Date post: | 14-Apr-2018 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | firemox123 |
View: | 213 times |
Download: | 0 times |
7/27/2019 History Reign of Elizabeth
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/history-reign-of-elizabeth 1/12
1HISTORY REIGN OF ELIZABETH chapter 1
1A1a Philip of Spain – Mary’s husband
1b they show that the time during Marys reign was a time of anger and war this is
also shown with Mary’s side of the painting being a rather dark and sombre affair,
while Elizabeth’s side is considerably lighter showing that she was well liked.
2a it is showed by the way she was dressed and her dignified stature
2b it suggests that Elizabeth is a well-liked and benevolent figure.
2c to make the people feel closer to her. It encouraged loyalty in people who were
likely never to see her.
3 the north and the west
4a stubborn – less likely to bow under pressure from britians enemies
B indecisive – found it hard make decisions, often put it off as much as she could.
1B1a females were seen as lesser to males in every way. So a female sovereign faced
a lot of prejudice with many expecting them to be weak willed and irrational. Many
of these prejudices were reinforced by Elizabeth’s sister, as she tore England in half
with her persecution of Protestants and she let her Spanish husband rule throughher.
B2 it was seen as a way to link different family’s together and strengthen friendships
and alliances.
B3 she meant that people would begin to try and influence the heir to their way of
thinking or if they believed they may be next in line they could have them
assassinated.
7/27/2019 History Reign of Elizabeth
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/history-reign-of-elizabeth 2/12
HISTORY CHAPTER 2
2A 1 because religion had such an overwhelming influence on the way people led
their lives it is easy to see how it spread into politics. One could argue that it never
left citing many of the bills suggested by the American Republican Party.
2 if the English church remained catholic she would lose significant amount of
income to the pope
2B
Protestant Catholic
Organization of the church Elizabeth Replaced the
pope as governor of
church
Bishops were retained
Rituals and ceremony’s Communion tables
replaced alters, consumed
both the bread and wine.
Still knelt at communion
Clergy vestments Clergy wore vestments to
administer communion
Calvinist doctrine Followers were taught
predestinations instead of
free will
Changes to 1552 prayerbook
Much of the 1552 prayerbook was left unchanged.
But some sentence wasremoved such as the ones
condemning the pope.
2b2 Mathew parker did not have to flee England during the reign of Mary so he was
seen as untainted by radical European ideas. This meant he would be better at
maintaining the careful balance between Protestants and Catholics that Elizabeth
needed.
7/27/2019 History Reign of Elizabeth
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/history-reign-of-elizabeth 3/12
Chapter 3
3A Cabinet ministers for both modern New Zealand and Elizabethan England act as
advisors to the head of state.
Also each minister was the minister for a certain thing i.e. minister of finance.
Unlike today Elizabeth had complete control over who her ministers were.
The Privy Council could be used as a court while cabinet is completely separate from
the judicial system in New Zealand
3B patronage is the way that civil servants in Elizabethan England were paid as they
didn’t receive a salary. patronage was also a way that royal favour was shown.
Patronage encompassed many things including grants of lands and being appointedto a position of power
Bb Patronage was necessary because the monarchy could not have afforded to pay
wages.
It encouraged loyalty because those who had fallen out of favour would not receive
patronage but it also encouraged infighting as people would become jealous when
others received what they wanted, corruption was rampant.
2a because he did not have time to deal with all the people who were trying to gain
his “favour” through bribes
2b it means those seeking his favour
2c because as Burghley’s patronage secretary he was responsible for bring clients
seeking patronage to Lord Burghley’s attention
2d “gratuities were essential to secure an adequate standard of living for
government servants”
2e it was wide spread and was considered to be normal
2f factions formed around the leading figures of the period as each faction fought for
greater patronage.
7/27/2019 History Reign of Elizabeth
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/history-reign-of-elizabeth 4/12
Chapter four
4a1 13 times
A2 six months
A3 for the majority of Elizabeth’s reign parliament was only called every four to fiveyears, with a total of 31 years without an active parliament
A4a six subsidies from1559 to 1587
From 1589 to 1601 she received a total of 12 subsidies
A5 the on-going war with Spain
4bthe lack of freedom of speech
B2 she ordered them to discontinue the discussion
B3 those MPs who were still unhappy could approach the Privy Council to further
argue their case
B4 rumours and messages meant how the queen tried to control the discussions in
the house.
B5 –
B6 it was the house that decided to have peter Wentworth taken into custody.
7/27/2019 History Reign of Elizabeth
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/history-reign-of-elizabeth 5/12
Chapter five
5a kneeling at communion , wedding rings, the church organ, vestments, basically
anything that reminded them of the opulence of catholic churches because they
believed that such things were supercilious and distracted from the message of god.
A2 because such matters are adiaphorous- they are undefined by the scripture- and
so they do not matter]
A3 puritan life is as it sounds they do not believe in many of the merriments that
were available in Elizabethan life and condemned those who did, they devoted their
life to matters of faith, after church they would go home and further study the bible.
They said they wanted to return to how it was in the early times of Christianity.
A4 they disobeyed her.
Ab they portrayed themselves as morally superior.
5b
Puritans wanted further reform of the English church that would remove practices
that they believe d was catholic in nature and that they should return to the way of
early Christianity.
B2 the issue was that Elizabeth insisted that clerics wear the traditional vestments
instead of the more puritan Geneva gown.
B3 Elizabeth wanted full control of the church as a way to enforce order in the
kingdom as she knew that after her sister’s brutal reign, religious tension was high.
B4 to increase the fragile stability of Elizabeth’s rule.
5c
C1 the royal supremacy, the thirty-nine articles of faith and that the prayer book
contained nothing contrary to the word of god
C2 that the prayer book contained nothing contrary to the word of god because the
puritans believed that the prayer book was far too catholic
C3 the court of high commissions and the ex officio oath
7/27/2019 History Reign of Elizabeth
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/history-reign-of-elizabeth 6/12
C4 the Presbyterians wanted to change the English while the brownists want to be
completely separate from the English church.
C5 it would take away her power as governor of the church. This could lead to
rebellion if the Presbyterian Church gained too much power.
Chapter 6
6a 1558-1568
While we reconciled with Rome under queen Mary once Elizabeth ascended
to the throne we once again broke with Rome.
My brother was forced to leave the university where he taught and travelled
to the University of Louvain on the continent.
The new law meant my household was to be penalized if we refused to attend
the new church however we never had to pay the penalties as my cousin was
the justice of the peace. With the fines we didn’t have to pay we hired our old
priest to tutor our son in the ways of Rome and to hold a family mass.
1568-1580
The Scottish queen came seeking refugee perhaps we will have a catholic heir
after all
The pope declared our queen a pretender to the throne, the pressure for us to
conform is tremendous and people have begun whispering that we are
conspiring against the queen. This is not so we are loyal to the bone. (papal
bull -1570)
While we still have a private mass at home, we must attend the church service
as suspicion of those who does not has risen to dangerous levels and my
cousin has begun collecting the fines for not attending church.
7/27/2019 History Reign of Elizabeth
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/history-reign-of-elizabeth 7/12
1580-1590
We no longer even have a private mass as raids are being conducted searching
for any signs of Catholicism, acting in fear I buried my rosary
The Spanish armada is threatening to invade England and we prepare to take
up arms to fight for queen and country. Because of this I become disillusioned
with Rome and am no longer catholic in thought , I know identify with many
protestant beliefs.
The Scottish queen was found guilty of plotting against our queen and
executed, I cannot believe I once prayed for her to lead our country
Many of my friends while patriotic still believe in the old faith and are paying
20 pounds a month due to their refusal to attend church.
1590-1601
The majority of my friends could no longer justify 20 pounds a month to avoid
the protestant church when they themselves had begun to see the errors of
Catholicism.
We are still at war with Spain and it is costly while we are fine many are
struggling with the extra taxes
My youngest son is still fervently catholic and as far as I know has travelled to
the continent to become a priest, we cannot risk writing to him as we fear my
husband will lose his position in office if it’s found that his son is a devout
catholic.
7/27/2019 History Reign of Elizabeth
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/history-reign-of-elizabeth 8/12
Chapter 7
Against
She was an absolute queen which meant she had no superior but god, so to judge
her was against gods will
As a kinswomen Elizabeth promised all courtesies and kind will therefore executing
her went against the laws of hospitality.
As a prisoner of law it was legal for her to work towards her safety and freedom so
she could not commit treason
As a queen she was Elizabeth equal so could not be tried for treason
It was unheard of for a monarch to be executed
For
As she had abdicated some though that she was not a free and absolute queen but a
titular queen who meant she was not Elizabeth’s equal and could be judged by those
other than god
When she fled Scotland to England she put herself under Elizabeth’s protection
which meant she enjoyed the benefits of the law and as such she was subject to the
law.
Two princes of equal authority could not exist within the same realm which meant
that as the weaker prince she was subject to Elizabeth’s will
A king outside his own domain is a private person, which meant when she left
Scotland she was no longer seen as a free and absolute queen but as a private person
and as such she was subject to the laws of the land in which she was.
Because of the crimes she herself had eroded her own power and as such was no
longer seen as a ruler.
7/27/2019 History Reign of Elizabeth
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/history-reign-of-elizabeth 9/12
Chapter 8
A1a because both England’s historical enemy and ally were both catholic they had
joined forces against protestants which put England in jeopardy
1b as the majority of her subjects were protestant she had their full support in her
efforts to keep England protestant.
A2 England was surrounded by historically or religious enemies which meant if they
joined forces they could easily crush England like a “nut”.
2b while Ireland was supposedly under English rule it was largely catholic which
meant that it was the perfect place for England’s catholic enemies to launch an
attack from and the Irish strongly resented the English rule. Spain would have
already had a large army in the Netherlands suppressing the rebels and once they
finished that they could easily turn their eye towards protestant England.
A3 by creating internal struggles in other countries it meant they would be too busy
dealing with internal problems to turn their eye towards England’s foreign shores.
Elizabeth had strong opinions on rebels as she faced them throughout her reign and
it would have been extremely hard for her to support rebels of any kind. Also it
would inspire resentment in the rulers of the other countries and would create more
problems in the long run.
8b the king of Spain believed that he would not be able to finally repress the Dutch
rebel until England was dealt with.
They were already engaged in skirmishes on the water with English privateers
stealing gold headed for Spain and Spanish ships attacking English ships at Mexico.
Both of England’s biggest supporters on the continent had just died- through fair
means or foul.
7/27/2019 History Reign of Elizabeth
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/history-reign-of-elizabeth 10/12
Armada vanquished
Catholic zealots destroyed
Today was a momentous day in queen Elizabeth’s reign as our superior navel might sent the cowardly
Spaniards sailing home with nothing but tales of defeat.
This naval battle has long been on the horizon since England broke with Rome and Spain started
persecuting Protestants but recent events meant that war was becoming imminent. Long before
today’s battle Spain attacked an English ship that was docked off the coast of Mexico and when king
Philip of Spain assassinated the duke of orange England was horrified and began preparing for war. The day’s outcome may have been vastly different if not for the heroic efforts of Sir Francis drake
when last year he led an attack on Cadiz where the Spanish fleet was preparing to invade England.
Due to his efforts the Spanish armada was debilitated and took many months for them to recover.
Once recovered the Spanish sailed to Calais. While the Spanish were docked at Calais admiral lord
Howard of Effingham sent a small number of fire ships among them, in Lord Howard’s own words “ the
Spanish panicked like a sinner on the Sabbath”. When they found that lord Howard had cut off their
escape they tried to sail up around Scotland where they were further decimated by storms. BishopWesley says the storms were divine intervention “god blew and they were scattered”.
Chapter 9
9a1 patents
Map of the route taken by the Spanish armada
In a further update as the cowardly
Catholics sailed home in defeat our queen
Elizabeth visited her loyal troops at tilbury
where she gave a rousing speech “I know I
have the body of a weak and feeble women,but I have the heart and stomach of a king
–and a king of England too- and think it
foul scorn that Parma or Spain or any prince
of Europe should dare invade the borders of
my realm; to which, rather than dishonour
shall grow by me, I myself will take up
arms.”
7/27/2019 History Reign of Elizabeth
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/history-reign-of-elizabeth 11/12
A2 sir Walter Raleigh
A3 whisky and lead
A4 bread
A5 because the queen can use it to undo a law that parliament makes
A6 disorder
A7 care and loyalty
A8 that some monopolies are beneficial to her subjects while a deserving servant
makes a private profit
A9 zeal to their counties (loyalty to those they are representing)
A10 the purpose of the golden speech was to graciously admit a mistake while subtly
reinforcing her royal prerogative.
9b
1a because of Gloriana and her lucky defeat of the Spanish armada
1b her ministers, William Cecil
B2a much of Elizabeth’s own correspondence has been lost over time so we can only
make assumptions off what little we do know.
2b history is consistently being rewritten and each time it is influenced by the ideals
and beliefs of that writer
B3 1 her continued reputation as being a great leader, every year we understand
more about the past so the fact the Elizabeth’s reputation has survived 412 years
untarnished means something.
2her long reign. Inheriting a country in turmoil she not only calmed the waters she
managed despite numerous plots to reign for 44 years until a natural death. Her
reign was not a peaceful one many times England’s future looked bleak and it is in
these times that many countries rebel and overthrow their monarch, yet Elizabeth
continued.
3 the 1559 religious settlement she inherit a catholic country with protestant
martyrs, not the easiest situation. Yet Elizabeth managed to change the religion
7/27/2019 History Reign of Elizabeth
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/history-reign-of-elizabeth 12/12
without massive casualties in a time where religious revolutions were happening
across Europe.
B3b 1 she was incredibly indecisive and at times this indecisiveness could of lead to
the down fall of England such as the execution of queen Mary because of herindecisiveness she brought England into a twenty year war
2 she left England poor with no allies. When James inherited England it was a poor
country with no allies that was engaged in a war that took years of political
manoeuvring for him to get out of without a major cost to England.