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ATMOSPHEREAir Purifier

Technical Information PacketRev 7


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CONTENTS

I. Introduction ....................................................................3

II. Airborne Contaminant Reduction List.6

III. Claims Platform ..............................................................7

IV. Claims Abstracts ............................................................8

Appendix: Reference presentations and papers ..............69

NOTES:This ATMOSPHEREAIR PURIFIER must be maintained according to manufacturersinstructions to ensure proper product performance.

The systems particle and carbon filters must be replaced as recommended in theOwners Manual. The contaminants or other substances removed or reduced by this airtreatment device are not necessarily in your air.

Created October, 2005Edited December, 2007


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I. INTRODUCTION

This booklet describes the principles and claims of the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier andoutlines the test methods, test results and subsequent data for the ATMOSPHERE AirPurifier pollution reduction performance. The purpose of this manual is to deepen thereaders understanding of how the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier works and what benefits areobtained from its use.

Described within this manual are the following:

General information on indoor air.

How the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier works process of air purification.

Claims of the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier.

General competitive technology comparison to the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier.

Indoor Air pollutionThe air we breathe indoors is typically two to five times more polluted (source: EPA

publication, Indoor Air Quality in Schools, 1998) than outdoor air. This is especiallydisturbing because Americans, on average, can spend as much as 90 percent of theirtime indoors, with more than half of this time spent inside their homes.

Most people assume that the walls of their buildings keep out harmful pollutants.Unfortunately, these same walls can also trap pollutants inside. In recent years, thedrive to conserve energy has fueled the potential for increased indoor air pollution. Bysealing up homes to conserve energy, one reduces the exchange of outside air, therebytrapping and concentrating the air pollutants inside.

Particles that become airborne are generated by various sources inside and outside of

the home. As an example, many living organisms generate particles for reproductionsuch as pollens and mold spores. Also, human and animal skin generates particlesthrough shedding (commonly known as dander). Additionally, small creatures such asdust mites generate waste particles. Many of these tiny particles can becomesuspended in our indoor air through normal activities that are common within ourhomes. Other sources of particles are man-made substances such as automobileexhaust, smoking, clothing/fabric and cooking, etc. Many of these particles can beallergens to sensitive individuals.

Viruses and bacteria can become airborne particulates in a form known as bio-aerosols.These particles are typically generated by sneezing and coughing, but can also come

from other sources.

Radon is a gas that can generate particles through radioactive decay. These decayparticles are called radon progeny or radon by-products. These particles are extremelysmall (0.01m 1.0m) and are considered harmful, because the radioactive particlescan become lodged in the lungs. All these particles have the potential to be inhaled intothe human lung. Radon is considered the second leading cause of lung cancer.


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In addition to particles, odors are commonly found throughout the home. Typical odorsthat one might encounter include those produced from smoking, foods and cooking, ormusty smells generated from molds, bacteria or pets. Many people perceive these typesof odors as unpleasant.

Formaldehyde is a contaminant that is frequently found in homes. It is emitted fromadhesives used in construction materials, such as plywood. It is also emitted from

combustion, such as gas stoves, and from permanent press coating on cloth. It can bean irritant to eyes, nose and lungs in some people at low levels. In addition is has beenshown to cause asthma attacks. Formaldehyde has also been shown to be an animalcarcinogen.

Ozone is a gas that is a strong oxidizer and is considered harmful to human health evenat relatively low concentrations. It is produced by electrical discharges, specificwavelength light and by photochemical reactions between sunlight and smog. The samechemical properties that allow high concentrations of ozone to react with organicmaterial outside the body give it the ability to react with similar organic material thatmakes up the body, and potentially cause harmful health consequences. When inhaled,

ozone can damage the lungs (see - "Ozone and Your Health" -www.epa.gov/airnow/brochure.html).

Relatively low amounts can cause chest pain, coughing, shortness of breath, eyeirritation, and throat irritation. Ozone may also worsen chronic respiratory diseases suchas asthma and compromise the ability of the body to fight respiratory infections.

Dioxins and dibenzofurans are a group of compounds formed in some industrialprocesses, and combustion, particularly from refuse incinerators. They are toxic andare very stable in the environment. Dioxins and dibenzofurans also bioaccumulate,which means that they become stored in the body, which may result in increasing

concentrations in the body with each exposure.

Reference: Visit the EPA Web site at www.epa.gov/iaq/ to find more information anddetailed answers one may have on indoor air quality.

How the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier worksThe ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier is a system that filters the air in a room and reduces thelevel of particulates, odors, formaldehyde and dioxin within that room. It works bycleaning the room air to a point where the contaminant level stabilizes to a new reducedlevel. For example, in a 3,104 cubic-foot (87.9 cubic meter) maximum room size, (390square feet (36 square meters) with an 8 foot (2.4 meter) ceiling, with one air exchange

per hour, an 80% reduction of particulates is reached in about 30 minutes using a cleanair delivery rate of 250 cubic feet (7.1 cubic meters) per minute.

For particulates, this equilibrium point is dependent on various factors. Mainly, the sizeof the room, the air exchange rate of the room, the generation rate of the particles in theroom (inside and outside sources), the rate of settling (natural decay rate) for theparticles within that room and the clean air delivery rate (CADR) of the air cleaner.


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The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier works by removing particles at a rate faster than they aregenerated. The size of the room and the units clean air delivery rate (CADR) are linkedin order to achieve an 80% or greater reduction of the particulate matter in that room.This concept of CADR and room size will be described in further detail in Section III.

The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifiers airflow design works by taking low velocity air in at thefront of the unit. The air is passed through three stages of filtration where the particles,

formaldehyde, ozone, dioxins and odors are removed/reduced at the single-passefficiency rate of the filters. The air is then driven out the back and up vertically at highvelocity. This low velocity in front and high velocity out the back is an important designelement that makes the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier quiet. The high velocity clean air isthen returned to the room where it mixes with the contaminated air and dilutes it to anew cleaner state. This process happens over and over again until the room is diluted toits cleanest state and reaches equilibrium.

The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier functions using three stages:

Stage one uses a prefilter to remove large particles, which helps extend the life of the

main particle filter.

Stage two uses a better than HEPA particle filter offering a very effective means oftrapping sub-micron particles. The benefit of this filter technology is that it provides anextremely long life filter with high particulate removal, low maintenance and doesntproduce any harmful byproducts. The filter technology also allows a high airflow, whichreduces electrical consumption and noise.

Stage three the carbon filter, will reduce gas-phase odor molecules, without producingany harmful byproducts, through the use of a special combination blend of chemicallyimpregnated activated coconut shell carbons. This carbon both adsorbs and reacts with

the molecules, trapping them as well as converting some of the molecules into harmlesssalts, gases and water vapor. The filter also contains two catalysts that help destroyformaldehyde.


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35. Durable premium painted finish36. Efficient EC style motor with lower power consumption than AATS at comparable

speeds and modes of operation37. Energy Star Rating38. Preset timer for 30 minutes and 2, 4, 8, and 12-hour operation39. Certifications and approvals40. Recyclable packaging materials as appropriate

41. Patented design, other patents pending

III. CLAIMS ABSTRACTS

The accompanying abstract for each claim is organized as follows: (Note: Some of theclaims do not list a test method as it is self-explanatory.)

1. Claims

2. Introduction

3. Test method

4. Results

5. Information on references (where appropriate)

DEFINITIONS

> - Greater than

< - Less than

AATS - Advanced Air Treatment System, a predecessor model to

ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier

CADR - Clean Air Delivery Rate (CADR) indicates the volume offiltered air delivered by an air cleaner. CADR also determineshow well an air cleaner reduces pollutants such as tobaccosmoke, pollen and dust. The higher the tobacco smoke,pollen and dust numbers, the faster the unit filters the air.

AHAM - The Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers or AHAMrepresents the manufacturers of household appliances andproducts/services associated with household appliances soldin the United States. AHAM also develops and maintains

technical standards for various appliances to provide uniform,repeatable procedures for measuring specific productcharacteristics and performance features. AHAM is an ANSIaccredited Standards Development Organization, andmaintains several standards which are approved by ANSIthrough the consensus approval process. AHAM standardsare also recognized by many regulatory agencies includingthe United States Environmental Protection Agency and the


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Claim 1: Clean Air Delivery Rate (CADR) of 250 to clean rooms up to390 square feet (36 square meters)

Introduction: The most effective way of determining initial room cleaning performanceof an air treatment system is to subject the device to the AHAM/ANSI AC-1 test protocolfor determining CADR performance. CADR stands for Clean Air Delivery Rate and itrelates to the amount of particle free air an air treatment system can deliver in a minuteof time. AHAMs Clean Air Delivery Rate is widely accepted as a valid measure forcomparing the performance of portable air cleaners and has been reviewed andreferenced by the US Federal Trade Commission and the US Environmental Protection

Agency. AHAMs AC-1 test protocol was designed to test initial room cleanerperformance against 3 contaminants tobacco smoke, AC fine test dust and papermulberry pollen, which span the distribution of airborne contaminants from 0.09 micronsto 11 microns in size. These contaminants are used to challenge air cleaners in 3discrete tests one for each contaminant in a room of 1008 cubic feet (28.5 cubicmeters), the size of a small bedroom. The value of this room test method is that itmimics real life taking into account every aspect of initial room cleaning performancesuch as; airflow, filter fractional (single pass) efficiency, filter seals, and air path.

The E2526 Advanced Air Treatment System (AATS) has a certified room cleaningperformance rating of 225 (equivalent to 6.4 CMM) CADR (Clean Air Delivery Rate) fordust, smoke and pollen and qualifies for a room size recommendation of 350 squarefeet (32.5 square meters), as verified by AHAM. The AATS was tested by an AHAMapproved independent laboratory using AHAMs Method for Measuring Performance ofPortable Household Electric Room Air Cleaners the ANSI/AHAM AC-1-1988. As aresult of the number of years between development of the AATS and the ATMOSPHERE

Air Purifier the AHAM CADR method went under revision and is now known as theANSI/AHAM AC-1-2002 entitled American National Standard Method for MeasuringPerformance of Portable Household Electric Cord-Connected Room Air Cleaners. Themethod is essentially the same with changes in limits, timing and measurementequipment. The CADR test values for the AATS are validated yearly to remain in the

AHAM Air Cleaner Certification Program and have remained the same since initialtesting in 1996.

Studies to evaluate the Clean Air Delivery Rate of the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier werecompleted at an AHAM approved independent laboratory in triplicate to determineanalytical reproducibility.

Criteria: Clean air Delivery Rate (CADR) no less than250 (equivalent to 7.1 CMM) toclean rooms up to 390 square feet (36 square meters) in size.

Method: Three ATMOSPHERE Air Purifiers were submitted to the AHAM approvedindependent laboratory Intertek ETL-SEMKO in Cortland New York for CADR testing onspeed 5 (maximum) in accordance with the ANSI/AHAM AC-1-2002 for CADR. The

ATMOSPHERE was placed in a specially designed, sealed and characterized 1008-cubic-foot room (fig. 1). The room is equipped with measurement equipment that monitorstotal particle concentration from 0.09 to 0.1 micron in size for tobacco smoke, 0.5 to 3.0micron for dust and 5 to 11 micron for pollen. Measurements are taken for 20 seconds


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Results: In February 2005 ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier model 101076 was tested andobtained the results shown in table 1.

Table 1 Test Results

Model/ConfigurationTest

Particulate

Natural Decay

RateCADR

CADR

STDEV.

Power

(Watts)

Smoke 0.00226 252.1 2.4 54.5Dust 0.00706 258.6 0.9 53.7

Pollen 0.10339 260.4 9.6 54.0

Smoke 0.00235 252.0 2.5 53.7

Dust 0.00797 263.1 1.0 53.6

Pollen 0.10284 265.6 5.8 53.0

Smoke 0.00217 245.9 2.2 54.8

Dust 0.00699 257.8 0.8 54.8

Pollen 0.10832 256.9 7.1 55.1

101076 #15 Speed 5

101076 #16 Speed 5

101076 #17 Speed 5

Notice from Intertek ETL SEMKO AHAM ROOM AIR CLEANER CERTIFICATIONPROGRAM NOTICE OF MAXIMUM CERTIFIED RATING (A-7) dated February 17,

2005 states that according to Test Report No.3072286-001 for ATMOSPHERE model101076 The tests indicate that the certified values must not exceed the following:

Treatable Room SizeMaximum Allowable Certified Rating

Brand Model Dust SMOKE POLLEN ROOM SIZE

Atmosphere 101076 259.8 250 261 388

Conclusions: The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier was determined to have a minimum 250(equivalent to 7.1 CMM) CADR and therefore is greater than the 225 (equivalent to 6.4

CMM) CADR of the Advanced Air Treatment System. The independent laboratorysCADR results are used to determine the largest room size that an air cleaner caneffectively operate within. To be considered effective according to the AHAM standard,an air treatment system must provide at least 80% reduction in a steady stateconcentration of particulate. Based on AHAM criteria and rounding rules we may claimto be effective in rooms up to 390 square feet (36 square meters).

Reference: Visit the Web site at www.cadr.org orwww.aham.org to find information andanswers to specific CADR-related questions.

Discussion: CADR translates into how well an air cleaner can reduce levels of

contamination in a room. This section will provide the reader a clearer picture of howthe CADR translates into room performance for a specific room size. In this section are2 graphs generated from a computer model showing the room performance curve of the

Advanced ATS and the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier based on their CADR value. TheCADR computer model has the ability to predict the performance of air treatmentsystems using various room conditions. The 2 primary conditions picked for thisdemonstration are a continuous source (graph 1) and a single source (graph 2) ofcontamination.


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The single event is defined as a sealed room with no outside influence and has had aone time particle causing event. The conditions include; a natural decay rate for smokeof 0.003, mixing factor of 100%, Room size of 390 square feet (36 square meters)and/or a room volume of 3120 cubic feet (88.3 cubic meters), an outdoor concentrationof 0, an infiltration rate of 0 CFM and 0 air changes per hour.

As can be seen in graph 2 the concentration in the room falls by approximately 14% in50 minutes even without an air treatment system because there is no additionalinfluence of contamination from outside the room. Again the higher CADR of the

ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier has a room cleaning performance advantage over theAdvanced ATS in that it can clean the room to specific levels in less time.

Graph 2

Clean Air Delivery Rate Model

for a Single Event Source in a 390 Square Foot Room

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Time in Minutes

Concentration%

Atmosphere Turbo Speed - 250 CADR

E-2526 Turbo Speed - 225 CADR

Natural Decay

Notes:

- Single event source of contaminant

- Using a natural decay of 0.003

- A room size of 390 square feet

- With no infiltration or air exchange

Claim 2: Single pass efficiency of media, particulate filter, and uni twill be equal to or greater than AATS (Advanced Air TreatmentSystem) at comparable air flow for all speeds

Documentation for this claim is discussed in claim 3 and in claim 5.

Claim 3: Reduces airborne particles down to 0.009 microns

Introduction: Fractional or Single Pass efficiency (SPE) of an air treatment system is aprimary component of air treatment system performance and is different than roomcleaning performance. It is important to understand that the room cleaning performanceof an air treatment system encompasses the entirety of the air treatment system.Particle reduction performance has 3 basic components; the airflow, the SPE and the


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Each of the 3 units was subjected to 2 single pass tests for high (250 CFM or 7.1 cubicmeters per minute (CMM)) and low (50 CFM or 1.42 CMM) speeds for medium sizeparticles (KCl 0.05 to > 1.0 microns using the PMS LPC 0710 particle counter. Oncethe worst case condition was found a third set of tests was run at the worst case speed,in this case high speed (250 CFM or 7.1 CMM), for small size particles (latexmicrospheres) 0.009 to 0.097 microns using the GRIMM UPC 5.402 particle counter.

Results: The results of the 3 samples on both minimum and maximum speeds againstthe particle sizes of 0.05 to 1.0 micron can be seen graphically in Graph 1. The particlesizes represented are the average values of the instrument particle bins. For example,the particle size of 0.25 represents an instrument particle bin size of 0.2 to 0.3 micronsand 0.4 microns represents a bin size of 0.3 to 0.5 microns and so on. The reportedefficiency ratings are truncated in that several (17 out of 18) of the 99.999% valuesrecorded between 0.4 and 0.85 are really greater than 99.999%. Finally the values forgreater than 1.0 microns size particles were left off the graph because not enoughparticles were generated to be able to record 3 digits beyond the decimal point.

Graph 1

Atmosp here 101076/102858 Sys tem Fracti onal Ef fic iency Resu lts

99.970%

99.975%

99.980%

99.985%

99.990%

99.995%

100.000%

0.01

0.10

1.00

Particle Diameter (Microns)

%R

eduction

System #1 Speed 1 -50 CFM






As can be seen in Graph 1 above, the most penetrating particle size was between 0.1and 0.2 microns and that the minimum efficiency for any of the 3 units tested was

99.990% at a maximum speed of 250 CFM (7.1 CMM). The average value for the 3units at the most penetrating particle at low speed (speed 1 - 50 CFM or 1.42 CMM)was 99.996% and at maximum speed (speed 5 250 CFM or 7.1 CMM) was 99.992%.

As expected, the worst case condition is maximum speed. Since the efficiency atspeeds 1 and 5 were so close in value, testing for speeds 2, 3 and 4 were dropped fromthe test matrix.


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The percent reduction scale on the graph was intentionally chosen to representbetween 99.970% and 100.000% to visually demonstrate that as a system the

ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier can deliver better than true HEPA performance. The hurdle fora HEPA claim is 99.97% single pass efficiency at 0.3 microns, at this particle size all 3of the tested ATMOSPHERE Air Purifiers delivered between 99.997% and > 99.999%removal efficiency.

The following graph (Graph 2) represents the small particle size testing of the worstcase speed condition determined in the first test. Maximum speed (speed 5 250 CFMor 7.1 CMM) was determined to be the speed of lowest SPE and was used to validatethe SPE of the small particle size (latex microspheres) from 0.009 to 0.097 microns.The instruments used in these 2 tests have some overlap particle bin sizes and as canbe seen in the graphs, the data overlays fairly well indicating repeatability. Unlike thePMS LPC 0710 which has multiple size bins the GRIMM UPC 5.402 lists single sizeparticle bins and the values represented on the graph are the actual values from theindependent laboratory report.

Again, as seen in the first graph (Graph 1) the most penetrating particle size in Graph 2

was the 0.097 micron particles and the minimum efficiency for any of the 3 units testedwas 99.991% at the maximum testing speed of 250 CFM (7.1 CMM).

Graph 2

Atmosphere 101076/102858 System Fract ional Eff ic iency Res ul ts

99.970%

99.975%

99.980%

99.985%

99.990%

99.995%

100.000%

0.

001

0.

01

0

0.1

00


%

Removed




The criteria for the claim was a greater than or equal to comparison of the single passefficiency of the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier to the Advanced Air Treatment System atcomparable airflow for all speeds.


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Conclusions: The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier can deliver better than true HEPAperformance, it was determined to have minimum single pass efficiency of 99.990% atthe most penetrating particle size of 0.1 microns. Compared to a HEPA particle sizeclaim the ATMOSPHERE system was testing for a single pass efficiency at a minimum of99.997% for the KCl .3 micron particle. The system was also tested, in its worst casecondition of maximum speed, against a minimum particle size of 0.009 microns with aminimum efficiency of 99.996%.

When compared with the Advanced Air Treatment System (AATS), the particle filtrationof ATMOSPHERE is better at every particle size and at any airflow rate.

Claim 4: Filter media effectively reduces airborne particles by up to99.99%

Documentation for this claim is discussed in claim 3 and in claim 5.

Claim 5: Better than HEPA rated flat sheet filter media

Introduction: Fractional or Single Pass efficiency (SPE) of an air treatment system is aprimary component of air treatment system performance. The primary component ofthe SPE of an air treatment system is the particulate filter. The particulate filter itself ismade up of media that is modified by pleating and a filter frame that usually has agasket type material to aid in the sealing of the filter to the air treatment housing. Thefocus of this evaluation is the particle removal or the SPE of the filter media itself, in aflat sheet study. Good efficiency ratings start with the selection of good media. Thisreport is the culmination of several months of working with our manufacturer in theevaluation of several medias to determine one that will deliver acceptable performancein our ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier. The standard reference of filtration performance isHEPA performance, HEPA, which stands for High Efficiency Particulate Arrestor is aperformance rating that is defined as a 99.97% removal efficiency against the 0.3micron particle size at rated airflow.

Studies to evaluate the single pass efficiency of the filtration media for the ATMOSPHEREAir Purifier were completed at an independent laboratory in the fall of 2002.

Criteria: Filter media effectively reduces airborne particles up to 99.99%

Method: The test method employed by LMS Technologies Inc., an independentlaboratory, is the ASHRAE 52.2 standard for fractional efficiency testing using KCl(potassium chloride) as the contaminate. A 12 x 12 section of the media labeledLPH9915R is inserted in a plenum where selected particles can be injected andmonitored both upstream and downstream of the media. The auxiliary blower is turnedon and the velocity of the ductwork system is adjusted to selected flow rates. Thespecific size particles (0.3 to 10.0 microns) are injected upstream of the media andmeasured and then downstream of the media is measured. The upstream count minusthe downstream total divided by upstream multiplied by 100 determines the systemsingle-pass particle removal efficiency and is express as a percentage.


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Results: The media was tested at 10.5 and 15 feet per minute (FPM) face velocities.Correlating the air velocity to airflow requires the knowledge of the working media areaof the filter, which is the total media area minus the media area covered or lost due togluing operations in the modification of the media into a frame. The total media area ofthe ATMOSPHERE filter is estimated to be 29.5 square feet and the working media area isestimated to be 25.35 square feet. The 10.5 FPM face velocity would then equate to an

airflow rate of 259 cubic feet per minute (CFM) and 15 FPM would equal 380 CFM.

As can be seen below in Graph 1, the media was tested down to 0.3 microns forcomparison of a potential HEPA performance claim for the media and the resultsindicate suitable performance for a HEPA claim.

Graph 1

Atmosphere Fil trat ion Media Fracti onal Ef ficiency Resul ts

99.970%

99.975%

99.980%

99.985%

99.990%

99.995%

100.000%

0.10

1.00

10.00


%R

emoved

LP9915R 12" x 12" 10.5 FPM

LP9915R 12" x 12" 15 FPM

Conclusions: The results indicate that the LPH9915R media is HEPA capable withminimum efficiency values of 99.997% at 10.5 FPM which is equivalent to 259 CFM and99.979% at 15 FPM which is equivalent to 380 CFM. The media will be a suitablechoice for a HEPA performance claim for the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier at airflow ratesapproaching 300 CFM when factoring in losses for filter modifications into the frame andinterface losses into the system.

Claim 6: Better than HEPA rated particulate filt ration at maximumspeed

Documentation for this claim is discussed in claim 3.


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Claim 7: Better than HEPA rated particulate filter


Claim 8: Better than HEPA rated system with a single passefficiency greater than 99.99% for particles


Claim 9: Certif ied reductions for airborne pol len, dust, and tobacco

smoke

Pollen, dust and tobacco smoke are used in the AHAM Method for MeasuringPerformance of Portable Household Electric Room Air Cleaners the ANSI/AHAM AC-1-1988. A full discussion of the documentation of this claim is found in Claim 1.

Claim 10. Reduces airborne: bacteria, mold, viruses, fungi, dust miteallergens, and asbestos

Introduction: There are many additional particle contaminants that can be in the air webreathe. Viruses, bacteria, dust mite allergen, animal dander and fungi are foundeverywhere, but are most plentiful in poorly ventilated buildings and improperlymaintained air ducts, air conditioners, humidifiers, dehumidifiers, and contaminatedwater appliances. Fungi (mold) are universally present in homes, but may growsignificantly if there are sources of high humidity.

Test Method: The test method employed by Interbasic Resources Inc. or IBR, an

independent laboratory, is entitled Initial Fractional Retention Efficiency per EN1822using KCl potassium chloride) and latex microspheres as the contaminants. The

ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier was set up in the middle of a duct work system so that selectedparticles could be injected and monitored both upstream and downstream of the

ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier. The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier was turned on and the airflow ofthe ductwork system was balanced to match the airflow of the system under test. Thespecific size particles were injected upstream of the ATMOSPHERE and stabilized atappropriate values then measured downstream of the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier. Theupstream count minus the downstream total divided by upstream then multiplied by 100determines the system single-pass particle removal efficiency expressed as apercentage.

Each of the 3 units was subjected to 2 single pass tests for high (250 CFM or 7.1 cubicmeters/minute (CMM)) and low (50 CFM or 1.42 CMM) speeds for medium sizeparticles (KCl 0.05 to > 1.0 microns using the PMS LPC 0710 particle counter. Oncethe worst case condition was found a third test was run at the worst case speed, in thiscase high speed (250 CFM or 7.1 CMM), for small size particles (latex microspheres)0.009 to 0.097 microns using the GRIMM UPC 5.402 particle counter.


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The data from the particle reduction studies was used to predict the reduction rate for anumber of other particles. This work was done by a professor at The Penn StateUniversity, located in Pennsylvania. He has become a recognized expert at reducingairborne microbes and particles by filtration. He has authored dozens of technicalpapers on the filtration of microbes and has worked in this field since 1995. Theprofessor has also become a consultant to the US government on how to protectbuildings from biological and chemical attack, using the proper filtration and building

design. In addition, he has written a book on protecting buildings from biological andchemical attack.

Results: The following tables show the results of his computer models for the variousparticles. The tables show the log-normal diameter in microns and the single passpercent reduction.

Al lergen

Log-normaldiameter(microns)

PredictedPercent Removal

on Speed 5Cat allergens 2.5 100

Cockroach allergens 3 100Dog allergens 2.7 100Dust Mite Antigens Der pl & Der fl 18.71 100Latex 2.5 100Silkworm fragments 8.66 100

Bacteria



on Speed 5Bacillus subtilis spores 1.1 100Bordetella pertussis 0.245 99.999473Chlamydophila psittaci 0.286 99.999883Corynebacterium diphtheriae 0.698 100Francisella tularensis 0.2 99.997642Haemophilus influenzae 0.285 99.999894Klebsiella pneumoniae 0.671 100Legionella pneumophila 0.52 100Mycobacterium tuberculosis 0.637 100Pseudomonas aeruginosa 0.494 100Staphylococcus epidermidis 0.866 100

Streptococcus pneumoniae 0.707 100


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Fungal Spores



on Speed 5Cladosporium sphaerospermum 3.46 100

Absidia 3.536 100Acremonium 2.449 100Alternaria alternata 11.225 100Aspergillus 3.354 100Corn smut 17.32 100Exophiala 1.41 100Histoplasma capsulatum 2.236 100Mucor plumbeus 7.071 100Paecilomyces variotii 2.828 100Penicillium chrysogenum 3.46 100Pneumocystis carinii 2 100Rhodoturula 13.856 100Saccharomyces cerevisiae 8 100

Stachybotrys chartarum 5.623 100

Virus



on Speed 5

Adenovirus 0.079 99.994657Coliphage MS2 0.024 99.999477Coronavirus (SARS) 0.11 99.991533Coxsackievirus 0.027 99.999430Hantaan virus 0.096 99.992593

Influenza A virus 0.098 99.992385Measles virus 0.058 99.993772Mumps virus 0.164 99.994394Parvovirus B19 0.022 99.999512Reovirus 0.075 99.995259Respiratory Syncytial Virus 0.19 99.996872Rhinovirus 0.023 99.999496Rubella virus 0.061 99.997066Varicella-zoster virus 0.173 99.995347Variola (Smallpox) 0.224 99.998890


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Pollen



on Speed 5Arizona cedar 10 100Arizona cypress 10 100Bald cypress 10 100Birch 25 100Cedar 27 100Cypress 27 100Dandelion 34 100Desert ragweed 17.32 100Elm 28 100False ragweed 17.32 100Giant ragweed 17.32 100Goldenrod 24 100Grass 52 100Hazelnut 25 100

Hickory 26 100Italian cypress 10 100Japanese cedar 10 100Liquidambar (gum tree) 6 100Mugwort 10 100Mulberry 17 100Nettles 13 100Orchard grass 17.32 100Paper mulberry 17.32 100Pollen fragments 8.66 100Ragweed 17.32 100

Short ragweed 17.32 100Slender ragweed 17.32 100

Mineral


PredictedPercent Removalon Turbo Speed

Asbestos Chrysolite fibers 0.100 99.999973

While the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier can effectively reduce the potential airborne

contaminants listed above, the abili ty of any air cleaner to reduce airbornecontaminants is limited to those airborne contaminants that are drawn into thesystem. Since the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier is a room air cleaner, your exposure tothese and other potential airborne contaminants, and their associated healthrisks, will not be completely eliminated by the use of this product.

Addi tional informat ion on part ic le reduction performance is available byconsul ting the references listed in the Appendix.


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Claim 11: Reduces airborne radon decay products

Introduction: Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that is present in manyhomes. Radon is produced as a natural breakdown product from uranium and radiumin the soil. As a gas, it is readily able to be pulled into the home through cracks or holesin the foundation and walls, or by escape from ground water where it readily dissolvesfrom the soil. Outdoors the concentration of radon is heavily diluted by the atmosphere,but it can become concentrated in the home and potentially reach dangerous levels.

The claims presented in this package are a result of application of a documented roommodel for the determination of theoretical radon and radon decay productconcentrations. Models have been and are used on a regular basis by the USEPA,USDOE, AHAM, ASTM and other recognized authorities and organizations to determinecontaminant concentrations on a mass-balance basis. The modifications made to themodel for these RDP (radon decay products) claims results in reported reductions thatare on the extremely conservative side.

Radon gas is relatively harmless since it has a radioactive half-life of about 4 days.Consequently, it is possible to breathe in radon gas and have very little decay whileit is in the lungs. However, radon gas decays into solid particles and these particlesmay be inhaled and deposit in the lungs. These particles are the right size to bereadily deposited into the lung during normal breathing. Deposition of theradioactive particles, called radon decay products, in the lungs permits radioactivedecay near sensitive tissue that can be damaged increasing the risk of developinglung cancer. Scientists estimate that up to 15 percent of all lung cancer deaths areattributable to exposure to radon decay products. Radon decay products aregenerally attached to larger particles in the range of 0.01 um to 1.0 micron and areelementally known as 218Po, 214Pb, 214Bi, and 214Po.

Primary radon and radon decay product testing was conducted at the GrandJunction Technical Measurements Center of the U.S. Department of Energy inColorado using both automated and manual scintillation analysis methods. It shouldbe noted that the ATMOSPHERE does not affect radon gas levels in a room butreduces the resulting radioactive decay product concentrations. It is ideal toimmediately reduce (mitigate) radon decay product exposure if your home tests tobe greater than 4 picocuries per liter (pCi/l) or 0.02 working level (WL), until you canput long-term remedies into effect.

Even following primary mitigation procedures, it is very beneficial to even furtherreduce the exposure to radon decay particles. Testing results of the ATMOSPHEREshow that it is effective in reducing the level of radon decay particles.

If you are interested in more information on radon and radon decay products visit theEPA or WHO website at www.epa.gov/radon / orwww.who.int/ionizing_radiation/env/radon/en/.

Criteria: The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier needs to significantly reduce the radon decayproducts.


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Test Method: Claims for the reduction of the concentration of radon decay productshave been made for each of the air cleaner products produced by Amway AccessBusiness Group in the past. Prior claims were the result of direct testing of productsand filters within radon chambers at U.S. Government testing facilities such as MoundResearch Center (Dayton, OH); Grand Junction Technical Measurements Center(GJTMC) (Grand Junction , CO); and Environmental Monitoring Laboratory (New York,

NY).

Testing in the past was conducted at the Grand Junction Technical MeasurementsCenter in Colorado operated by the U.S. Department of Energy. Calibrations wereconducted at the Environmental Monitoring Laboratory in New York. Testing wasperformed on the Advanced Air Treatment System with data obtained for initial (beforeoperation) and final (during continuous operation) atmospheres. All tests wereconducted utilizing steady-state environments in the chambers, that is, the environmentwas under continuous stable conditions. The chamber was operated in flow-throughmode using 0.5 ACH (air changes per hour) with continuous influent particle generation,but recirculated radon with HEPA filtration in the recirculation loop to prevent re-

entrainment of radon decay particles in the recirculation loop. Continuous radon andworking level monitors were utilized in addition to side-by-side duplicates of fivematching filter grab-sample data sets for each monitoring point. Averaged results fromthe five matching data sets were utilized for final data values. Three product sets andthree filter sets were tested. Tests were conducted at elevated radon concentration inorder to provide statistically acceptable results for radon decay products for the duringcontinuous operation monitoring points.

Large well-regulated radon chambers are not currently available in private sector due tocalibration, grab sample and instrument reference commitments, and governmentchambers have either been taken off-line or converted for military and Department of

Homeland Defense initiatives. Due to the particle removal characteristics of theATMOSPHERE product exceeding those of the Advanced Air Treatment System, it wasdeemed acceptable to model the expected results for the ATMOSPHERE from the data setobtained from testing of the Advanced Air Treatment System. Modeling was conductedthrough the use of differential equation regression mathematical models for thedetermination of the concentration of radon decay products under various roomconditions in indoor air. All model results were determined in 390 square foot (36square meter) rooms with 8 foot (2.4 meter) ceilings using the superior removalcharacteristics of the ATMOSPHERE. Room conditions were set to those utilized in theGrand Junction Technical Measurements Center with the exception of room volume andback-ground deposition rate. Where any potential conflict in actual parameters was

anticipated estimates in room parameters were chosen to provide a deleterious effecton the product claims in order to be as conservative as possible. Consequently, thevalues reported are considered to be lower than those expected during actual productuse.

The model takes into account the room parameters including infiltration and exfiltrationair exchange rates, natural (settling/attachment) decay of the particles, radioactivedecay of each radioactive species in the radon decay chain, enhanced deposition of


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infiltrating particles at the boundary layer, and the ATMOSPHERE particle removal rate(from AHAM AC-1 Test Method).

In order to be conservative, the particle deposition rate has been maintained the samethroughout the model, even though it is expected that the actual deposition rates willincrease as the number of available condensation nuclei particle becomes exceedinglysmall following use of the air cleaner.

A very conservative modification was made to the model. This can be expected toreduce the concentration in the state room by 80% on a steady-state basis when theroom has an air exchange rate of 1.0. In this case the 80% removal was maintained forthe final particle concentration even though an air exchange rate of 0.5 was utilized(actual 87.3% removal). The reason for this modification was that the original testchamber data was obtained at an 0.5 air exchange rate and rather than includeadditional assumptions a much more conservative result estimate was accepted.

The model combined decay re-entrainment, particle settling, and differential depositionof particle distribution into a single particle decay rate (natural decay).

Results:The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier has been shown to reduce airborne radon decay products.The individual decay products are:

1. Radium A (218Po) by 24-26%. Radium A (218Po) is the first radioactive decayparticle produced in the radon decay chain and was reduced by 24-26%

2. Radium B (214Pb) is the second radioactive decay particle produced in the radondecay chain and was reduced by 74-79%.

3. Radium C (214

Bi) and C(214

Po) combine to form the third and fourth radioactivedecay particles produced in the Radon decay chain and were reduced by 86-93%.

Conclusion: The ATMOSPHERE has been shown to reduce the Radon working level(WL) by 72-75%. Working level (WL) is a measure of exposure to alpha-emittingradiation particles.

Addi tional information on radon reduct ion is available by consulting thereferences listed in the Appendix.

Claim 12: Odor reductions for smoke, pet odors, and cooking smells

Introduction: The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier has a carbon filter which contains aproprietary blend of 3 different activated carbons. One of the primary purposes of thefilter is to adsorb and chemisorb household odors. Panel testing was used todetermine if the filter can reduce or eliminate some household odors.


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Criteria: In order to make such a claim large portions of the panelists need to claim thatthe ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier reduces or eliminates a number of household odors.

Test Method: The Atmosphere Air Purifier was panel tested in the United States (29panelists), Japan, Korea and Malaysia (20 panelists each). The panelists wereperiodically queried regarding the appearance, functionality and performance of the airpurifier. Among those queries was a question regarding the performance of the purifier

in terms of the reduction of various household odors over a 6 month usage period.

Results: The table below show the percent of panelists who said that the systemreduced or eliminated some specific odors.

Percent of Panelists Claiming Reduced or Eliminated Odors

Init ial 1 month 2 months 6 monthsGarlic 15% 43% 32% 35%Chili 13% 29% 40% 35%Curry 15% 44% 37% 52%

Fish/fish Smoke 25% 56% 57% 61%Meat/Meat Smoke 32% 50% 56% 61%Oil (frying) Smoke 36% 58% 66% 61%Other Cooking Odors 40% 59% 70% 68%Stale/Musty Odors 37% 52% 52% 78%Cigarette Smoke(while smoking) 24% 46% 54% 68%Cigarette Smoke(after smoking) 23% 47% 56% 85%Pet Odors 25% 35% 46% 61%Household Cleaners 31% 43% 58% 90%

Conclusion: A high percentage of the panelists reported that the ATMOSPHERE AirPurifier was effective in reducing a number of various odors.

Claim 13. A minimum 50% improvement in common household odorreduction compared to Advanced ATS

Criteria: A minimum of 50% improvement in odor reduction with some surrogate acidand alkaline odor compounds

Test Method: The documentation of this claim is based on 2 different tests in a side byside comparison of the two products. Surrogate odor compounds were slowly pumpedinto a small test room with an air treatment system in the room. The concentration inthe room was monitored and compared. Ammonia, an amine compound, was chosen asan alkaline odor, and amine odors are common components of some cooking and bodyodors. Acetic acid, a carboxylic acid, was selected as the acidic odor, and carboxylicacids are common components of some cooking and body odors.


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In order to document ozone reduction, the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier must significantlyreduce the ozone concentration.

TEST METHODThe performance of the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier was tested by operating the system,while an ozone generator was also operating in the room. The concentration of ozonein the room was compared with and without the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier. The ozone

was generated by an Air-Zone, Ozone Air Purifier, Model XT 800, with a productionrange of 40-800 mg of ozone per hour, operating in the 50% duty cycle. The ozonewas analyzed by a Teledyne/API Photometric O3 Analyzer, Model 400E. Graph 1shows the concentration of ozone in the room over a 180 minute time period. Over aseries of 7 tests the concentration in the room ranged from about 1180 ppb to 1680 ppbat the end of a 180 minute (3 hour) time period. This demonstrates that the level ofozone generated in the room exceeded any potential concentrations that would beencountered in a home. The ozone concentrations in the room, after 3 hours was 12 to16 times the limits for a work place environment in the US. Ozone generators based oncorona discharge are impacted by the relative humidity. Increased humidity will result inlower ozone production. Some of the variation in the concentration of ozone in the room

was due to changes in the relative humidity.

The test room was the AHAM #1 Test Room located in Research and Development.The room has a volume of 31 cubic meters and is designed so that it is very similar to astandard AHAM test room. The room is sealed and has a very low air exchange rate.

The ozone generator uses a corona discharge to generate the ozone and the amount ofozone is impacted by the humidity level. As humidity rises the amount of ozonegenerated is decreased. This contributed to the variation in the concentration in the testroom.


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Graph 1

Ozone Concentration with No Air Treatment System

w/ Ozone Generator on 50% Duty Cycle

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220

Time (minutes)

Ozone(ppb)

First

Second

Third

Fourth

Fifth

Sixth

Seventh

A day of testing included tests with and without an ATMOSPHERE in the room, and thehumidity was monitored to assure that there was no significant shift during the tests.This method helps assure that the amount of ozone generated in the 2 tests is similar.If a significant shift in the relative humidity occurred between the tests, the data wouldhave been discarded for the day.

RESULTSOn days 5, 6, and 7, tests were also run with an ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier in the testroom, on speed 5. The reduction of ozone by the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier, at the 3 hourpoint in the studies, is shown in the table below. The data shows a reduction of about95% in each of the 3 different studies.

Without Atmosphere With Atmosphere1420 67 95.31180 62 94.71740 79 95.5

Approximate Ozone (ppb) PercentReduction

The following graph of the ozone concentration in the test room during the tests of theATMOSPHERE Air Purifier, show that the room becomes steady state after about 30minutes of testing. This indicates that the ATMOSPHERE was removing the ozone atabout the same rate that it is being produced.


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Ozone Concentration with Atmosphere Air Purifier

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Time (minutes)

Concentration(ppb)

Atmosphere - First

Atmosphere - Second

Atmosphere - Third

CONCLUSIONTesting of the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier shows a reduction of ozone by more than 90%.

Claim 15. Reduces formaldehyde by up to 70%

Criteria: The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier must reduce formaldehyde by greater than 70%in a test that simulates a treatable room of 390 square feet (36 square meters).

Introduction: The carbon filter in the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier contains a proprietaryblend of three different activated carbons, and two of them contain catalysts to oxidizeformaldehyde. Formaldehyde is a volatile compound that is an indoor air contaminant.It is emitted by textiles, adhesives and some construction materials especially particleboard and plywood. It is also emitted by gas stoves and kerosene heaters.Formaldehyde is very irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes, and is one of themost common indoor air contaminants.

Typical new construction has lower levels of formaldehyde than in the past, becausemany of the new construction materials have been designed to release lessformaldehyde. There are a number of regulations and guidelines in place on theamount of formaldehyde that can be released by construction materials.Formaldehyde is a pungent smelling gas which can cause problems with the eyes,nose, and throat in some people at 0.1 ppm. It can also cause asthma attacks.Formaldehyde has been shown to cause cancer in animals and may cause cancer inhumans. The World Health Organization has guidelines of 0.1 ppm maximum


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concentration for indoor air, and Japan has limits of 0.08 ppm for indoor air. There areno agencies that regulate indoor air in the US. However, the California Air ResourcesBoard recommends less than 0.1 ppm in indoor air, with a target of less than 0.05 ppm.

Test Method: The performance of the ATMOSPHERE system was tested in a room whileformaldehyde was continuously emitted into the room. Two carbon filters were tested induplicate testing for formaldehyde reduction performance with new filters and at the end

of a simulated 4 month rated life on speed 5.

The testing was done in 3 stages:1. INITIAL PERFORMANCE The initial performance of two filters was measured

in a room with a constant feed of formaldehyde into the room.2. FILTER LOADING Four months of filter life was simulated by loading the filters,

over a 13-14 day period, with the amount of formaldehyde the filters would beexposed to, in a 4 month period.

3. FINAL PERFORMANCE The final performance of the two filters was measuredin the same manner as the initial performance.

The initial performance was measured by the operating the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier in aroom that was contaminated with formaldehyde. Formaldehyde was metered at 2.4milligrams per hour into a 31 cubic meter, tightly sealed room for a 20 hour test period.The method for determining the contamination rate of 2.4 milligrams per hour isdiscussed below. When no air treatment system was in the room the concentration offormaldehyde averaged 0.46 ppm. The concentration of formaldehyde was measuredcontinuously during the 20 hours with the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier in the room operatingon speed 5, using an infrared spectrophotometer with a 26.4 meter path length gas cell.

The feed rate was determined from a large database of thousands of measurements ofindoor air formaldehyde concentrations, in newly constructed homes in Japan. The

Japanese formaldehyde criterion is used in this test because the government tests alarge number of homes, and has the largest amount of information on the contaminant.Since the Japanese have guidelines on formaldehyde in homes they generate moredata than other countries. Based on a survey in 2002 of 1,519 homes, the averageconcentration of formaldehyde was 0.043 ppm. Newly constructed homes typicallyhave much higher formaldehyde concentrations than older homes. As the constructionmaterials age the amount of formaldehyde emitted by them decreases. Therefore, theconcentrations of formaldehyde in the database, represent some worst case conditions.Nearly all homes will have concentrations lower than used in this study.

The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier can treat rooms up to 390 square feet (36 square meter).

If a 390 square foot room had a fresh air exchange rate of 50% of the air per hour, itwould require 2.26 milligrams per hour of formaldehyde emitted, for the room to reach aconcentration of 0.043 ppm. Therefore, we needed to meter more than 2.26 milligramsper hour into our test room to model a treatable room. The test was designed to meter2.4 milligrams per hour, to assure that it would exceed the 2.26 milligrams per hourminimum. These calculations are shown in the Formaldehyde Loading Calculations inthe following table.


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Fresh Air Infiltration

Fresh Air Exchanges/hour 0.5

Cubic meters/hour 43.884

Cubic feet/hour 1560

Formaldehyde Concentration in Room

ppm 0.042

milligrams/cubic meter 0.0516

Formaldehyde Emission Rate

milligrams/hour 2.26

mg/day 54.35

mg/4 months 6086.7

The final performance was tested in the same manner as the initial performance test.

The test method for the formaldehyde testing was based on data and test conditionsthat exceed most homes. The concentrations of formaldehyde were based on newconstruction, and the room size is very large. In addition, the testing simulated the ratedlife of the carbon filter to demonstrate the performance at the end of the filter life.

Results: The table below shows the test results for the initial and final performancetests.

Formaldehyde Concentration in Performance Tests

ppmNo Air Treatment 0.455

PercentReduction

Initial - ATMOSPHERE #1 0.130 71.4%

Initial - ATMOSPHERE #2 0.090 80.2%

Final - ATMOSPHERE #1 0.068 85.1%

Final - ATMOSPHERE #2 0.050 89.0%

Conclusion: The testing showed that the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier reduced theformaldehyde by more than 70% with a new filter and at the end of the rated life of thefilter.

Claim 16. Reduces dioxin and dibenzofurans by up to 75%

Introduction: Dioxin is the generic name for a group of 210 chlorinated aromaticcompounds having two linked benzene rings. The benzene rings are linked with eithertwo oxygen atoms (dibenzodioxins), or one oxygen atom (dibenzofurans). Among the210 individual chlorinated dioxin and furan molecules, 17 compounds in this class7dioxins and 10 furansare considered toxic, and the most toxic individual compounds


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are 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin and 1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzodioxin. Dioxin anddioxin-like compounds, including polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs),polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and some coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs), are identified as endocrine disruptors. Recently, the U.S. National ToxicologyProgram upgraded 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzodioxin from reasonably anticipated to bea human carcinogen to known to be a human carcinogen.

Dioxins and dibenzofurans are a group of compounds formed during combustion andindustrial processes, and are found in the environment at low concentrations. Thesecompounds are a health concern because they can accumulate in the body, and areextremely toxic, causing a number of different health effects.

These compounds have extremely low volatility and when they are airborne they tend toattach to dust particles. In addition, they strongly adsorb on activated carbon, whichhas a very high capacity for them.

Criteria: The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier must reduce dioxins and dibenzofurans bygreater than 70% in a test that simulates a treatable room of 390 square feet (36 square

meters).

Test Method: The performance of the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier was modeled in a room.Dioxins and dibenzofurans are extremely toxic and a laboratory test of an air treatmentsystem is not possible. The performance of the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier was computermodeled by a respected university, using methods that have been accepted by manyscientists.

Most of the dioxins and dibenzofurans in the air are attached to particles in the air,which can be removed from the air by a HEPA filter. However, these compounds on thetrapped particles will slowly bleed off as air passes by them. Dioxins and dibenzofurans

are very strongly adsorbed on activated carbon. Therefore, a good particle filterfollowed by a good activated carbon filter may be capable of removing them from theair.

Michigan Technological University has developed a number of mathematical models foractivated carbon adsorption. They have been publishing their work on these models forover 20 years, and they are highly regarded in the field. The models have been testedmany times by predicting the performance of a carbon filter, and demonstrating in actualtests that the models are an accurate predictor of actual performance. They havedeveloped and sell software that uses their models.

Dioxins and dibenzofurans are too toxic to work with in a laboratory, but they can bemodeled. Research and Development contracted with Michigan TechnologicalUniversity to model the performance of the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier for the reduction ofdioxins and dibenzofurans. We supplied data about the activated carbon filter to themfor use in the models.

We also tested the ATMOSPHERE with toluene in a test chamber, to show the adsorptioncharacteristics of the filter. Toluene is a volatile solvent that has fairly low toxicity. They


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used the data from one compound, toluene, to predict the reduction of othercompounds.

The university put the parameters for the carbon filter and the chemical characteristicsof the dioxins and dibenzofurans in their model. They also put in the concentrations ofdioxins and dibenzofurans into the model that were much higher than typically found inair. The model also required information such as room size and rate of outside air

infiltration, since most of the dioxins and dibenzofurans in the air in the home come fromthe outside air. The computer model predicted the adsorption of these compounds.

Results: The model predicted that the dioxins would be reduced by about 80% for atime period that is much longer than the rated life of the filter.

The following table shows the overall removal efficiency for the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier,for 4 dioxins in a room with various AER (air exchange rates). The AER effects the databecause the model assumes that the dioxins are entering the room from outside, andthe amount of outside air entering the room effects the amount of dioxins entering theroom.

Overall Removal Efficiencies at Various Ratios of Qf/Q (Assuming Zero Mass Emission

from the HEPA filter).

Overall Removal Efficiency (%)Compound

Qf/Q = 4.99

(AER = 1 hr-1)

Qf/Q = 10

(AER = 0.5 hr-1)

Qf/Q = 15

(AER = 0.333 hr-1)

2,3,7,8-TCDD 78.7 86.7 90.0

OCDD 89.8 89.9 90.0

2,3,7,8-TCDF 78.0 86.6 90.0

OCDF 89.8 89.9 90.0

TCDD TetrachlorodibenzodioxinOCDD - OctachlorodibenzodioxinTCDF TetrachlorodibenzofuranOCDF Octachlorodibenzofuran

CLAIM 17: Low speed dB lower than Advanced ATS with effectiveperformance

Introduction: Sound is defined as any pressure variation that can be heard by ahuman ear. This encompasses a range of frequencies from 20 Hz to 20 kHz for ayoung, healthy human ear. In terms of sound pressure level, audible sound rangesfrom the threshold of hearing at 0 dB to the threshold of pain, which can be over 130dB.


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The weakest sound a healthy human ear can detect has a pressure change of 20millionths of a Pascal (20 PA) some 5,000,000,000 times less than normalatmospheric pressure. A pressure change of 20 Pa is so small that it causes theeardrum to deflect a distance less than the diameter of a single hydrogen molecule.

Amazingly, the ear can tolerate sound pressures more than a million times higher.Thus, if we measured sound in Pa, we would end up with some quite large,unmanageable numbers. To avoid this, another scale is used the decibel or dB scale.

The decibel is not an absolute unit of measurement. It is a ratio between a measuredquantity and an agreed reference level. The dB scale is logarithmic and uses thehearing threshold of 20 Pa as the reference level. This is defined as 0 dB. When wemultiply the sound pressure in Pa by 10, we add 20 dB to the dB level. So 200 Pacorresponds to 20 dB (re 20 Pa), 2000 Pa to 40 dB and so on. Thus, the dB scalecompresses a range of a million Pa into a range of only 120 dB. This measurement isreferred to as the Sound Pressure Level (SPL)

Although an increase of 6 dB represents a doubling of the sound pressure, an increaseof about 10 dB is required before the sound subjectively appears to be twice as loud tothe human ear. The smallest change we can hear is about 3 dB. The subjective or

perceived loudness of a sound is determined by several complex factors. One suchfactor is that the human ear is not equally sensitive at all frequencies. It is mostsensitive to sounds between 2 kHz and 5 kHz, and less sensitive at higher and lowerfrequencies.

Sound pressure level alone is not an accurate measure of how loud a sound isperceived by the human ear. Loudness is affected by the level of the sound, thefrequency and time. Frequency is a factor since the human ear hears differentfrequencies at different levels. Time also effects how the ear hears a sound becausethere is a delay in how quickly the ear hears a sound at full level. Sound Quality ismeasured in sones and takes all these factors into account. Unlike dB, sones is a linear

measurement. A sound that is twice as many sones is perceived as twice as loud.Thus, an increase in the number of sones is a decrease in the quality of the sound.

Criteria 1: Low speed dB will be lower than the Advanced ATS (E2526) and still haveeffective performance.Criteria 2: Sound pressure level (dB) and sound quality (sones) on all other speeds willbe equal or improved over that of the Advanced ATS at comparable airflows.

Method: Sound measurements were taken on 10 production ATMOSPHERE Air Purifiersin a sound chamber to eliminate background noise using the equipment listed below:

B&K FFT 3550 contain within is: B&K signal analyzer type 2035 B&K power amp type 2706 B&K microphone type 4165


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Microphone position was suspended 2 feet from the ground in front of the unit, onemeter away from ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier units. The ambient sound pressure level inthe room with the units turned off was 23.4 dB and the sound quality was 0.36 sones.

Results: Table 3 shows the measurements of ten units at nominal CADR values.Table 1 below summarizes the data and includes similar data from the Advanced ATS.

Table 1

CADR SPL CADR SPLCFM dBA CFM dBA

Off 0 23.4 0.36 Off 0 23.4 0.36

-- -- -- 1 50 27.6 0.78LOW 80 33 1.5 2 100 39.8 2.32

MEDIUM 130 42 3.6 3 150 49.2 5.09HIGH 190 49 6.3 4 200 55.9 8.39

TURBO 225 52 8 5 250 59.9 11.49

Sound

Quality

SonesSPEED

Advanced ATS: ATMOSPHERE:

SPEED

Sound

Quality

Sones

As can be seen, the CADR values for the two models are different for the comparablespeeds (low speed is 80 CFM (2.27 CMM) for the AATS and 50 CFM (1.42 CMM) for

ATMOSPHERE.

Conclusions: ATMOSPHERE has a new quiet speed that provides effective performance(CADR of 50 CFM or 1.42 CMM) and has significantly reduced sound pressure leveland improved sound quality measurements.

The remaining speeds have a slightly higher SPL than the Advanced ATS. The SoundQuality measurements for the remaining speeds also indicate that ATMOSPHERE will beperceived louder on those speeds than the Advanced ATS.

Claim 18: Twenty percent volume decrease, compared with AATS(Focus on footprint and height)

Introduction: The intent of the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier is to be easier for the customerto transport within the usage environment, the unit size to be reduced and the totalweight to be decreased as compared to the current product Advanced Air TreatmentSystem.

Criteria: A 15% reduction of product exterior volume.

Test Method: The documentation (chart) of this claim is based on measuring overall

envelope (height, width, depth) of the Advanced Air Treatment System and theATMOSPHERE Air Purifier:


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Size Comparison - ADVANCED / ATMOSPHERE

Advanced

AirTreatment

ATMOSPHEREAir Puri fier - % Difference

Height (inch) 34.98 28.9 -17%

Depth (inch) 11.1 10.69 -4%

Width (inch) 15.37 15.43 0%

Cube Volume* (inch^3) 5968 4767 -20%

* Cube Volume = Total cube consumed by the product in a room floor area xheight of product.

Conclusion: Based on the cube volume, the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier is 20% smallerthan the Advanced ATS.

Claim 19: Weight comparable to AATS

Introduction: Although the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier has a higher CADR, heaviercarbon filter and a number of other improvements, the goal was to not have anysignificant increase in weight and preferably less weight.

Conclusion: The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier weighs approximately 1 pound (0.4kilogram) less than the AATS, which is 3.5% less than the AATS.

Claim 20: Comfortable carry-handle

Introduction: The design was to include a handle or handles to make it convenient tomove the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier from room to room, making it very portable.

Results: The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier has been designed to specifically address theergonomic grip sensation and comfort when picking up and transporting the productabout in the use environment.

The Advanced ATS utilizes a grip surface of not much more than typical plastic wallthickness (.120+) material loaded across four fingers (typically concentrated at the 2ndknuckle) of the hand. The pressure generated on the fingers of the 11.3 Kg productwas notably high, even though the product was designed for short distance transport.The Advanced ATS product is also designed to be carried by only one hand.


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The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier improved on the grip sensation and comfort by making theloaded hand(s) support the product across four fingers (2nd knuckle to fingertips) in theone hand lift configuration, and across six fingers (2nd knuckle to fingertips) in the twohand lift configuration. The finger pressure sensation associated with the lifting of the

ATMOSPHERE is significantly reduced in comparison to that of the Advanced ATS.

The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier has also improved on the location(s) of lift handles in

comparison to that of the Advanced Air Treatment. The Advanced product utilizes asingle handle centrally located in the back of the product, thereby requiring the user(transporter) to bend down to pick up the product for movement. The product was thenlocated high-up under the shoulder, significantly varying ease/difficulty of carry andassociated comfort.

The ATMOSPHERE utilized a central handle located high in the back of the product forone hand transport. The single hand transport is better when done in the ATMOSPHEREproduct due to superior weight balancing (front to back, side to side) of the product andthe height of the handle location negating the bend down operation.

For the added two hand transport feature, the ATMOSPHERE located a set of handles atthe outside top (L&R) of the product. Once again the location created a balanced load(front to back, side to side) when lifted from these locations. The outside locations havealso made it possible for two persons together to lift and carry the product.

Claim 21: Simple filter replacement

Introduction: The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier is shipped with plastic bags over the particleand carbon filter. The customer must open the front of the unit, remove the bags, andinstall the filters back in the system. In addition, the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier has twofilters that need to be replaced periodically, the HEPA (3-60 months) and Odor (4-12

months) filters, and a prefilter that needs to be cleaned every 2-12 months. In order tocomplete these tasks, the consumer must open the unit and remove the filter(s). It isimportant that the design of the product is user friendly and replacing and cleaning thefilters is relatively easy.

There are several steps involved in each maintenance (replacement or cleaning)situation. Each one begins with removing the front cover, has a number of steps inbetween, and ends with re-setting the filter monitor(s). Even though the unit does notrequire frequent maintenance, it is important that each step is intuitive and notphysically demanding. If this goal is not accomplished certain groups of people mayhave difficulty performing these tasks and it could lead to damage to the unit and

customer dissatisfaction.

Criteria: A minimum of 60% of panelists saying rating the steps as easy (somewhateasy to extremely easy)


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Test Method: The documentation of this claim is based on data from 3 different paneltests:

1. Panel test using Quixtar employees (29)2. Panel test using Amway Japan Limited (AJL) Employees (20)3. Panel test using Amway Korea Limited (AKL) Employees (20)

Specifically, the product feature that was analyzed was the ease maintaining theATMOSPHERE Air Purifier.

Results: The majority (>70%) of the panelists from around the world rated the steps tobe somewhat easy to extremely easy.

The table below shows the percent of panelists who rated each of the steps somewhateasy to extremely easy.

Operation Percent

Removing front cover 75%Removing the prefilter 78%Removing the HEPA filter 78%Removing the carbon filter 83%Removing the filters from the bags 75%Replacing the carbon filter 79%Replacing the HEPA filter 79%Replacing the prefilter 79%

Attaching the front cover 73%Resetting the carbon filter monitor 67%Resetting the HEPA filter monitor 67%

Claim 22. Convenient cord storage

Introduction: The ATMOSPHERE has a relatively long electrical cord, to give customersflexibility in where they located the air purifier. However, if an electrical outlet is veryclose to the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier, the excess cord can be a problem.

Conclusion: A cord storage feature is conveniently located on the bottom of theATMOSPHERE Air Purifier. The bottom has an extension where the excess cord can be

wrapped.

Claim 23. Remote control storage on unit

Introduction:The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier has a remote control feature for customers.When the remote control is not being used it can be stored on the unit.


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Conclusion: At the bottom of the handle on the back of the unit is a cavity designed tofit the remote control to store it in that location.

Claim 24. Filter life will at least match the life of AATS filters (at 24hours/day): Carbon fi lter 4 months, HEPA fi lter 12 months

Introduction:The Advanced Air Treatment System (AATS) had a rated life of 4

months for the carbon filter, and 12 months for the particulate filter on any speedsetting. The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier has the same rated life for the filters on Speed 5.

Results: The method of documenting the life of the carbon filter is discussed in detail inthe section on Claims 12, 13 ,14 and 15. The method documenting the life of theparticle filter is discussed in detail in the section on Claim 26.

Claim 25: Colorfu l LED filter replacement indicators

Introduction: TheATMOSPHERE Air Purifier uses an icon for each filter to indicate the

status of the filter. The icons are backlit with a different color to indicate the status.

Results:

Green The filter is in good operating condition and no action is necessary. This isused for all three filters.

Amber The filter has two weeks remaining before it will need to be replaced. This isused on the Particulate and Odor filters.

Flashing Red The filter needs to be cleaned (Prefilter) or replaced (Particulate andOdor filters).

Conclusion: The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier uses LEDs as indicators of when to changethe filters.

Claim 26: Carbon filter life is based on speed and time of operation

Introduction: The activated carbon filter has a limited capacity to remove airbornecontaminants such as household odors and formaldehyde. The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifieralso has 5 speeds of operation that can be used. The speeds are selected by the userin Manual mode and determined by the sensor level in Auto mode. The amount of airpassing through the odor filter is dependent on how long the unit is turned on and at

PrefilterParticulate Carbon


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levels represented by the display of the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier where level 1 = 25micrograms/m3 (0 - 50g/m3), level 2 = 75 micrograms/m3 (50 - 100g/m3), level 3 =125 micrograms/m3 (100 - 150g/m3), Level 4 = 175 micrograms/m3 (150 - 200g/m3)and level 5 = 200 microgram/m3s (200 and greaterg/m3).

The results of the loading test and the model result in the filter life times that aresummarized below in Table 1, the life of the particulate filter ranges between 4.5 years

(1662 days) and 0.23 years (84 days) depending on speed and particulatecontamination within the specified 388 square foot room of operation. These filter lifetimes are for the unit running 24 hours per day.

Table 1: 24 Hrs/day

Display Level 1 Bar 2 Bars 3 Bars 4 Bars 5 Bars

Particulate Level 25 ug/ m3

75 ug/ m3

125 ug/ m3

175 ug/ m3

200 ug/ m3

Time Year Year Year Year Year

Speed 1 4.5534 1.5178 0.9112 0.6507 0.5693

Speed 2 2.2419 0.7471 0.4482 0.3202 0.2801

Speed 3 2.2000 0.7332 0.4396 0.3140 0.2747

Speed 4 2.1082 0.7027 0.4215 0.3011 0.2635

Speed 5 1.8496 0.6166 0.3699 0.2642 0.2312

Tables 2 and Table 3 below show the filter life if the unit was running 12 hours per dayand 8 hours per day.

Table 2: 12 Hrs/day



75 ug/ m3

125 ug/ m3

175 ug/ m3

200 ug/ m3


Speed 1 9.1068 3.0356 1.8224 1.3014 1.1386

Speed 2 4.4838 1.4942 0.8964 0.6404 0.5602

Speed 3 4.4000 1.4664 0.8792 0.6280 0.5494

Speed 4 4.2164 1.4054 0.8430 0.6022 0.5270

Speed 5 3.6992 1.2332 0.7398 0.5284 0.4624

Table 3: 8 Hrs/day



75 ug/ m3

125 ug/ m3

175 ug/ m3

200 ug/ m3


Speed 1 13.6602 4.5534 2.7336 1.9521 1.7079

Speed 2 6.7257 2.2413 1.3446 0.9606 0.8403

Speed 3 6.6000 2.1996 1.3188 0.9420 0.8241

Speed 4 6.3246 2.1081 1.2645 0.9033 0.7905

Speed 5 5.5488 1.8498 1.1097 0.7926 0.6936

Due to the potential for contamination on the filter, there is a five year limit on the life ofthe filter. This limit is not shown in the above tables.


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Claim 28: Auto feature tied to particle sensor readings


Claim 29. Colorfu l LED displays to indicate changes in room air

quality

Introduction: The particle sensor on the ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier displays the amountof dust in the untreated air in a display and can automatically control the motor speed toclean the room, if the system is placed in the Auto Mode.

The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier uses a five bar display to indicate the particulate level inthe room. The display is located on the front panel of the unit between the Turbo buttonand the Auto button. The bars turn on from the bottom of the display to the top, themore bars that are on, the higher the particulate level. In addition to the number of barslit the color of the bars that are on also change from green to amber to red as the

particulate level increases. The bars also get wider as they go up. When one bar is on,it is green. When two or three bars are on, they are all amber. When four or five barsare on, they are all red.

The level that is displayed is determined with the use of a particulate sensor to monitorthe amount of particles in the air. The sensor is calibrated to clean air (C.A.). Themanufacturers specification for the sensor output is 1V per 200 micrograms of dust percubic meter. The nominal values used for the particulate levels represented by thedisplay of the ATMOSPHERE are:

Level Sensor Output (V) Particle Density (g/m3 )1 Clean Air (C.A.) 25 micrograms /m3 (0 - 50g/ m3)2 C.A.+0.25V 75 micrograms/ m3 (>50 - 100g/m3)3 C.A. + 0.5V 125 micrograms/ m3 (>100 - 150g/m3)4 C.A. + 0.75V 175 micrograms m3/ (>150 - 200g/m3)5 C.A. + 1.0V 200 micrograms/m3 (>200g/m3)

The output of the sensor is sampled every 50 milliseconds. There are two ways theinformation is stored.

DustSensor Display


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Average value: The samples are used to create an average value for the particulatelevel. Every five seconds (100 samples), a desired display level is determined based onthe level indicated by the current average value.

Peak value: Every 10 seconds the system saves the level of the highest sample (peak)that was measured in that 10 seconds. A total of six 10 second windows are used,therefore after one minute there are six peak values stored. The seventh peak that is

saved replaces the first peak, the eighth replaces the second and so on so that there isalways the last six peaks saved. After the first six peaks are measured, every tenseconds (a new peak has been recorded) a desired display level is determined basedon the level indicated for the number of peaks as shown in the table.

The actual display is set to the higher of the two methods.

In addition to providing information for the user, this same information is used by theunit when in Auto mode to determine what speed is needed to clean the room. As thedisplay level increases and decreases, so does the motor speed.

The sensor display and motor speed increase as quickly as the sensor measures anincrease in the particulate level. In order to allow time to remove the particulate fromthe air, the display and speed will come down one level at a time every minute even ifthe air is clean.

Claim 30. Particle sensor

Introduction: The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier contains a dust sensor which displays thelevel particle contamination in a room.

A description of the function of the particle sensor is discussed under claim 29.

Claim 31. 5-speed fan operation

Introduction: The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier has 5 speeds of operation that can beused. The speeds are selected by the user in Manual mode and determined by the

In the following table, the levels refer to our existing particle levels (based on going up).There are 6 peaks recorded over a one minute period (one minute chosen because that isthe required time at each level to come down, so no need to decide quicker than that), oneevery 10 seconds. The table shows the speed and display level we would use. Where thereis a conflict, use the higher number (i.e. 3 peaks at Level 1 and 3 peaks at level 5, usespeed 4).

# of peaks 1 2 3 4 5 6Level 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Level 2 2 2 2 2 2 2Level 3 2 2 2 3 3 3Level 4 3 3 4 4 4 4

Level 5 3 4 4 5 5 5


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sensor level in Auto mode. The five speeds and the motor speed (RPM) and airflow(CFM) are shown in the table below.

METHOD OF DOCUMENTATIONThe speeds and air flow rates were verified using the Torrington model 950 wind tunnel.The graph below shows ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier test results for motor speed in blueand airflow in red.

Atmosphere Plant Tr ial

Air flo w & Moto r Speed

6/21/2005

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

350.0

54321

Speed Setting

Airflow(

cfm)

0

300

600

900

1200

1500

1800

2100

M

otorSpeed(rpm)

Claim 32: ATMOSPHERE includes a Turbo mode with a separate displayand automatic quick clean operation

Introduction: The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier has 5 speeds of operation that can beused. The speeds are selected by the user in Manual mode by pressing the Speedbutton. In order to get speed 5, the user must repetitively press the button until theLEDS indicate speed 5. The unit will then remain at speed 5 until the user makes achange. The user can also select a time duration by pressing the Timer button. Turbo

Speed 1 2 3 4 5MotorRPM 550 898 1244 1592 1938Unit CFM 50 100 150 200 250

Cu. m/min 1.42 2.83 4.25 5.66 7.1


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mode allows the user to automatically set the unit to speed 5 for 30 minutes with onetouch of the Turbo button. The purpose of this feature is to use the highestperformance level to quickly clean a room. An example of an application would besome smoke from cooking. The speed LEDs will indicate speed 5 and the Timer LEDswill indicate hour. (If the unit was in the Timer mode when the Turbo button waspressed, the Timer LEDs will continue to indicate the time remaining in the Timer mode.

At the end of the Turbo mode there will be hour less time remaining in the Timer

mode.) When the hour ends, the unit will return to the previous mode of operation.During the operation of Turbo mode, the unit is at speed 5 which results in a CADR of250 (7.1 CMM), the maximum the unit provides. During Turbo mode, the fan icon onthe Turbo button is lit to differentiate Turbo mode from Timer mode at speed 5.

Turbo button

Fan icon

Timer LEDs

Speed LEDs

RESULTS: The unit was turned on and operating in the Timer mode set to 4 hours atspeed 2. After the unit is running the Turbo button was pressed. The fan icon wasverified to turn on and the unit was on speed 5. After hour at speed 5, the unitreturned to speed 2 and the fan icon was turned off. The Timer mode ended correctlyafter 4 hours. The time accumulated and saved by the unit is also verified againstactual time.

Claim 33: Control panel with color LED display and audible toneindicators

Introduction: The ATMOSPHERE Air Purifier has 21 locations that use LEDs forindication of the status of the unit. The location and use of the indicators are shownbelow.

There is also an audible indicator used (not shown) in ATMOSPHERE. Three differentsounds are used.

1 short beep Used whenever a button is pressed and the filter LEDs are allgreen. 3 short beeps Used whenever a button is pressed and a filter needs to be

replaced. 2 short beeps Used to indicate a filter reset was successful.


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GMN 10083 (December 2004)3.9) Oven Aging: Conform3.11.2) Wear Resistance

Blue Rohm and Haas sample:Silver Rohm and Haas sample:

White Rohm and Haas sample:White PPG sample:

In progressNonconformingNonconforming

NonconformingNonconforming3.12) Scuff and Mar Resistance: Conform

Conclusion: The data demonstrates that the painted surfaces have good durability.

Claim 36: Efficient EC style motor with lower power consumpt ionthan AATS at comparable speeds and modes of operation


Claim 37: Energy Star Rating

Introduction: The need for more energy efficient appliances is bec

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