History and Evolution of Tyler’s Objective Model
Prior to 1900 very little educational theoretical framework available
School and Society and Interest and Efforts in Education by John Dewey published around the turn
of the centuryRalph Tyler was born in Chicago in 1902Tyler enters high school in Nebraska about
the time WWI starts and emersion of the U.S. Army test
History and Evolution of Tyler’s Objective Model
The testing movement emerged following the U.S.
Army ‘s Intelligence Test (“ Ralph Tyler’s little book, n. d.”)
History and Evolution of Tyler’s Objective Model
Tyler came to view testing as a problem requiring his attention resulting in his involvement in a controversial project in 1933, The Eight Year Study
The Eight Year Project
Students from alternative high school curricula can succeed in college
The Eight Year Project
Refined the procedures for writing instructional objectives
The Eight Year Project
Formative evaluation – objectives and their assessment were used to revise and refine
The Eight Year Project
Confirmed that objectives should be written in terms of student behaviors
Tyler’s Philosophy and Influences
Tyler describes education as an “active process”
Tyler was influenced by John DeweyTyler called the father of behavioral
objectivesTyler’s studies were stimulated by the Soviet
Union’s launch of Sputnik in 1957Benjamin Bloom and Hilda Taba were
influenced by Tyler’s Eight Year Study
Tyler’s Approach to Evaluation
Establish broad goals and objectivesClassify the goals or objectivesDefine objectives in behavioral termsFind situations in which achievement in term
of objectives can be shownDevelop or select measurement techniqueCollect performance dataCompare performance data with behaviorally
stated objectives
References
University of South Florida College of Education. (n. d.). Ralph Tyler’s little book. Retrieved from www.coedu.usf.edu/agents/dlewis/publications/tyler.htm