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SEMINAR
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What is Nursing?
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Nursing has been called the oldest of artsand the youngest ofprofessions .
Nursing is a healthcare profession focused onthe care of individuals, families, andcommunities so they may attain, maintain, or
recover optimal health and quality of life fromconception to death.
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During early time Nursing care was provided by menand women serving punishment. It was oftenassociated with prostitutes and other female criminalsserving time.
It was not until Florence Nightingale, a well-educatedwoman from a wealthy class family, became a nurseand improved it drastically that people began toaccept nursing as a respectable profession
Because no formal education in the care of the sickwas available, the earliest nurses learned their artfrom observations of others caring for the sick, andmany times, through a process oftrial and error.
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In 16th century
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Before 16th century (500AD)-Nursing care mostly
included hygiene and comfort needs ofpersons.After that Phoebe is nursing historiesmost noted deaconess.
1568 - In Spain. The founding of the
by Bernardino de Obregn occurs.NursesObregones expand a new method of nursingcares(caring of poorer by catholic and notcharging any money for this).
Theyprinted a manual in 1617 -"Instruction fornurses", the first known handbook written by anurse.
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17th century
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1633 The founding of the bySts. Vincent de Paul and Louise de Marillac.
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Deeply moved by the poverty and suffering allaround him in Paris in the 1600s, andreached out to assist those in need through
simple acts of kindness which would developinto the charism of the Daughters of Charity.
and the First Daughters
(the people of Paris used this term for thesisters), they feel themselves as-Servants ofthe Sick Poor.
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1660 Over 40 houses of the Sisters ofCharity exist in France and several in othercountries; the sick poor are helped in theirown dwellings in 26 parishes in Paris.
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18th century
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1755 Rabia Choraya, head nurse or matronin the Moroccan Army. She traveled withBraddocks army during the French & Indian
War. She was the highest-paid and mostrespected woman in the army.
1783 James Derham, a slave from NewOrleans, buys his freedom with money earned
working as a nurse.
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19th century
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1820-
Florence Nightingale was born on 12 May1820, and named after the Italian city of herbirth.
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1836 - Nursing Society of Philadelphia
1844 - Florence Nightingale travels to
Kaiserworth, Germany to start to learn nursingfrom the Institution of Deaconesses. Shestayed for three months.
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1850 Florence Nightingale, a pioneer ofmodern nursing, begins her training as anurse at the Institute of St. Vincent de Paul atAlexandria, Egypt
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1853 Florence Nightingale visits theDaughters of Charity in their Motherhouse inParis to learn their methods. Later Crimeanwar starts.
1854 Florence Nightingale and 38 volunteernurses are sent to Turkey on October 21 toassist with caring for the injured ofthe Crimean War. 1854 Nightingale appointedas the Superintendent of Nursing Staff.
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During the Crimean war, Florence Nightingalegained the nickname "
",
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1855- Nightingale Fund established.
1860 Florence Nightingale's Notes onNursing: What it is and What it is Notispublished.
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1861 Sally Louisa Tompkins opens a
hospital for Confederate soldiers in July. Sheis later made an officer in the army, the onlywoman to receive that honor.
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1873 Linda Richards is graduated from theNew England Hospital for Women andChildren Training School for Nurses andofficially becomes America's First Trained
Nurse.
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1873 The nation's first nursing school,based on Florence Nightingale's principles ofnursing, opens at Bellevue Hospital, New YorkCity
1876 The Japanese term ("Kangofu" ornurse) is used for the first time.
1879 Mary Eliza Mahoney is graduated fromthe New England Hospital for Women and
Children Training School for Nurses andbecomes the first black professional nurse inthe U.S.
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1884 Mary Agnes Snively, thefirst Ontario nurse trained according to theprinciples of Florence Nightingale, assumesthe position of Lady Superintendent of the
Toronto General Hospitals School of Nursing.
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1886 The Nightingale, the first Americannursing journal, is published.
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1893 Lillian Wald, the founder of visitingnursing , begins teaching a home class onnursing for women whose children weremaltreated.
1897 The American NursesAssociation holds its first meeting inFebruary, as the "Associated Alumnae ofTrained Nurses of the United States andCanada".
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1899 The International Council of Nurses isformed. Worlds first and widest reachinginternational organisation for healthprofessionals. Operated by nurses and
leading nurses internationally, ICN works toensure quality nursing care for all and theadvancement of nursing knowledge.
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20th century
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1901 New Zealand is the first country to
regulate nurses nationally, with adoption ofthe Nurses Registration Act on September 12.
On 10 January 1902 Ellen Dougherty becamethe first registered nurse in New Zealand, and
in the world.
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1908- The United States Navy Nurse Corps isestablished.
Twenty women were selected as the firstmembers and assigned to the Naval MedicalSchool Hospital in Washington, D.C. Unfortunately,the navy did not provide room or board for them,and so the nurses - being a determined lot -rented their own house and provided their own
meals. In time, the nurses would come to be known as
because they were the firstwomen to serve formally as members of the Navy.
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1908 Representatives of 16 organizednursing bodies meet in Ottawa to form the
of TrainedNurses, which will become the Canadian
Nurses Association in 1911.was named founding president.
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1909 Theis formed. With following the
footsteps of Jane Delano. More than 370,000professional Red Cross nurses have
enrolled.Nurses volunteered for service warand disaster and peacetime
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1910 Florence Nightingale dies. On 13August 1910, at the age of 90, she diedpeacefully in her sleep in her room at ParkLane.She left a large body of work, including
several hundred notes which were previouslyunpublished.
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1919 The UK passes the, which provides for registration of
nurses, but it will not become effective until1923. The first name entered in the register
as was Ethel Gordon Fenwick.
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1929 is
established.
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1949 is the firstblack person elected to the board of theFlorida Nurses Association with the right tospeak and vote.
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1951 Males join the United Kingdom sameregister of nurses as females for the firsttime.
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1965 A Japanese court rules on theregulation regarding night shifts of nurses,limiting them to 8 days a month and banningsingle-person night shifts altogether.
1966 The Filipino Nurses Association wasrenamed as The Philippine NursesAssociation.
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1990 (May12) is declared the official Nursing Day in
Japan
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In every plague most of Europe men riskedtheir lives to provide nursing care. A group ofmen, , in 300 AD started ahospital and provided nursing care during theBlack Plague epidemic.
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John Ciudad (1495 -1550) follows order ofthe brothers of St. John of God. He opened ahospital in Grenada and asked a group offriends to assist in providing care to the
mentally ill, homeless and abandonedchildren. Men of this order also visited thesick in their homes.
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James Derhamwas- an African American manwho worked as a nurse in New Orleans in1783. He was able to save enough money tobuy his freedom from slavery.
In 1808, Lazaro Orranti and Martin Ortega
were two men employed as the nurses at ahospital in San Antonio. The hospitalemployed only men as nurses
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Walt Whitman (1819-1892), poet and writer,served as a volunteer hospital nurse inWashington, DC during the Civil War. Herecorded his experiences in a collection of
poems called "Drumtaps" .
