Some Key Dates ofGraphic Design History

BA DIGITAL MEDIA DESIGN

Lesson: Design for Digital Media

London College of Communication

University of the Arts London

Angela Michanitzi

15,000 - 10,000 BC

• The first known visual communication, with pictographsand symbols in the Lascaux caves in southern France.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bzShXDxm2v8

3600 BC

• The Blau Monument, the oldest artifactknown to combine words and pictures.

105 AD

• Chinese government official Tsíai Lun orCai Lun credited with inventing paper.

1045 AD

• Pi Sheng invents movable type, allowingfor characters to be individually placed forprinting.

1276

• Printing arrives in Europe with apaper mill in Fabriano, Italy.

1450

• Johann Gensfleisch zum Gutenburg creditedwith perfecting the system for printing type inbooks.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch#!v=qexDBgWM2X8&feature=related

1460

• Albrecht Pfister the first to add illustrationsto a printed book.

1470

• Nicolas Jenson, considered one ofhistory’s greatest typeface designers,sets news standard for Roman type.

1530

• Claude Garamond opens first type foundry,developing and selling fonts to printers.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KubB0PQAK5g

1722

• First Caslon Old Style font developed.

1760

• Industrial Revolution begins, setting thestage for advances in graphic designproduction.

1796

• Author Aloys Senefelder developslithography.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch#!v=JHw5_1Hopsc&feature=related

1800

• Lord Stanhope invents first printing pressmade of all cast-iron parts, requiring 1/10the manual labor and doubling the possiblepaper size.

1816

• First sans-serif font makes a subtleentrance as one line of a book.

1860

• Arts and Crafts Movement - John Ruskin,William Morris, Gustav Stickley.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xVjcyH72Vfo

1861

• Williams Morris, who became a highly influentialfigure in design history, sets up art-decorating firm.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X3kLR4N10Qg

1880

• Development of halftone screen allowsfor first photo printed with a full rangeof tones.

1890

• Art Nouveau movement begins and changesdesign, making its way into all types ofcommercial design and utilizing alltypes of arts.

1901

• Frank Lloyd Wright - 'The Art and Craft of theMachine'; basic principles of modern industrialdesign; future designers create prototypes formachine production.

1910

• AEG (German General Electric). This isthe beginning of ʻcorporate imageʼ.

1916

• Dada Movement. George Grosz, HannahHoch, Kurt Schwitters, Marx, Ernst,Marcel Duchamp, Andre Breton, HansArp.

1917

• The Art movement called De Stijl, Dutch for ʻTheStyleʼ was on the rise.

1919

• The Bauhaus, a German school, is founded,eventually providing the framework formodern design.

1919

• Constructivism movement originated in Russia. ElLissitzky, Alexander Rodchenko, Vladimir Taltin, NaumGabo.

1932

• Stanley Morison oversees design ofTimes New Roman font, commissionedby the Times of London.

1947

• Swiss design: Armin Hofmann, EmilRuder.

1950

• The New York School: Paul Rand, AlexeyBrodovich, Henry Wolf, Herb Lubalin, GeorgeLois.

1956

• Paul Rand designs IBM logo using CityMedium typeface.

1957

• Max Miedinger designs Neue HaasGrotesk font, later renamed Helvetica.

1960

• Pop art; Pentagram Design: Colin Forbes,Theo Crosby; Scandinavian Designer: AlvarAalto.

1961

• Italian Designer: Ettore Sottsass,Memphis group Movement.

1968

• Post-Modernism: Wolfgang Weingart,Steff Geissbuhler, Odermatt & Tissi.

1969

• Douglas Engelbart develops first computermouse, setting the stage for the future toolof graphic design.

1970

• Corporate graphics: Olivetti, CBS, CIBA,Chase, Mobil.

1979

• New Wave: April Greiman, KennethHiebert, Paula Scher.

1984

• Apple releases first Macintosh computer,featuring bitmap graphics.

1985

• Aldus, formed by Paul Brainerd, developsPageMaker software. Brainerd coins thephrase Desktop Publishing.

1990

• Photoshop version one is released.

1990

• Physicist Tim Berners-Lee develops theworld wide web, along with HTML andthe concept of website addresses.

Brief 1

• Research, predict and record thedevelopment of the Graphic Design from1990 to 2020. In your blog instigate yourown timeline for your findings.

• Deadline and Critique: End of Term 1