History and Evolution of Nursing

Jed Montayre, RN, MSN, PhD(c)

HOW DID NURSING START?WHERE DID IT BEGIN?WHO FOUNDED NURSING?WHAT IS NURSING?______________________________?

ANCIENT CIVILIZATION NURSING WAS NOTED TO BE AS OLD AS TIME.

IT BASICALLY STARTED FROM :

INSTINCT

- HUMAN NATURE

NURTURING

CARING

NURSING

EGYPTIAN RITESHEALTH AND HEALING BELIEFS OF ANCIENT CIVILIZATION.

SUPERSTITION AND BLACK MAGIC

INJURIES FROM WARS AND OTHER TRAGIC EVENTS.

BIBLICAL RECORDSJESUS HEALING THE WOUNDED AND THE INFLICTED

GOOD SAMARITAN LAW

CHRISTIAN ORGANIZATIONS AND ORDERS“CRUSADES”

Knights of St. John of Jerusalem• a.k.a Knights of Hospitallers• Decendants are the Knights Templars• The first nursing orders – Monastic Order of St.

Augustine

Sisters of Charity• Established by St. Vincent de Paul in France

Monastic Orders

CHRISTIAN ORGANIZATION AND ORDERS

Order of the Deaconesses• Founded in Kaiserwerth, Germany.• Recognised the role of women in taking

care for the sick.• Initiated the establishment of training

school for nurses.• Founders of the training school : Pastor

Theodore Fliedner & Frederika Fliedner (wife)

Founders of the Order• Kaiserwerth Institute for Deaconesses

..and one of the students of this training school is …

A lady named…

Florence Nightingale• An English lady from a

wealthy family during the Victorian era

• During the Crimean War- known to be the “Lady with the Lamp”

• A nursing theorist, writer and statistician.

Prior to Florence NightingaleIs the Dark Age for Nursing because…

Nursing is considered as• A very low job in terms of social hierarchy.• A job for the uneducated and poor.• A desperate occupation.

Who are the nurses?• Women of lowest social standing• Wayward women of low status, instead of

going to prison, they were asked to served as nurses.

• monastic women or untrained helpers of low repute.

• Poor unmarried woman with no family or no chance of getting married.

FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

Changed the image of nursing• Dubbed as the “Lady with

the Lamp”

FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

NOTES on NURSING(1859)

“What it is and What it

is not”

FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

School of Nursing• In 1860, Nightingale laid

the foundation of professional nursing when the first school of nursing was established.

Nightingale Training School at St. Thomas’ Hospital

FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

Environmental TheoryMaintaing the a safe and clean environment to Promote well-being

Transformation of Nursing into a Profession

Nightingale Nurses• Linda Richards- the first American

trained Nurse (1870) became a great nursing pioneer in USA and Japan.

• Some nurses became the matrons at several leading hospital (St. Mary’s, Westmisnter Hospital, Royal Victoria Hospital, Sydney Hospital)

Nightingale describes Nursing as:

SCIENCENursing is a body of scientific knowledge using empirics.

ARTNursing has its own way proper way of doing things and applying knowledge. (Example the interaction between a health consumer and the nurse)

Transformation of Nursing into a Profession

Milestones in Nursing

Training and Education• Development and

Establishments of Nursing Schools all over the world.

Regulating Agency/ Body• Existence of Regulating

Body for Nurses that sets that the conduct of nurses and regulates safe nursing practice

Milestones in Nursing

A Professional Organization• Development of Nursing

Organizations from local to international levels

Milestones in Nursing

Continuing Education• Continuing professional

education and training for nurses for competency

(Trainings, Masters degree in Nursing, Doctorate in Nursing)

Milestones in Nursing

Publication• Nursing has a voice, has free

medium of expression and has the right to be heard in the discussion of issues pertaining to the healthcare delivery system and the like

Milestones in Nursing

Community Involvement• Nursing has extended roles

and has various participation in the community service and industry.

Milestones in Nursing

Community Service Eg. Health Expo

Milestones in Nursing

Development of New Nursing Knowledge

• Development of Nursing Theory and applied it into nursing practice.

Milestones in Nursing

Involvement in Research and geared research outputs results towards Evidenced-Based Practice.

Milestones in Nursing

Is Nursing A Profession?

YESA

VERY NOBLE PROFESSION

WHY DO WE SAY SO?

WHAT MAKES NURSING A PROFESSION?Characteristics of a profession

Education and TrainingRegulating BodyCode of EthicsProfessional OrganizationPublication and RepresentationResearch and Application (EBP)Autonomy

✔✔✔✔✔✔✔

…THEREFORE EVERY NURSE IS EXPECTED TO HAVE PROFESSIONALISM.

INDEED NURSING IS A PROFESSION.

HOW ABOUT THE NURSES OF TODAY?

WHAT WILL YOU BECOME THREE YEARS FROM NOW?

OR

Pathway of Nursing ProfessionalsElderly Care

Pathway of Nursing ProfessionalsEmergency Nursing

Pathway of Nursing ProfessionalsAcute Ward Nursing (Medical/ Surgical)

Pathway of Nursing ProfessionalsPediatric Nurse

Pathway of Nursing ProfessionalsMilitary Nursing

Pathway of Nursing ProfessionalsTheater Nurse

Pathway of Nursing ProfessionalsIndustrial Nursing (School Nurse, Company Nurse)

Pathway of Nursing ProfessionalsNurse Educators

Pathway of Nursing ProfessionalsHigh Dependency Unit

Pathway of Nursing ProfessionalsMental Health Nurse

The EVOLUTION OF THE NURSING PROFESSION

FROM TO

ITS JUST LIKE THIS..

Through the years…Nursing has gone a long way

Because of her legacy..

FLORENCE NIGHTINGCALE

Founder of Modern Nursing

LONDON, "May, 1872.

FOR us who Nurse, our Nursing is a thing, which, unless in it we are making progress every year, every month, every week, take my word for it we are going back.

The more experience we gain, the more progress we can make. The progress you make in your year's training with us is as nothing to what you must make every year after your year's training is over.

-Florence Nightingale

Jed Ray Montayre, RN, MSN, PhD(c) February 2013

THANK YOU!