50
Historical Review, Current Status and Future Prospects of Global Oil Palm Agroindustry A. KUSHAIRI [email protected] Director General Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB)
Historical Review, Current Status and Future Prospects of Global Oil Palm
Agroindustry
Director General
Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB)
1• Brief History of Global Oil Palm Industry
2• Technological Improvements
3• Threats and Opportunities
4• Moving Forward
5• Conclusions
Presentation Outline
1• Brief History of Global Oil Palm Industry
2• Technological Improvements
3• Threats and Opportunities
4• Moving Forward
5• Conclusions
Presentation Outline
4
OriginOil palm (Elaeis guineensis) exists in wild and semi wild in West Africa
Oil palm (Elaeis oleifera) is found in Central/South America
E. oleifera x E. guineensis hybrids
Oil Palm Origin and Land Suitability
Land suitability for rainfed oil palm, high inputs (FAO)
European Intervention
Portuguese explorers record their observation of oil palm in the 1500s
Jacquin illustrates oil palm in 1763The scientific name for oil palm, Elaeis guineensis Jacq., was derived from the Greek word “oleon” (meaning oil), and the country Guinea where Jaquin made his botanical study of the species on an island off the coast of Guinea.
Palm oil was an important supply item in ships carrying African slaves
Early Trade in Palm Oil
• Africans consumed palm oil, palm wine
• Palm oil (PO) was found in a tomb (ca. 3000 BC) at Abydos, Egypt
• PO extraction was by the crude African method
• End 18th Century: world trade of African oleum palmae (palm oil), <130t to UK
• Industrial Revolution in Europe made PO export possible, mainly UK; for cooking, soap for washing, lubricants for machineries
• In 1830s: Africa exported 11,000-14,000 t/yr PO
• By 1860s: Africa exported 25,000-30,000 t/yr PO
• Then onwards: export increased >87,000 t/yr
• In 1911 export values were ₤1.9 mil (PO), ₤3.4mil (kernel)
• PO uses expanded: toilet soap, candle, margarine, tin-plating industry, animal feed (from palm kernel cake)
• In 1913, demand for palm oil, palm kernel oil and coconut oil exceeded supply, mainly due to competition for making soap and margarine
• Arising from the needs for more PO, Sir William Level set up “PO mill” in Zaire, where fruit bunches were sourced from the groves
Red Palm Oil
7
Neuro Protection
Cardio Protection
Skin Nutrition
Liver Health
Potent Antioxidant
Recent findings showed that red palm oil
contains the phytonutrients tocotrienols
(vitamin E), mixed carotenoids, phytosterols,
squalene and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10).
tocotrienols and carotenoids are proven to
confer health benefits such as:
• The African oil palm made its way to Latin America and Asia
through European traders since the 17th Century.
• The nutrient-rich red palm oil was vital to sailors on long voyages.
Oil Palm Dispersal from Africa
1400sWest Africa
Bogor, Indonesia
1848
Sumatra, Indonesia
1911 (C)
Kerala
Bahia
Colombia, 1932
Peru 1973
1870s
Amsterdam
Para 1942,
Kolkata1830s
Four African oil palm seedlings, via Amsterdam and Mauritius/Reunion were planted in Bogor Botanical Gardens, Java, Indonesia in 1848
Mauritius / Reunion
Migration of E. oleifera to South East Asia mainly through germplasm collection
1945 (C)
1974 (C)
Guatemala,
1940 (C)
Selangor, Malaysia
1917 (C)
99
DOA/ MARDI/PORIM/ MPOB
WAIFOR/ NIFOR,several other counties
AVROS/ IOPRI
CENIPALMA
ASD Costa Rica
EMBRAPA
CIRAD
Establishment of Oil Palm Research Centres Supporting Regional and National Industry
Global Oil Palm Research Centres
Nigeria, Ghana, Others(traditional producers, exporters)
Indonesia
1911 (C)
2006 (P)
2009-now (E)
Colombia
1945 (C)
Guatemala
1940 (C)
Malaysia
1917 (C)
1971 (P)
1966 (E)
World Producers & Exporters of Palm Oil
Legend
(C) = initiated commercialization
(P) = world number 1 producer
(E) = world number 1 exporter
World Producers & Exporters of Palm Oil, 2017
Major Producers Major Exporters
Source: Oil World Annual, 2018
CountryVolume
('000 t)
Share
(%)
Indonesia 36,800 54.2
Malaysia 19,919 29.3
Thailand 2,597 3.8
Colombia 1,628 2.4
Nigeria 1,000 1.5
Guatemala 739 1.1
Honduras 695 1.0
Others 4,559 6.7
Total 67,937 100.0
CountryVolume
('000 t)
Share
(%)
Indonesia 27,524 55.5
Malaysia 16,560 33.4
Guatemala 682 1.4
PNG 600 1.2
Honduras 540 1.1
Thailand 316 0.6
Ecuador 285 0.6
UAE 250 0.5
Others 2,800 5.7
Total 49,557 100.0
100 Years of Commercial Oil Palm Industry
in Malaysia, 1917-2017
Coffee Table book commemorating 100 year Anniversary of commercial oil palm industry in Malaysia, 1917-2017
13
Possible Future World Producers &
Exporters of Palm Oil
Although some palm oil producing countries would become future industrialized
nations, South East Asia would remain as the palm oil powerhouse with possible
shift to Latin America
Palm oil markets could be diverted to countries with high population, away from
producers of competing edible oils
Land suitability for rainfed oil palm, high inputs
1• Brief History of Global Oil Palm Industry
2• Technological Improvements
3• Threats and Opportunities
4• Moving Forward
5• Conclusions
Presentation Outline
Oil Palm Breeding Initiated in Africa
Beirnaert & Vanderweyen(1941)• Discovery of the
monogenic inheritance of oil palm shell genes
• Leading to the more productive DxP planting material
Beirnaert
duraSh/Sh
teneraSh/sh
pisiferash/sh
tenera pisiferadura
Sh+Sh+
M/F = 60%
S/F = 30%
K/F = 10%
O/B = 18%
Sh-Sh-
S/F = 0
Sh+Sh-
M/F = 80%
S/F = 10%
K/F = 10%
O/B = 24%
Lignin stained fruits
I NHERI TANCE OF OI L PALM FRUI T FORMS
Singh et al. (2013) Nature 500(7462):340-344
In 2013, MPOB researchers identified the oil palm shell gene
Singh et al. (2013). Nature 500(7462):340-344
Crop Improvement
Interspecific HybridizationIntraspecific Hybridization Intrageneric Hybridization
• Single gene inheritance for presence/absence of shell
• DxP (Tenera) is 30% higher in oil yield than dura
• High-yielding breeds commercialised
Elaeis guineensis•West Africa origin•High yield•Semi-saturated•Tall palm
Elaeis oleifera•Latin America origin•Low yield•Unsaturated•Low Height
• Leveraging positive traits of the species
• Interest in interspecific hybrids for improved:• Oil quality• Disease resistance• Dwarfism
Widening genetic baseDesirable traits selected e.g. yields, FAC, plant architecture, pest & disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance etc.
Examples Jatropha x Ricinus(castorbean)
(Laosatit et. al., Plant Genetic Resources, 2014)
Triticum (wheat) x Aegilops(goatgrass)(Alvarez & Guzman,Theoreticaland Applied Genetics, 2017)
Triticum x Hordeum (barley)
(Rahaman et al., Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2006)
?Elaeis spp.Other palms species
XX
D X P
1
2
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
11
12
13
1415 16
ShellGene
Fruit Colour
• >34,802 Genes• Oil Palm Genome and
SHELL gene published (Nature, 2013)
SureSawitTMSHELL
SureSawitTMKARMA
Tissue Culture Conformity (Karma)
Disease Resistance
Height
YieldFatty Acid Composition
Compactness
Long Stalk
Oil Palm Genome ProgrammePRECISION selection for High Yielding Varieties, Special Traits
DNA Test for Seedlings
SureSawit-SHELLTM
Oil Palm Fruit-form DNA Test
DNA Test for Seeds
Plant only Tenera Seedlings
Dura
Tenera
Pisifera
Low Purity Bunch
High Purity BunchGerminate only Tenera Seeds
• Non-tenera contaminants below 0.25%
• Achievable near 100% tenera planting
• PRECISION selection • HIGHER productivity
MPOB OPTRACKS(Integrated tissue culture information system)
MPOB BIS(Breeding Information System)
Metabolomics Resources
OPMDB(Oil Palm Metabolome Database)
Genetic Resources Genomsawit Portal
MYPalmViewer
(Genome Browser)PalmXplore
(Gene Model Database)
BLAST
Analysis
Genome Data Resources
Oil Palm Databases and Web Portals
Public Domain
Realizing the Ideal Oil Palm
QTLs associated with height increment
QTLs linked to fatty acid composition
SSR markers related to cold tolerance
QTL linked to yield component
Loci associated with GanodermaDisease Resistance
Data-driven research provided many possible leads to identify causal mutations
and helps make marker-assisted selection of the ideal oil palm a reality
Realizing the Ideal Oil Palm
Integrated Pet Management (IPM) for
bagworms
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bioinsecticides
Metarhizium
Beneficial plants
Cassia cobanensis, Turnera sp.
Natural pheromone
Entomology and Pathology
Drone-spraying of Bt for bagworm control
Palms resistant to pests & diseases highly desired
1980s: Introduction of Elaeidobius kamerunicus from Africa
to palm oil producing countries slashes costs by replacing
hand pollination by humans, and increase yields
Major oil palm diseases
• Ganoderma
• Fusarium
• Bud Rot
Biosecurity Plan, Quarantine
International National• Brandeis University, USA Malaysia Genome Institute
• MIT, USA
• South Macrogen, Korea MGRC, MY
• Orion Genomics, USA Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
• Uni. South California, USA Universiti Putra Malaysia
• Cold Spring Harbor Labs, USA Universiti Malaya
• Uni. South Wales, UK Universiti Sains Malaysia
• Washington Univ. Genome Center, USA MARDI
• Broad Institute, USA Industry Members
• Mogene, LLC, USA AAR
• Fraunhofer, IME Felda Agricultural Services
• Arizona Genome Institute, USA United Plantations
• ISPE Srl, Italy Sime Darby
• Tufts University, USA ACGT, Genting Bhd.
• CIRAD, France Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
• Fasteris, Switzerland Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
• CSIRO, Adelaide Lekir Energy Sdn Bhd
• Gene Works, Australia Denim Care Sdn Bhd
• IMD-CNR, Italy Magnechem Sdn Bhd
• Beijing Genome Institute, China Rovski Sdn Bhd
• NovoMark Technologies Ltd, USA Rokisar Sdn Bhd
• 454 Roche, USA
• PRI, Netherlands
• Oxford Gene Technology, UK
• Troy Polymers Inc, USA.
• Lion Corp, Japan
• Fraunhofer Wilhelm-Klauditz Institut (WKI)
• CTI Biofuel LLC
MPOB International and National R&D collaborations
PORTSIM China Collaborators
1. Henan University of Technology
2. Wuhan Polytechnic University
3. Ningxia Medical University
4. Shanghai University
5. Nanchang UniversityHebei Huaxing Pet Food Co., Ltd.
6. Xiangtan Linying Food Industry Co., Ltd
7. Shijiazhuang Cradle Feed Co., Ltd.
8. Zhengzhou Milikang Food Co., Ltd
9. Yunnan Linyuexuan Food Co., Ltd
Need to enhance international collaborations
1• Brief History of Global Oil Palm Industry
2• Technological Improvements
3• Threats and Opportunities
4• Moving Forward
5• Conclusions
Presentation Outline
*Cotton oil, Groundnut oil, Sesame oil, Corn oil, Coconut oil, Butter (as fat), Lard, Tallow & Grease, Linseed oil, Castor oil.
WORLD PRODUCTION AND EXPORT OF
MAJOR OILS AND FATS, 2017
61% global market share
produced were exported70% Palm
Oil
Total: 221.35
mil tonnes
Source: Oil World Annual 2018
Palm oil is an economic threat to other vegetable oils
Palm Oil Global Issues
“No Palm Oil” label on food products
Sustainability issues on
palm oil production
Is oil palm plantations
key contributor to
deforestation?
Allegations of
negative nutritional
properties of palm oil
“No Palm Oil”
Label
GHG Emission?
US Dept. of Labor:
report of Forced &
Child labor in oil palm
plantations
International Maritime Organization
International Labour Organization
Environment, food safety & nutrition, forced & child labour
27
Growth rate of oil palm planting in Malaysia is declining
Source: MPOB
Malaysia: Oil Palm Area Growth Rate, 1975-2017
1980s
~ Quality Certification
2000s
~ Codes of Practice
– Quality, food safety & sustainability
2005
RSPO – business standards
~ Voluntary implementation
2013
MSPO –Malaysian Standard, MS2530:2013
2015
~ Voluntaryimplementation of MSPO
2019
~ Mandatory
implementatio
n of MSPO
• Oil palm industry has always been adhering to requirements of importing countries
• Continuous improvements through structured sustainability practices
• Implementing 3P sustainability principles of People, Planet, Profit
7 Principles
23 Criteria
35 Indicators
Malaysian
Sustainable
Palm
Oil
Managing a Sustainable Industry:Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO)
Oil Palm is NOT the Major Cause of
Deforestation
63
10 138 6 5 4 3 1
Beef and
other
ruminant
products
Pig and
poultry
Soy Maize Palm oil Wood
products
Rice Sugar
cane
Rubber
mil h
a
Deforestation linked to major agricultural commodities1990 - 2008
Beef industry is the main driver of deforestation of all major agricultural commodities
59% 21%53% 12%
Oil palm companies are the most committed to No-Deforestation compared to other industries
Companies with at least one relevant commitment to no-deforestation, 2016
Oil Palm Soy Timber/Pulp Cattle
Source: Climate Focus Report, [email protected]
Oil Palm – The Most Productive Oil Crop
Average Oil Yield (t/ha/year)
Harvested Area (mil ha) vs. Production (mil tonnes), 2016
Oil
1 hectare
produces
X tonnes oil
1 tonne oil
needs Y ha land
CPO 4.0 0.25
SBO 0.4 2.50
SFO 0.6 1.67
RSO 0.8 1.25
Oil Palm
SUSTAINABILITY
18.2 mil ha of land produces
64.67 mil tonnes of palm oil* * Including palm kernel oil
119.54 mil ha of land produces
51.5 mil tonnes of soybean oil
Source: Oil World Annual 2016
* Combined tonnage of palm oil and palm kernel oil
Source: Oil World
Source: MPOB
Green Endeavoursat Palm Oil Mill
Zero Waste Technology for Palm Oil Mills (POMED-free)
Composting Plant
Compost Windrow
Application of POME & Agitation of Compost
Controlled and monitored composting process Degradation of organic
compound under aerobic condition
Avoids methane generation due to aerobic process
Temperature monitored (60-80 °C) – indication of aerobic microbes activity and to ensure sufficient evaporation of water
Moisture controlled (45-65%) – minimize leachate
R&D and Commercialization: Utilized 100% of POME and EFB 45-60% POME to FFB POME evaporation of 400t/day Produced 13t compost per 1t FFB
Proven zero-discharge technology Installed at an oil mill (30 t/h FFB
processed)
Biogas Capture at Palm Oil Mills
Corresponds to ~20% of nationwide biogas implementation
Off-Site Utilization: Bio-CNG
RawBiogas Pretreatment Compression CO2 removalStorage/
dispensing
• The world’s first Bio-CNG commercial plant from POME: MPOB-Felda Palm
Industries Sdn. Bhd-Sime Darby Offshore Engineering Sdn. Bhd.
• Location: Felda Sg. Tengi Palm Oil Mill.
• Production: 400 m3 hr-1 Bio-CNG = 80,000 MMBTu for industrial uses
Additional RM 7-8 million investment
Loh et al., 2017. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 74:1257-74
Goal: 100% implementation
Planet (Environment): reduction of CO2 equivalent emissions of 1.5 mil t/year; improved air quality.
People and Profit: increase demand, price, benefiting smallholders, industry, nation; improve quality of life
Technical:increase fuel lubricity, higher cetane number, reduce engine wear & tear, etc.
Projection:higher blends
Palm Biodiesel
B10 Biodiesel Borneo Expedition, from Belaga, Sarawak (lowland) to Kundasang, Sabah (highlands), 2017
References:
1. Ng et al. 1992 Am J Coll Nutr
2. Truswell AS et al. 1992 Nutr. Res.
3. Choudhury et al. 1995 AJCN
0
2
4
6
Malaysia:
Institute for
Medical
Research
(1992)
Australia:
University of
Sydney (1992)
Australia:
University of
Sydney (1995)
Malaysia:
MPOB (1995)
India: National
Institute of
Nutrition
(1995)
China: Center
for Disease
Control and
Prevention
(1997)
Malaysia:
MPOB (2011)
Italy:
University of
Udine Via
Sondrio (2016)
China:
Southeast
University
(2017)
TC
: H
DL
Ch
ole
ste
rol R
ati
o
(2)(9)(5)
Palm Olein Olive Oil Canola Ground nut
4. Sundram et al. 1995 Nutr. Biochem.
5. Ghafoorunissa et al. 1995 Lipids
6. Zhang et al. 1997 Asia Pacific J Clin Nutr
7. Voon et al. 2011 AJCN
8. Lucci et al. 2016 Food Funct.
9. Sun et al. 2017 Asia Pacific J. Clin. Nutr.
Palm olein behaves more like a monounsaturated oil in its effects on cholesterol
levels, although it contains saturated fatty acids
(1)
Nutrition: Human Studies on Long Term Intake of Palm Olein, 1992-2017
2001: Provisional maximum total daily intake (PMTDI) of
2 μg kg-1 body weight
Sept 2013: Proposed PMTDI of
2 μg kg-1 body weight
May 2016: Revised PMTDI to
0.8 μg kg-1 body weight
Nov 2016: Proposed new PMTDI of
4 μg kg-1 body weight
Jan 2018: Revised PMTDI to
2 μg kg-1 body weight
Inconsistent Recommendations?
Food Safety & Health: 3MCPD
Addressing Food Safety & Health: 3MCPD
Plantations
Mills
Refineries
Reduce chlorine in FFB by changing fertilizers used
Reduce DAG in PO by ensuringmilling within 48 hours
Wash FFB to remove chlorine precursor
FFB sterilization with steam without chlorine
Wash fresh CPO with slightly alkaline water
Use natural bleaching earth
Reduce deodorisation temperature to below 230°C at vacuum pressure of 1 mbar
Mitigation ApproachesCurrent Status
In general:3-MCPDE ~ 5-6 ppm
GE ~ 7-8 ppm
3-MCPDE and GE: Reduce to the levels
accepted by all parties
3-MCPD GE
Plantation sector is labour intensive
Shortage of labour
Labour:land ratio
Current 1:8
Projection 1:15
Labour is a Challenge
Emerging technologies Robotics, exoskeletonUnmanned vehicles – ground, UAVSmart farming Internet of Things (IoT) Sensors, image recognition Satellite GPS signals, GIS Variable-rate technology
Mechanization and Automation
in Plantations
Effort to generate new technologies
Individually driven 4-wheel transporter (Hydra Porter) with bin in challenging areas
Three series of competition …… but without grand prize winner
Goods with Most Child and Forced Labour Listingsby Department of Labor, USA
www.dol.gov
Malaysian Laws Related to Forced and Child Labour
Laws Related to Forced Labour
i. Federal Constitution – Slavery and forced
labour prohibited (Section 6)
ii. Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-Smuggling
of Migrants Act 2015
iii. Penal Code - Compulsory labour as “labour
against the will of that person.”
iv. Employment Act 1955
v. Passports Act 1996 – criminalises the
withholding of passports and documents
vi. Workers Minimum Housing Standards and
Amenities Act of 1990 (Act 446) – Prescribes
minimum standards of housing, provision of
nurseries for workers and their dependents
Laws Related to Child Labour
i. Child Act 2001 (Act 611)
ii. Education Act 1996 – A child, from 6 years
old should be enrolled as a pupil in a
primary school in that year and remains a
pupil in a primary school for the duration of
the compulsory education (primary
education)
iii. Children and Young Persons Act
iv. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994
Compounds
List of offences
Court Cases
1,493 compounds issued in 2017
105 out of 118 registered cases were
prosecuted in 2017
Under Act 582 passed by the Parliament,
MPOB is granted enforcement powers,
such as:
• Investigation
• Arrest
• Search (with or without warrant)
• Stop and search conveyances
• Enter premises
• Seized oil palm product
• Forfeiture or release of seized oil palm
product
Penalty of up to RM250,000 or
imprisonment for a term not exceeding
3 years or both for such offences
Court cases may be prosecuted by
Prosecution Officers among MPOB
Officers appointed by the Director
General.
Enforcement Actions
1• Brief History of Global Oil Palm Industry
2• Technological Improvements
3• Threats and Opportunities
4• Moving Forward
5• Conclusions
Presentation Outline
Transformative Technologies
SustainabilityPillars
People Planet
Profit
Industrial Revolution
DIGITAL: High Performance
Computing Cloud Computing Data Analytics Sensors Internet of Things Artificial Intelligence Drones Robotics Mobile wireless
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT: Biofuels Carbon capture & Storage Precision Agriculture Energy harvesting Smart grids Connected & Autonomous vehicles
BIOTECHNOLOGY: Genomics Bioinformatics Synthetic Biology Biocatalysis Health monitoring
technology Biochips and sensors Bioimaging
ADVANCED MATERIALS: Nanomaterials Functional Materials Additive Manufacturing
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY• Palm Oil Mill Biorefinery• Biomass Utilization• Biofuel
4 OLEOCHEMICALS• Bio-based Oleochemicals• Cosmetics & Personal Care• Public Health and Crop Care
5
• Technically Competent Personnel• Financial Support
Industrial Revolution
PRODUCTIVITY• High Yielding Varieties• Precision Agriculture• Best Agricultural Practices• Automation
1
SUSTAINABILITY• Certification• Green Palm Oil Mill• Conservation Programs• Climate Change Programs
2
FOOD and NUTRITION• Improved Quality, Food Safety• Oil Palm Phenolics• Phytonutrients• High Value Oil
3
INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT)
• Wireless Sensor, Imaging Technologies
• Artificial Intelligent Modeling Systems
• High Throughput Analytics Systems
6
Cloud Computing
Functional materials
Supercomputers
Predictive modeling
Digital imaging
Genome-Based Technologies
Sensors Systems Biology
Computational biologyAdvanced Statistics
Drone Technology
Robotics
Bioactive fractionation Combinatorial chemistry
Imaging systems
Biocatalysis
Carbon capture & storage
Energy harvesting
Smart grids
Transformative Technologies
Note: List is not exhaustive
If agriculture is to continue to feed the world, it needs to become more like manufacturing, says Geoffrey Carr.
www.economist.com
Adopted from http://www.economist.com/technology-quarterly/2016-06-09/factory-fresh
Smart Farming
Examples
• Precision agriculture, GPS, sensors,
cloud computing, weather, fertigation,
VRT, pest & disease controls, site yield
potential
• Cost-effective measures, optimise yield,
maximise profit
• Farms becoming factories-like with tightly
controlled operations.
New Technologies
Examples
• Precision agriculture
• Microbes, including bacteria and fungi
helps improve soil health, fertility and
crop yield
• Genome editing, DNA sequencing
enable breeding for desired traits
more precise
• Internet of Things
Transformative Process
However, it is cautioned that the use of advanced technologies, robotics and
automation should be balanced with manual workforce in providing employment
for economic stability and wellbeing of the population in every walks of life
• UN estimated world population growth of
2.3 billion by 2050
• Feeding 9.1 billion people in 2050 requires
70% increase in food production
• To meet future food demand,
exporting nations must
increase production
• Exports by 2050:
• Sugar - DOUBLE
• Cereal - TRIPLE
• Veg. Oils - TRIPLE
Population Growth Driving Food Demand
The World Still Needs Palm [email protected]
Conclusions
• Oil palm has moved and strived well out of Africa; grown into
an industry benefiting both producer and consumer countries
• Technological innovations supported the industry – past,
present and future
• Allegations on palm oil is economic-driven but scapegoating
environment, health and nutrition
• Managing success of the market-driven oil palm industry is:
– multi-pronged and costly, encompassing certification, specification and
standards, laws and regulations, green technologies, nutritional and
quality attributes, economic feasibility, branding and social equity.
• Palm oil is nurturing people and protecting the planet
Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB)
No. 6, Persiaran Institusi,
Bandar Baru Bangi,
43000 Kajang, Selangor
MALAYSIA
Datuk Dr. Ahmad Kushairi Din
e-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.mpob.gov.my
MPOB International Palm Oil Congress
