Homepage | California Air Resources Board$0 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $1,000 2010...

$-

$100,000

$200,000

$300,000

$400,000

$500,000

Diesel Battery Electric Hydrogen Diesel Battery Electric Hydrogen Diesel Battery Electric Hydrogen

EV Infrastructure Cost

$-

$150,000

$300,000

$450,000

$600,000



$-

$300,000

$600,000

$900,000

$1,200,000

$1,500,000



https://www.arb.ca.gov/msei/categories.htm#emfac2017http://calstart.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/CalHEAT-Roadmap.pdf

https://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/bus/battery_cost.pdf

$0

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$600

$700

$800

$900

$1,000

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Bat

tery

Co

st (

$/k

Wh

)

Historic LD Battery Prices CARB HD Battery Paper

Bloomberg LD Projection ICCT HD Battery Estimate

5-yr. LD delay

https://www.theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/Zero-emission-freight-trucks_ICCT-white-paper_26092017_vF.pdfhttps://www.theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/Zero-emission-freight-trucks_ICCT-white-paper_26092017_vF.pdfhttps://www.bloomberg.com/quicktake/batteries

$0

$50,000

$100,000

$150,000

$200,000

$250,000

$300,000

$350,000

Diesel Battery-electric Hydrogen fuel cell

Pu

rch

ase

Pri

ce

2018

2024

2030

-$0.40

-$0.20

$0.00

$0.20

$0.40

$0.60

$0.80

$1.00

Diesel Battery -electric

Hydrogen Diesel Battery -electric

Hydrogen Diesel Battery -electric

Hydrogen

Op

erat

ing

Co

st (

$/m

i.)

2024 Operating Cost per Mile Comparison

Fuel Maintenance LCFS Revenue Total Cost per Mile

$0.00

$1.00

$2.00

$3.00

$4.00

$5.00

2018 2022 2026 2030 2034 2038 2042 2046

Die

sel P

rice

($

/gal

)

https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/aeo/data/browser/#/?id=3-AEO2019&cases=ref2019&sourcekey=0https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/documents/battery-electric-truck-and-bus-charging-cost-calculator

$0.00

$0.05

$0.10

$0.15

$0.20

$0.25

$0.30

2018 2022 2026 2030 2034 2038 2042 2046 2050

Ele

ctri

city

Pri

ce (

$/k

Wh

)

SDG&E PG&E Statewide Average SCE SMUD LADWP

$0.00

$2.00

$4.00

$6.00

$8.00

$10.00

$12.00

2018 2022 2026 2030 2034 2038 2042 2046

Hyd

roge

n P

rice

($

/kg)

https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2018-11/180124hdbevefficiency.pdf

https://www.arb.ca.gov/regact/2018/lcfs18/isor.pdf

https://www.arb.ca.gov/fuels/lcfs/lcfs.htm

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

0

$53,110 $86,568

$306,673

$20,817

$5,885

$25,005

$23,855 $24,386

$78,580

$16,357

$0

$50,000

$100,000

$150,000

$200,000

$250,000

$300,000

$350,000

$400,000

$450,000

Diesel Electric Hydrogen

Vehicle Cost Net Fuel Cost minus LCFS Other Costs EV Infrastructure Cost

0

$54,198 $64,894

$201,891

$22,823 $7,753

$18,124

$23,719 $20,256

$57,218

$16,357

$0

$50,000

$100,000

$150,000

$200,000

$250,000

$300,000



0

$54,651 $60,630

$96,585

$22,880 $7,788

$14,161

$23,662

$20,097

$35,864

$16,357

$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000

$120,000

$140,000

$160,000



0

$88,705

$172,225

$330,967 $104,349

($616)

$164,924

$50,252 $42,474

$94,237

$16,357

($100,000)

$0

$100,000

$200,000

$300,000

$400,000

$500,000

$600,000

$700,000



0

$90,990 $114,510

$236,818

$101,110

$5,983

$105,648

$50,049

$40,659

$77,726

$16,357

$0

$50,000

$100,000

$150,000

$200,000

$250,000

$300,000

$350,000

$400,000

$450,000



0

$91,713 $104,536

$141,381

$104,304

$7,460

$84,942

$49,985

$40,326

$61,224

$16,357

$0

$50,000

$100,000

$150,000

$200,000

$250,000

$300,000

$350,000



0

$167,500

$593,662

$786,486

$296,381

($15,704)

$468,433

$107,576

$128,308

$212,192

$68,698

($100,000)

$100,000

$300,000

$500,000

$700,000

$900,000

$1,100,000

$1,300,000

$1,500,000



0

$180,126 $290,194

$539,475

$300,308 $18,627

$313,789

$106,743

$107,021

$165,434

$68,698

$0

$200,000

$400,000

$600,000

$800,000

$1,000,000

$1,200,000



0

$183,053 $244,950

$284,462

$312,805

$26,738

$254,739

$106,551

$105,695

$118,690

$68,698

$0

$100,000

$200,000

$300,000

$400,000

$500,000

$600,000

$700,000



Battery Size: 38 kWh



$0

$50,000

$100,000

$150,000

$200,000

$250,000

50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

Veh

icle

TC

O

Daily Mileage

Diesel TCO

BEV TCO




$0

$50,000

$100,000

$150,000

$200,000

$250,000

$300,000

$350,000

$400,000

50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

Veh

icle

TC

O

Daily Mileage

Diesel TCO

BEV TCO



Battery Size:452 kWh


$0

$100,000

$200,000

$300,000

$400,000

$500,000

$600,000

$700,000

50 75 100 125 150 175 200

Veh

icle

TC

O

Daily Mileage

Diesel TCO

BEV TCO

𝑔𝑎𝑙.

1,000 𝑡𝑜𝑛−𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒

𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝐸𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑦 (𝑚𝑖.

𝑔𝑎𝑙.)

= 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 (𝑔𝑎𝑙.

1000 𝑡𝑜𝑛 − 𝑚𝑖.)

−1

∗ 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑃𝑎𝑦𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 (𝑡𝑜𝑛)

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2016-10-25/pdf/2016-21203.pdfhttps://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2016-10-25/pdf/2016-21203.pdfhttps://www.ford.com/services/assets/Brochure?bodystyle=Van&make=Ford&model=Transit&year=2018https://www.ford.com/services/assets/Brochure?bodystyle=Van&make=Ford&model=Transit&year=2018

https://www.truckinginfo.com/317878/dtna-deals-with-booming-market-preps-electric-trucks

https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/documents/battery-electric-truck-and-bus-charging-cost-calculator

http://www.ecdms.energy.ca.gov/

100%

106%

106%

110%

115%

121%

128%

130%

134%

138%

140%

140%

141%

142%

143%

143%

143%

143%

143%

142%

141%

141%

140%

138%

137%

137%

136%

134%

134%

133%

132%

131%

https://www.apta.com/resources/standards/quarterly-webinar-series/Documents/APTA%20Webinar%20on%20Fuel%20Cell%20Electric%20Bus%20Infrastructure%20for%20100-Bus%20Fleet%209-20-18%20FINAL.pdfhttps://www.apta.com/resources/standards/quarterly-webinar-series/Documents/APTA%20Webinar%20on%20Fuel%20Cell%20Electric%20Bus%20Infrastructure%20for%20100-Bus%20Fleet%209-20-18%20FINAL.pdfhttps://www.apta.com/resources/standards/quarterly-webinar-series/Documents/APTA%20Webinar%20on%20Fuel%20Cell%20Electric%20Bus%20Infrastructure%20for%20100-Bus%20Fleet%209-20-18%20FINAL.pdfhttps://www.arb.ca.gov/fuels/lcfs/dashboard/creditpricecalculator.xlsx

https://cafcp.org/sites/default/files/CAFCR.pdf

https://www.sacog.org/sites/main/files/file-attachments/access_la_life_cycle.pdfhttps://www.sacog.org/sites/main/files/file-attachments/access_la_life_cycle.pdfhttps://efiling.energy.ca.gov/getdocument.aspx?tn=206183http://fleetanswers.com/sites/default/files/Pickup%20Article%20Jan%202015%20%281%29_0.pdfhttp://exchange.aaa.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/17-0013_Your-Driving-Costs-Brochure-2017-FNL-CX-1.pdfhttp://exchange.aaa.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/17-0013_Your-Driving-Costs-Brochure-2017-FNL-CX-1.pdfhttps://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy11osti/48896.pdf

https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy12osti/53503.pdfhttps://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy12osti/55658.pdfhttps://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy02osti/31227.pdfhttps://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy12osti/53502.pdfhttp://atri-online.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/ATRI-Operational-Costs-of-Trucking-2017-10-2017.pdfhttp://atri-online.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/ATRI-Operational-Costs-of-Trucking-2017-10-2017.pdfhttp://info.fleetadvantage.com/mitigating-rising-fleet-maintenance-and-repair-costs-for-class-8-truckshttps://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-11-15/what-tesla-s-semi-truck-must-do-to-seduce-truckershttps://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-11-15/what-tesla-s-semi-truck-must-do-to-seduce-truckershttps://www.mjbradley.com/sites/default/files/EDF-BIC-Refuse-Truck-Report-2013.pdf

http://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/5/4/886http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/15185/1/Bremen_final_paperShoter.pdfhttps://www.pwc.com/gx/en/automotive/industry-publications-and-thought-leadership/assets/pwc-ec-state-of-pev-market-final.pdfhttps://www.pwc.com/gx/en/automotive/industry-publications-and-thought-leadership/assets/pwc-ec-state-of-pev-market-final.pdfhttps://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/bus/maintenance_cost.pdfhttp://www.cleanairactionplan.org/documents/draft-drayage-truck-feasibility-assesment.pdf/

https://info.ballard.com/fuel-cell-electric-buses-proven-performance-white-paper?hsCtaTracking=ab0058ba-1240-4ab6-a4e6-0032faf329b7%7Cd0616627-31ce-416a-bbe8-d036529a4d75https://info.ballard.com/fuel-cell-electric-buses-proven-performance-white-paper?hsCtaTracking=ab0058ba-1240-4ab6-a4e6-0032faf329b7%7Cd0616627-31ce-416a-bbe8-d036529a4d75https://info.ballard.com/fuel-cell-electric-buses-proven-performance-white-paper?hsCtaTracking=ab0058ba-1240-4ab6-a4e6-0032faf329b7%7Cd0616627-31ce-416a-bbe8-d036529a4d75https://www.dmv.ca.gov/wasapp/FeeCalculatorWeb/newVehicleFees.do

https://lao.ca.gov/1998/061798_vlf_primer/061798_vlf.htmlhttps://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/wcm/connect/3f3a5df8-3db5-42ba-b3c4-f6b92ae032c9/ffvr27.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVIDhttps://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/wcm/connect/3f3a5df8-3db5-42ba-b3c4-f6b92ae032c9/ffvr27.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID

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