History of Britain

Vavřina Zdeněk, C4C10/31/2011

Time line of British historyI. Celts and RomansII. The Anglo-SaxonsIII. Alfred the GreatIV. William the ConquerorV. The Magna ChartaVI. The Hundres Years‘ WarVII.The War of RosesVIII.The Tudors

IX. The Church of EnglandX. Elizabeth I.XI. The Stuarts and the Civil WarXII.The Industrial RevolutionXIII.ImperialismXIV.WW I.XV.WW II.XVI.End of British EmpireXVII.Modern History

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I. Celts and Romans

• the Celts – first inhabitants

• 55 B.C. – invasion of Romans led by Julius Ceasar

• Hadrian‘s Wall – against the Picts and the Scots

• 410 A.D. – last Roman legions left the island

I. Celts and Romans

• the Celts – first inhabitants

• 55 B.C. – invasion of Romans led by Julius Ceasar

• Hadrian‘s Wall – against the Picts and the Scots

• 410 A.D. – last Roman legions left the island

I. Celts and Romans

• the Celts – first inhabitants

• 55 B.C. – invasion of Romans led by Julius Ceasar

• Hadrian‘s Wall – against the Picts and the Scots

• 410 A.D. – last Roman legions left the island

I. Celts and Romans

• the Celts – first inhabitants

• 55 B.C. – invasion of Romans led by Julius Ceasar

• Hadrian‘s Wall – against the Picts and the Scots

• 410 A.D. – last Roman legions left the island

II. The Anglo-Saxons

• 5th century – raids of Angles, Saxons and Jutes

• 597 A.D. – Pope Gregory mission of 41 monks

• 700 A.D. – all England is Christian

• 8th century – epic poem Beowulf

II. The Anglo-Saxons

• 5th century – raids of Angles, Saxons and Jutes

• 597 A.D. – Pope Gregory mission of 41 monks

• 700 A.D. – all England is Christian

• 8th century – epic poem Beowulf

III. Alfred the Great

• 835 A.D. – begining of Danish raids

• unification of kingdoms King of England Alfred the Great

• treaty with Danes Danelaw

III. Alfred the Great

• 835 A.D. – begining of Danish raids

• unification of kingdoms King of England Alfred the Great

• treaty with Danes Danelaw

IV. William the Conqueror

• death of king Edward – without heir

• noble Harold x cousin William

• 1066 A.D. – Battle of Hastings

• introducing of feudalism

X

V. The Magna Charta libertata

• king John „Lackland“ ignored law and increased taxes

• 1215 – king forced by to nobility to sign

• less king´s power and more nobility´s power

VI. The Hundres Years´ War

• From 1337 to 1453

• 1337 – Edward III. declared himself king of France

VII. The Wars of the Roses

• 1455 – a struggle for throne

• Lancasters – a red rose

• Yorks – a white rose

• 1485 – Lancastrians side wins

VIII. The Tudors

• 1485 – Henry VII taking over the English throne

• Encouraging of trade, art, literature, music

• 1509 – coronation of Henry VIII

IX. The Church of England

• 1526 - Henry VIII x Pope Clement VII

• 1534 – Act of Supremacy

• king is head of church, not Pope

X. Elizabeth I

• Elizabeth‘s step-sister Queen Mary - „Bloody Mary“

• Daughter of Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII

• The Church of England – blend of Catholic a Protestant features

• Puritans

X. Elizabeth I

• Elizabeth‘s step-sister Mary Stuart - „Bloody Mary“

• Daughter of Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII

• The Church of England – blend of Catholic a Protestant features

• Puritans

XI. The Civil War

• dismissing of parliament – James I & Charles I

• 1642-1649 – civil war Crown x Parliament

• Oliver Cromwell – Puritan leader (Parliament) – Lord Protector

XI. The Civil War

• dismissing of parliament – James I & Charles I

• 1642-1649 – civil war Crown x Parliament

• Oliver Cromwell – Puritan leader (Parliament) – Lord Protector

XII. The Industrial Revolution

• In the 1600s and early 1700s

• Flying shuttle and Spinning Jenny

• Beggining of factory system

• 1769 – James Watt perfected steam engine

XIII. Imperialism

• 1837-1901 – reign of Queen Victoria

• Demand for tea, cocoa, sugar, rubber, cotton…

• Wester countries had s duty to „civilize“ the „backward“ nations of the world.

XIV. World War I

• 1914-1918

• Many new weapons , airplanes, tanks

• Mostly on Western front

• Trench warfare

XV. World War II

• 1938-1945

• UK absolutely unprepared

• Prime minister – Winston Churchill

• Massive bombing of London

XVI. End of British Empire

• 1947 – the colonies gained independency

• The Commowealth – 54 countries– Formal head British monarch

XVII. Modern History

• Queen Elisabeth II

• Margaret Thatcher

• 1973 – enter to EU

1. Hadrian's Wall was built against Romans coming from continent.

2. The Magna Charta was signed in 1199 by Henry III.

3. The War of the Roses was winning by Lancaster, which means family with white rose.

4. The Puritans leader in The Civil War was Oliver of Cornwall.

5. Winston Churchill replaced Neville Chamberlain in Prime Minister Office of England in 1941

6. The Commonwealth consist of 50 countries worldwide.

Source

• André Maurois: Dějiny anglie.

Thanks for your attentiones