Pedagogy:The Concept

Etimology

0Paidos = child0Agogia = “to lead”

0Gk. Paidagogia: education, attendance on children, to lead a child

0L. Paedagogus "slave who escorted children to school and generally supervised them”

Pedagogy in English

0What happened to the usage of the word in the English language?

0Look up the word pedagogue in your dictionary.

0Go to reader.

History of Education

Ancient History

0The development of writing

China

01600 B.C. China develops a writing system02000 B.C. First formal schools 0A system of private schools prevailed0Confucius (551 BC – 479 BC)0Filial piety

The Middle East and Egypt

0 3000 B.C. Egyptian "temple schools."Priests taught religion, writing, sciences.

0 Education was practical and aimed to train scribes and priests.

0 The Torah includes commands to read, learn, teach and write the Torah, thus requiring literacy and study.

Ancient Greece

0 400 B.C.Sophists, wandering teachers in Greece, taught people how to argue through logic. Great philosopher Socrates teaches in public squares to anyone who will listen/argue. He puts higher value on finding "truth," rather than simply winning arguments, and encourages people to think for themselves.

387,355 B.C.

0 Plato & Aristotle establish schools in Athens. Plato's school called the "Academy." Both schools focus on truth. Plato writes The Republic, outlines his vision of perfect society and education based on social standing.

0 Education different in city-states.

Ancient Rome

0 The military conquest of Greece by Rome in 146 BC resulted in the cultural conquest of Rome by Greece

0 Home schooled un until 6 or 7 years old when they were sent to the ludus publicus

0 A good citizen meant an effective speaker

The World of Islam

0 Early education is influenced by the Koran.

0 Reading and writing was an aspiration for most Muslims.

0 Learners attended the Madrasah.

0 The Islamic scholarship flourished with an impressive openness to the sciences, art, and literature.

The Middle Ages

0 The purpose of education was to prepare clergymen.

0 Physical education was repressed.

0 Schools taught Latin and rudimentary Arithmetic.

0 Dogmatic education

The Renaissance

0 The basis of the curriculum was the study of Greek and Roman literature and art.

0 Physical development was encouraged.

0 Education was exciting and fun. (Casa Giocosa)

Famous pedagogues

John Amos Comenius

1592- 1670

0 Inventor of textbooks.

0Education according to nature.

0Systems of schools0Comenius Medal

Celestin Freinet

1896 - 1966

0 Pedagogié Freinet0 Pedagogy of work): 0 Enquiry-based learning 0 group-based trial and

error work.0 Cooperative learning 0 Centers of interest 0 The natural method.0 Democracy:

Friedrich Fröbel

1782 - 1852

0He coined the word kindergarten

0Attention to young children’s education

Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi

1746 - 1827

0His motto "Learning by head, hand and heart

0The training of the whole person, and the sympathetic way of dealing with students

Maria Montessori

1870 - 1952

0 Education should no longer be mostly imparting of knowledge, but must take a new path, seeking the release of human potentialities.”

0 children as competent beings, encouraged to make maximal decisions

0 self-correcting "auto-didactic" materials

Jean Piaget

0The theory of cognitive development

0Pioneer of constructivism

John Dewey

1859 - 1952

0 The ideas of democracy and social reform are continually discussed in Dewey’s writings on education. Dewey makes a strong case for the importance of education not only as a place to gain content knowledge, but also as a place to learn how to live

Paulo Freire

1921 - 1997

0 Critical Pedagogy0 Freire advocates that

education should allow the oppressed to regain their humanity and overcome their condition. However, he acknowledges that in order for this to take effect, the oppressed have to play a role in their own liberation.

Lev Vygostky

1896-1934

0Founder of Cultural-historical theory

0Revolutionized the concept of language in learning

0Social constructivism

Benjamin Bloom

1913 - 1999

0Propelled great contributions to the classifications of educational objectives and the Theory of Mastery Learning