DOMESTIC

VIOLENCE WHO? WHAT? WHY?

SKIN COLOR

AT IT BEST

Gjreah Edwin VI MODEL OF THE YEAR

LIFE SIMPLE

PLEASURES

THE AMERICAN CANCER SOCIETY A FORCE TO BE RECKON WITH

WHAT’S UP USVIWHAT’S UP USVI

Simply

Beautiful

HawknestST.JOHN’S USVI

Simply

Beautiful

HawknestST.JOHN’S USVI

PublisherRandolph Pope

Director Randolph Pope

WritersRanesha Pope

Body Image GymAndrea BaptisteShana Jwarhir

Various Writers

EditorJoyce Alexander

Contributing EditorAndrea Baptiste

Photographersrvarious Photographers

Advertising and SalesRandolph Pope

Vincent Marshall

DesignerSoul’s Graphic Designs

HottmagazineRiver Sallee

St. Patrick’s Grenada

Telephone:1473 442 0795 1473 404 1001

Email: hottmagazinegrenada@gmail.cominfo@hottmagazinegrenada.com

hottbvi@gmail.comhottusvi@gmail.com

Websitehottmagazines.com

Facebook: Hott magazine

C0NTENTSUS Virgin Islands 8

Domestic Violence Who? Why? When? 10

Vaughn Walwyn 11

Division of Juvenile Justice

American Cancer Society 26 years in the Virgin Islands 14

JG Management 17

VI Model of the year 18

Skin Color At It’s Best 22

Susan M. Parten 24

Sound Sustainable Decentralized Wastewater Systems 25

Fruits and Vegetables 28

High Blood Pressure The Silent Killer 30

Simple Pleasures 34

VI Meets NC 36

Life Simple Pleasures 39

Governor Kenneth E. Mapp 40

Health and Fitness 43 C

0N

TE

NT

S

PublisherRandolph Pope

Director Randolph Pope

WritersRanesha Pope

Body Image GymAndrea BaptisteShana Jwarhir

Various Writers

EditorJoyce Alexander

Contributing EditorAndrea Baptiste

Photographersrvarious Photographers

Advertising and SalesRandolph Pope

Vincent Marshall

DesignerSoul’s Graphic Designs

HottmagazineRiver Sallee

St. Patrick’s Grenada

Telephone:1473 442 0795 1473 404 1001

Email: hottmagazinegrenada@gmail.cominfo@hottmagazinegrenada.com

hottbvi@gmail.comhottusvi@gmail.com

Websitehottmagazines.com

Facebook: Hott magazine

C0NTENTSUS Virgin Islands 8

Domestic Violence Who? Why? When? 10

Vaughn Walwyn 11

Division of Juvenile Justice

American Cancer Society 26 years in the Virgin Islands 14

JG Management 17

VI Model of the year 18

Skin Color At It’s Best 22

Susan M. Parten 24

Sound Sustainable Decentralized Wastewater Systems 25

Fruits and Vegetables 28

High Blood Pressure The Silent Killer 30

Simple Pleasures 34

VI Meets NC 36

Life Simple Pleasures 39

Governor Kenneth E. Mapp 40

Health and Fitness 43 C0N

TE

NT

S

ON THE COVER

Gjreah Edwin

VI Model of the Year

COVER DESIGN BY:

SOUL GRAPHICS

e are excited to share this our first issue with you and

Wencourage you to take full advantage of our publication

and what we have to offer.

This issue of ‘HOTT’ highlights some of the extraordinary people of

the US Virgin Islands and helps celebrates their life.

We would to take this opportunity to say sincere thanks to all who

have contributed one way or another to make this issue a reality. To

our advertisers we thank you for your support. We look forward to

your continuous support as we embark on this amazing journey.

ENJOY!

Randolph Pope

Editor’s

Note

ON THE COVER

Gjreah Edwin

VI Model of the Year

COVER DESIGN BY:

SOUL GRAPHICS

e are excited to share this our first issue with you and

Wencourage you to take full advantage of our publication

and what we have to offer.

This issue of ‘HOTT’ highlights some of the extraordinary people of

the US Virgin Islands and helps celebrates their life.

We would to take this opportunity to say sincere thanks to all who

have contributed one way or another to make this issue a reality. To

our advertisers we thank you for your support. We look forward to

your continuous support as we embark on this amazing journey.

ENJOY!

Randolph Pope

Editor’s

Note

Seven flags have flown over St. Thomas, St. John and St. Croix since their discovery in 1493 by Christopher Columbus. The islands have been ruled in succession by the Spanish, English, French, Knights of Malta, French (for a second time), the Danish, and now, of course, the islands are part of the United States. This eclectic historical path has influenced the development of all three islands, particularly during the Danish reign. Street, town and area names, architecture, language and former plantations all reveal the vast influence on the islands still remaining after 251 years under Danish rule.

Citizens of countries other than the U. S. should follow U.S. travel regulations. Passports for U.S. Citizens are not required, but they still make the best ID for traveling. Otherwise, you must be prepared to show evidence of citizenship upon leaving (such as a birth certificate and photo ID).

Getting HereFrom the U.S.Delta Air LinesUS AirwaysAmerican AirlinesUnited AirlinesJet BlueSpirit Airlines

From the CaribbeanSea Flight

Seaborne AirlinesBohlke International AirwaysCape AirLeeward Island Air Transport (LIAT)

Banks and CurrencyThere are several major banks operating in the Virgin Islands, including First Bank, Scotia Bank and Banco Popular. Automatic teller machines can be found on all three islands. The currency is the U.S.dollar. Most establishments accept credit cards and travelers checks. Few places accept personal checks.

AccommodationsAll three islands feature a vast choice of accommodations from beachside campsites, luxurious resorts, private villas, bed & breakfasts and condominiums.

For more information about the United States Virgin Islands visit www.visitusvi.com

What to PackWhen traveling be sure to pack mosquito repellent, sunscreen lotion (not allowed in carry-on luggage, include in check baggage),

Visit: www.usvi.com

The United States Virgin Islands are part of the Lesser Antilles of the Caribbean. The destination is comprised of 50 islands in total, some of which are mere rocks or islets set in the shimmering turquoise waters. The three principal islands – St. Croix, St. John, and St. Thomas – are magnificent tropical environments, each distinguished by its own personality.

Lying entirely in the Caribbean Sea, St. Croix is characterized by its cultural diversity and is the largest of the three islands. Pastel buildings and charming shops can be seen in the historic towns of Christiansted and Frederiksted, while the islands' emerald waters, powdery sands and rolling green hillside remain just as Columbus first discovered them in 1493.

Two-thirds of St. John, the smallest of the three islands, enjoys designation as a protected U.S. national park with 11,500

acres of hilly green land and an underwater reserve. St. John's world-renowned beaches include Trunk Bay, Cinnamon Bay, and Maho Bay.

The liveliest of the U.S. Virgin Islands is cosmopolitan St. Thomas which offers sophisticated dining and tempting duty-free shopping. Charlotte Amalie is a bustling harbor town full of fine restaurants, shops and historic monuments. St. Thomas' picturesque Magens Bay has been voted one of the most beautiful beaches in the world.

The U.S. Virgin Islands offer year-round warm temperatures with average of 77F (25C) in winter, and 82 F (28C) in summer. St. Croix, St. John, and St. Thomas are within the Atlantic Standard Time zone, one hour ahead of Eastern Standard Time (except during Daylight Savings Time).

US VIRGIN ISLANDS St Thomas St Croix St. Johns

9

Seven flags have flown over St. Thomas, St. John and St. Croix since their discovery in 1493 by Christopher Columbus. The islands have been ruled in succession by the Spanish, English, French, Knights of Malta, French (for a second time), the Danish, and now, of course, the islands are part of the United States. This eclectic historical path has influenced the development of all three islands, particularly during the Danish reign. Street, town and area names, architecture, language and former plantations all reveal the vast influence on the islands still remaining after 251 years under Danish rule.

Citizens of countries other than the U. S. should follow U.S. travel regulations. Passports for U.S. Citizens are not required, but they still make the best ID for traveling. Otherwise, you must be prepared to show evidence of citizenship upon leaving (such as a birth certificate and photo ID).

Getting HereFrom the U.S.Delta Air LinesUS AirwaysAmerican AirlinesUnited AirlinesJet BlueSpirit Airlines

From the CaribbeanSea Flight

Seaborne AirlinesBohlke International AirwaysCape AirLeeward Island Air Transport (LIAT)

Banks and CurrencyThere are several major banks operating in the Virgin Islands, including First Bank, Scotia Bank and Banco Popular. Automatic teller machines can be found on all three islands. The currency is the U.S.dollar. Most establishments accept credit cards and travelers checks. Few places accept personal checks.

AccommodationsAll three islands feature a vast choice of accommodations from beachside campsites, luxurious resorts, private villas, bed & breakfasts and condominiums.

For more information about the United States Virgin Islands visit www.visitusvi.com

What to PackWhen traveling be sure to pack mosquito repellent, sunscreen lotion (not allowed in carry-on luggage, include in check baggage),

Visit: www.usvi.com

The United States Virgin Islands are part of the Lesser Antilles of the Caribbean. The destination is comprised of 50 islands in total, some of which are mere rocks or islets set in the shimmering turquoise waters. The three principal islands – St. Croix, St. John, and St. Thomas – are magnificent tropical environments, each distinguished by its own personality.

Lying entirely in the Caribbean Sea, St. Croix is characterized by its cultural diversity and is the largest of the three islands. Pastel buildings and charming shops can be seen in the historic towns of Christiansted and Frederiksted, while the islands' emerald waters, powdery sands and rolling green hillside remain just as Columbus first discovered them in 1493.

Two-thirds of St. John, the smallest of the three islands, enjoys designation as a protected U.S. national park with 11,500

acres of hilly green land and an underwater reserve. St. John's world-renowned beaches include Trunk Bay, Cinnamon Bay, and Maho Bay.

The liveliest of the U.S. Virgin Islands is cosmopolitan St. Thomas which offers sophisticated dining and tempting duty-free shopping. Charlotte Amalie is a bustling harbor town full of fine restaurants, shops and historic monuments. St. Thomas' picturesque Magens Bay has been voted one of the most beautiful beaches in the world.

The U.S. Virgin Islands offer year-round warm temperatures with average of 77F (25C) in winter, and 82 F (28C) in summer. St. Croix, St. John, and St. Thomas are within the Atlantic Standard Time zone, one hour ahead of Eastern Standard Time (except during Daylight Savings Time).

US VIRGIN ISLANDS St Thomas St Croix St. Johns

9

Daily we prevent, reduce and eliminate violence individually, within families and in our community. Our reports reveal that violence in the community is a “spill-out” from violence within homes. We believe providing intervention for behaviors that harm, prevent further victimization. For this reason we support to victims by also prov id ing a Ba�erer ' s In tervent ion programming for the abuser. These group sessions are offered separately from services provided to the victim.

The all familiar question, “Why Don't You Leave” is often asked by persons who do not unders tand Domest i c Vio lence , the symptoms, and the resulting behaviors. Victims report that they remain due to SHAME, ECONOMIC DEPENDENCE, IMMIGRATION STATUS, and often in FEAR that their lives or that of their loved ones, will be taken by the abuser. When a victim decides to leave, this creates an unpredictable and unstable period. Gaining professional guidance in developing a safety plan or a plan of escape, is a key to protection. What is dually important are laws and enforcement to protect victims of abuse from often violent abusers.

For the abusers for example, learning about the various types of Domestic Violence, and the unlearning and redefining of “what is a spouse” or “what is a partner”, is often necessary.Frequently, the abuser views his/her spouse or partner as property, leading to levels of Power and Control that too often result in bodily injury, and even death.

Domestic Violence (DV) must not be taken

lightly and help should be sought. Family

Resource Center's provides a nationally

registered hotline, with a live person on the

phone.

Call 1-340-776-STOP (7867) for further

assistance. To learn how you may help

someone in a Domestic Violence or Sexual

Assault situation, or to offer your support to

FRC, call 1-340-776-3966

Family Resource Center, Inc. (FRC) is a private

non-profit agency. We opened our doors

thirty-three years ago, with a clear purpose –to

end family violence. Over the years, services

have expanded to include all victims of violent

crime and families in crisis; advancing also to

providing services on St. John and to Water

Island.

A long but fruitful journey from our first one

room office, has led to our five unique facilities.

We offer the Alice Hamilton Safe House, a 24

hour- seven day a week 20 bed facility for

victims, in an undisclosed location. Our Family

Youth and Crisis Intervention Program is

designed to help troubled adolescents together

with their parents. At our Spenceley

Counseling Center we offer crucial counseling

services to aide children, adults and families.

As a means to help support ourselves, we offer

our thrift store, CeCe's Closet- Second Chance

Boutique, a thrift store which offers dynamic

bargains, helping victims of crime in the

process. Soon we will open our transitional

housing facility.

FRC's services protect and advocate for victims

and their families at no cost. We offer

individual and group counseling, support

groups, legal advocacy, outreach education at

community events, external referrals ,

emergency housing, and very soon, transitional

housing provisions. Our 24 hr crisis hotline is

340-776-STOP (7867).

11

Domestic Violence; Who? What? Why? By Vivian St. Juste, Executive Director, FRC / USVI

Daily we prevent, reduce and eliminate violence individually, within families and in our community. Our reports reveal that violence in the community is a “spill-out” from violence within homes. We believe providing intervention for behaviors that harm, prevent further victimization. For this reason we support to victims by also prov id ing a Ba�erer ' s In tervent ion programming for the abuser. These group sessions are offered separately from services provided to the victim.

The all familiar question, “Why Don't You Leave” is often asked by persons who do not unders tand Domest i c Vio lence , the symptoms, and the resulting behaviors. Victims report that they remain due to SHAME, ECONOMIC DEPENDENCE, IMMIGRATION STATUS, and often in FEAR that their lives or that of their loved ones, will be taken by the abuser. When a victim decides to leave, this creates an unpredictable and unstable period. Gaining professional guidance in developing a safety plan or a plan of escape, is a key to protection. What is dually important are laws and enforcement to protect victims of abuse from often violent abusers.

For the abusers for example, learning about the various types of Domestic Violence, and the unlearning and redefining of “what is a spouse” or “what is a partner”, is often necessary.Frequently, the abuser views his/her spouse or partner as property, leading to levels of Power and Control that too often result in bodily injury, and even death.

Domestic Violence (DV) must not be taken

lightly and help should be sought. Family

Resource Center's provides a nationally

registered hotline, with a live person on the

phone.

Call 1-340-776-STOP (7867) for further

assistance. To learn how you may help

someone in a Domestic Violence or Sexual

Assault situation, or to offer your support to

FRC, call 1-340-776-3966

Family Resource Center, Inc. (FRC) is a private

non-profit agency. We opened our doors

thirty-three years ago, with a clear purpose –to

end family violence. Over the years, services

have expanded to include all victims of violent

crime and families in crisis; advancing also to

providing services on St. John and to Water

Island.

A long but fruitful journey from our first one

room office, has led to our five unique facilities.

We offer the Alice Hamilton Safe House, a 24

hour- seven day a week 20 bed facility for

victims, in an undisclosed location. Our Family

Youth and Crisis Intervention Program is

designed to help troubled adolescents together

with their parents. At our Spenceley

Counseling Center we offer crucial counseling

services to aide children, adults and families.

As a means to help support ourselves, we offer

our thrift store, CeCe's Closet- Second Chance

Boutique, a thrift store which offers dynamic

bargains, helping victims of crime in the

process. Soon we will open our transitional

housing facility.

FRC's services protect and advocate for victims

and their families at no cost. We offer

individual and group counseling, support

groups, legal advocacy, outreach education at

community events, external referrals ,

emergency housing, and very soon, transitional

housing provisions. Our 24 hr crisis hotline is

340-776-STOP (7867).

11

Domestic Violence; Who? What? Why? By Vivian St. Juste, Executive Director, FRC / USVI

Services in this Division are extensive and provided to pre-trial persons in need of supervision (PINS), and adjudicated youth. Work associated with this Division includes investigations, recommendations to the courts, treatment, an alcohol treatment aftercare program for women with children, and pre-and post planning for youth remanded to the Youth Rehabilitation Center (YRC).

Alternative sentencing for adjudicated youth is administered through a program funded by the Juvenile Accountability Incentive Block Grant supported by LEPC. The Juvenile Intensive Support Services program (JISS) on St. Croix services youth to prevent incarceration as well as transition post-discharge youth from YRC back into the community.

Youth Rehabilitation Center This facility provides incarceration for pre-trial and adjudicated delinquents including adolescents legally transferred to adult status for committing serious felonies. Over 20 beds are housed here, and in 2005 two new dormitories were opened for juveniles who have not committed serious crimes, thus separating both types of residents. Services also include education, recreation, nutrition, health and mental health services, and all court-related and mandated services.

The Administrator of these divisions report to the Assistant Commissioner for St. Croix.

St. Thomas Telephone: (340) 774-0930 Fax: (340) 774-0082

Christiansted Golden Rock Office Telephone: (340) 718-2983 or 718-0932 or 718-3873 Fax: (340) 773-4043

Christiansted: Anna's Hope Office Telephone: (340) 773-5303 Fax: (340) 773-1882

Frederiksted: Kingshill Office Telephone: (340) 713-0326 Fax: (340) 719-2165

Address: Anna's Hope 6179 Anna's Hope Christiansted St. Croix, VI 00820

Kingshill 24AA Old Herbert Grigg Complex Kingshill, St. Croix 00850

Division of Juvenile Justice

Steel Pan Lesson

Bee Keeping

“The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.” ― Mahatma Gandhi

Vaughn Walwyn has truly found himself by serving others. His 22-year career at the Department of Human Services as a Social Worker and now District Manager of the Division of Juvenile Justice St. Thomas/St. John/Water Island District epitomizes his love for his profession and the people he serves. When he earned his Bachelor of Science Degree in Criminal Justice from Alabama State University (with a specialization in Juvenile Delinquency), he could not have foreseen the journey he would be embarking on. His Masters of Science Degree in Counseling from Capella University has provided him with a deeper understanding of the complex and challenging issues with which many of our community's young people are faced. As District Manager, he is responsible for overseeing the delivery of social work services to delinquent youths and their families. He also represents the Department of Human Services at court hearings, inter-agency meetings, seminars, and conferences. He currently supervises a team of four Social Workers, one Out-Reach Coordinator and an Administrative Assistant. The team serves youths that fall into the category of Pre-Delinquents, Person In Need of Supervision (PINS), and Delinquents.

The team provides long-term intervention, social work supportive services, referrals, counseling, case management and other types of services to families with extreme and chronic dysfunctions and/or are at high-risk. The unit regularly collaborates with other agencies and groups such as the Crime Prevention Council on the Night out against Crime, Drugs and Violence and assists with Red Ribbon Week activities.

In August 2014, the unit started the HAWK (Higher Achievement Wisdom and Knowledge) program to assist youth in making the transition into adulthood. He is presently a counselor at the Family Resource Center's Family and Youth Crisis Intervention

Program (FYCIP), where he facilitates the Adolescent Anger Management group and the Rites of Passage for Boys. He is a former board member of Alvin McBean Little League Baseball and is presently the committee member responsible for statistics and public relations. He is currently the Vice-President of the Explorers Baseball Travel Team and is a youth mentor for The Amazing Youth Drum Corps of the Virgin Islands.

He agonizes when a youth is lost through violence and it is his hope that through networking we will acquire fresh ideas and strategies for saving our youth.

Vaughn Walwyn

12 13

Services in this Division are extensive and provided to pre-trial persons in need of supervision (PINS), and adjudicated youth. Work associated with this Division includes investigations, recommendations to the courts, treatment, an alcohol treatment aftercare program for women with children, and pre-and post planning for youth remanded to the Youth Rehabilitation Center (YRC).

Alternative sentencing for adjudicated youth is administered through a program funded by the Juvenile Accountability Incentive Block Grant supported by LEPC. The Juvenile Intensive Support Services program (JISS) on St. Croix services youth to prevent incarceration as well as transition post-discharge youth from YRC back into the community.

Youth Rehabilitation Center This facility provides incarceration for pre-trial and adjudicated delinquents including adolescents legally transferred to adult status for committing serious felonies. Over 20 beds are housed here, and in 2005 two new dormitories were opened for juveniles who have not committed serious crimes, thus separating both types of residents. Services also include education, recreation, nutrition, health and mental health services, and all court-related and mandated services.

The Administrator of these divisions report to the Assistant Commissioner for St. Croix.

St. Thomas Telephone: (340) 774-0930 Fax: (340) 774-0082

Christiansted Golden Rock Office Telephone: (340) 718-2983 or 718-0932 or 718-3873 Fax: (340) 773-4043

Christiansted: Anna's Hope Office Telephone: (340) 773-5303 Fax: (340) 773-1882

Frederiksted: Kingshill Office Telephone: (340) 713-0326 Fax: (340) 719-2165

Address: Anna's Hope 6179 Anna's Hope Christiansted St. Croix, VI 00820

Kingshill 24AA Old Herbert Grigg Complex Kingshill, St. Croix 00850

Division of Juvenile Justice

Steel Pan Lesson

Bee Keeping

“The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.” ― Mahatma Gandhi

Vaughn Walwyn has truly found himself by serving others. His 22-year career at the Department of Human Services as a Social Worker and now District Manager of the Division of Juvenile Justice St. Thomas/St. John/Water Island District epitomizes his love for his profession and the people he serves. When he earned his Bachelor of Science Degree in Criminal Justice from Alabama State University (with a specialization in Juvenile Delinquency), he could not have foreseen the journey he would be embarking on. His Masters of Science Degree in Counseling from Capella University has provided him with a deeper understanding of the complex and challenging issues with which many of our community's young people are faced. As District Manager, he is responsible for overseeing the delivery of social work services to delinquent youths and their families. He also represents the Department of Human Services at court hearings, inter-agency meetings, seminars, and conferences. He currently supervises a team of four Social Workers, one Out-Reach Coordinator and an Administrative Assistant. The team serves youths that fall into the category of Pre-Delinquents, Person In Need of Supervision (PINS), and Delinquents.

The team provides long-term intervention, social work supportive services, referrals, counseling, case management and other types of services to families with extreme and chronic dysfunctions and/or are at high-risk. The unit regularly collaborates with other agencies and groups such as the Crime Prevention Council on the Night out against Crime, Drugs and Violence and assists with Red Ribbon Week activities.

In August 2014, the unit started the HAWK (Higher Achievement Wisdom and Knowledge) program to assist youth in making the transition into adulthood. He is presently a counselor at the Family Resource Center's Family and Youth Crisis Intervention

Program (FYCIP), where he facilitates the Adolescent Anger Management group and the Rites of Passage for Boys. He is a former board member of Alvin McBean Little League Baseball and is presently the committee member responsible for statistics and public relations. He is currently the Vice-President of the Explorers Baseball Travel Team and is a youth mentor for The Amazing Youth Drum Corps of the Virgin Islands.

He agonizes when a youth is lost through violence and it is his hope that through networking we will acquire fresh ideas and strategies for saving our youth.

Vaughn Walwyn

12 13

Although every Relay is different, there are certain tradi�ons that are held to help par�cipants celebrate, remember & fight back. The Survivor Lap is a high point of every Relay. This special lap is inspira�onal �mes when survivors are invited to circle the track together and help everyone par�cipa�ng celebrate their victories achieved over cancer. The Survivors Lap can be emo�onal of how Relay par�cipants are ensuring that more lives are saved each year. During that �me we also recognize caregivers, who understand the joys and frustra�ons that can take place in the fight for survival. As a caregiver you understand that Cancer reaches far beyond the person is diagnosed.

All in all the American Cancer Society –USVI con�nues to fight back …at the end of each Relay , par�cipants walk away with a personal commitment to do something as simple as ge�ng a screening test, qui�ng smoking, or talking to elected officials about the importance of taking ac�on to assist non-profits such as the American Cancer society. By taking ac�on, people are personally taking steps to save lives and fight back against a disease that takes away too much.

26 years later we here in the U.S. Virgin Islands helping pa�ents with cancer however we can. If you would like to make a difference by making a dona�on or par�cipa�ng in any way at the chapters in the USVI, please feel free to contact the American Cancer Society of the USVI by calling 340-775-5373 or 340 719-4898.The American Cancer Society of the Virgin Islands

has been a beacon of hope that inspires others to raise millions of dollars in this community to assist the underserved or un-insured!

In 1988 the American Society formed its first chapter on the island of St. Croix and one year later in 1989 the organiza�on formed a chapter in St. Thomas/St. John. Millions of dollars have been raised as the community walks throughout the evening un�l the next day to Celebrate, Remember and Fight Back!

Relay for life on St. Thomas /St. John and St. Croix has been the premiere fundraiser for the American Cancer Society in the United States as well as here in the Virgin Islands. Many teams get together and walk for the cause which simply helps pa�ents with diagnos�c tes�ng, medical supplies and equipment, travel interisland or off island, medica�on; medical supplies and can assist with hotel and lodging.

The American Cancer Society –USVI chapter's Execu�ve Director, Ms. Lorraine Baa is proud to say that the Society has been very ac�ve within the communi�es on all three islands as they par�cipate in educa�onal conferences, health fairs as well raising awareness through radio, print or events.

Every May and June, Relay for Life is an ac�vity you don't want to miss. Since its incep�on in 1985, we now realize that one person can make a difference! It was Dr. Gordy Kla� who spent a grueling 24 hours circling the track at Baker Stadium at the University of Puget Sound in Tacoma cover ing more than 83 mi les . Throughout that night, friends paid $25 to run or walk 30 minutes with him. He was able to raise 27,000 to fight cancer. That first year more that 300 of his friends, family and pa�ent watched as he ran and walked the course. His vision of a 24 hour relay event raised money to fight cancer. Months later he pulled together a small commi�ee to plan a first team relay event known as the City of Des�ny Classic 24 Hour Run against Cancer.

Today American Cancer Society Relay for Life is a life changing event that gives everyone in a community across the globe a chance to celebrate the lives of people who have ba�led cancer, remember loved ones lost to cancer and fight back against the disease. At Relay, teams of people camp out at local high schools, parks, or stadiums and take turns walking or running around the track or path. Each team is asked to have a representa�ve on the track at all �mes during the event. Because Cancer never sleeps, Relays are overnight events up to 24 hours in length.

American Cancer Society…. 26 Years in the Virgin Islands….. A force to be reckoned with!

14

Although every Relay is different, there are certain tradi�ons that are held to help par�cipants celebrate, remember & fight back. The Survivor Lap is a high point of every Relay. This special lap is inspira�onal �mes when survivors are invited to circle the track together and help everyone par�cipa�ng celebrate their victories achieved over cancer. The Survivors Lap can be emo�onal of how Relay par�cipants are ensuring that more lives are saved each year. During that �me we also recognize caregivers, who understand the joys and frustra�ons that can take place in the fight for survival. As a caregiver you understand that Cancer reaches far beyond the person is diagnosed.

All in all the American Cancer Society –USVI con�nues to fight back …at the end of each Relay , par�cipants walk away with a personal commitment to do something as simple as ge�ng a screening test, qui�ng smoking, or talking to elected officials about the importance of taking ac�on to assist non-profits such as the American Cancer society. By taking ac�on, people are personally taking steps to save lives and fight back against a disease that takes away too much.

26 years later we here in the U.S. Virgin Islands helping pa�ents with cancer however we can. If you would like to make a difference by making a dona�on or par�cipa�ng in any way at the chapters in the USVI, please feel free to contact the American Cancer Society of the USVI by calling 340-775-5373 or 340 719-4898.The American Cancer Society of the Virgin Islands

has been a beacon of hope that inspires others to raise millions of dollars in this community to assist the underserved or un-insured!

In 1988 the American Society formed its first chapter on the island of St. Croix and one year later in 1989 the organiza�on formed a chapter in St. Thomas/St. John. Millions of dollars have been raised as the community walks throughout the evening un�l the next day to Celebrate, Remember and Fight Back!

Relay for life on St. Thomas /St. John and St. Croix has been the premiere fundraiser for the American Cancer Society in the United States as well as here in the Virgin Islands. Many teams get together and walk for the cause which simply helps pa�ents with diagnos�c tes�ng, medical supplies and equipment, travel interisland or off island, medica�on; medical supplies and can assist with hotel and lodging.

The American Cancer Society –USVI chapter's Execu�ve Director, Ms. Lorraine Baa is proud to say that the Society has been very ac�ve within the communi�es on all three islands as they par�cipate in educa�onal conferences, health fairs as well raising awareness through radio, print or events.

Every May and June, Relay for Life is an ac�vity you don't want to miss. Since its incep�on in 1985, we now realize that one person can make a difference! It was Dr. Gordy Kla� who spent a grueling 24 hours circling the track at Baker Stadium at the University of Puget Sound in Tacoma cover ing more than 83 mi les . Throughout that night, friends paid $25 to run or walk 30 minutes with him. He was able to raise 27,000 to fight cancer. That first year more that 300 of his friends, family and pa�ent watched as he ran and walked the course. His vision of a 24 hour relay event raised money to fight cancer. Months later he pulled together a small commi�ee to plan a first team relay event known as the City of Des�ny Classic 24 Hour Run against Cancer.

Today American Cancer Society Relay for Life is a life changing event that gives everyone in a community across the globe a chance to celebrate the lives of people who have ba�led cancer, remember loved ones lost to cancer and fight back against the disease. At Relay, teams of people camp out at local high schools, parks, or stadiums and take turns walking or running around the track or path. Each team is asked to have a representa�ve on the track at all �mes during the event. Because Cancer never sleeps, Relays are overnight events up to 24 hours in length.

American Cancer Society…. 26 Years in the Virgin Islands….. A force to be reckoned with!

14

JG Management LLC US Virgin Islands offers training, development and placement for Models, Actors, Singers and Dancers Worldwide! We scout for males and females ages 5 years old and up with or without experience. Founded by Jason Gardener in the Spring of 2011, who got his start as a fashion model in St. Croix with the prominent Cyndees Models in the Isles Agency and the St. Croix Contemporary Ballet Company. He went on to become a top Runway model in New York City followed by running two successful modeling agencies in New York City, Uptown Model Management and JG Model Management NYC.

The company is based in St. Croix US Virgin Islands and has affiliates in St. Thomas, St. John, Puerto Rico, Bahamas, Guyana and The Bri�sh Virgin Islands. JG Management focuses on scou�ng fresh new Amazing Models and Talent! We place an emphasis on their development and commitment

and most importantly everlas�ng rela�onship with our trainees and clientele. Eventually JG Management USVI will be known thorough out the en�re Caribbean and the World. JG Management has built a great rela�onship with some of the Top modeling and talent agencies in the world, where we are looking to place our talent with, companies in all major markets such as New York, Los Angeles, Miami, Chicago, Atlanta, Paris, Milan, Germany, South Africa and Tokyo. JG has also secured a major partnership with the legendary Sandi Bass of Sandi Bass Interna�onal, who assist in placing our models worldwide. Our models have walked the runway at Summer Sizzle USVI and BVI, and The United Colors of Fashion Charity Event Gala in New York City. And have also been featured in the beauty with a purpose video for the Miss World pageant, Tourism VI Nice na�onal commercial and for recording ar�st Cruz Rock. Our models have also been featured in Caribbean Posh magazine and Zen Magazine Africa.

Some of our clients in the USVI include The Department of Tourism, Sunny Isles Shopping Center, The Sunshine Mall, Jane's Bridal & Gi�s, O� Works, Cyndee's Models in the Isles, Produc�on Wave, Film USVI, The VI Counsil of the Arts, By de Fence, Photographers Norman Allen, Denise Bennerson, Enchantment Photography and Lee Lashley. JG Management is also home to the annual Kids Rock Fashion show, JG Management Model and Talent of the Year Contest, VI Model of the Year Compe��on and The JG Center of Excellence. A nonprofit organiza�on, This corpora�on is form to encourage and promote social and educa�onal enrichment to young males in the field of Fashion and Entertainment and social skills.

For more informa�on contact Jason Gardener @ 1 . 3 4 0 . 2 4 4 . 5 5 4 4 e m a i l info@jgmanagementusvi.com

17

JG Management LLC US Virgin Islands offers training, development and placement for Models, Actors, Singers and Dancers Worldwide! We scout for males and females ages 5 years old and up with or without experience. Founded by Jason Gardener in the Spring of 2011, who got his start as a fashion model in St. Croix with the prominent Cyndees Models in the Isles Agency and the St. Croix Contemporary Ballet Company. He went on to become a top Runway model in New York City followed by running two successful modeling agencies in New York City, Uptown Model Management and JG Model Management NYC.

The company is based in St. Croix US Virgin Islands and has affiliates in St. Thomas, St. John, Puerto Rico, Bahamas, Guyana and The Bri�sh Virgin Islands. JG Management focuses on scou�ng fresh new Amazing Models and Talent! We place an emphasis on their development and commitment

and most importantly everlas�ng rela�onship with our trainees and clientele. Eventually JG Management USVI will be known thorough out the en�re Caribbean and the World. JG Management has built a great rela�onship with some of the Top modeling and talent agencies in the world, where we are looking to place our talent with, companies in all major markets such as New York, Los Angeles, Miami, Chicago, Atlanta, Paris, Milan, Germany, South Africa and Tokyo. JG has also secured a major partnership with the legendary Sandi Bass of Sandi Bass Interna�onal, who assist in placing our models worldwide. Our models have walked the runway at Summer Sizzle USVI and BVI, and The United Colors of Fashion Charity Event Gala in New York City. And have also been featured in the beauty with a purpose video for the Miss World pageant, Tourism VI Nice na�onal commercial and for recording ar�st Cruz Rock. Our models have also been featured in Caribbean Posh magazine and Zen Magazine Africa.

Some of our clients in the USVI include The Department of Tourism, Sunny Isles Shopping Center, The Sunshine Mall, Jane's Bridal & Gi�s, O� Works, Cyndee's Models in the Isles, Produc�on Wave, Film USVI, The VI Counsil of the Arts, By de Fence, Photographers Norman Allen, Denise Bennerson, Enchantment Photography and Lee Lashley. JG Management is also home to the annual Kids Rock Fashion show, JG Management Model and Talent of the Year Contest, VI Model of the Year Compe��on and The JG Center of Excellence. A nonprofit organiza�on, This corpora�on is form to encourage and promote social and educa�onal enrichment to young males in the field of Fashion and Entertainment and social skills.

For more informa�on contact Jason Gardener @ 1 . 3 4 0 . 2 4 4 . 5 5 4 4 e m a i l info@jgmanagementusvi.com

17

Gjreah Edwin VI Model of the Year

Signed a 3 year contract with

Muse Models NYC

The 1st Annual VI Model of the Year Compe��on was held during the weekend of April 4-6, 2014. This event was also a huge success and played host to industry agents represen�ng Sandi Bass Interna�onal, Muse Models New York City, Funny Faces Models New York City, BMG Models New York, Chicago, Miami, LA and Orlando.

Our Winners included Gjreah Edwin in the Female category, Breyana Almes�ca in the Junior category and Egypt Jackson in the Child bracket. For our JG Model & Talent of the Year Contest, Addisha Heskey won for Model & Izhani Rosa won for Talent.

From July 9th -19th 2014, 10 of our models traveled to New York City; Gjreah Edwin, Breyana Almes�ca, Egypt Jackson, Addisha Heskey, Izhani Rosa, Keyvil King, Mireja Baxter, N'Quoia Chris�an, Ciarra Lewis andCjay P revo st . Ea c h m o d e l p a r � c i p ate d i n photoshoots with Top photographers Benton Sampson, Dorothy Shi, Nathan Heyward and Ana Monique, in addi�on to par�cipa�ng in a Runway workshop with Top runway coach Alva Page and an Ac�ng workshop with Actress Jessica Rofe.

The young models also got an opportunity to explore downtown New York and a�end "Wicked" on Broadway. They also spent some �me site-seeing, shopping, and embarking on an Agents Go-See day.

During the weekend of July 24-27th,2014, 8 of our Models traveled to the beau�ful island of Tortola to walk the runway at the annual

Egypt JacksonSigned a contract with FunnyFaces Models New York City

continue on page 2018

Gjreah Edwin VI Model of the Year

Signed a 3 year contract with

Muse Models NYC

The 1st Annual VI Model of the Year Compe��on was held during the weekend of April 4-6, 2014. This event was also a huge success and played host to industry agents represen�ng Sandi Bass Interna�onal, Muse Models New York City, Funny Faces Models New York City, BMG Models New York, Chicago, Miami, LA and Orlando.

Our Winners included Gjreah Edwin in the Female category, Breyana Almes�ca in the Junior category and Egypt Jackson in the Child bracket. For our JG Model & Talent of the Year Contest, Addisha Heskey won for Model & Izhani Rosa won for Talent.

From July 9th -19th 2014, 10 of our models traveled to New York City; Gjreah Edwin, Breyana Almes�ca, Egypt Jackson, Addisha Heskey, Izhani Rosa, Keyvil King, Mireja Baxter, N'Quoia Chris�an, Ciarra Lewis andCjay P revo st . Ea c h m o d e l p a r � c i p ate d i n photoshoots with Top photographers Benton Sampson, Dorothy Shi, Nathan Heyward and Ana Monique, in addi�on to par�cipa�ng in a Runway workshop with Top runway coach Alva Page and an Ac�ng workshop with Actress Jessica Rofe.

The young models also got an opportunity to explore downtown New York and a�end "Wicked" on Broadway. They also spent some �me site-seeing, shopping, and embarking on an Agents Go-See day.

During the weekend of July 24-27th,2014, 8 of our Models traveled to the beau�ful island of Tortola to walk the runway at the annual

Egypt JacksonSigned a contract with FunnyFaces Models New York City

continue on page 2018

A NEW WAY OF THINKING

MAGAZINEMAGAZINE

HOTT MAGAZINE River Sallee St. Patrick GrenadaTelephone: 1473 442 0795 / 404 1001/ 419 1575

hottmagazinegrenada@gmail.com info@hottmagazinegrenada.com hottbvi@gmail.com hottusvi@gmail.com

www.hottmagazinegrenada.comCOME JOIN US AND BE PART OFTHIS AMAZING JOURNEY

NOW PUBLISHING

Hott Grenada Hott BVI Hott Kids

A NETWORK THAT IS GROWING AT A PHENOMENAL RATE

facebook: Hott magazine

Summer Sizzle BVI. Models included: Gjreah Edwin, Keyvil King, Mireja Baxter, Petra Cabrera, Egypt Jackson, Chinara Agathe, Senauh Benjamin and Zariana Mobley. It was truly an amazing experience and they all got to meet Academy Award Nominated Actress Taraji P. Henson.

In-house accomplishments this season include; VI Model of the Year Gjreah Edwin signing a 3 year contract with Muse Models NYC, VI Junior & Child Model of the Year Breyana Almes�ca and Egypt Jackson signing contracts with Funny Faces Models New York City, and Mireja Baxter who �ed for second place in VI Model of the Year, signing a three year contract with BMG Models New York, Chicago and Miami! The other 6 models received

great feedback from the agencies and are anxiously looking forward to another produc�ve season.

We are gearing up for an exci�ng new 2014-2015 season! Audi�ons will be held in August andwill be posted soon. We are also looking for males and females ages 5 & up. No experiencenecessary.

For more informa�on and interviews please contact Jason Gardener 340.244.5544 or emailJason@jgmanagementusvi.com

Mireja Baxter Second place in VI Model of the Year Signed a three year contract with BMGModels New York, Chicago and Miami

Breyana Almes�caSigned a contract with FunnyFaces Models New York City

20

Hott USVI

A NEW WAY OF THINKING

MAGAZINEMAGAZINE

HOTT MAGAZINE River Sallee St. Patrick GrenadaTelephone: 1473 442 0795 / 404 1001/ 419 1575

hottmagazinegrenada@gmail.com info@hottmagazinegrenada.com hottbvi@gmail.com hottusvi@gmail.com

www.hottmagazinegrenada.comCOME JOIN US AND BE PART OFTHIS AMAZING JOURNEY

NOW PUBLISHING

Hott Grenada Hott BVI Hott Kids

A NETWORK THAT IS GROWING AT A PHENOMENAL RATE

facebook: Hott magazine

Summer Sizzle BVI. Models included: Gjreah Edwin, Keyvil King, Mireja Baxter, Petra Cabrera, Egypt Jackson, Chinara Agathe, Senauh Benjamin and Zariana Mobley. It was truly an amazing experience and they all got to meet Academy Award Nominated Actress Taraji P. Henson.

In-house accomplishments this season include; VI Model of the Year Gjreah Edwin signing a 3 year contract with Muse Models NYC, VI Junior & Child Model of the Year Breyana Almes�ca and Egypt Jackson signing contracts with Funny Faces Models New York City, and Mireja Baxter who �ed for second place in VI Model of the Year, signing a three year contract with BMG Models New York, Chicago and Miami! The other 6 models received

great feedback from the agencies and are anxiously looking forward to another produc�ve season.

We are gearing up for an exci�ng new 2014-2015 season! Audi�ons will be held in August andwill be posted soon. We are also looking for males and females ages 5 & up. No experiencenecessary.

For more informa�on and interviews please contact Jason Gardener 340.244.5544 or emailJason@jgmanagementusvi.com

Mireja Baxter Second place in VI Model of the Year Signed a three year contract with BMGModels New York, Chicago and Miami

Breyana Almes�caSigned a contract with FunnyFaces Models New York City

20

Hott USVI

. The type of peel used should be determined by a professional. Mild strength acids... Like glycolic & salicylic acid are helpful in your daily regimen. Once these are included in the products you use, you may experience slight dryness and peeling or some irritation on affected areas. However it combats hyper –keratosis or dull thick skin by speeding up cellular reproduction and so makes the skin brighter, more even in tone and less breakouts as they also have some anti-bacterial properties. Either one of these ingredients are best combined with benzyl peroxide which infuses oxygen to kill bacteria on a more effective scale.

The use of enzyme is fast becoming the preferred way to exfoliate the skin, as it does not scar the skin unlike its apricot counterpart. These enzymes are usually derived from botanicals, fruits etc.. E.g. Paw-paw, pineapple etc.. They work by eating away only the dead cells on the surface of the skin also causing it to maintain and even tone. This too can be drying if left on the skin for longer than its recommended time.

So be sure to follow all guidelines when using these treatments. Remember it does not take a scientist to maintain great skin with an even complexion it just takes a little care!!!But in regards to everything else without protection from the sun your pigment may still show signs of discoloration. This is why sun block is so important. For the indoors an spf 15 is just enough and when in direct sunlight choose an spf of 30 which is recommended.

Shana JawahirPrecision Beauty ClinicEsthetician1473 439 5633

What goes inside soon shows outside!Vitamins are a big booster for your skins health as they aid in absorption, repair and other cellular functions. Such main vitamins are A, C, D&E. Fruits and vegetables are a good and natural source of these, except for D which absorbed through the skin from the sun. So be sure to get your full servings of these everyday, because healthy cells produce healthy pigment and has a stronger defense system.Water I believe is one of the foundations upon which healthy skin is built. This is so because the body is made up of mostly water e.g. Blood, lymph, enzymes, mucous etc… The membranes of our cells are like sponges made and intended to absorb much water to carry out their functions.

Exercise!Cardio-vascular!! No offence to the other forms of exercise but when it comes to cleaning out your skin, this method of working out proves to be the most effective. Why? Well it gives you a good sweat. Studies have shown that by the body sweating profusely it flushes out the dead cells, oil and bacteria to the surface that is lodged in the pores. Even better you get the constant urge to drink lots of water. Someone who drinks water and exercise over a period of time their sweat comprises mainly of water with small amounts of urea and salt, which ,if gets concentrated can cause irritation. Further more these

persons tend to usually have a clean clear complexion backed with a glow from much hydration.

Topical treatments!Moisture protects the PH of your skin (4.5-5.5) which is mildly acidic. A cream applied on the face serves to be a barrier from harmful external agents which can create free radicals (damaged cells) or bacterial infection. It also holds the skins natural moisture in , preventing excessive moisture loss, fighting dryness that holds blemishes longer. While at the same time targeting other problems faced by the skin with specific ingredients suited to counteract.

Masks are great for repairing and purifying. This must not be left out in your emergency skin care kit. There are various types to suit your skins condition but when it comes to maintaining your color there are just a few that will do the trick. There is the cucumber and aloe mask, the alpha and beta hydroxyl masks or special masks with glycolic or salicylic acids in them that specifically target hyper-pigmented areas.

Gentle micro-peels can be done once a year on skin that suffers from dullness due to epidermal thickening, Acne or hyper-pigmentation but must be administered by a skin therapist or dermatologist. Such peels can be lactic acid, pumpkin enzymes, flower acid or glycolic acid and many more.

Skin Color At Its Best! Guidelines to Keeping your Complexion pure!!

22 23

. The type of peel used should be determined by a professional. Mild strength acids... Like glycolic & salicylic acid are helpful in your daily regimen. Once these are included in the products you use, you may experience slight dryness and peeling or some irritation on affected areas. However it combats hyper –keratosis or dull thick skin by speeding up cellular reproduction and so makes the skin brighter, more even in tone and less breakouts as they also have some anti-bacterial properties. Either one of these ingredients are best combined with benzyl peroxide which infuses oxygen to kill bacteria on a more effective scale.

The use of enzyme is fast becoming the preferred way to exfoliate the skin, as it does not scar the skin unlike its apricot counterpart. These enzymes are usually derived from botanicals, fruits etc.. E.g. Paw-paw, pineapple etc.. They work by eating away only the dead cells on the surface of the skin also causing it to maintain and even tone. This too can be drying if left on the skin for longer than its recommended time.

So be sure to follow all guidelines when using these treatments. Remember it does not take a scientist to maintain great skin with an even complexion it just takes a little care!!!But in regards to everything else without protection from the sun your pigment may still show signs of discoloration. This is why sun block is so important. For the indoors an spf 15 is just enough and when in direct sunlight choose an spf of 30 which is recommended.

Shana JawahirPrecision Beauty ClinicEsthetician1473 439 5633

What goes inside soon shows outside!Vitamins are a big booster for your skins health as they aid in absorption, repair and other cellular functions. Such main vitamins are A, C, D&E. Fruits and vegetables are a good and natural source of these, except for D which absorbed through the skin from the sun. So be sure to get your full servings of these everyday, because healthy cells produce healthy pigment and has a stronger defense system.Water I believe is one of the foundations upon which healthy skin is built. This is so because the body is made up of mostly water e.g. Blood, lymph, enzymes, mucous etc… The membranes of our cells are like sponges made and intended to absorb much water to carry out their functions.

Exercise!Cardio-vascular!! No offence to the other forms of exercise but when it comes to cleaning out your skin, this method of working out proves to be the most effective. Why? Well it gives you a good sweat. Studies have shown that by the body sweating profusely it flushes out the dead cells, oil and bacteria to the surface that is lodged in the pores. Even better you get the constant urge to drink lots of water. Someone who drinks water and exercise over a period of time their sweat comprises mainly of water with small amounts of urea and salt, which ,if gets concentrated can cause irritation. Further more these

persons tend to usually have a clean clear complexion backed with a glow from much hydration.

Topical treatments!Moisture protects the PH of your skin (4.5-5.5) which is mildly acidic. A cream applied on the face serves to be a barrier from harmful external agents which can create free radicals (damaged cells) or bacterial infection. It also holds the skins natural moisture in , preventing excessive moisture loss, fighting dryness that holds blemishes longer. While at the same time targeting other problems faced by the skin with specific ingredients suited to counteract.

Masks are great for repairing and purifying. This must not be left out in your emergency skin care kit. There are various types to suit your skins condition but when it comes to maintaining your color there are just a few that will do the trick. There is the cucumber and aloe mask, the alpha and beta hydroxyl masks or special masks with glycolic or salicylic acids in them that specifically target hyper-pigmented areas.

Gentle micro-peels can be done once a year on skin that suffers from dullness due to epidermal thickening, Acne or hyper-pigmentation but must be administered by a skin therapist or dermatologist. Such peels can be lactic acid, pumpkin enzymes, flower acid or glycolic acid and many more.

Skin Color At Its Best! Guidelines to Keeping your Complexion pure!!

22 23

With this recent destruc�ve storm – Gonzalo – we're

reminded of the importance of sound and sustainable

cri�cal infrastructure, including wastewater

treatment systems that can be so vulnerable to the

elements and disrupted power supplies. The vast

majority of wastewater systems in the Eastern

Caribbean are de-centralized systems, ranging in size

from single family residences and villas to large

shoreline resorts and developments. The protec�on

of our shorelines and our cri�cal marine ecologies and

coral reef systems demands that we select and

manage these wastewater treatment systems

responsibly.

Sound and sustainable wastewater systems have the

following characteris�cs:

- Reliable treatment performance to standards

suited to the par�cular site and project's condi�ons

that will protect public and environmental health;

- The least energy usage needed to reliably and

consistently accomplish targeted treatment levels;

- The least on-going opera�onal and maintenance

needs to accomplish the targeted treatment level;

- Long useful service lives;

- Effec�ve use of natural site condi�ons for

accomplishing targeted treatment levels;

- Avoidance of odors and other nuisance condi�ons

including unsightly open treatment reactors, and

disease transmission through vectors such as

mosquitos and rodents;

- Reuse of treated water as possible to help

contribute to local and regional water conserva�on

needs.

All of these things should be considered when

selec�ng the best wastewater management solu�on

for any project, regardless of size. The de-centralized

wastewater industry has evolved tremendously in

response to this need during the past decade.

Methods, materials and equipment have been

developed by a number of manufacturers that

collec�vely help engineers to have the tools needed

to effec�vely accomplish these goals. Increasingly,

treatment approaches u�lizing far less energy,

requiring far less maintenance (including sludge

pumping and hauling), and which perform much

more reliably especially in areas with seasonally

variable use, are replacing the older / tradi�onal

methods of treatment such as ac�vated sludge and

extended aera�on plants.

The photo in Figure 1 shows a conven�onal open-tank

type treatment system using the ac�vated sludge

(suspended growth) treatment process that is

common in the Caribbean region, including many

large hotels and resorts. These types of systems have

inherent “downsides” as compared with state-of-the-

art treatment approaches increasingly used

worldwide in se�ngs with similar challenges and

sensi�ve environments.

This photo shows a conven�onal treatment plant

using an ac�vated sludge treatment process. The

author considers this method of treatment much less

sustainable as compared with other available

treatment approaches for the following reasons:-Requires much more energy per gallon of treated wastewater;- Requires much more maintenance and sludge removal; - Performs less reliably in se�ngs with seasonal variability;- Not well-protected from severe weather;- High poten�al for odors and vectors;- Aesthe�c issues requiring visual screening

A different treatment approach used very successfully for many years for all sizes of de-centralized (and centralized) wastewater treatment projects is the a�ached growth / fixed film treatment process, which includes recircula�ng or single-pass filter systems. These systems have some inherent advantages to suspended growth systems in some key ways rela�ve to sound performance and sustainability. Advantages of these treatment processes include:

- Naturally aerobic treatment condi�ons in the

unsaturated treatment media, avoiding the need to

keep blowers / aerators running 24/7 to maintain

Sound Sustainable De-Centralized

Wastewater Systems

Susan Parten, P.E. is a professional civil-environmental engineer having over thirty years experience with the research, design, and construc�on management of decentralized and centralized waste treatment systems. The focus of her research and design work has been on approaches providing high levels of environmental p r o t e c � o n a n d l o n g - t e r m sustainability, including energy-efficiency and low-maintenance

needs. She has designed small to large scale wastewater treatment systems, compos�ng and co-compos�ng opera�ons, and systems us ing alterna�ve and recycled materials for waste treatment. Other experience includes consul�ng with regulatory programs for the development of locally-appropriate management and regulatory compliance prac�ces, including work with the Virgin Islands Department of Planning and Natural Resources, the Fairfax County, Virginia Health Department, and the City of Aus�n Texas' Water U�lity.

Ms. Parten is a licensed civil engineer in the U.S. Virgin Islands and in Texas, and is a part �me resident of St. Thomas. She holds a BS in Civil Engineering and Masters of Science in Environmental Health Engineering, both from the University of Texas at Aus�n, and a BA in Spanish from the University of Missouri. She is author of the 2009 McGraw-Hill Professional b o o k P l a n n i n g a n d I n s t a l l i n g Sustainable Onsite Wastewater S y s t e m s .

Community Environmental Services Inc.

Susan M. Parten P.E

24 25

With this recent destruc�ve storm – Gonzalo – we're

reminded of the importance of sound and sustainable

cri�cal infrastructure, including wastewater

treatment systems that can be so vulnerable to the

elements and disrupted power supplies. The vast

majority of wastewater systems in the Eastern

Caribbean are de-centralized systems, ranging in size

from single family residences and villas to large

shoreline resorts and developments. The protec�on

of our shorelines and our cri�cal marine ecologies and

coral reef systems demands that we select and

manage these wastewater treatment systems

responsibly.

Sound and sustainable wastewater systems have the

following characteris�cs:

- Reliable treatment performance to standards

suited to the par�cular site and project's condi�ons

that will protect public and environmental health;

- The least energy usage needed to reliably and

consistently accomplish targeted treatment levels;

- The least on-going opera�onal and maintenance

needs to accomplish the targeted treatment level;

- Long useful service lives;

- Effec�ve use of natural site condi�ons for

accomplishing targeted treatment levels;

- Avoidance of odors and other nuisance condi�ons

including unsightly open treatment reactors, and

disease transmission through vectors such as

mosquitos and rodents;

- Reuse of treated water as possible to help

contribute to local and regional water conserva�on

needs.

All of these things should be considered when

selec�ng the best wastewater management solu�on

for any project, regardless of size. The de-centralized

wastewater industry has evolved tremendously in

response to this need during the past decade.

Methods, materials and equipment have been

developed by a number of manufacturers that

collec�vely help engineers to have the tools needed

to effec�vely accomplish these goals. Increasingly,

treatment approaches u�lizing far less energy,

requiring far less maintenance (including sludge

pumping and hauling), and which perform much

more reliably especially in areas with seasonally

variable use, are replacing the older / tradi�onal

methods of treatment such as ac�vated sludge and

extended aera�on plants.

The photo in Figure 1 shows a conven�onal open-tank

type treatment system using the ac�vated sludge

(suspended growth) treatment process that is

common in the Caribbean region, including many

large hotels and resorts. These types of systems have

inherent “downsides” as compared with state-of-the-

art treatment approaches increasingly used

worldwide in se�ngs with similar challenges and

sensi�ve environments.

This photo shows a conven�onal treatment plant

using an ac�vated sludge treatment process. The

author considers this method of treatment much less

sustainable as compared with other available

treatment approaches for the following reasons:-Requires much more energy per gallon of treated wastewater;- Requires much more maintenance and sludge removal; - Performs less reliably in se�ngs with seasonal variability;- Not well-protected from severe weather;- High poten�al for odors and vectors;- Aesthe�c issues requiring visual screening

A different treatment approach used very successfully for many years for all sizes of de-centralized (and centralized) wastewater treatment projects is the a�ached growth / fixed film treatment process, which includes recircula�ng or single-pass filter systems. These systems have some inherent advantages to suspended growth systems in some key ways rela�ve to sound performance and sustainability. Advantages of these treatment processes include:

- Naturally aerobic treatment condi�ons in the

unsaturated treatment media, avoiding the need to

keep blowers / aerators running 24/7 to maintain

Sound Sustainable De-Centralized

Wastewater Systems

Susan Parten, P.E. is a professional civil-environmental engineer having over thirty years experience with the research, design, and construc�on management of decentralized and centralized waste treatment systems. The focus of her research and design work has been on approaches providing high levels of environmental p r o t e c � o n a n d l o n g - t e r m sustainability, including energy-efficiency and low-maintenance

needs. She has designed small to large scale wastewater treatment systems, compos�ng and co-compos�ng opera�ons, and systems us ing alterna�ve and recycled materials for waste treatment. Other experience includes consul�ng with regulatory programs for the development of locally-appropriate management and regulatory compliance prac�ces, including work with the Virgin Islands Department of Planning and Natural Resources, the Fairfax County, Virginia Health Department, and the City of Aus�n Texas' Water U�lity.

Ms. Parten is a licensed civil engineer in the U.S. Virgin Islands and in Texas, and is a part �me resident of St. Thomas. She holds a BS in Civil Engineering and Masters of Science in Environmental Health Engineering, both from the University of Texas at Aus�n, and a BA in Spanish from the University of Missouri. She is author of the 2009 McGraw-Hill Professional b o o k P l a n n i n g a n d I n s t a l l i n g Sustainable Onsite Wastewater S y s t e m s .

Community Environmental Services Inc.

Susan M. Parten P.E

24 25

f o r t h e c o m p l e x , w h i c h w i l l c o n s i s t o f

secondary/advanced treatment via a recircula�ng

media filter, followed by sand polishing and UV

disinfec�on prior to storage of that water in a cistern

(the concrete structure at the lower right of Figure 7)

and use for landscape irriga�on. Once completed, only

the green fiberglass lids of the primary treatment tanks

will be seen at the ground surface next to each villa.

Only minimal landscaping will be needed surrounding

the common por�ons of the overall treatment system.

Systems similar to the above are also commonly used

for single family homes/villas. Below is a photo of a

small recircula�ng media treatment system capable of

trea�ng flows up to about 450 gallons daily. The system

consists of a primary tank (two-compartment “sep�c”

tank), a recircula�on tank and the synthe�c media

filter unit. The recircula�on tank can be placed

beneath the filtra�on unit (green box)

.

Figures 8, 9 and 10 above show a residen�al / single

villa sized recircula�ng synthe�c media filter. Figure 8

shows the unit before installa�on / backfilling

(recircula�on tank not shown). Figure 9 shows this

same treatment unit a�er installa�on. The vent allows

circula�on of air into the unit to ensure con�nue

aerobic condi�ons. In Figure 10 the unit is opened,

showing the tex�le media “sheets” beneath the

effluent distribu�on piping and orifice shields. Effluent

from the treatment system will be dosed into

subsurface dispersal trenches, where further natural

soil treatment processes will occur and help prevent

any runoff of effluent that s�ll contains nutrients that

could impact receiving waters. Final soil treatment /

polishing of treated effluent also avoid the need for any

added disinfec�on process.

aerobic condi�ons; this results in much less energy

usage – commonly 1/10 to 1/20 as compared with

suspended growth / ac�vated sludge processes sized

to treat the same wastewater flows;

- Significantly less sludge produc�on as compared with

suspended growth / ac�vated sludge treatment

processes;

- Fixed film layers of biomat established on the

treatment media offer an established “habitat” for

treatment bacteria during variable daily and seasonal

wastewater loading cycles characteris�c of de-

centralized wastewater systems, especially in

Caribbean se�ngs;

- Recircula�ng media filters are commonly housed in

enclosed treatment containment units occupying

rela�vely small footprints; these treatment housings

protect against weather, odors and vectors, and need

for significant visual screening.

- The “biomat” that naturally develops on the

treatment media in a�ached growth treatment

systems has layers of both nitrifying and denitrifying

bacteria. This enables significant removal of total

nitrogen, which is a major contributor to impaired

shorelines throughout the Caribbean.

Examples of these a�ached growth / fixed film

treatment processes include recircula�ng gravel and

synthe�c media filters, trickling filters and sand filters.

Recircula�ng synthe�c media filters are manufactured

and increasingly used worldwide which occupy small

footprints and have robust housings that protect

wastewater equipment investments from severe

weather. Figures 2 through 10 show examples of these

systems currently opera�ng or under construc�on in

eastern Caribbean se�ngs.

Figure 2 above shows a recircula�ng media filter

system serving a 23-unit condominium complex on St.

Thomas, USVI. The two units comprising the main part

of the treatment system are located just below the

complex's swimming pool deck, behind a retaining

wall. The primary treatment tank is on the le� (three

access hatches on top) and the secondary/advanced

recircula�ng tex�le media filter is on the right. Figure 3

shows the end view of the secondary/advanced

treatment unit. The lids are hinged and flip up (to the

right in this photo) for periodic checks and the minimal

rou�ne maintenance needed every six to eight weeks.

Figure 4 below shows a sand polishing filter that

follows the recircula�ng media filter to ensure an

excellent quality of water, as shown in Figure 5, before

final disinfec�on and use as recycle water on the

property. The water is stored in a recycle water cistern

and used for toilet flushing and landscaping irriga�on.

One problem common too many Caribbean

wastewater systems is an absence of or insufficient

primary se�ling / treatment capacity ahead of

secondary/advanced treatment processes. All

decentralized systems, regardless of size, need

adequate primary treatment. As a colleague quipped

once to me… “Bacteria don't have teeth.” The bacteria

responsible for secondary/advanced treatment

processes can only process soluble pollutants

efficiently in the liquid form. It's also important to

r e m o v e f a t s , o i l s a n d g r e a s e s a h e a d o f

secondary/advanced treatment processes. These

primary tanks should also be sized large enough to

avoid excessively frequent pumping intervals. Below

are photos of high quality fiberglass tanks that can be

shipped to the region in half-shells and assembled on-

site. These tanks are stacked one inside the other and

shipped in containers, making much more efficient use

of costly space on container ships.

The two primary tanks on the le� in Figure 6 above are

awai�ng installa�on next to individual villas at this

upscale shoreline residen�al resort in the Bri�sh West

Indies. The tanks to the right that are already in place

with risers affixed (and to be trimmed to match

finished grade) will be part of the common treatment

26

W hether taking their places in a photo, receiving a present or

p r o v i d i n g c o m f o r t a n d companionship around the clock, our dogs occupies a special place in our hearts and homes. As your dog owner, the responsibility falls on you to make decisions about his or her well-being. By recognizing your dog's needs and arming yourselves with the right know how your dog will thrive and be a loving companion for many years to come.

Dogs Are APart Of The Family

27

f o r t h e c o m p l e x , w h i c h w i l l c o n s i s t o f

secondary/advanced treatment via a recircula�ng

media filter, followed by sand polishing and UV

disinfec�on prior to storage of that water in a cistern

(the concrete structure at the lower right of Figure 7)

and use for landscape irriga�on. Once completed, only

the green fiberglass lids of the primary treatment tanks

will be seen at the ground surface next to each villa.

Only minimal landscaping will be needed surrounding

the common por�ons of the overall treatment system.

Systems similar to the above are also commonly used

for single family homes/villas. Below is a photo of a

small recircula�ng media treatment system capable of

trea�ng flows up to about 450 gallons daily. The system

consists of a primary tank (two-compartment “sep�c”

tank), a recircula�on tank and the synthe�c media

filter unit. The recircula�on tank can be placed

beneath the filtra�on unit (green box)

.

Figures 8, 9 and 10 above show a residen�al / single

villa sized recircula�ng synthe�c media filter. Figure 8

shows the unit before installa�on / backfilling

(recircula�on tank not shown). Figure 9 shows this

same treatment unit a�er installa�on. The vent allows

circula�on of air into the unit to ensure con�nue

aerobic condi�ons. In Figure 10 the unit is opened,

showing the tex�le media “sheets” beneath the

effluent distribu�on piping and orifice shields. Effluent

from the treatment system will be dosed into

subsurface dispersal trenches, where further natural

soil treatment processes will occur and help prevent

any runoff of effluent that s�ll contains nutrients that

could impact receiving waters. Final soil treatment /

polishing of treated effluent also avoid the need for any

added disinfec�on process.

aerobic condi�ons; this results in much less energy

usage – commonly 1/10 to 1/20 as compared with

suspended growth / ac�vated sludge processes sized

to treat the same wastewater flows;

- Significantly less sludge produc�on as compared with

suspended growth / ac�vated sludge treatment

processes;

- Fixed film layers of biomat established on the

treatment media offer an established “habitat” for

treatment bacteria during variable daily and seasonal

wastewater loading cycles characteris�c of de-

centralized wastewater systems, especially in

Caribbean se�ngs;

- Recircula�ng media filters are commonly housed in

enclosed treatment containment units occupying

rela�vely small footprints; these treatment housings

protect against weather, odors and vectors, and need

for significant visual screening.

- The “biomat” that naturally develops on the

treatment media in a�ached growth treatment

systems has layers of both nitrifying and denitrifying

bacteria. This enables significant removal of total

nitrogen, which is a major contributor to impaired

shorelines throughout the Caribbean.

Examples of these a�ached growth / fixed film

treatment processes include recircula�ng gravel and

synthe�c media filters, trickling filters and sand filters.

Recircula�ng synthe�c media filters are manufactured

and increasingly used worldwide which occupy small

footprints and have robust housings that protect

wastewater equipment investments from severe

weather. Figures 2 through 10 show examples of these

systems currently opera�ng or under construc�on in

eastern Caribbean se�ngs.

Figure 2 above shows a recircula�ng media filter

system serving a 23-unit condominium complex on St.

Thomas, USVI. The two units comprising the main part

of the treatment system are located just below the

complex's swimming pool deck, behind a retaining

wall. The primary treatment tank is on the le� (three

access hatches on top) and the secondary/advanced

recircula�ng tex�le media filter is on the right. Figure 3

shows the end view of the secondary/advanced

treatment unit. The lids are hinged and flip up (to the

right in this photo) for periodic checks and the minimal

rou�ne maintenance needed every six to eight weeks.

Figure 4 below shows a sand polishing filter that

follows the recircula�ng media filter to ensure an

excellent quality of water, as shown in Figure 5, before

final disinfec�on and use as recycle water on the

property. The water is stored in a recycle water cistern

and used for toilet flushing and landscaping irriga�on.

One problem common too many Caribbean

wastewater systems is an absence of or insufficient

primary se�ling / treatment capacity ahead of

secondary/advanced treatment processes. All

decentralized systems, regardless of size, need

adequate primary treatment. As a colleague quipped

once to me… “Bacteria don't have teeth.” The bacteria

responsible for secondary/advanced treatment

processes can only process soluble pollutants

efficiently in the liquid form. It's also important to

r e m o v e f a t s , o i l s a n d g r e a s e s a h e a d o f

secondary/advanced treatment processes. These

primary tanks should also be sized large enough to

avoid excessively frequent pumping intervals. Below

are photos of high quality fiberglass tanks that can be

shipped to the region in half-shells and assembled on-

site. These tanks are stacked one inside the other and

shipped in containers, making much more efficient use

of costly space on container ships.

The two primary tanks on the le� in Figure 6 above are

awai�ng installa�on next to individual villas at this

upscale shoreline residen�al resort in the Bri�sh West

Indies. The tanks to the right that are already in place

with risers affixed (and to be trimmed to match

finished grade) will be part of the common treatment

26

W hether taking their places in a photo, receiving a present or

p r o v i d i n g c o m f o r t a n d companionship around the clock, our dogs occupies a special place in our hearts and homes. As your dog owner, the responsibility falls on you to make decisions about his or her well-being. By recognizing your dog's needs and arming yourselves with the right know how your dog will thrive and be a loving companion for many years to come.

Dogs Are APart Of The Family

27

Brighten up your day with wonderful fruits and vegetables. It’s bursting with fresh, nourishing flavor!

n your quest for better health, strive for

Ifive -five serving of fruits and vegetables a day, that is! And be sure

to make one of the five a rich source of vitamin C, such as citrus fruits.

Juicy oranges and grapefruits are delicious on their own.They also brighten up salads, give sauces a refreshing flavor, and add a decorative garnish to entrees.

FRUITS & VEGETABLES

“I resolve to eat more fruits and vegetables every day”

ORANGE CHICKEN

2 lbs boneless chicken breast, cubed1 cup brown sugar2 cups all purpose flour1 raw egg,beaten1/4 teaspoon salt1/4 teaspoon peppercooking oil1 1/2 cup water4 tablespoons orange juice2 tbsp cornstarch1/4 cup vinegar2 tablespoons soy sauce1 teaspoon garlic, minced1/2 cup green onions, finely chopped

Cooking Procedure

1. In a container, put-in the flour, salt, and ground black pepper then mix well

2. Dip the chicken on the beaten egg mixture and place inside the container

3. Close the container and shake until the chicken is evenly coated with the flour mixture

4. Deep fry the chicken for about 7 minutes or until the color turns golden brown. Set aside

5. In a pan, put-in the water, soy sauce, vinegar, and orange juice then bring to a boil

6. Add the garlic and simmer for 5 minutes

7. Add the sugar and and simmer for 3 to 5 minutes

8.Put-in the green onions and cornstarch (diluted in 2 tbsp of water) then mix well

9. Add the deep-fried chicken on pan and cook until sauce nearly evaporates

10. Serve hot. Share and Enjoy!

28

Brighten up your day with wonderful fruits and vegetables. It’s bursting with fresh, nourishing flavor!

n your quest for better health, strive for

Ifive -five serving of fruits and vegetables a day, that is! And be sure

to make one of the five a rich source of vitamin C, such as citrus fruits.

Juicy oranges and grapefruits are delicious on their own.They also brighten up salads, give sauces a refreshing flavor, and add a decorative garnish to entrees.

FRUITS & VEGETABLES

“I resolve to eat more fruits and vegetables every day”

ORANGE CHICKEN

2 lbs boneless chicken breast, cubed1 cup brown sugar2 cups all purpose flour1 raw egg,beaten1/4 teaspoon salt1/4 teaspoon peppercooking oil1 1/2 cup water4 tablespoons orange juice2 tbsp cornstarch1/4 cup vinegar2 tablespoons soy sauce1 teaspoon garlic, minced1/2 cup green onions, finely chopped

Cooking Procedure

1. In a container, put-in the flour, salt, and ground black pepper then mix well

2. Dip the chicken on the beaten egg mixture and place inside the container

3. Close the container and shake until the chicken is evenly coated with the flour mixture

4. Deep fry the chicken for about 7 minutes or until the color turns golden brown. Set aside

5. In a pan, put-in the water, soy sauce, vinegar, and orange juice then bring to a boil

6. Add the garlic and simmer for 5 minutes

7. Add the sugar and and simmer for 3 to 5 minutes

8.Put-in the green onions and cornstarch (diluted in 2 tbsp of water) then mix well

9. Add the deep-fried chicken on pan and cook until sauce nearly evaporates

10. Serve hot. Share and Enjoy!

28

To know how much sodium you are taking in, make a habit of reading food labels and menus carefully. High sodium can be hidden in processed foods such as lunchmeats and ready-made soups.

Hypertension and StressStress!!! Stress contributes to blood pressure spikes and can affect the heart. Stress can also lead to other unhealthy habits, such as a poor diet, alcohol use, or smoking, which can contribute to high blood pressure and heart disease.

Hypertension and WeightToo much weight puts strain on the heart and increases the risk of high blood pressure. That is why diets to lower blood pressure are often also designed to control calories. They typically call for cutting fatty foods and added sugars, while increasing fruits, vegetables, lean protein, and fiber. Even losing 10 pounds can make a difference.

Hypertension and MedicineMany flu or cold medicines that contain decongestants are one of several classes of medication that can cause blood pressure to rise. Others include NSAID pain relievers, steroids, diet pills, birth control pills, and some antidepressants. If you have high blood pressure, talk to you doctor about what drugs and supplements you are taking that may affect blood pressure.

Hypertension and PregnancySome women experience hypertension in the second half of pregnancy. This is called

Gestational Hypertension. If this goes untreated the resulting condition called preeclampsia will put both mother and baby at risk. Blood and oxygen flow to the baby and the mother's kidneys and brain can be damaged. After the baby is born, the mother's blood pressure usually returns to its normal level.

Treatment:

The DASH DietYou may be able to lower your blood pressure by switching to a better diet. The DASH Diet -- Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension -- involves eating more fruits, vegetables, whole-grain foods, low-fat dairy, fish, poultry, and nuts. You should eat less red meat, saturated fats, and sweets. Reducing sodium in the diet can also have a significant effect.

Exercise:Regular exercise is good for overall health and also helps to lower blood pressure. Adults should get about 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise at least three times every week. That could include gardening, walking briskly, bicycling, or other aerobic exercise. Don't forget your muscles. Special exercises to strengthen the muscles are recommended at least two days a week.

High blood pressure or Hypertension can affect anyone if they live long enough. Just like your kitchen pipe, pressure is caused by the fluid on the walls of the pipe or in this case the arteries. Pressure that is too high on the arteries causes the heart to work harder and can also cause serious damage to the arteries. Over time, uncontrolled high blood pressure increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease.

A person can have high blood pressure for years and not know it. There may be no symptoms. This is why it is sometimes called the “silent killer”. This silent killer slowly damages the heart, lungs, blood vessels, kidney and brain when it goes untreated. As a result, having high blood pressure puts one at high risk for strokes and heart attacks.

Sooo...what causes high blood pressure?A person with normal blood pressure will have readings below 120/80. Higher results over time can indicate hypertension. In most cases, the underlying cause of hypertension is unknown. The top number (systolic) shows the pressure when the heart beats. The lower number (diastolic) measures pressure at rest between heartbeats, when the heart refills with

blood. Occasionally, kidney or adrenal gland disease can lead to hypertension.

Warning !!Many persons have pre-hypertension. This means their blood pressure is consistently just above the normal level -- falling anywhere between 120 and 139 for systolic pressure or 80 to 89 for the diastolic pressure. People in this range have a higher risk of developing heart disease than those with a lower reading. Lifestyle changes to help lower your blood pressure.

Danger Zone!!You are in the danger zone if you have high blood pressure of readings consistently at 140/90 or higher – even is you have no symptoms. At 180/110 and higher, you may be having a hypertensive crisis. Rest for a few minutes and take your blood pressure again. If it is still very high, call 911. A hypertensive crisis can lead to a stroke, heart attack, kidney damage, or loss of consciousness. Symptoms of a hypertensive crisis can include a severe headache, anxiety, nosebleeds, and feeling short of breath.

Genetics play an important role in a person developing hypertension. Also, many persons, about 60% of people with hypertension also have diabetes.African-Americans are more likely to develop hypertension -- and to develop it at a younger age. Diet and excessive weight can play a role, as well as age.

Contributing FactorsHypertension and SodiumSodium (salt), can raise blood pressure. Sodium causes the body to keep fluid and cause the heart to work harder. According to the American Heart Association we should eat less than 1500 mg of sodium per day.

30 31

To know how much sodium you are taking in, make a habit of reading food labels and menus carefully. High sodium can be hidden in processed foods such as lunchmeats and ready-made soups.

Hypertension and StressStress!!! Stress contributes to blood pressure spikes and can affect the heart. Stress can also lead to other unhealthy habits, such as a poor diet, alcohol use, or smoking, which can contribute to high blood pressure and heart disease.

Hypertension and WeightToo much weight puts strain on the heart and increases the risk of high blood pressure. That is why diets to lower blood pressure are often also designed to control calories. They typically call for cutting fatty foods and added sugars, while increasing fruits, vegetables, lean protein, and fiber. Even losing 10 pounds can make a difference.

Hypertension and MedicineMany flu or cold medicines that contain decongestants are one of several classes of medication that can cause blood pressure to rise. Others include NSAID pain relievers, steroids, diet pills, birth control pills, and some antidepressants. If you have high blood pressure, talk to you doctor about what drugs and supplements you are taking that may affect blood pressure.

Hypertension and PregnancySome women experience hypertension in the second half of pregnancy. This is called

Gestational Hypertension. If this goes untreated the resulting condition called preeclampsia will put both mother and baby at risk. Blood and oxygen flow to the baby and the mother's kidneys and brain can be damaged. After the baby is born, the mother's blood pressure usually returns to its normal level.

Treatment:

The DASH DietYou may be able to lower your blood pressure by switching to a better diet. The DASH Diet -- Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension -- involves eating more fruits, vegetables, whole-grain foods, low-fat dairy, fish, poultry, and nuts. You should eat less red meat, saturated fats, and sweets. Reducing sodium in the diet can also have a significant effect.

Exercise:Regular exercise is good for overall health and also helps to lower blood pressure. Adults should get about 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise at least three times every week. That could include gardening, walking briskly, bicycling, or other aerobic exercise. Don't forget your muscles. Special exercises to strengthen the muscles are recommended at least two days a week.

High blood pressure or Hypertension can affect anyone if they live long enough. Just like your kitchen pipe, pressure is caused by the fluid on the walls of the pipe or in this case the arteries. Pressure that is too high on the arteries causes the heart to work harder and can also cause serious damage to the arteries. Over time, uncontrolled high blood pressure increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease.

A person can have high blood pressure for years and not know it. There may be no symptoms. This is why it is sometimes called the “silent killer”. This silent killer slowly damages the heart, lungs, blood vessels, kidney and brain when it goes untreated. As a result, having high blood pressure puts one at high risk for strokes and heart attacks.

Sooo...what causes high blood pressure?A person with normal blood pressure will have readings below 120/80. Higher results over time can indicate hypertension. In most cases, the underlying cause of hypertension is unknown. The top number (systolic) shows the pressure when the heart beats. The lower number (diastolic) measures pressure at rest between heartbeats, when the heart refills with

blood. Occasionally, kidney or adrenal gland disease can lead to hypertension.

Warning !!Many persons have pre-hypertension. This means their blood pressure is consistently just above the normal level -- falling anywhere between 120 and 139 for systolic pressure or 80 to 89 for the diastolic pressure. People in this range have a higher risk of developing heart disease than those with a lower reading. Lifestyle changes to help lower your blood pressure.

Danger Zone!!You are in the danger zone if you have high blood pressure of readings consistently at 140/90 or higher – even is you have no symptoms. At 180/110 and higher, you may be having a hypertensive crisis. Rest for a few minutes and take your blood pressure again. If it is still very high, call 911. A hypertensive crisis can lead to a stroke, heart attack, kidney damage, or loss of consciousness. Symptoms of a hypertensive crisis can include a severe headache, anxiety, nosebleeds, and feeling short of breath.

Genetics play an important role in a person developing hypertension. Also, many persons, about 60% of people with hypertension also have diabetes.African-Americans are more likely to develop hypertension -- and to develop it at a younger age. Diet and excessive weight can play a role, as well as age.

Contributing FactorsHypertension and SodiumSodium (salt), can raise blood pressure. Sodium causes the body to keep fluid and cause the heart to work harder. According to the American Heart Association we should eat less than 1500 mg of sodium per day.

30 31

MedicationAfter diet and exercise changes, diuretics are often the next choice. Water pills as they are often called shed excess sodium and water to lower blood pressure. They will send a person to urinate more often. Beta-blockers help to slow the heart rate and decrease the work the heart has to do. ACE inhibitors helps to keep blood vessels dilated and this lowers blood pressure and the heart works under less pressure. Calcium channel blockers slow the movement of calcium into the cells of the heart and blood vessels and help to ease the heart's contraction and relax the blood vessels

Living With High Blood PressureLiving with hypertension may be life long. It is important to take medication on time. Every person/family should have a blood pressure monitor to check their blood pressure. Remember hypertension is a silent killer. Persons without high blood pressure should check their pressure once a month. Those who are diagnosed already should check daily and

keep a log of the pressure reading. It is important to also keep a medication log of when medication was taken and the dose, which was taken. When you visit you doctor take both logs with you. It will help the doctor to see how well your blood pressure is being managed on a daily basis. If you keep it under control, you can reduce the risk of stroke, heart disease, and kidney failure.

32

EAT HEALTHY

MedicationAfter diet and exercise changes, diuretics are often the next choice. Water pills as they are often called shed excess sodium and water to lower blood pressure. They will send a person to urinate more often. Beta-blockers help to slow the heart rate and decrease the work the heart has to do. ACE inhibitors helps to keep blood vessels dilated and this lowers blood pressure and the heart works under less pressure. Calcium channel blockers slow the movement of calcium into the cells of the heart and blood vessels and help to ease the heart's contraction and relax the blood vessels

Living With High Blood PressureLiving with hypertension may be life long. It is important to take medication on time. Every person/family should have a blood pressure monitor to check their blood pressure. Remember hypertension is a silent killer. Persons without high blood pressure should check their pressure once a month. Those who are diagnosed already should check daily and

keep a log of the pressure reading. It is important to also keep a medication log of when medication was taken and the dose, which was taken. When you visit you doctor take both logs with you. It will help the doctor to see how well your blood pressure is being managed on a daily basis. If you keep it under control, you can reduce the risk of stroke, heart disease, and kidney failure.

32

EAT HEALTHY

34

Mmmmmm .... pie. The gorgeous smell of just baked pastry that fills the kitchen after you bake a pie is, arguable, only bettered by the aromas that rise from steamingly hot loaves of bread, just whisked from the oven. Those sweet, earthly whiffs have been ruining appetites for eons- for who on earth can resist a warm slice of homey pie or freshly baked bread, even if it close to diner time.

And to think that, in the early years of pie making the pastry of a pie wasn’t even eaten; rather it functioned as the serving vessel for what lurked inside and was, from all account, rock hard and pretty awful.Early version of bread was similarly rustic; food historians conjecture that these were no more than

crude pastes of wheat, hardened over fire.

What a difference some millennia make! Now, thank to the wide availability of great ingredients, and our sophisticated home ovens, we can bake delicious pastry dough and gooey breads into whatever our hearts desire.

Heaven is a freshly baked homemade pie, no matter what time of year. Whether you're looking for a summery pie with a fresh fruit filling or a cooler-weather classic, you'll find your heart's desire in our collection of best pie recipes, below. and get ready to treat your friends and family to some heavenly slices.

SIMPLE PLEASURES

Honey Pie

Ingredients

For the Crust

· 2 1/2 cups all-purpose flour, plus more for surface

· 1 tablespoon sugar

· Coarse salt

· 4 tablespoons unsalted butter, cut into small pieces and frozen

· 3/4 cup cold rendered leaf lard or regular lard (5 ounces), cut into small pieces

· 1/4 to 1/2 cup ice water

For the Filling

· 3/4 cup plus 2 tablespoons honey (preferably organic wildflower)

· 3 tablespoons unsalted butter

· 4 large eggs

· 1 teaspoon pure vanilla extract

· 1/2 teaspoon freshly grated nutmeg

· Coarse salt

Directions

- Make the crust: Pulse flour, sugar, and 1 teaspoon salt in a food processor until combined. Add butter and lard, and pulse until mixture resembles coarse meal with some larger pieces remaining, about 10 seconds. Drizzle 1/4 cup water evenly over mixture. Pulse until mixture just begins to come together (dough should not be wet or sticky). If dough is too dry, add more water, 1 tablespoon at a time, and pulse. Shape dough into 2 disks, and wrap in plastic wrap. Refrigerate until firm, about 1 hour.

-Meanwhile, make the filling: Warm honey in a saucepan over low heat. Remove from heat, and stir in butter.

- Whisk together eggs, vanilla, nutmeg, and 1/4 teaspoon salt. Stir into honey mixture. Refrigerate until cooled, up to 1 hour.

-Preheat oven to 350 degrees, with 1 rack in the middle position and 1 rack in the bottom third of oven. Roll out dough to a 13-inch round on a lightly floured surface. Line a 9-inch pie plate with dough. Trim overhang to 1 inch; crimp. Prick bottom all over with fork. Refrigerate for 30 minutes.

- Line crust with parchment, and fill with dried beans or pie

Recipes Bazaar

- Uncover, and bake 10 minutes more. Remove dried beans and parchment. Let cool completely on a wire rack.

- Stir filling, and pour into cooled crust. Bake on bottom rack until center is set and crust is golden, 30 to 35 minutes.

Sweet Potato Pie

Ingredients· 4 medium sweet potatoes

· 3 large eggs, lightly beaten

· 1/3 cup sugar

· 1 teaspoon grated lemon zest

· 3/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon

· 1/2 teaspoon ground allspice

· 1/4 teaspoon freshly grated nutmeg

· 1/4 teaspoon salt

· 1 1/2 cups light cream

· 4 tablespoons (1/2 stick) unsalted butter, melted and cooled

· 1 Pre baked Pie Crust Pre baked Pie Crust

· Whipped Cream, for serving (optional)

Directions

- Preheat oven to 400 degrees. Pierce potatoes several times with the tines of a fork. Roast until tender when pierced with the tip of a knife, about 1 hour. Set aside to cool slightly. When cool enough to handle, peel, discarding skins, and place flesh in a medium bowl. Mash well; set aside to cool.

- In a medium bowl, whisk eggs, sugar, lemon zest, cinnamon, allspice, nutmeg, and salt, until well combined. Whisk in cream.

- Add egg mixture to cooled sweet potatoes, and whisk until thoroughly combined. Whisk in melted butter. Pour into baked crust. Bake until filling is set and the tip of a knife comes out clean when inserted into the center, 45 to 50 minutes. Cool completely before slicing. Serve topped with whipped cream.

Coconut/Banana Cream Pie Recipe

Ingredients

· 3 cups flaked coconut

· 7 tablespoons butter

· 3/4 cup sugar

· 1/4 cup all-purpose flour

· 3 tablespoons cornstarch

· 1/4 teaspoons salt

· 3 cups half-and-half cream

· 4 egg yolks, lightly beaten

· 2 teaspoons vanilla extract

· 2 large firm bananas, sliced

· Whipped cream and sliced bananas, optional

Directions

- In a large skillet, saute coconut in butter until golden. Reserve 2 tablespoons for garnish. Press remaining toasted coconut onto the bottom and up the sides of a greased 9-in. pie plate. Bake at 350° for 7 minutes. Cool on a wire rack.

- For filling, combine the sugar, flour, cornstarch and salt in a large saucepan. Stir in cream until smooth. Cook and stir over medium-high heat until thickened and bubbly. Reduce heat; cook and stir 2 minutes longer. Remove from the heat. Stir a small amount of hot filling into egg yolks; return all to pan, stirring constantly. Bring to a gentle boil; cook and stir 2 minutes longer. Remove from the heat. Gently stir in vanilla. Cool to room temperature without stirring.

- Place bananas in the crust. Cover with cream mixture. Refrigerate until set, about 2 hours. Sprinkle with reserved coconut. If desired, garnish with whipped cream and bananas. Refrigerate leftovers. Yield: 6-8 servings.

35

34

Mmmmmm .... pie. The gorgeous smell of just baked pastry that fills the kitchen after you bake a pie is, arguable, only bettered by the aromas that rise from steamingly hot loaves of bread, just whisked from the oven. Those sweet, earthly whiffs have been ruining appetites for eons- for who on earth can resist a warm slice of homey pie or freshly baked bread, even if it close to diner time.

And to think that, in the early years of pie making the pastry of a pie wasn’t even eaten; rather it functioned as the serving vessel for what lurked inside and was, from all account, rock hard and pretty awful.Early version of bread was similarly rustic; food historians conjecture that these were no more than

crude pastes of wheat, hardened over fire.

What a difference some millennia make! Now, thank to the wide availability of great ingredients, and our sophisticated home ovens, we can bake delicious pastry dough and gooey breads into whatever our hearts desire.

Heaven is a freshly baked homemade pie, no matter what time of year. Whether you're looking for a summery pie with a fresh fruit filling or a cooler-weather classic, you'll find your heart's desire in our collection of best pie recipes, below. and get ready to treat your friends and family to some heavenly slices.

SIMPLE PLEASURES

Honey Pie

Ingredients

For the Crust

· 2 1/2 cups all-purpose flour, plus more for surface

· 1 tablespoon sugar

· Coarse salt

· 4 tablespoons unsalted butter, cut into small pieces and frozen

· 3/4 cup cold rendered leaf lard or regular lard (5 ounces), cut into small pieces

· 1/4 to 1/2 cup ice water

For the Filling

· 3/4 cup plus 2 tablespoons honey (preferably organic wildflower)

· 3 tablespoons unsalted butter

· 4 large eggs

· 1 teaspoon pure vanilla extract

· 1/2 teaspoon freshly grated nutmeg

· Coarse salt

Directions

- Make the crust: Pulse flour, sugar, and 1 teaspoon salt in a food processor until combined. Add butter and lard, and pulse until mixture resembles coarse meal with some larger pieces remaining, about 10 seconds. Drizzle 1/4 cup water evenly over mixture. Pulse until mixture just begins to come together (dough should not be wet or sticky). If dough is too dry, add more water, 1 tablespoon at a time, and pulse. Shape dough into 2 disks, and wrap in plastic wrap. Refrigerate until firm, about 1 hour.

-Meanwhile, make the filling: Warm honey in a saucepan over low heat. Remove from heat, and stir in butter.

- Whisk together eggs, vanilla, nutmeg, and 1/4 teaspoon salt. Stir into honey mixture. Refrigerate until cooled, up to 1 hour.

-Preheat oven to 350 degrees, with 1 rack in the middle position and 1 rack in the bottom third of oven. Roll out dough to a 13-inch round on a lightly floured surface. Line a 9-inch pie plate with dough. Trim overhang to 1 inch; crimp. Prick bottom all over with fork. Refrigerate for 30 minutes.

- Line crust with parchment, and fill with dried beans or pie

Recipes Bazaar

- Uncover, and bake 10 minutes more. Remove dried beans and parchment. Let cool completely on a wire rack.

- Stir filling, and pour into cooled crust. Bake on bottom rack until center is set and crust is golden, 30 to 35 minutes.

Sweet Potato Pie

Ingredients· 4 medium sweet potatoes

· 3 large eggs, lightly beaten

· 1/3 cup sugar

· 1 teaspoon grated lemon zest

· 3/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon

· 1/2 teaspoon ground allspice

· 1/4 teaspoon freshly grated nutmeg

· 1/4 teaspoon salt

· 1 1/2 cups light cream

· 4 tablespoons (1/2 stick) unsalted butter, melted and cooled

· 1 Pre baked Pie Crust Pre baked Pie Crust

· Whipped Cream, for serving (optional)

Directions

- Preheat oven to 400 degrees. Pierce potatoes several times with the tines of a fork. Roast until tender when pierced with the tip of a knife, about 1 hour. Set aside to cool slightly. When cool enough to handle, peel, discarding skins, and place flesh in a medium bowl. Mash well; set aside to cool.

- In a medium bowl, whisk eggs, sugar, lemon zest, cinnamon, allspice, nutmeg, and salt, until well combined. Whisk in cream.

- Add egg mixture to cooled sweet potatoes, and whisk until thoroughly combined. Whisk in melted butter. Pour into baked crust. Bake until filling is set and the tip of a knife comes out clean when inserted into the center, 45 to 50 minutes. Cool completely before slicing. Serve topped with whipped cream.

Coconut/Banana Cream Pie Recipe

Ingredients

· 3 cups flaked coconut

· 7 tablespoons butter

· 3/4 cup sugar

· 1/4 cup all-purpose flour

· 3 tablespoons cornstarch

· 1/4 teaspoons salt

· 3 cups half-and-half cream

· 4 egg yolks, lightly beaten

· 2 teaspoons vanilla extract

· 2 large firm bananas, sliced

· Whipped cream and sliced bananas, optional

Directions

- In a large skillet, saute coconut in butter until golden. Reserve 2 tablespoons for garnish. Press remaining toasted coconut onto the bottom and up the sides of a greased 9-in. pie plate. Bake at 350° for 7 minutes. Cool on a wire rack.

- For filling, combine the sugar, flour, cornstarch and salt in a large saucepan. Stir in cream until smooth. Cook and stir over medium-high heat until thickened and bubbly. Reduce heat; cook and stir 2 minutes longer. Remove from the heat. Stir a small amount of hot filling into egg yolks; return all to pan, stirring constantly. Bring to a gentle boil; cook and stir 2 minutes longer. Remove from the heat. Gently stir in vanilla. Cool to room temperature without stirring.

- Place bananas in the crust. Cover with cream mixture. Refrigerate until set, about 2 hours. Sprinkle with reserved coconut. If desired, garnish with whipped cream and bananas. Refrigerate leftovers. Yield: 6-8 servings.

35

36

The Virgin Islands is known to be the

melting pot of the Caribbean community.

Although, it's comprised of 4 separate

islands, its citizens always find a way to

come together as one. Since 2010, Carib

Vibes, a group of Virgin Islanders who

made the North Carolina Triangle Area

their new home have held an annual Virgin

Islands Picnic in Raleigh, NC as a way of

uniting with other Virgin Islanders in the

area.

As the event grew, its organizers realized

they could serve a larger purpose and

identified a definite need in the community,

thus giving birth to the VI Meets NC

Organization in the Year 2013. With this

vision etched in the minds of its members,

its purpose became very clear: to showcase

and promote Virgin Islands cultural

awareness, motivate and enhance local

communi t ies in an effor t to bui ld

partnerships and establish networks, and to

encourage unity and togetherness amongst

community members.

In accordance with its vision, VI MEETS NC

h o s t s a n d p a r t i c i p a t e s i n va r i o u s

community activities. Their annual Easter

Egg Hunt, held during the month of April, is

highly advertised through social media,

local schools, radio and other state

community organizations and provides the

opportunity to engage and embrace the

community through service. Children

participate in fun filled activities; including

playing native VI games such as [insert

example], competing in an Easter Egg hunt

and the opportunity to sample native Virgin

Island Cuisine. Another annual event is the

Trunk or Treat held in October. This annual

give-back provides safe activities for

children in lieu of Halloween. Volunteers

decorate their trunks and provide candy to

the children, along with free food,

entertainment and other activities.

The V. I. Culture Fest (formerly the Annual

VI Picnic), currently held in September and

the impetus for the organization, has grown

tremendously over the years from serving

dozens to hundreds of people, and

continues to grow. This event, funded by

sponsorships obtained throughout the year,

showcases cultural awareness, native

cuisines, entertainment (basketball tourney

and live performances) and activities for

both children and adults. It also serves as a

platform for various Caribbean talents.

VI MEETS NC

37

V.I. Culture Fest 2014, featured Chef Digby

Stridiron of St. Croix, CTO Caribbean Chef of

the Year, who showcased his culinary talent by

providing a demonstration of his Salt fish

Mojo. He taught the importance of local and

organic foods to those in a�endance.

Organization President, George Modeste and

Secretary, La-Shell Johnson were also

interviewed at the event, which aired on the

local Virgin Islands News Channel 2;

providing an opportunity for the organization

to share and showcase its work, and gain the

support of the local people back home. Other

Virgin Island talent in a�endance included

Stylee Band known for their hits “Pick It Up”

and “Trampin,” traveled from St. Croix to

show their support. These annual events are

just some of the avenues used to promote the

V.I. Meets NC Organization.

VI Meet NC also participants in other

community events to bring awareness of the

beautiful “Isles of the VI”. Participation in the

R a l e i g h - D u r h a m A f r o - C a r i b b e a n

Association's (RDACA) CaribMask Carnival

offers an opportunity for the organization to

provide a cultural display of V.I. Carnival

through the VI Meets NC “Isles of the VI”

Troupe. Costumes made of vibrant colors and

feathers, bedazzled to represent the colors of

the calming blue Caribbean waters capture the

eyes of thousands of spectators along the

streets as they participated in Carnival;

sharing a part of the cultural euphoria of one's

native land with the rest of the world.

As this organization continues to grow, they

hope to gain the support of the local Virgin

Island community. The support provided will

help to educate and heighten awareness of the

Virgin Islands, both in line with the mission

and purpose of the organization.

For more detailed information

a n d t o k e e p i n f o r m e d o f

upcoming news/events, visit

vimeetsnc.com.

36

The Virgin Islands is known to be the

melting pot of the Caribbean community.

Although, it's comprised of 4 separate

islands, its citizens always find a way to

come together as one. Since 2010, Carib

Vibes, a group of Virgin Islanders who

made the North Carolina Triangle Area

their new home have held an annual Virgin

Islands Picnic in Raleigh, NC as a way of

uniting with other Virgin Islanders in the

area.

As the event grew, its organizers realized

they could serve a larger purpose and

identified a definite need in the community,

thus giving birth to the VI Meets NC

Organization in the Year 2013. With this

vision etched in the minds of its members,

its purpose became very clear: to showcase

and promote Virgin Islands cultural

awareness, motivate and enhance local

communi t ies in an effor t to bui ld

partnerships and establish networks, and to

encourage unity and togetherness amongst

community members.

In accordance with its vision, VI MEETS NC

h o s t s a n d p a r t i c i p a t e s i n va r i o u s

community activities. Their annual Easter

Egg Hunt, held during the month of April, is

highly advertised through social media,

local schools, radio and other state

community organizations and provides the

opportunity to engage and embrace the

community through service. Children

participate in fun filled activities; including

playing native VI games such as [insert

example], competing in an Easter Egg hunt

and the opportunity to sample native Virgin

Island Cuisine. Another annual event is the

Trunk or Treat held in October. This annual

give-back provides safe activities for

children in lieu of Halloween. Volunteers

decorate their trunks and provide candy to

the children, along with free food,

entertainment and other activities.

The V. I. Culture Fest (formerly the Annual

VI Picnic), currently held in September and

the impetus for the organization, has grown

tremendously over the years from serving

dozens to hundreds of people, and

continues to grow. This event, funded by

sponsorships obtained throughout the year,

showcases cultural awareness, native

cuisines, entertainment (basketball tourney

and live performances) and activities for

both children and adults. It also serves as a

platform for various Caribbean talents.

VI MEETS NC

37

V.I. Culture Fest 2014, featured Chef Digby

Stridiron of St. Croix, CTO Caribbean Chef of

the Year, who showcased his culinary talent by

providing a demonstration of his Salt fish

Mojo. He taught the importance of local and

organic foods to those in a�endance.

Organization President, George Modeste and

Secretary, La-Shell Johnson were also

interviewed at the event, which aired on the

local Virgin Islands News Channel 2;

providing an opportunity for the organization

to share and showcase its work, and gain the

support of the local people back home. Other

Virgin Island talent in a�endance included

Stylee Band known for their hits “Pick It Up”

and “Trampin,” traveled from St. Croix to

show their support. These annual events are

just some of the avenues used to promote the

V.I. Meets NC Organization.

VI Meet NC also participants in other

community events to bring awareness of the

beautiful “Isles of the VI”. Participation in the

R a l e i g h - D u r h a m A f r o - C a r i b b e a n

Association's (RDACA) CaribMask Carnival

offers an opportunity for the organization to

provide a cultural display of V.I. Carnival

through the VI Meets NC “Isles of the VI”

Troupe. Costumes made of vibrant colors and

feathers, bedazzled to represent the colors of

the calming blue Caribbean waters capture the

eyes of thousands of spectators along the

streets as they participated in Carnival;

sharing a part of the cultural euphoria of one's

native land with the rest of the world.

As this organization continues to grow, they

hope to gain the support of the local Virgin

Island community. The support provided will

help to educate and heighten awareness of the

Virgin Islands, both in line with the mission

and purpose of the organization.

For more detailed information

a n d t o k e e p i n f o r m e d o f

upcoming news/events, visit

vimeetsnc.com.

38 ST CROIX USVI

George Modeste was born on the beau�ful island of St. Croix in 1982 and became a graduate of Central High School in 2001. A�er gradua�ng high school, George decided to move to Raleigh, NC where his passion for music and Virgin Island community began to flourish. He became very involved in establishing a stronger connec�on between the Virgin Islanders that also decided to make Raleigh their home. His mo�va�on and drive would lead him to become one of the founders of the V.I. MEETS NC Organiza�on in Raleigh, North Carolina and also its first President. As part of his quest for unifying the Caribbean community, he wears many hats: Treasurer for the Raleigh-Durham Afro-Car ibbean Assoc ia�on 's (RDACA) , and Entertainment Coordinator of Raleigh, NC Caribmask Carnival. He is also one of the top rated DJ's in the triangle area striving to unite the people of the V.I.

Dweyne Krauser is a 1997 graduate of St. Croix's Central High School. In 1998, he moved to Raleigh, NC to a�end St. Augus�ne's College, where he became a member of Kappa Alpha Psi in the Spring of 2002. Dweyne has always been in the forefront of the cause, to engage and involve Virgin Islanders in the North Carolina Triangle Area. His passion for making connec�ons and networking has led him to become one of the founders of the V.I. MEETS NC Organiza�on in Raleigh, North Carolina and its first Vice-President. He strives to ensure that the people of St. Croix stay informed of V.I. Meets NC's events, and provides opportuni�es for sponsorships. Currently, he works for the City of Raleigh's Fire Department, and par�cipates in various local community events with a goal of crea�ng connec�ons amongst other Virgin Islanders.

George Modeste

PRESIDENT OF VI MEETS NC

Dweyne Krauser

VICE PRESIDENT OF VI MEETS NC

38 ST CROIX USVI

George Modeste was born on the beau�ful island of St. Croix in 1982 and became a graduate of Central High School in 2001. A�er gradua�ng high school, George decided to move to Raleigh, NC where his passion for music and Virgin Island community began to flourish. He became very involved in establishing a stronger connec�on between the Virgin Islanders that also decided to make Raleigh their home. His mo�va�on and drive would lead him to become one of the founders of the V.I. MEETS NC Organiza�on in Raleigh, North Carolina and also its first President. As part of his quest for unifying the Caribbean community, he wears many hats: Treasurer for the Raleigh-Durham Afro-Car ibbean Assoc ia�on 's (RDACA) , and Entertainment Coordinator of Raleigh, NC Caribmask Carnival. He is also one of the top rated DJ's in the triangle area striving to unite the people of the V.I.

Dweyne Krauser is a 1997 graduate of St. Croix's Central High School. In 1998, he moved to Raleigh, NC to a�end St. Augus�ne's College, where he became a member of Kappa Alpha Psi in the Spring of 2002. Dweyne has always been in the forefront of the cause, to engage and involve Virgin Islanders in the North Carolina Triangle Area. His passion for making connec�ons and networking has led him to become one of the founders of the V.I. MEETS NC Organiza�on in Raleigh, North Carolina and its first Vice-President. He strives to ensure that the people of St. Croix stay informed of V.I. Meets NC's events, and provides opportuni�es for sponsorships. Currently, he works for the City of Raleigh's Fire Department, and par�cipates in various local community events with a goal of crea�ng connec�ons amongst other Virgin Islanders.

George Modeste

PRESIDENT OF VI MEETS NC

Dweyne Krauser

VICE PRESIDENT OF VI MEETS NC

Kenneth E. Mapp inaugurated as the 8th Governor of

the United States Virgin Islands on January 5, 2015.

As a former Lieutenant Governor of the United States

Virgin Islands, Ken served as Commissioner of

Insurance, Chairman of the Banking Board and

Administrator of the Foreign Sales Corpora�on and

financial service sectors.

He formulated policy and supervised the management

of the Divisions of Corpora�ons and Trademarks,

Banking and Insurance, the Office of the Recorder of

Deeds and the Office of the Tax Assessor. With a

management team, unionized employees and an

annual budget of $5.5M, we clarified the agency's

mission by developing a strategic plan to reorganize

and implement new processes.

He focused and invested in employee performance

and accountability. He implemented informa�on

technology (IT) systems to increase produc�vity and

improve the delivery of public service. At the

comple�on of his term, the Office of the Lt. Governor

had strengthened and expanded the insurance,

banking and financial service sectors, improved our

regulatory and inves�ga�ve capabili�es and increased

the knowledge of banking and insurance consumers. In

addi�on, under Ken's leadership new and restored our

historic office facili�es were constructed. Without

increasing taxes or fees; revenues collected by the Lt.

Governor's office over a four year period had grown

60% higher, $53M to $85M. Similar ini�a�ves were

implemented under his leadership at the Consumer

Services Administra�on and concomitant posi�ve

results were acknowledged.

As Lt. Governor and Senator, Ken Mapp tes�fied before

various commi�ees of both Houses of the United

States Congress and the Federal Trade Commission. He

has par�cipated in mee�ngs and collaborated with

officials of the US Trade Representa�ve's office, US

Departments of Commerce and Interior, The White

House, the Office of the Vice-President and other

federal agencies. I've worked with investors, built

professional rela�onships and created economic

investment opportuni�es for my community.

As an execu�ve in the private sector, Ken led a team

that successfully restructured, reorganized and rebuilt

a major retail opera�on that suffered extensive

hurricane damage. The company's proper�es and

records were destroyed and its inventory looted; key

personnel le� and an impasse with its insurers created

uncertainty in the se�lement of its claims. At the end

of his tenure, the insurance claims were resolved and

se�led without li�ga�on. Ken launched an ambi�ous

capital program and recruited key staff. He

implemented informa�on technology (IT), employee

and management training programs and offered a new

and expanded inventory l ine. Our greatest

achievement was re-building our rela�onships with

our customers, suppliers and lenders, thus allowing us

to restore our leading compe��ve posi�on in the

market.

As Director of the Public Finance Authority (PFA), Ken's

primary func�on was raising capital for the

Government of the Virgin Islands through the issuance

of bonds and managing the investment of the funds.

When he joined the Authority, he found that the debt

service reserves and project funds were managed

poorly. The funds lay dormant in depository accounts

earning less than 100 basis points (BPS) annually.

Ken assembled a team with the Authority's financial

advisors, bond counsel and bond trustee and

presented an investment plan to the Board of

Directors. Our objec�ves were to increase earnings,

recover arbitrage losses and limit risk exposure of the

funds. The Board authorized $450 million for

investment pursuant to the plan.

GOVERNOR KENNETH E. MAPP In a series of direct investment contracts; swap

transac�ons and State and Local Government Series

Securi�es (SLGS), the PFA achieved maximum yield on

the debt service reserve funds, (averaging 550 BPS)

and recovered over $90 million of arbitrage losses. We

also invested capital project funds in maximum yield

liquid security instruments and earned addi�onal

capital project dollars. In 2004, the Board authorized a

second $155 million investment plan and similar

outcomes were achieved. As a result of our work at the

PFA, VI government backed bonds received its first

investment grade ra�ngs.

Ken also served on the Governor's financial and budget

team. The team reviewed budget request of each

department and agency and made recommenda�ons

to the Governor. He par�cipated in budget hearings

and prepared a variety of detailed analysis and reports.

The financial team worked closely with department

heads and legislators to develop and gain legisla�ve

approval of the territorial budgets. We con�nually

reviewed revenues and expenditures, made

adjustments and managed budget alloca�ons

accordingly.

A�er a two-year educa�on sabba�cal, Ken Mapp

received a Masters Degree in Public Administra�on

from the John F. Kennedy School of Government at

Harvard University. He also completed the pres�gious

Advanced Management Program (AMP-159) at

Harvard Business School.

ST. THOMAS USVI40

Kenneth E. Mapp inaugurated as the 8th Governor of

the United States Virgin Islands on January 5, 2015.

As a former Lieutenant Governor of the United States

Virgin Islands, Ken served as Commissioner of

Insurance, Chairman of the Banking Board and

Administrator of the Foreign Sales Corpora�on and

financial service sectors.

He formulated policy and supervised the management

of the Divisions of Corpora�ons and Trademarks,

Banking and Insurance, the Office of the Recorder of

Deeds and the Office of the Tax Assessor. With a

management team, unionized employees and an

annual budget of $5.5M, we clarified the agency's

mission by developing a strategic plan to reorganize

and implement new processes.

He focused and invested in employee performance

and accountability. He implemented informa�on

technology (IT) systems to increase produc�vity and

improve the delivery of public service. At the

comple�on of his term, the Office of the Lt. Governor

had strengthened and expanded the insurance,

banking and financial service sectors, improved our

regulatory and inves�ga�ve capabili�es and increased

the knowledge of banking and insurance consumers. In

addi�on, under Ken's leadership new and restored our

historic office facili�es were constructed. Without

increasing taxes or fees; revenues collected by the Lt.

Governor's office over a four year period had grown

60% higher, $53M to $85M. Similar ini�a�ves were

implemented under his leadership at the Consumer

Services Administra�on and concomitant posi�ve

results were acknowledged.

As Lt. Governor and Senator, Ken Mapp tes�fied before

various commi�ees of both Houses of the United

States Congress and the Federal Trade Commission. He

has par�cipated in mee�ngs and collaborated with

officials of the US Trade Representa�ve's office, US

Departments of Commerce and Interior, The White

House, the Office of the Vice-President and other

federal agencies. I've worked with investors, built

professional rela�onships and created economic

investment opportuni�es for my community.

As an execu�ve in the private sector, Ken led a team

that successfully restructured, reorganized and rebuilt

a major retail opera�on that suffered extensive

hurricane damage. The company's proper�es and

records were destroyed and its inventory looted; key

personnel le� and an impasse with its insurers created

uncertainty in the se�lement of its claims. At the end

of his tenure, the insurance claims were resolved and

se�led without li�ga�on. Ken launched an ambi�ous

capital program and recruited key staff. He

implemented informa�on technology (IT), employee

and management training programs and offered a new

and expanded inventory l ine. Our greatest

achievement was re-building our rela�onships with

our customers, suppliers and lenders, thus allowing us

to restore our leading compe��ve posi�on in the

market.

As Director of the Public Finance Authority (PFA), Ken's

primary func�on was raising capital for the

Government of the Virgin Islands through the issuance

of bonds and managing the investment of the funds.

When he joined the Authority, he found that the debt

service reserves and project funds were managed

poorly. The funds lay dormant in depository accounts

earning less than 100 basis points (BPS) annually.

Ken assembled a team with the Authority's financial

advisors, bond counsel and bond trustee and

presented an investment plan to the Board of

Directors. Our objec�ves were to increase earnings,

recover arbitrage losses and limit risk exposure of the

funds. The Board authorized $450 million for

investment pursuant to the plan.

GOVERNOR KENNETH E. MAPP In a series of direct investment contracts; swap

transac�ons and State and Local Government Series

Securi�es (SLGS), the PFA achieved maximum yield on

the debt service reserve funds, (averaging 550 BPS)

and recovered over $90 million of arbitrage losses. We

also invested capital project funds in maximum yield

liquid security instruments and earned addi�onal

capital project dollars. In 2004, the Board authorized a

second $155 million investment plan and similar

outcomes were achieved. As a result of our work at the

PFA, VI government backed bonds received its first

investment grade ra�ngs.

Ken also served on the Governor's financial and budget

team. The team reviewed budget request of each

department and agency and made recommenda�ons

to the Governor. He par�cipated in budget hearings

and prepared a variety of detailed analysis and reports.

The financial team worked closely with department

heads and legislators to develop and gain legisla�ve

approval of the territorial budgets. We con�nually

reviewed revenues and expenditures, made

adjustments and managed budget alloca�ons

accordingly.

A�er a two-year educa�on sabba�cal, Ken Mapp

received a Masters Degree in Public Administra�on

from the John F. Kennedy School of Government at

Harvard University. He also completed the pres�gious

Advanced Management Program (AMP-159) at

Harvard Business School.

ST. THOMAS USVI40

ife Simple PleasuresL By: Ranesha Pope

We look to meet others who will “make” us happy and we work very hard to achieve what we think will bring us happiness. But we seem to be on a lifelong quest to find something that is elusive and undefined. We say, “If

only it were this way, I would be happy” or, “If only I had that, I would be content.” In the meantime, we overlook all the little opportunities for happiness that come to us each day.

Life's pleasures often lie in the simplest things. With simplicity, you derive humility, wisdom, and happiness. Now, who wouldn't want to be happy? Your search for happiness is over. The path to eternal happiness lies in simplicity. So take your time to soak in the warmth of the sun. Smell the flowers. Let your sorrows melt away with these simple pleasures. Silence the monsters of worry with the soothing power of simplicity.

Taking only a minute to enjoy something simple could be the difference between a so-so day, and an extraordinary one. In our crazy-busy and over stimulating world it's easy to overlook the small things we do on a regular basis that could fill the day with joy.

They say the best things in life are free. Beyond a shadow of a doubt, this statement is true. Life is filled with simple pleasures, the little satisfying effects you never really anticipate, but always take great pleasure in. They are the gifts of life that we each subconsciously celebrate in our own unique way.

Simple Pleasures is about recognizing the little gems of happiness that come to us each day and finding happiness in the moment. Let us share the small, but real, joys that we discover and see how our happiness grows!

It is n’t the great big pleasures that count the most; it’s making a great deal out of the little ones.

43

ife Simple PleasuresL By: Ranesha Pope

We look to meet others who will “make” us happy and we work very hard to achieve what we think will bring us happiness. But we seem to be on a lifelong quest to find something that is elusive and undefined. We say, “If

only it were this way, I would be happy” or, “If only I had that, I would be content.” In the meantime, we overlook all the little opportunities for happiness that come to us each day.

Life's pleasures often lie in the simplest things. With simplicity, you derive humility, wisdom, and happiness. Now, who wouldn't want to be happy? Your search for happiness is over. The path to eternal happiness lies in simplicity. So take your time to soak in the warmth of the sun. Smell the flowers. Let your sorrows melt away with these simple pleasures. Silence the monsters of worry with the soothing power of simplicity.

Taking only a minute to enjoy something simple could be the difference between a so-so day, and an extraordinary one. In our crazy-busy and over stimulating world it's easy to overlook the small things we do on a regular basis that could fill the day with joy.

They say the best things in life are free. Beyond a shadow of a doubt, this statement is true. Life is filled with simple pleasures, the little satisfying effects you never really anticipate, but always take great pleasure in. They are the gifts of life that we each subconsciously celebrate in our own unique way.

Simple Pleasures is about recognizing the little gems of happiness that come to us each day and finding happiness in the moment. Let us share the small, but real, joys that we discover and see how our happiness grows!

It is n’t the great big pleasures that count the most; it’s making a great deal out of the little ones.

43

Some people may be able to control their type 2 diabetes symptoms by losing weight, following a healthy diet, doing plenty of exercise, and monitoring their blood glucose levels. However, type 2 diabetes is typically a progressive disease - it gradually gets worse - and the patient will probably end up have to take insulin, usually in tablet form.

Overweight and obese people have a much higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to those with a healthy body weight. People with a lot of visceral fat, also known as central obesity, belly fat, or abdominal obesity, are especially at risk. Being overweight/obese causes the body to release chemicals that can destabilize the body's cardiovascular and metabolic systems.

Being overweight, physically inactive and eating the wrong foods all contribute to our risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Drinking just one can of (non-diet) soda per day can raise our risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 22%, researchers from Imperial College London reported in the journal Diabetologia. The scientists believe that the impact of sugary soft drinks on diabetes risk may be a direct one, rather than simply an influence on body weight.

The risk of developing type 2 diabetes is also greater as we get older. Experts are not completely sure why, but say that as we age we tend to put on weight and become less physically active. Those with a close relative who had/had type 2 diabetes, people of Middle Eastern, African, or South Asian descent also have a higher risk of developing the disease. Men whose testosterone levels are low have been found to have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

3) Gestational Diabetes

This type affects females during pregnancy. Some women have very high levels of glucose

in their blood, and their bodies are unable to produce enough insulin to transport all of the glucose into their cells, resulting in progressively rising levels of glucose.

Diagnosis of gestational diabetes is made during pregnancy. The majority of gestational diabetes patients can control their diabetes with exercise and diet.

Between 10% to 20% of them will need to take some kind of blood-glucose-controlling medications. Undiagnosed or uncontrolled gestational diabetes can raise the risk of complications during childbirth. The baby may be bigger than he/she should be.

Diabetes Is A Metabolism Disorder

Diabetes (diabetes mellitus) is classed as a metabolism disorder. Metabolism refers to the way our bodies use digested food for energy and growth. Most of what we eat is broken down into glucose. Glucose is a form of sugar in the blood - it is the principal source of fuel for our bodies.

When our food is digested, the glucose makes its way into our bloodstream. Our cells use the glucose for energy and growth. However, glucose cannot enter our cells without insulin being present - insulin makes it possible for our cells to take in the glucose.

Insulin is a hormone that is produced by the pancreas. After eating, the pancreas automatically releases an adequate quantity

44

In our last segment we highlighted “ High blood

pressure and ways and means to handle this

silent killer. Hopefully for many of you, you have

taken the time out to think about the ways and

means to prevent this disease from affecting

you and to also share that valuable information

with friends and family..

This time we are going to have a little discussion on anther preventable disease called diabetes and also touch base on other related topics such as exercise tips, injury prevention and creating the body you've always wanted. So welcome and let's dive right in...1....2....3..... goooo!!!!

DIABETES Diabetes, often referred to by doctors as diabetes mellitus, describes a group of metabolic diseases in which the person has high blood glucose (blood sugar), either because insulin production is inadequate, or because the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both. Patients with high

blood sugar will typically experience polyuria (frequent urination), they will become increasingly thirsty (polydipsia) and hungry (polyphagia).

1) Type 1 Diabetes

The body does not produce insulin. Some people may refer to this type as insulin-dependent diabetes, juvenile diabetes, or early-onset diabetes. People usually develop type 1 diabetes before their 40th year, often in early adulthood or teenage years.

Type 1 diabetes is nowhere near as common as type 2 diabetes. Approximately 10% of all diabetes cases are type 1.

Patients with type 1 diabetes will need to take insulin injections for the rest of their life. They must also ensure proper blood-glucose levels by carrying out regular blood tests and following a special diet.

2) Type 2 Diabetes

The body does not produce enough insulin for proper function, or the cells in the body do not react to insulin (insulin resistance). Approximately 90% of all cases of diabetes worldwide are of this type.

Diabetes patient measuring glucose level in blood Measuring the glucose level in blood.

45

Some people may be able to control their type 2 diabetes symptoms by losing weight, following a healthy diet, doing plenty of exercise, and monitoring their blood glucose levels. However, type 2 diabetes is typically a progressive disease - it gradually gets worse - and the patient will probably end up have to take insulin, usually in tablet form.

Overweight and obese people have a much higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to those with a healthy body weight. People with a lot of visceral fat, also known as central obesity, belly fat, or abdominal obesity, are especially at risk. Being overweight/obese causes the body to release chemicals that can destabilize the body's cardiovascular and metabolic systems.

Being overweight, physically inactive and eating the wrong foods all contribute to our risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Drinking just one can of (non-diet) soda per day can raise our risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 22%, researchers from Imperial College London reported in the journal Diabetologia. The scientists believe that the impact of sugary soft drinks on diabetes risk may be a direct one, rather than simply an influence on body weight.

The risk of developing type 2 diabetes is also greater as we get older. Experts are not completely sure why, but say that as we age we tend to put on weight and become less physically active. Those with a close relative who had/had type 2 diabetes, people of Middle Eastern, African, or South Asian descent also have a higher risk of developing the disease. Men whose testosterone levels are low have been found to have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

3) Gestational Diabetes

This type affects females during pregnancy. Some women have very high levels of glucose

in their blood, and their bodies are unable to produce enough insulin to transport all of the glucose into their cells, resulting in progressively rising levels of glucose.

Diagnosis of gestational diabetes is made during pregnancy. The majority of gestational diabetes patients can control their diabetes with exercise and diet.

Between 10% to 20% of them will need to take some kind of blood-glucose-controlling medications. Undiagnosed or uncontrolled gestational diabetes can raise the risk of complications during childbirth. The baby may be bigger than he/she should be.

Diabetes Is A Metabolism Disorder

Diabetes (diabetes mellitus) is classed as a metabolism disorder. Metabolism refers to the way our bodies use digested food for energy and growth. Most of what we eat is broken down into glucose. Glucose is a form of sugar in the blood - it is the principal source of fuel for our bodies.

When our food is digested, the glucose makes its way into our bloodstream. Our cells use the glucose for energy and growth. However, glucose cannot enter our cells without insulin being present - insulin makes it possible for our cells to take in the glucose.

Insulin is a hormone that is produced by the pancreas. After eating, the pancreas automatically releases an adequate quantity

44

In our last segment we highlighted “ High blood

pressure and ways and means to handle this

silent killer. Hopefully for many of you, you have

taken the time out to think about the ways and

means to prevent this disease from affecting

you and to also share that valuable information

with friends and family..

This time we are going to have a little discussion on anther preventable disease called diabetes and also touch base on other related topics such as exercise tips, injury prevention and creating the body you've always wanted. So welcome and let's dive right in...1....2....3..... goooo!!!!

DIABETES Diabetes, often referred to by doctors as diabetes mellitus, describes a group of metabolic diseases in which the person has high blood glucose (blood sugar), either because insulin production is inadequate, or because the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both. Patients with high

blood sugar will typically experience polyuria (frequent urination), they will become increasingly thirsty (polydipsia) and hungry (polyphagia).

1) Type 1 Diabetes

The body does not produce insulin. Some people may refer to this type as insulin-dependent diabetes, juvenile diabetes, or early-onset diabetes. People usually develop type 1 diabetes before their 40th year, often in early adulthood or teenage years.

Type 1 diabetes is nowhere near as common as type 2 diabetes. Approximately 10% of all diabetes cases are type 1.

Patients with type 1 diabetes will need to take insulin injections for the rest of their life. They must also ensure proper blood-glucose levels by carrying out regular blood tests and following a special diet.

2) Type 2 Diabetes

The body does not produce enough insulin for proper function, or the cells in the body do not react to insulin (insulin resistance). Approximately 90% of all cases of diabetes worldwide are of this type.

Diabetes patient measuring glucose level in blood Measuring the glucose level in blood.

45

of insulin to move the glucose present in our blood into the cells, as soon as glucose enters the cells blood-glucose levels drop.

A person with diabetes has a condition in which the quantity of glucose in the blood is too elevated (hyperglycemia). This is because the body either does not produce enough insulin, produces no insulin, or has cells that do not respond properly to the insulin the pancreas produces. This results in too much glucose building up in the blood. This excess blood glucose eventually passes out of the body in urine. So, even though the blood has plenty of glucose, the cells are not getting it for thei r essent ia l energy and growth requirements.

TREATMENT

All types of diabetes are treatable. Diabetes type 1 lasts a lifetime, there is no known cure. Type 2 usually lasts a lifetime, however, some people have managed to get rid of their symptoms without medication, through a combination of exercise, diet and body weight control.

Patients with type 1 are treated with regular insulin injections, as well as a special diet and exercise.

Patients with Type 2 diabetes are usually

treated with tablets, exercise and a special diet, but sometimes insulin injections are also required.

If diabetes is not adequately controlled the patient has a significantly higher risk of developing complications...In conclusion I must say the best defence we have against diabetes is prevention: A good diet and regular daily exercise is what we all need.. So get up, put on you track pants and t-shirts and lets all hit the gym...

Exercise tips:

1. Be sure to warm up before any

exercise. This increases blood flow to

the targeted muscle and also

increases muscle elasticity and helps

to prevent injury.

2. Be sure to give the muscles adequate

rest for growth and development. Your

muscles grow during your rest period

between workouts ( that is on the

days you do not workout you achieve

more growth and development)

3. Do not lift too heavy too soon. The

muscles need time to adapt to the

change.

4. Be sure to stretch before and after

exercise

5. Consistency is the key. Set your

training schedule and try your best to

stick to it..

46

of insulin to move the glucose present in our blood into the cells, as soon as glucose enters the cells blood-glucose levels drop.

A person with diabetes has a condition in which the quantity of glucose in the blood is too elevated (hyperglycemia). This is because the body either does not produce enough insulin, produces no insulin, or has cells that do not respond properly to the insulin the pancreas produces. This results in too much glucose building up in the blood. This excess blood glucose eventually passes out of the body in urine. So, even though the blood has plenty of glucose, the cells are not getting it for thei r essent ia l energy and growth requirements.

TREATMENT

All types of diabetes are treatable. Diabetes type 1 lasts a lifetime, there is no known cure. Type 2 usually lasts a lifetime, however, some people have managed to get rid of their symptoms without medication, through a combination of exercise, diet and body weight control.

Patients with type 1 are treated with regular insulin injections, as well as a special diet and exercise.

Patients with Type 2 diabetes are usually

treated with tablets, exercise and a special diet, but sometimes insulin injections are also required.

If diabetes is not adequately controlled the patient has a significantly higher risk of developing complications...In conclusion I must say the best defence we have against diabetes is prevention: A good diet and regular daily exercise is what we all need.. So get up, put on you track pants and t-shirts and lets all hit the gym...

Exercise tips:

1. Be sure to warm up before any

exercise. This increases blood flow to

the targeted muscle and also

increases muscle elasticity and helps

to prevent injury.

2. Be sure to give the muscles adequate

rest for growth and development. Your

muscles grow during your rest period

between workouts ( that is on the

days you do not workout you achieve

more growth and development)

3. Do not lift too heavy too soon. The

muscles need time to adapt to the

change.

4. Be sure to stretch before and after

exercise

5. Consistency is the key. Set your

training schedule and try your best to

stick to it..

46