mission‐SecondStreetConservationDistrict,andisadesignatedCityLandmark.
Table 4. Historical Resources in the Montgomery Station Project Area
CanopyStructure
Resource Address Parcel YearBuilt
MeansbywhichaHistoricalResourceperCEQA
Canopy7 BankofCalifornia
1Sansome 0289003 1908 CategoryAhistoricalresource.CEQAhistoricalresource.
Canopy8 ChevronBuilding
575Market 3708175 1975 CategoryCproperty:NoHistoricResourcePresent/NotAgeEligible
Canopy9 FlatironBuilding
540–548Market
0291001 1913 CityLandmark#155.CategoryA–historicalresource.CEQAhistoricalresource.Localpreservationdesignation:article11Cat:I–SignificantBuilding,NoAlterations.IdentifiedforassociationwithLGBTQhistory(p.207).
Canopy10 NA 595Market 3708059 1978 CategoryCproperty:NoHistoricResourcePresent/NotAgeEligible
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CanopyStructure
Resource Address Parcel YearBuilt
MeansbywhichaHistoricalResourceperCEQA
Canopy11 NA 2–8Montgomery
0291007 1967 CategoryBproperty:CityrequiresfurtherconsultationandreviewtodetermineCEQAhistoricalresourceeligibility.
Canopy12 PalaceHotel
633–665Market
3707052 1909 CityLandmark#18.ContributortotheNewMontgomery‐Mission‐SecondStreetConservationDistrict.CategoryAhistoricalresource.NRHPeligible.CEQAhistoricalresource.
CEQA=CaliforniaEnvironmentalQualityAct;LGBTQ=Lesbian,Gay,Bisexual,Transgender,Questioning;NA=NotApplicable;NRHP=NationalRegisterofHistoricPlaces
Powell Station Entrances
TherearefivebuildingswithinthePowellStationprojectarea,allofwhichareCEQAhistoricalresourcesandcontributorstotheKearny‐Market‐Mason‐SutterConservationDistrict(Table5).
Table 5. Historical Resources in the Powell Station Project Area
Canopy/Escalator Resource Address
Parcel YearBuilt
MeansbywhichaHistoricalResourceperCEQA
Canopy13 PhelanBuilding
760–784Market
0328001 1908 CategoryAhistoricalresource.ContributortotheKearny‐Market‐Mason‐SutterConservationDistrict.Localpreservationdesignation:article11Cat:I–SignificantBuilding,NoAlterations.NRHPeligible.CEQAhistoricalresource.
Canopy14 801and825–833Market
3705Z001and3705037
PIMnodatefor801;1908for825–833
BothbuildingsareCategoryAhistoricalresources.ContributorstotheKearny‐Market‐Mason‐SutterConservationDistrict.CEQAhistoricalresources.
Canopy15 856Market
3705042 1908 CategoryAhistoricalresource.ContributortotheKearny‐Market‐Mason‐SutterConservationDistrict.CEQAhistoricalresource.
Canopy16 HaleBrosDept.StoreBuilding
901–919Market
3704001 1912 ListedintheNRHP.CategoryAhistoricalresource.ContributortotheKearny‐Market‐Mason‐SutterConservationDistrict.Localpreservationdesignation:article11Cat:I–SignificantBuilding,NoAlterations.CEQAhistoricalresource.
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Canopy/Escalator Resource Address
Parcel YearBuilt
MeansbywhichaHistoricalResourceperCEQA
CEQA=CaliforniaEnvironmentalQualityAct;NRHP=NationalRegisterofHistoricPlaces
Civic Center Station Entrances
TherearefivebuildingswithintheCivicCenterStationprojectarea,fourofwhichareCEQAhistoricalresourcesandcontributorstotheCivicCenterHistoricDistrict.OnebuildingisdesignatedasaCategoryCbuildingbytheCityofSanFrancisco(Table6).
Table 6. Historical Resources in the Civic Center Station Project Area
Canopy/Escalator Resource Address
Parcel YearBuilt
MeansbywhichaHistoricalResourceperCEQA
Canopy17 UnitedNationsPlaza
10UnitedNationsPlaza
0351050 1982
CivicCenterCulturalLandscape(http://sf‐planning.org/civic‐center‐cultural‐landscape‐inventory);CivicCenterHistoricDistrict;CivicCenterLandmarkDistrict.CEQAhistoricalresource.
Canopy18 NA 1145Market
3702044 1990 C‐NoHistoricResourcePresent/NotAgeEligible.
Canopy19/20 FederalBuilding
50UnitedNationsPlazaStreet
0351035 1900
ListedintheNRHP/CRHR.CivicCenterCulturalLandscape(http://sf‐planning.org/civic‐center‐cultural‐landscape‐inventory);CivicCenterHistoricDistrict;CivicCenterLandmarkDistrict.CEQAhistoricalresource.
Canopy19/20 NA 1170Market
0351051 1983 CategoryA–HistoricResourcePresent;CivicCenterHistoricDistrict;CivicCenterLandmarkDistrict.CEQAhistoricalresource.
Canopy21 OrpheumTheater
1182‐1192
0351022 CityLandmark#94.CategoryA–historicalresource.ListedinNRHPascontributortoCivicCenterHistoricDistrict.Localpreservationdesignation:article11Cat:I–SignificantBuilding,NoAlterations.CEQAhistoricalresource
Canopy22 NA VACANT 3702390 NA NACEQA=CaliforniaEnvironmentalQualityAct;CRHR=CaliforniaRegisterofHistoricalResources;NA=NotApplicable;NRHP=NationalRegisterofHistoricPlaces
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Resource Identification Conclusions
Cultural Landscapes
Market Street Cultural Landscape
TheMarketStreetCulturalLandscapeisconsideredeligiblefortheNRHPandCRHRunderthreeseparatesignificancethemes.Theseinclude1)MarketStreet’sroleasSanFrancisco’smaincirculationarteryandfacilitatorofurbandevelopment,withaperiodofsignificancefrom1847to1929(NRHPCriterionAandCRHRCriterion1);2)MarketStreet’sroleasavenueforcivicengagementinSanFranciscofromthe1870sto1979(NRHPCriterionAandCRHRCriterion1);and3)MarketStreet’sroleasanexampleoftheworkofmasterarchitectsMarioCiampiandJohnWarneckeandmasterlandscapearchitectLawrenceHalprinwithaperiodofsignificanceof1979(NRHPCriterionCandCRHRCriterion3).Foreachofthethreesignificancethemes,character‐definingfeaturesarepresent.Assuch,theMarketStreetCulturalLandscapecanbesaidtoconveyitshistoricsignificancesandretainintegrity.Forthefirsttwosignificancethemes,itismostessentialforcharacter‐definingfeaturesthatsupportintegrityoflocation,setting,design,andassociationtoberetained,giventhoseaspectsbestexpressaresource’splace,physicalcontext,forms,andprocesses.Alterationstothelandscapethatundermineintegrityofmaterialsandworkmanshipmaybeacceptableifsuchalterationsarecompatiblewiththeexistinglandscapeanddonothindertheresource’sabilitytoconveyitssignificance.Forthethirdsignificancetheme,itismostessentialforcharacter‐definingfeaturesthatsupportintegrityoflocation,design,materials,workmanship,andassociationtoberetained,giventhoseaspectsbestexpressaresource’splace,forms,physicalcomponents,qualityoflabor,andprocesses.AlterationstothelandscapethatundermineintegrityofmaterialsandworkmanshipmaybeacceptableaslongasthelandscaperetainsitsoverallabilitytorepresenttheMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlandesign.Aframeworkforanalyzingpotentialimpactsontheresourcesincludesconsiderationofpermanentrelocationorremovalofcharacter‐definingfeatures,alterationtocharacter‐definingfeaturesthatunderminesthepedestrianexperience,alterationtoarepeatingpatternthatiscurrentlypresentasaunifyingelementacrossthelandscape,alterationthatunderminesarticulationofaminimaldesign,obscuringofopenviewsandvistas,oralterationtoplazasettings.
United Nations Plaza
UnitedNationsPlazawasfoundtobeeligibleunderNRHPCriterionAandCRHRCriterion1foritsroleasthevenueusedfornationallysignificanteventsimportanttotheelevationofLGBTQissuestonationwideattention,includingtheGayFreedomDayParadesandthefirstcivildisobedienceprotestagainsttheAIDSepidemicanywhereintheworld.UnitedNationsPlazaisalsoeligibleunderNRHPCriterionCandCRHRCriterion3foritsassociationwithmasterlandscapearchitectLawrenceHalprin,asitrepresentsanexampleofhisworkthatelevatedtheinfluenceoflandscapearchitectureasadisciplineimportanttourbandevelopment,particularlyintermsofconsideringthehumanexperienceandtheexistingbuiltenvironmentwithintheredevelopmentprocess.TheperiodofsignificanceforUnitedNationsPlazais1976to1985.Forthesesignificancethemes,character‐definingfeaturesarepresent.Assuch,theUnitedNationsPlazalandscapecanbesaidtoconveyitshistoricsignificancesandretainintegrity.ForUnitedNationsPlazaintegrityoflocation,design,materials,workmanship,andassociationaremostimportant,astheyconveyplace,form,physicalcomponents,qualityoflabor,andprocessesassociatedwiththeplaza’ssignificance.However,alterationstothelandscapethatundermineintegrityofmaterialsandworkmanshipmaybe
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acceptableifsuchalterationsarecompatiblewiththeexistinglandscapeanddonothindertheresource’sabilitytoconveyitssignificance.Aframeworkforanalyzingpotentialimpactsontheresourceincludesconsiderationofpermanentrelocationorremovalofcharacter‐definingfeatures,alterationtocharacter‐definingfeaturesinsuchwaysthatunderminethepedestrianexperience,alterationthatunderminesarticulationofaminimaldesign,obscuringofopenviewsandvistas,oralterationtoplazasetting.
San Francisco Civic Center Historic District
SanFranciscoCivicCenterHistoricDistrictCulturalLandscapeissignificantforitsassociationwitheventsandarchitecturalstylesconnectedtothePanama‐PacificInternationalExposition,theBeauxArtsCivicCenterPlan,theformationoftheUnitedNations,andtheUnitedStatespeacetreatywithJapan.TheperiodofsignificancefortheCivicCenterHistoricDistrictis1896to1951.TheCulturalLandscapeInventoryacknowledgesthatevaluationoftheworkofknownmasterlandscapearchitectLawrenceHalprinandhisworkassociatedwithBART,MarketStreet,andtheUnitedNationsPlazawasbeyondthescopeofthe2014reportandrequiredfurtherstudy.Forthepurposesofthisreport,conclusionsforthatperiodofsignificanceareaddressedintheprecedingdiscussionofUnitedNationsPlaza.Aframeworkforanalyzingpotentialimpactstobuildingfaçadesarenotaddressedastheyareremovedfromtheproposedimprovementsbyatleast12feetandbecausetheproposedimprovementswouldbeconsistentwiththedynamicurbanlandscapethatcharacterizesthesettingoftheCivicCenterHistoricDistrictovertimeandwouldhavelimitedpotentialtoimpactcharacter‐definingfeaturesassociatedwiththeCivicCenterHistoricDistrict.
Individual Architectural Resources
Threehistoricdistrictsand16buildingslocatedincloseproximitytothe21proposedcanopysitesqualifyasCEQAhistoricalresources.AlthoughtheentrancecanopieswouldintroduceanewstreetscapeelementonMarketStreetwithinhistoricdistrictsthatqualifyasCEQAhistoricalresources,theproposedprojectdoesnotrequirephysicalchangestoanyofthebuildingslocatedintheprojectsitevicinity.Noneofthehistoricdistrictsthatwouldincludecanopyinstallationidentifiedthestreetscapeasacharacter‐definingfeatureofthedistrict.
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Chapter 5 References
Birnbaum,CharlesA.n.d. NationalParkServiceGuidelinesfortheTreatmentofCulturalLandscapes.
Available:https://www.nps.gov/tps/standards/four‐treatments/landscapeguidelines/index.htm.Accessed:August12,2016.
ICFInternational2015 DraftHistoricalResourceEvaluationBetterMarketStreetProject,MarketStreet,San
Francisco,CA.May2015.PreparedfortheSanFranciscoDepartmentofPublicWorks.
ICF2016 CulturalLandscapeEvaluation,BetterMarketStreetProject,MarketStreet,SanFrancisco,
CA.November.PreparedbyICF,SanFrancisco,CA.
Keller,TimothyJ.,Keller,Genevieve,andLandandCommunityAssociates.Charlottesville,VA.1987 NationalRegisterBulletin18:HowtoEvaluateandNominateDesignedHistoric
Landscapes.NationalParkService.Available:https://www.nps.gov/nr/publications/bulletins/pdfs/nrb18.pdf.Accessed:April18,2016.
MIG2015 SanFranciscoCivicCenterHistoricDistrictCulturalLandscapeInventory:SiteHistory,
ExistingConditions&Evaluation.June.PreparedbyMIG,inassociationwithA&HArchitecture&Planning,LLC,Berkeley,CA.
Page,RobertR.,Gilbert,CathyA.,andDolan,SusanA.1998 AGuidetoCulturalLandscapeReports:Contents,ProcessandTechniques.U.S.
DepartmentoftheInterior,NationalParkService,CulturalResourceStewardshipPartnerships,ParkHistoricStructuresandCulturalLandscapesProgram.Washington,DistrictofColumbia.Available:https://www.nps.gov/cultural_landscapes/Documents/Guide_to_Cultural_Landscapes.pdf.Accessed:February3,2016.
Page,RobertR.,Killion,Jeffrey,andHilyard,Gretchen
2009 NationalParkServiceCulturalLandscapesInventoryProfessionalProceduresGuide.U.S. DepartmentoftheInterior,NationalParkService,CulturalResourceStewardship Partnerships,ParkHistoricStructuresandCulturalLandscapesProgram.Washington, DistrictofColumbia.Available:https://www.nps.gov/oclp/CLI%20PPG_January2009_ small.pdf.Accessed:February3,2016.
Appendix A Character Defining Features of
Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District
Appendix ACharacter Defining Features of Market Street Landscape and United Nations
Plaza
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
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Table A‐1. Character Defining Features of the Market Street Cultural Landscape: Market Street as a Main Circulation Artery
ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
MarketStreetCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeatureIntegrityAnalysis
Throughoutstreetscape
SpatialOrganization
Alignmentasaxis Extant MarketStreetremainsanaxisconnectingtheeasternwaterfrontwiththesouthwestinterior,orienteddiagonally,visuallyconnectingTwinPeakswiththeFerryBuilding.Retainedalignmentcontributestointegrityoflocation,design,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
SpatialOrganization
Gridalignment Extant MarketStreetretainsitsalignmentasameetingplacebetweentwodiscordantgridslaidoverthecity’stypography,orientedperpendicularlytothestreetgridinthesouth.Retainedalignmentcontributestointegrityoflocation,design,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
SpatialOrganization
Linearplan Extant MarketStreet’slinearplanfromtheeasternterminusofMarketStreetwesttoCastroStreetremainsintactasatransportationartery,contributingtointegrityoflocation,design,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
ClusterArrangement
Presenceofmulti‐modaltransportationsystems
Extant Whilesomespecifictransportationsystemsandspecificassociatedfeaturesarenotretainedfromtheearliesterasoftheperiodofsignificance,MarketStreetretainsthepresenceofmulti‐modaltransportationsystemsclusteredalongMarketStreet.ThesesystemsofmovementexpressMarketStreet’sroleasSanFrancisco’smaincirculationartery.Retainedarrangementcontributestointegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Throughoutstreetscape
Circulation Sidewalks Partial MarketStreetsidewalksretainintegrityoflocation.Useofsidewalksasasystemforpedestriancirculationsupport’sMarketStreet’sretentionofintegrityofassociation.However,thesidewalkshavebeenalteredsincetheperiodofsignificanceanddonotretainintegrityofdesign(width),materials,workmanship,orfeeling.NopotentialforimpactbyinsertionofBARTcanopies.
Throughoutstreetscape
Circulation Roadway Partial MarketStreetretainsthepresenceofroadwaysforuseasavehiclecirculationsystem,whichcontributestointegrityofassociation.However,theroadwayhasbeenalteredsincetheperiodofsignificanceanddoesnotretainintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,orfeeling.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District
Appendix ACharacter Defining Features of
Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
A‐2 July 2017
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ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
MarketStreetCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeatureIntegrityAnalysis
Throughoutstreetscape
Circulation Rails Partial MarketStreetretainsthepresenceofrailsforstreetcarandcablecarcirculation,whichcontributetointegrityofassociation.However,therailshavebeenalteredsincetheperiodofsignificanceanddonotretainintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,orfeeling.
Throughoutstreetscape
Circulation Electriccatenarywiresystem
Partial MarketStreetretainsthepresenceofelectriccatenaryforstreetcarcirculation,whichcontributetointegrityofassociation.However,theelectriccatenaryhavebeenalteredsincetheperiodofsignificanceanddoesnotretainintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,orfeeling.
BARTentrance1 Circulation Cablecarturnarounds Extant MarketStreetretainsthepresenceofcablecarturnarounds,whichcontributetointegrityofdesign,material,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
Topography Grade Extant MarketStreet’sgradeelevationincreasesfromeasttowestasduringitsperiodofsignificance,andcontributestointegrityofdesign,material,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
BuildingsandStructures
Landmarkbuildings Extant RetentionofbuildingsandstructuresconstructedalongMarketStreetforstrategicadvantage(practicalutilityofaccesstoMarketStreet’smaincirculationartery,aswellasforthepurposeofdisplayingwealthandsuccess)contributestointegrityofsetting,design,material,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
ViewsandVistas
Lineofsightfromeasttowest
Extant Lineofsightfromeasttowestisretained,includingviewofTwinPeaksandSunset,andcontributestointegrityofsetting,design,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
ViewsandVistas
Lineofsightwesttoeast Extant Lineofsightfromwesttoeastisretained,includingviewofMarketStreet’slengthterminatingattheFerryBuilding,andcontributestointegrityofsetting,design,feeling,andassociation.
Notapplicable/NotadjacenttoaBARTentrance
ViewsandVistas
ViewofMarketStreetfromTwinPeaks
Extant ViewofMarketStreetfrompointsneartheridgeanddowntheeasternslopeofTwinPeaksareretainedandcontributetoMarketStreet’sintegrityofsetting,design,feeling,andassociation.
Notapplicable/NotadjacenttoaBARTentrance
ConstructedWaterFeatures
Lotta’sFountain Extant Retainedfrompre‐MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanMarketStreetdevelopmentandcontributestointegrityofdesign,materials,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District
Appendix ACharacter Defining Features of
Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
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ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
MarketStreetCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeatureIntegrityAnalysis
Throughoutstreetscape
Small‐ScaleFeatures
PathofGoldLightStandards
Partial PathofGoldLightStandardsarereplicasanddonotretainintegrityofmaterialsandworkmanship,butdoretainintegrityoflocation,design,feeling,andassociation.Thus,existingPathofGoldLightStandardsfromJustinHermanPlazatoValenciaStreetcontributetoMarketStreet’sintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
Small‐ScaleFeatures
AWSSfirehydrants Extant AWSS,featuresretainedfrompre‐MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanMarketStreetdevelopmentareingoodcondition.WhiletheywerepresentthroughoutthecityduringtheperiodofsignificanceandarenotexclusivelycomponentsofMarketStreet,theyarefeaturesthatcontributetothestreetscape’sintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Notapplicable/NotadjacenttoaBARTentrance
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Samuel’sClock Extant Retainedfrompre‐MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanMarketStreetdevelopmentandcontributestointegrityofdesign,materials,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Notapplicable/NotadjacenttoaBARTentrance
Small‐ScaleFeatures
MechanicsMonument Extant Retainedfrompre‐MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanMarketStreetdevelopmentandcontributestointegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
BARTentrance11 Small‐ScaleFeatures
CaliforniaStatehoodMonument
Extant Retainedfrompre‐MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanMarketStreetdevelopmentandcontributestointegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Throughoutstreetscape
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Emergencycallboxes Extant Retainedfrompre‐MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanMarketStreetdevelopmentandcontributestointegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Source:TableeditedfromICF.“Table6‐1.FeatureAnalysisTable:marketStreetasaMainCirculationArtery”CulturalLandscapeEvaluation,BetterMarketStreetProject,MarketStreet,SanFrancisco,CA.(2016),6‐3–6‐6.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District
Appendix ACharacter Defining Features of
Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
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Table A‐2. Character Defining Features of the Market Street Cultural Landscape: Market Street as a Venue for Civic Engagement
ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
MarketStreetCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeatureIntegrityAnalysis
Throughoutstreetscape
SpatialOrganization
Verticalityofstreetscape Extant BuildingsthatlineMarketStreetarticulateverticalplanesthatdefinethespaceforprocessionatstreetlevel,butalsoestablishMarketStreetasanamphitheaterwithanaudienceelevatedwithinbuildingsabove.Assuch,retainedalignmentcontributestointegrityofsettingforMarketStreet.
Throughoutstreetscape
SpatialOrganization
Gridalignment Extant MarketStreetretainsitsalignmentasameetingplacebetweentwodiscordantgridslaidoverthecity’stypography,orientedperpendicularlytothestreetgridinthesouth.Retainedalignmentcontributestointegrityoflocation,design,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
ClusterArrangement
PlazaarrangementalongMarketStreet
Extant WhileJustinHermanPlaza,RobertFrostPlaza,MechanicsMonumentPlaza,MarkTwainPlaza,CrockerPlaza,HallidiePlaza,andUnitedNationsPlazawerenotpresentalongMarketStreetduringtheentireperiodofsignificance,theywereaddedasopenspacesforpublicgatheringduringtheperiodofsignificanceandremainintactasplacesalongtheprocessionalrouteforparticipantandaudiencegathering.Retainedarrangementcontributestointegrityofdesign,location,setting,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Throughoutstreetscape
ClusterArrangement
North‐southintersections Extant North‐southintersectionsclusteredalongMarketStreetremainintactaslocationsthatallowparticipantsandaudiencesofcivicengagementactivitiesaccesstoeast‐westprocessionalroutefromthenorthernandsouthernstreetgrids.Assuch,theseintersectionscontributetointegrityofdesign,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
CirculationFeatures
Sidewalks Partial MarketStreetretainsthepresenceofsidewalksforpedestriancirculationandaudienceparticipationduringpublicengagementevents,whichcontributetointegrityofdesignandassociation.Thesidewalkshavebeenalteredsincethe1870s–1967segmentoftheperiodofsignificanceanddonotretainintegrityofdesign(widthalteration),materials,workmanshiporfeeling.FortheMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanera,sidewalksdoretainintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District
Appendix ACharacter Defining Features of
Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
A‐5 July 2017
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ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
MarketStreetCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeatureIntegrityAnalysis
Throughoutstreetscape
CirculationFeatures
Roadway Partial MarketStreetretainsthepresenceofroadwaysusedastherouteforpublicprocessioninprotestandcelebration,whichcontributetointegrityofassociation.However,theroadwaywidthhasbeenalteredsincethe1870s–1967segmentoftheperiodofsignificanceanddonotretainintegrityofmaterials,workmanship,orfeeling.FortheMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanera,roadwaydoesretainmoderateintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
Topography Grade Extant MarketStreet’sgraderemainsrelativelyflatalongMarketStreetfromtheEmbarcaderotoCastroStreet,butincreasesfromeasttowestasduringitsperiodofsignificance,andcontributestointegrityofdesign,material,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
ViewsandVistas
Broadviewofstreetscape Partial Broadviewofstreetscapefromsidewalksandintersectionsremainsintact,offeringvisualaccesstoaudienceatstreetlevelandinbuildingstoprocessionsdownMarketStreet.However,theviewisdiminishedslightlybytheadditionofMunihigh‐lowstructuresinthestreet.Assuch,thevistacontributestointegrityofdesign,feeling,andassociation.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
ViewsandVistas
VistaofCityHallfromUnitedNationsPlaza
Partial VistaofCityHallfromUnitedNationsPlazaremainsintact,offeringvisualconnectionbetweentheplazagatheringspaceandtheseatofgovernment.However,theviewisdiminishedslightlyfromsomevantagepointsbytheBolivarstatue,whichpartiallyobstructstheviewofCityHallwhenobserversarestandingintheUnitedNationsPlazaFultonpromenade.Assuch,thevistacontributestointegrityofdesign,feeling,andassociation.
Notapplicable/NotadjacenttoaBARTentrance
ViewsandVistas
JustinHermanPlazaopenspace
Extant ViewofJustinHermanopenspaceremainsintact,offeringvisualaccesstomassgatherings.Assuch,theviewcontributestoMarketStreet’sintegrityofdesign,feeling,andassociation.
Notapplicable/NotadjacenttoaBARTentrance
ConstructedWaterFeatures
Lotta’sFountain Extant Lotta’sFountainisretainedfrompre‐MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanMarketStreetdevelopmentandcontributestointegrityofdesign,materials,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District
Appendix ACharacter Defining Features of
Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
A‐6 July 2017
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ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
MarketStreetCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeatureIntegrityAnalysis
Throughoutstreetscape
Small‐ScaleFeatures
PathofGoldLightStandards
Partial PathofGoldLightStandardsarereplicasanddonotretainintegrityofmaterialsandworkmanship,butdoretainintegrityoflocation,design,feeling,andassociation.Thus,existingPathofGoldLightStandardsfromJustinHermanPlazatoValenciastreetretainenoughintegrityoveralltocontributetoMarketStreet’sintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Throughoutstreetscape
Small‐ScaleFeatures
AWSSfirehydrants Extant Retainedinfrastructurecontributestointegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Notapplicable/NotadjacenttoaBARTentrance
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Samuel’sClock Extant Retainedmonumentcontributestointegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Notapplicable/NotadjacenttoaBARTentrance
Small‐ScaleFeatures
MechanicsMonument Extant Retainedmonumentcontributestointegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
BARTentrance11
Small‐ScaleFeatures
CaliforniaStatehoodMonument
Extant Retainedmonumentcontributestointegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
AWSS=AuxiliaryWaterSupplySystem;BART=BayAreaRapidTransit;Muni=SanFranciscoMunicipalRailwayNote:TableeditedfromICF.“Table6‐2.FeatureAnalysisTable:MarketStreetasaVenueforCivicEngagement,”CulturalLandscapeEvaluation,BetterMarketStreetProject,MarketStreet,SanFrancisco,CA.(2016),6‐11–6‐13.
Table A‐3. Character Defining Features of the Market Street Cultural Landscape: Market Street Redevelopment Plan Landscape
ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
MarketStreetCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeaturesIntegrityAnalysis
Throughoutstreetscape
NaturalSystemsandFeatures
Sunlightchanneledthroughnortherndiagonalstreetgridintotriangularplazas
Extant Streetalignmentthatallowsthisbenefitremainsintactandcontributestointegrityofsettingforthestreetscape.
Throughoutstreetscape
SpatialOrganization
Alignmentof120‐foot‐widestreet,diagonallyfromeasttowest
Extant MarketStreetremainsinitsMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlan‐eraalignmentandwidth,establishingintegrityoflocationandcontributingtointegrityofdesignforthestreetscape.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District
Appendix ACharacter Defining Features of
Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
A‐7 July 2017
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ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
MarketStreetCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeaturesIntegrityAnalysis
Throughoutstreetscape
SpatialOrganization
Pedestrian‐orientedseparationoffoot,vehicle,andrailtraffic
Partial Reintroductionofstreetcarandtrolleytransitusingelectricoverheadcatenarywiretostreet‐levelunderminesintegrityofdesign,feeling,andassociationfortheMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlan‐erastreetscape.
Notapplicable/NotadjacenttoaBARTentranceunderconsideration
SpatialOrganization
JustinHermanPlaza Partial SignificantalterationstoJustinHermanPlazafeatures,alongwithadditionofnewfeatures,undermineintegrityoftheplaza,butsufficientintegrityoflocation,design,setting,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociationremaintoexpressroleasanorganizingfeatureofMarketStreet.
Notapplicable/NotadjacenttoaBARTentranceunderconsideration
SpatialOrganization
HallidiePlaza Partial AlterationstoHallidiePlazafeatures,alongwithadditionofnewfeatures,undermineintegrityoftheplaza,butsufficientintegrityoflocation,design,setting,materials,workmanship,feelingandassociationremaintoexpressroleasanorganizingfeatureofMarketStreet.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
SpatialOrganization
UnitedNationsPlaza Partial AlterationstoUnitedNationsPlazafeatures,alongwithadditionofnewfeatures,undermineintegrityoftheplaza,butsufficientintegrityoflocation,design,setting,materials,workmanship,feelingandassociationremaintoexpressroleasanorganizingfeatureofMarketStreet.
BARTentrance1 SpatialOrganization
RobertFrostPlaza Partial Minoralterationtosmall‐scalefeaturesundermineintegrityoftheplaza,butsufficientintegrityoflocation,design,setting,materials,workmanship,feelingandassociationremaintoexpressroleasanorganizingfeatureofMarketStreet.
Notapplicable/NotadjacenttoaBARTentranceunderconsideration
SpatialOrganization
MechanicsMonumentPlaza
Partial Redesignoftheplazahassignificantlyunderminedintegrity,butsufficientintegrityoflocation,design,setting,materials,workmanship,feelingandassociationremaintoexpressroleasanorganizingfeatureofMarketStreet.
Notapplicable/NotadjacenttoaBARTentranceunderconsideration
SpatialOrganization
CrockerPlaza Partial AlterationstoCrockerPlazaundermineintegrity,butsufficientintegrityoflocation,design,setting,materials,workmanship,feelingandassociationremaintoexpressroleasanorganizingfeatureofMarketStreet.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District
Appendix ACharacter Defining Features of
Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
A‐8 July 2017
ICF 00203.17
ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
MarketStreetCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeaturesIntegrityAnalysis
Notapplicable/NotadjacenttoaBARTentranceunderconsideration
SpatialOrganization
MarkTwainPlaza Extant MarkTwainPlazahassufferedlittlepost‐MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlan‐eraalteration.Sufficientintegrityoflocation,design,setting,materials,workmanship,feelingandassociationremaintoexpressroleasanorganizingfeatureofMarketStreet.
Notapplicablebasedonanalysis
SpatialOrganization
MarketStreetPlaza ‐ GivenconstructionmaybemorecloselyrelatedtoYerbaBuenaCenterredevelopment,statusandprioritylevelarenotassigned.
Throughoutstreetscape
ClusterArrangement
PlazaplacementalonglengthofMarketStreet
Extant ArrangementoflargeandsmallplazasalongmarketstreetremainsconsistentwithMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlandesignandcontributestointegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Throughoutstreetscape
ClusterArrangement
RepeatingpatternofBART/MunisubwayentrancesalonglengthofMarketStreet
Extant ArrangementofentrancesalongthelengthofMarketStreetremainsconsistentwithMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlandesignandcontributestodesign,setting,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
ClusterArrangement
Repeatingpatternofsmall‐scalefurnishings
Lost Withlossofsomesmall‐scalefeatures,arrangementalongthelengthofMarketStreetisnotconsistentwithMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlandesignanddiminishesintegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Throughoutstreetscape
ClusterArrangement
Repeatingpatternofstreetsignage(squareandcircular)
Partial FewMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlan‐erastreetsignsremainintact;thus,repeatingpatternisnotdiscernable.Thisreplacementoforiginalsignageunderminesintegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Throughoutstreetscape
ClusterArrangement
Repeatingpatternoftrafficlightsandtrafficsignage
Extant ArrangementoftrafficlightsandtrafficsignagealongthelengthofMarketStreetremainsconsistentwithMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlandesignandcontributestodesign,setting,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Throughoutstreetscape
ClusterArrangement
Arrangementofstreettreesindoubleandsinglerowsdownsidewalks
Extant Arrangementindouble‐andsingle‐treealléesalongsidewalksflankingMarketStreet,appearstobeintactandcontributestointegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District
Appendix ACharacter Defining Features of
Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
A‐9 July 2017
ICF 00203.17
ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
MarketStreetCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeaturesIntegrityAnalysis
Throughoutstreetscape
Circulation Redbrickpavinginherringbonepatternthatdistinguishespedestrianfromvehicularspace
Extant Originalbrickpavingcontinuestounifycirculationsidewalkandplazacirculationroutes,butismissingfromcrosswalks.Integrityofdesign,material,workmanship,feeling,andassociationarediminishedslightly.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Circulation DecorativepavingatMarketandSteuartStreets
Lost Thecirculardecorativepavingisnolongerpresentonthestreetscape.Lossdiminishesintegrityofdesign,material,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Circulation Granitegutter,crosswalkedging,andlowerMarketStreetcenterlinepaving
Lost Thiselementisnolongerpresentonthestreetscape.Lossdiminishesintegrityofdesign,material,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
AllCanopyLocations
Circulation Treeallées(doubleandsinglerows)
Extant Treescontinuetocreatepedestrianlanesonthesidewalks,contributingtointegrityofdesign,feeling,andassociation.
AllBARTEntranceLocations
Circulation Verticalcirculationfeatures(elevator,escalator,andstairs)ofBART/Munistations(CivicCenter,Embarcadero,Montgomery,andPowell)andMuni‐onlystation(VanNess)
Extant Verticalcirculationfeaturescontinuetoallowpedestrianmovementfromstreetleveltoundergroundtransit,contributingtointegrityofdesign,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
Vegetation Streettrees Extant OriginalspeciesremainsintactforstreettreesalongMarketStreet,contributingtointegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
BARTentrances1‐6,7‐12,13‐16,and17‐22.
BuildingsandStructures
BART/Munistationstreetentrances:EmbarcaderoStation,MontgomeryStationPowellStation,CivicCenterStation
Partial Minimaldesign—form,location,andmaterialselection—continuestoreduceimpactoftransitpresenceonthestreet‐levelpedestrianexperienceandcontributestointegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociation,butsomeexampleshavesecuritygateadditionsandalterationstofinishesandrailingthatundermineintegrityofdesign.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District
Appendix ACharacter Defining Features of
Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
A‐10 July 2017
ICF 00203.17
ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
MarketStreetCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeaturesIntegrityAnalysis
Throughoutstreetscape
BuildingsandStructures
VanNessMunistationstreetentrances
Partial Minimaldesign—form,location,andmaterialselection—continuestoreduceimpactoftransitpresenceonthestreet‐levelpedestrianexperienceandcontributestointegrityofdesign,setting,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
ViewsandVistas
RetainedviewofCityHallfromMarketStreet
Partial
ConnectionbetweenpedestriansonMarketStreetandviewofCityHallisretained,butintegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociationareslightlydiminishedbypresenceofstatueobstructingsightline.
Throughoutstreetscape
ViewsandVistas
RetainedbroadviewofMarketStreetwidth
Partial Viewremainsunobstructedinmanylocationsandallowsvisualconnectionbetweenpedestriansandthestreetscape.ObstructionshavebeenintroducedinsomelocationsintheformofMuniboardingstructuresandbusshelters.Theseadditionsslightlydiminishintegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociation.
Notapplicable/NotadjacenttoaBARTentranceunderconsideration
ConstructedWaterFeatures
Lotta’sFountain Extant Retainedwaterfeatureremainsintact,contributestointegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociation.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Wood‐slatbenches Lost Lossdiminishesintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Backlessstonebenches Lost Lossdiminishesintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
BARTEntrance19and20
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Granitebollardswithchainlinks
Partial Bollardscontributetointegrityofdesign,workmanship,feeling,andassociation,butintegrityofmaterialisslightlydiminishedwithmissingchainlinksandpaintcoveringstoneinsomelocations.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Bronzebusshelters Lost Lossdiminishesintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Graniteandbronzedrinkingfountains
Lost Lossdiminishesintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
Small‐ScaleFeatures
BronzeBART/Munistreetlevelelevators
Partial Locationsremainbutdesign,materialsandworkmanshiparealtered.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District
Appendix ACharacter Defining Features of
Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
A‐11 July 2017
ICF 00203.17
ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
MarketStreetCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeaturesIntegrityAnalysis
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Bronzelightstandards,poleswithsquaretranslucentluminaries
Lost Lossdiminishesintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Bronzecircularadvertisingkiosks
Lost LossofcircularadvertisingkiosksontheMarketStreetstreetscapediminishesintegrityofdesign,feeling,andassociation.
BARTentrance1and9
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Bronzefour‐sidedstreetclocks
Extant Presenceonstreetscapecontributestointegrityofdesign,materials,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Streetsignage Partial Presenceonstreetscapecontributestointegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Semaphore‐styletrafficsignageandtrafficlights
Extant Presenceonstreetscapecontributestointegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Bronzetelephonebooths Lost Lossdiminishesintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Bronzetreegrates Partial WhilethemajorityoftreelocationsretaintheirMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlan‐eragrates,anotablenumberhavebeenremoved,diminishingintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Bronzetrashreceptacles Lost Lossdiminishesintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
Throughoutstreetscape
Small‐ScaleFeatures
PathofGoldLightStandards
Extant Retainedfeaturesthatpre‐datetheMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanremainintact,continuetocontributetointegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Throughoutstreetscape
Small‐ScaleFeatures
AWSSfirehydrants Extant Retainedfeaturesthatpre‐datetheMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanremainintact,continuetocontributetointegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Notapplicable/NotadjacenttoaBARTentranceunderconsideration
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Samuel’sClock Extant Retainedfeaturesthatpre‐datetheMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanremainintact,continuetocontributetointegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District
Appendix ACharacter Defining Features of
Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
A‐12 July 2017
ICF 00203.17
ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
MarketStreetCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeaturesIntegrityAnalysis
BARTEntrance11
Small‐ScaleFeatures
CaliforniaStatehoodMonument
Extant Retainedfeaturesthatpre‐datetheMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanremainintact,continuetocontributetointegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
Throughoutstreetscape
Small‐ScaleFeatures
Emergencycallboxes Extant Retainedfeaturesthatpre‐datetheMarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanremainintact,continuetocontributetointegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociationforthestreetscape.
AWSS=AuxiliaryWaterSupplySystem;BART=BayAreaRapidTransit;Muni=SanFranciscoMunicipalRailwayNote:TableeditedfromICF.“Table6‐3.FeatureAnalysisTable:MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlanLandscape,”CulturalLandscapeEvaluation,BetterMarketStreetProject,MarketStreet,SanFrancisco,CA.(2016),6‐19–6‐25.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District
Appendix ACharacter Defining Features of
Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
A‐13 July 2017
ICF 00203.17
Table A‐4. Character Defining Features of the United Nations Plaza
ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
UnitedNationsPlazaCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeaturesIntegrityAnalysis
BARTentrance17,19,and20
SpatialOrganization
LocatedalongMarketStreetbetween7thand8thStreet
Extant Theplaza’splacementremainsconsistent,contributingtointegrityoflocation.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
SpatialOrganization
Triangularplanwithtwolinearpromenadesprojectingnorthandwest
Extant Theplaza’splanremainsconsistent,contributingtointegrityofdesign,feeling,andassociation.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
SpatialOrganization
Placementoffountainineasternsection
Extant Placementofthefountainremainsconsistent,contributingtointegrityofdesign,feeling,andassociation.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
Circulation Multi‐modaltransportationaccesspoint
Extant Accesstomulti‐modaltransportationremainsintact,contributingtointegrityofdesign,material,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
Circulation VerticalcirculationforCivicCenterBART/Munistationincludingstairandescalator
Extant Verticalcirculationfeaturesremainintact,contributingtointegrityofdesign,material,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
Circulation Twopedestriancirculationaxes
Extant FultonStreeteast‐westandLeavenworthStreetnorth‐southaxisconfigurationremainsintact,contributingtointegrityofdesign,material,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
Circulation Redbrickpavinginherringbonepattern
Extant Pavingremainsintact,contributingtointegrityofdesign,material,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
Vegetation Trees Extant Treerowsremainintact,contributingtointegrityofdesign,material,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
BARTentrance19and20
Vegetation Plantingbeds Partial BedsinFultonpromenadeandadjacenttoBART/Munistationremainintact,butgrassismostlyreplacedwithdecomposedgranite,contributingtointegrityofdesign,material,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
ViewsandVistas
ViewofCityHall Partial ViewofCityHallobscuredbySimonBolivarStatue,diminishesintegrityofdesign,setting,feeling,andassociation.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
ConstructedWaterFeatures
UnitedNationsPlazaFountain
Extant Fountainremainsintact,contributingtointegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District
Appendix ACharacter Defining Features of
Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
A‐14 July 2017
ICF 00203.17
ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
UnitedNationsPlazaCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeaturesIntegrityAnalysis
BARTentrance17,19,and20
ConstructedWaterFeatures
“Oceanpools”and“earthtides”watercycleofUnitedNationsPlazaFountain
Extant Lossof“earthtide”cycleisnotpermanentand,therefore,doesnotsignificantlydiminishintegrity.Archedjetsofwaterand“oceanpools”remainintactandcontributetointegrityofdesign,feeling,andassociation.NopotentialimpactfrominstallationofBARTcanopy.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
SmallScaleFeatures
GranitelightstandardsinFultonpromenade
Partial Lightstandardshavebeenmodified,diminishingintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.PotentialimpactifcompleteBARTcanopyinstallationorconstructionrelatedtoBARTcanopyinstallationrequirespermanentrelocationorremovalofgranitelightstandards.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
SmallScaleFeatures
Lightpolesatfountain Extant Lightpolesareintact,contributingtointegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.NopotentialimpactfrominsertionofBARTCanopy.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
SmallScaleFeatures
Wood‐slatbenches Lost Lossdiminishesintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.Potentialimpactanalysisnotapplicable.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
SmallScaleFeatures
Flagpoleswithradialbasedesign
Extant Flagpolesareintact,contributingtointegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.NopotentialimpactfrominstallationofBARTcanopy.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
SmallScaleFeatures
Granitepavingwithbrassinlay
Extant MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlan‐eragranitepavingwithbrassinlayisintact,contributingtointegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.NopotentialimpactfrominstallationofBARTcanopy.
BARTentrance17,19,and20
SmallScaleFeatures
Stonemonument Extant MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlan‐erastonemonumentintact,contributingtointegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.NopotentialimpactfrominstallationofBARTcanopy.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
SmallScaleFeatures
Advertisingkiosk Lost MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlan‐eraadvertisingkioskdoesnotappeartobeintact.Lossdiminishesintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.NopotentialimpactfrominstallationofBARTcanopy.
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District
Appendix ACharacter Defining Features of
Market Street Landscape and United Nations Plaza
Historical Resources Inventory Report for the BART Phase II Canopy and Escalator Modernization Project, Market Street, San Francisco, California
A‐15 July 2017
ICF 00203.17
ContributingFeature/CanopyLocation
LandscapeCharacteristicCategory
UnitedNationsPlazaCharacter‐DefiningFeature
Status Character‐DefiningFeaturesIntegrityAnalysis
BARTentrance19and20
SmallScaleFeatures
Bollards Extant MarketStreetRedevelopmentPlan‐eraBollardsadjacenttoBART/Munientranceremainintact,contributingtointegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.PotentialimpactifcompleteBARTcanopyinstallationorconstructionrelatedtoBARTcanopyinstallationrequirespermanentremovalorrelocationofbollards.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Post‐PlazaCompletionFeatures
Wayfindingsignage Addedafterperiodofsignificance
Additiondiminishesintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.Potentialimpactanalysisnotapplicable.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Post‐PlazaCompletionFeatures
Publictoilet Addedafterperiodofsignificance
Additiondiminishesintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.Potentialimpactanalysisnotapplicable.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Post‐PlazaCompletionFeatures
1995UnitedNations50thAnniversarystonemonument
Addedafterperiodofsignificance
Whilenewmonumentwouldtypicallydiminishintegrity,participationofdesignerLawrenceHalprinintheprocessmitigatesreducedintegrity.Potentialimpactanalysisnotapplicable.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Post‐PlazaCompletionFeatures
Lightpoles Addedafterperiodofsignificance
Additiondiminishesintegrityofdesign,materials,workmanship,feeling,andassociation.Potentialimpactanalysisnotapplicable.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Post‐PlazaCompletionFeatures
SimonBolivarequestrianstatue
Addedafterperiodofsignificance
Additiondiminishesintegrityofdesign,feeling,andassociation.Potentialimpactanalysisnotapplicable.
Notapplicablebasedonstatus
Post‐PlazaCompletionFeatures
1995paving,includinggranitebandsandbrassinlayinFultonpromenade,circulargraniteUnitedNationssymbol
Addedafterperiodofsignificance
While1995pavingandbrassinlaywouldtypicallydiminishintegrityofdesign,material,workmanship,feeling,andassociation,participationofdesignerLawrenceHalprinintheprocessmitigatesreducedintegrity.Potentialimpactanalysisnotapplicable.
BART=BayAreaRapidTransit;Muni=SanFranciscoMunicipalRailwayNote:TableeditedfromICF.“AppendixA,DPRForms,UnitedNation’sPlaza,Table1.FeatureAnalysisTable:UnitedNationsPlaza,”CulturalLandscapeEvaluation,BetterMarketStreetProject,MarketStreet,SanFrancisco,CA.(2016),10‐12.