Homeostasis

Test Review

Part A: True and False

Contractions that increase in strength during pregnancy are an example of a negative feedback mechanism.

A. TrueB. False

Contractions that increase in strength during pregnancy are an example of a negative feedback mechanism.

A. TrueB. False – positive feedback

Some animals sun themselves or retreat to shade as a way of regulating their body temperature.

A. TrueB. False

Some animals sun themselves or retreat to shade as a way of regulating their body temperature.

A. TrueB. False

A cross section of the kidney shows an outer layer called the medulla, an inner layer called the cortex, and a hollow chamber called the renal pelvis.

A. TrueB. False

A cross section of the kidney shows an outer layer called the medulla, an inner layer called the cortex, and a hollow chamber called the renal pelvis.

A. TrueB. False

- outer layer: cortex- inner layer: medulla

Plasma proteins, erythrocytes, and platelets are transferred to the Bowman's capsule.

A. TrueB. False

Plasma proteins, erythrocytes, and platelets are transferred to the Bowman's capsule.

A. TrueB. False

When a person sweats and does not drink water, the pituitary gland releases ADH.

A. TrueB. False

When a person sweats and does not drink water, the pituitary gland releases ADH.

A. TrueB. False

Information from your brain is moved to your leg muscles by motor neurons.

A. TrueB. False

Information from your brain is moved to your leg muscles by motor neurons.

A. TrueB. False

Myelin sheath is very important for the transferring of information along the medulla.

A. TrueB. False

Myelin sheath is very important for the transferring of information along the medulla.

A. TrueB. False - axon

Electrochemical messages are carried by the movement of ions through the nerve membrane.

A. TrueB. False

Electrochemical messages are carried by the movement of ions through the nerve membrane.

A. TrueB. False

When the nerve cell is excited, it becomes more permeable to potassium ions than sodium ions.

A. TrueB. False

When the nerve cell is excited, it becomes more permeable to potassium ions than sodium ions.

A. TrueB. False - sodium

If a foreign bacteria enters the skin, the first leukocyte it will meet will be a macrophage.

A. TrueB. False

If a foreign bacteria enters the skin, the first leukocyte it will meet will be a macrophage.

A. TrueB. False

An antibody that attacks the HIV virus will also attack other viruses.

A. TrueB. False

An antibody that attacks the HIV virus will also attack other viruses.

A. TrueB. False

Part B: Multiple Choice

The term used to describe the abilityof a living organism to adjust tochanging environmental conditionsby regulating their internalprocesses isa. regulationb. homeostasisc. Inhibitiond. feedbacke. metabolism

The term used to describe the abilityof a living organism to adjust tochanging environmental conditionsby regulating their internalprocesses isa. regulationb. homeostasisc. Inhibitiond. feedbacke. metabolism

Which of the following analogies would best fit the action of the kidney?a. selecting those items not useful

and excreting themb. removing all the items and

returning 10% of themc. removing all the items and

returning none of themd. removing all the items and

returning what is still useful

Which of the following analogies would best fit the action of the kidney?a. selecting those items not useful

and excreting themb. removing all the items and

returning 10% of themc. removing all the items and

returning none of themd. removing all the items and

returning what is still useful

Which one of the following is a part ofthe circulatory system?

a. distal tubulesb. collecting ductc. Bowman's capsuled. glomerulus

Which one of the following is a part ofthe circulatory system?

a. distal tubulesb. collecting ductc. Bowman's capsuled. glomerulus

Choose the item below controlled by ADH:

a. the level of glucose in the bloodb. the amount of water re-absorbed

in the nephronc. the development of the lining of

the uterusd. the release of an ovum from the

ovarye. the uptake of calcium by the

bones

Choose the item below controlled by ADH:

a. the level of glucose in the bloodb. the amount of water

re-absorbed in the nephronc. the development of the lining of

the uterusd. the release of an ovum from the

ovarye. the uptake of calcium by the

bones

Antidiuretic hormone is secreted bythea. Thyroidb. pituitary glandc. adrenal glandsd. hypothalamus

Antidiuretic hormone is secreted bythea. Thyroidb. pituitary glandc. adrenal glandsd. hypothalamus

The coordination of motor activitiesin mammals is carried out by whichof the following?a. Ponsb. Medullac. Cerebellumd. Hypothalamuse. cerebrum

The coordination of motor activitiesin mammals is carried out by whichof the following?a. Ponsb. Medullac. Cerebellumd. Hypothalamuse. cerebrum

Focusing the eye is achieved bychanging the shape of the lens. This iscalleda. Zoomingb. Habituationc. Refractiond. Accommodatione. conditioning

Focusing the eye is achieved bychanging the shape of the lens. This iscalleda. Zoomingb. Habituationc. Refractiond. Accommodatione. conditioning

The autonomic division of the nervoussystem a. is involved in conscious thoughtb. is involved in learningc. controls unconscious life-sustaining

activitiesd. controls voluntary musclese. all of the above

The autonomic division of the nervoussystem a. is involved in conscious thoughtb. is involved in learningc. controls unconscious

life-sustaining activitiesd. controls voluntary musclese. all of the above

A patient with symptoms of tremors,an irregular walk, and halting speechmight have experienced trauma towhich of the following?

a. cerebrum d. thalamusb. pons e. hypothalamusc. cerebellum

A patient with symptoms of tremors,an irregular walk, and halting speechmight have experienced trauma towhich of the following?

a. cerebrum d. thalamusb. pons e. hypothalamusc. cerebellum

Respiration is controlled by which of the following?a. pons, hypothalamusb. pons, medulla oblongatac. cerebrum, hypothalamusd. hypothalamus, pituitary gland

Respiration is controlled by which of the following?a. pons, hypothalamusb. pons, medulla oblongatac. cerebrum, hypothalamusd. hypothalamus, pituitary gland

The act of blushing whenembarrassed is controlled by whichof the following?a. the autonomic nervous systemb. pores in the skinc. the cerebrumd. the cerebellume. the peripheral nervous system

The act of blushing whenembarrassed is controlled by whichof the following?a. the autonomic nervous systemb. pores in the skinc. the cerebrumd. the cerebellume. the peripheral nervous system

Parasympathetic stimulation wouldresult in which of the following?a. decreased blood flow in skinb. increased heart ratec. pupil dilationd. increased activity of digestive

tract

Parasympathetic stimulation wouldresult in which of the following?a. decreased blood flow in skinb. increased heart ratec. pupil dilationd. increased activity of digestive

tract

Vision difficulties are associatedwith which lobe of the brain?a. Frontalb. Parietalc. Temporald. occipital

Vision difficulties are associatedwith which lobe of the brain?a. Frontalb. Parietalc. Temporald. occipital

Which part of the neuron receives sensory information?

a. Dendriteb. Axonc. Sheathd. node of Ranvier

Which part of the neuron receives sensory information?

a. Dendriteb. Axonc. Sheathd. node of Ranvier

Which of the following is not aneffector?a. Musclesb. glandsc. Organsd. brain

Which of the following is not aneffector?a. Musclesb. glandsc. Organsd. brain

There is no vaccine available to prevent the common cold because

a. common cold viruses do not stimulate production of antibodies

b. there are too many types of common cold viruses

c. common cold viruses grow best at 33°C instead of 37°C

d. the common cold seldom causes absence from work and school

There is no vaccine available to prevent the common cold because

a. common cold viruses do not stimulate production of antibodies

b. there are too many types of common cold viruses

c. common cold viruses grow best at 33°C instead of 37°C

d. the common cold seldom causes absence from work and school

T cells become mature in which ofthe following?a. bone marrowb. spleenc. thyroid glandd. lymph nodee. thymus gland

T cells become mature in which ofthe following?a. bone marrowb. spleenc. thyroid glandd. lymph nodee. thymus gland

Part C: Short Answer

1.Describe how negative feedback is preferable to positive feedback in most situations.

- positive feedback will increase the response- disadvantage if stimulus is harmful- negative feedback reduces the response when balance is achieved

What conditions or substances must remain constant in the body?

1. Body temperature

2. pH

3. Water levels

4. Oxygen/carbon dioxide levels

5. Nutrient levels

6. Electrolytes (dissolved ions)

7. Wastes, toxins

List the three stages of urine formation.

1. Glomerular filtration

2. Active recovery/reabsorption

3. Water recovery/secretion of wastes

Describe the role of insulin and glucagon in regulating blood sugar.

Insulin – lowers blood sugar

Glucagon – raises blood sugar

List three non-specific defences of the body.

1. Skin

2. Body secretions

3. Normal bacteria

4. White blood cells