• He was the Dutch scientist that first observed living cells.
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• Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Question 1 - 50
• List the three parts of the cell theory.
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• All living things are composed of one or more cells.
• Cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organism.
• Cells come only from the reproduction of existing cells.
Question 2 - 10This structure protects the DNA in a cell.
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• Nucleus
Question 2 - 20
• The Golgi Apparatus works together with this organelle to produce and package proteins.
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• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
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• The network of proteins that supports the cell’s shape is referred to as this.
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• cytoskeleton
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• This organelle is found in plants and uses light to make food.
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• Chloroplast
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• The gastrocnemius is a muscle found in the lower leg, one of the two muscles that make up the calf. This organelle would be very plentiful in the gastrocnemius of athletes.
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• Mitochondria
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• The are considered to be the first cells (bacteria).
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• Prokaryotes
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• This categorization of cell are the cells that make up your tissues.
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• eukaryotes
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• These lack a nucleus and membrane bound organelles.
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• Prokaryotes
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• These three features that are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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• Ribosomes• DNA• Cytoplasm• Cell membrane
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• This is the area in a prokaryotic cell where genetic material is concentrated.
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• Nucleoid
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• This is the term we use to define the membrane that separates the interior and exterior of the cell.
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• Phospholipid bilayer
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• Unbranched (straight) carbon chains that make up most lipids are called this.
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• Fatty acids
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• The carboxyl end of a fatty acid is polar which gives it this property.
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• Hydrophilic (water loving) attracted to water molecules
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• The hydrocarbon chain of a fatty acid is nonpolar which gives it this property.
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• Hydrophobic (does not interact with water molecules)
Question 4 - 50
• The image below is described by this model (composed of varying macromolecules and moving).
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• Fluid mosaic model
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• The major difference between plant cells and animal cells is because of these features (2 or 3)
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• Cell wall• Large central vacuole• Chloroplasts
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• The structure and function of a protein (how it is shaped and what it does) are determined by this.
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• Sequence of amino acids
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• Eukaryotes differ from prokaryotes in the fact that they have these structures.
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• Membrane bound organelles
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• Maximum cell size is limited by this.
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• Surface area
Question 5 - 50
• The structure of these cells form branches which allow them to function as electrochemical messengers.