E HITLER OR STALIN ?

1 . By DR. CHAM ZHlTLOVSKY ! The unexpected turn in England's inlernational

which led to Man's resigna+:on, entails the dan ar b:I'Z: 9 already predicted that such a war is imminenf, and +ha+ it is merely a qudion of seeral months before it occurs.

Naturally we do not believe in auguries, even when

1 flid between Germany and the Soviet Union, i no+, indeed, '

a wodd war. Several American newspapen in the West have '

t h y are announced by the most respected nampapen in +he bst.

Buf fhs danger of a war between Germany and +ha Soviet Union hangs in the air nevertheless, thanks to he new drift in British p o l i a .

'Mfieiaily England is supposed fo bm still driving b renew fhe k r n o pact which Germany has r e n w n d . According to the four gred powerr of Central and Western Euro A g l m d , France, Germany, and Itd amny P take H upon +hemselves to prevent P e shedding "I- of wen a single drop of biood during the newt decade. But it is an o p n q u d o n , as to whether human Hood generally or fhe human blood which pukak between Ger- many's eastem boundary and the Western European coast Is mead.

Just this open door is an invihtion to +he sbwe-men- tioned dangerous eventuality. England wads t o insure peace in Central and Western Europe, and in the Mediter- ranean. Brihin moms io feel that this peace has ta bo ransomed, as though R were a hostage in the hands of Hitler and Mussolini. With Mussolini alone, one might p r h a p teach a peaceful undelrtanding, which shall not contain in it the porribili)y of a war in the b s t . But what

a b u t Mussolini's partner, Hitlsr? During he l ad few years Hider made two proposals

in his two most important political s p e e c h d t h clearly addressed to England and France. The present master of the world's peace gives them a choice, In the first s eech he demanded tha t he be given +he Ukraine, in r e h n & which he will l a m the world unmolested. &t h a n u and England (under Men) replied with an em hatic "No."

reiurn our 6erman colonier. R So he put forth his second proposal: If not t e Ukrsin*

Adually Hitle ui)e a number of things: not only #he colonies, but prh o 7 the Soviet Union, Austria, he

winces of Crechwlovaki~, and a liMe more for this article was written, new devdopments

virtual master of Austria. -Mi+orls note.) B d in the meantime he will egree to a w p t one of +wo things: either colonies or expandon in the Eask Which of these is England, under Chamberlain's conservative d i m tion, ready to grant?

To refurn the colonies would weaken Ihe Mtish Empire. To ermit German to en uH arts of the Sod& Union wou P d weaken ~n&nd'r 'ferad;+ary enemy," Rucrir. It is therefore dear, which pan of the scale in Chamberlain's polltical calcubtions is t o be tilted.

I.) is h e +hat France's culculations are edirely dif- ferent. Chautemp has already dehred, in +he name of k a n a , thai her pact wi+h +he Sovid Union and Cxech- usiovslria will no+ be relinquished. But the inhmal si)usHon i n France i s an undetermined one. In no other ~ e o p k is the nahral craving for peace as great as in the French. One should no+, therefore, disparage +hem. Bu+ lhey should be considered v e 7 carefully.

Should Chamberlains home frade with Hitler (of +he

I r h relinquishing all claims to the colonies, in return for q h e hind in Eastern Europe) succeed, and should he (Cham- berlain) say to France: . Accept these terms or go your own way-there would surely be the danger that popular feeling among the people would discard the present gov- ernment which i s disposed +o be friendly toward +he Sovie+ Union, and replace it wifh a government which would accep+ the proposal, as long as it is veiled in meaningless phr~ses concerning the interests of general. peace fhroughou+ fhe world.

A+ thaf time a war beheen Germany and the Swid Union would mod certainly be imminenf.

What shall OUR attitude be in +his si+uation? And by "our" I mean, firs+ of all, our aflitude as Jews. Will we once again become "pro-German," as once upon a fme, during the worfd wart

Evan the mere thought of such a thing is hopetasly re- moved from sanity. "Pro-German?" "Pr+HifIerlu But re- member: in these insane times nothing i s too insane to be impossible. Listen to the voicer of our press, in regard fo fie Sovid Union. Has no+, in fact, our press already de- clared war against the Sovie) Union, because of its opposi- fion to the Statin regime? Has not Shlin, instead of Hffler, been declared "~ublic enemy number one?"' Not far re- m w d from +his i s the angry outburs+ of "Serves him rightl"

And should h i s anger be modified, our stand might be: "We are against a! wars of aggression. But after all, *is Is a war of me dictator ~ittd againsf another. , Why' should we risk our skins for +he triumph of one or the other despot? Isn't Sfalin the same as Hitlw?" And the capitalis+ element has long ago accephd the notion that s Hitler is preferablwh, very p r e f s r a b l h %elin.

Such a pasitim on the part of the Jews would be the

greates) insanity, he' greatest betrayal of our eople's in- +ere*. &+ our press. through its fanatic bindness, IS BENDING EVERY EFFORT TO PREPARE THE GROUND FOR THIS ATTITUDE

And right now is the time to warn f h d w d p d t a i s being driven more and more fo face the ahna t i ve of eifher Hitler or Stalin. No dher way out i s evident. To remain neuhal in +his hidorie conflict is imposs ik If we have the intereds of our eople at heart, we mud rt p m P senf be not only anfi-HHer, but pro-Stslin.

Do not forgek should a war against +he Soviet Union o d r , ih enemies will undouhdly indude such fraternal stetes as Hitler's GERMANY, Rydz-Smigly's POLAND, King Carol's RUMANIA, and, as an additional podion, ovarly humane Japan. And againsf what nation will this er)eemed combina+ion be itted? Against a country where a d - SemHism i s offieia P ly prosmitibed; where wr people have no+' on1 equal, civil and poli)ical rights, but also equal na+iond rig t; )rt where a hrge brritory has been designafed for fhe establishment of an rrrtonomous Jewish mpublic; and where +he government is using every means in ib power, SO that fhe Jewish republic may develop as quickly as possible.

We sure& cannot Blame the Swiet government bs- cause we Jek , hisfed out of shape by an ideaby of ar- similatlon, do -no+ avail oumlvw, with all the energies at our dis osal, of thaf provision for an aubnornous Wih state w e iich the Sovie+ overnment has presenfd (regard- less of who i s s t i+s hea I 4 Lenin, s Stalin or anyone else]. Nor should we lore sight of +he f a d that the development of minority rights, for us Jews as well as for olhw nr)ion- alfties in the country, is due primarily and principfly )o Stalin himself.

>*< .- .-

5

How can we Jews take the stand +hat Hider and Statin are ,cu) from fhe same cloth7 If thew two hisforic figures (and I hope I may be forgiven for mentioning both in the same breath) were shod up before the enfire Jewish people; if every Jew turned to fhem with the question: Are you our friend or foe-+ha+ answer could a Jew expect from one w +be other7 We may have complaints and uitieismr con- cerning $+din, accordnig to the dictates of our respective political allegiances and social stajus; according +a our general humanitmien morals, in a period of one o f +he greatest revdutions in the world. But if a Jew has the in- +em+ of his eople a+ heart first of all, he will answer the quesfioion of L e you wt friend or foe-&thou+ hesitafion. Wih respect )o Stdin, he wRI say: You belong with the hiends of our people, and we are therefore obligated +o help you in our fight against OUR ENEMIES, who are

, YOUR ENEMYES as WII. And this quesfion of Are you our friend or foe, +he

Jews should alsa put t o the Jewish press, and to Jewish public opinion. It is now high time for an honest consider- ation of whether the Jewish press has the righ) to prepare the groundwork (even if i+ is only in the minds and hearts of Jews) for the Mumph of Hitler over Stalin.

A BETIER ANSWER TO THE JEWISH QUESTION COULD NOT BE IMAGINED

By DR. CHAlM ZHITLOVSKY

The tenth snniversary of Biro-Bidisn is mosf certainty the foremod event in he modern history of f i e Jewish people.

The creation of a Jewish aubnomous terrilory in +ha

Soviet Union, and the oppartunily kt a native Jewish re- public in that country, mwsr as an example of how the Jewish question ought +o k solved in all counfrier con+&- ing large populations of Jews.

A stah wif)r a concenCrated Jewish populr)l'on, with an . a h o m o u r governmenf, and freedom to work and build a social and economic life: a s + e considing of ih own Jewish tnmr a d ciHn, a native agrarian ecottomz a d iC own indwtri~l A d e m e n t where Yiddish i s e ofieial Ian- guage of +he sn+ire a m ; a s b t e which does nwt stifle h e w h m and languages of non-Jewish groups, bu) gim b all the o p p h ~ i t y to live and dewlop their respective na- tional lives1 kr this purpose no bdter answer to +he Jewish problem can be pictured in all the civilized lands fhroughout +he wodd, then a Biro-Bidjan.

Such a ralution is Ce wred protection against a&- Semxsm, and against assimilation. It is probably the mod poten) prerequisih for ndional reff-presewafion, and for unhamprsd national growth.

That b why dl Jew throughowl +he world should be inhested in the developmmn) of Bim-Bidian, and see to It *sf this growfh shall proceed as rapidly and as fully as possible. Id Biro-Bidian become, in )he next five or +en years, h e h e "Promised Lsnd," a h e example for all na- tions and all Lndr containing brge numbers of Jews, of how, in a humane and frdmal fashion, ))re Ion overdue debt i m m d b gamnfions of whring may %e repaid xlth

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