History of Media Cinema

And Photography

MEMBERS-Ishwar KadamNiranj MenonMayur PawarNancy PeterRaheel ShaikhKrithika ShridharJennifer Albert

Evolution of Mass Media over nearly 170 years

The age of PrintThe pre-Cinema Period 1839-1895Arrival of Cinema 1895Arrival of Radio 1901Arrival of TV 1926Arrival of Internet 1990

History of MediaIN LATE 20TH CENTURY MEDIA WAS

CLASSIFIED INTO 8 MASS MEDIA INDUSTIERS AS FOLLOWS: -

1. PAPERS

2. NEWSPAPER

3. MAGAZINE

4. TELEGRAM

5. RECORDING

6. RADIO

7. MOVIE

8. TELEVISION

9. RADIO

10. INTERNET

11. COMPUTER

Invention of paper:In 100 BC (105 ) paper is invented in China by

Ts’ai Lun. Historical records and stories can now be

stored as a result.

Johannes Gutenberg (1397-1468)printing press: In 1445 Gutenberg invented the printing

press.

The German inventor first began mass producing his famous Gutenberg bibles in 1455 and as a result literacy spreads through Europe.

NewspaperIn 1605, the first printed newspaper was

published weekly in Antwerp, Germany called “Relation”.

TelegraphIn 1843, the first telegraph and text

communication breaks the distance barrier.

Radio BroadcastIn 1920, the first radio broadcast took place

in the US and this led to the birth of the modern mass media

TelephoneIn 1876, Alexander Graham Bell

invented the telephone and conversations break the distance barrier.

FilmIn 1898 Lumiere Brothers presented the

first publicly shown film “Arrival Of A Train A La Ciotat” and some people were frightened

ComputersIn 1976, Apple introduced the first home

computers.

Mobile PhonesThe first mobile phone was introduced in

Japan in 1979 but became a mass media only in 1998 when the first downloadable ringtones were introduced in Finland.

InternetIn 1990’s the internet and global networks

revolutionalised how people accessed information.

CINEMA

CINEMACinema are basically classified

into 3 types:-1. Narrative films2. Documentary films3. Experimental films

Narrative films:They began in 1890s and by

1910 had become a major industry and a new form of commercial leisure .

Documentary filmsMaking is concern with exposure

of true facts and historical events.

Experimental / Art film:They are not much commercialized.They are based on what is going in

and around the society.

Turning point of film:The 1920’s became the golden age for films

and Hollywood turns actors into national and international celebrities

A scene from Ritwik Ghatak's Nagarik (1952), considered Bengali cinema's earliest intellectual art film.

Talking MovieIn 1927, the film “The Jazz Singer”

was the first “talkie” and silent movie stars become memories

Photography :The first still camera’sIt came in existence in 1826 by

the French inventor Joseph Nicephore Niepce.

Some important types of angles:Photographs are taken based on

camera techniques i.e 1. Based on distance 2. Based on angle

Based on distance:Long shot

Extreme long shot

Medium long shot

Establishing shot

Medium shot

Medium close shot

Close up

Medium close up

Over the shoulder two shots

Reverse over the shoulder two shots

Big close up

Eye level

High angle shot

Low angle shot

Zoom in

Zoom out

Tilt

Canted angle

Bird’s eye view

Worm’s eye view

Aerial shot

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