How do I Monitor and How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?Capacity of an AEM?

Mr. M. GonzalezMr. M. Gonzalez

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?Capacity of an AEM?

Do Now: PortfoliosDo Now: Portfolios

► Work on your research portfolios.Work on your research portfolios.► Get your AEMs.Get your AEMs.

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Closer Look at Portfolio GradingCloser Look at Portfolio Grading

Review: Portfolio SectionsReview: Portfolio Sections1.1. Course Forms Course Forms – (Syllabi, lab map, – (Syllabi, lab map, etc.etc.))

2.2. Time Management Time Management – (Chronograms)– (Chronograms)

3.3. STEPS STEPS – (Project STEPS and SUNY Check Points)– (Project STEPS and SUNY Check Points)

4.4. DataData – (Data you collect for projects on data tables) – (Data you collect for projects on data tables)

5.5. Research Project Research Project –– (Report Guide + Research Paper drafts, lab (Report Guide + Research Paper drafts, lab reports)reports)

6.6. PCR PCR – (Project Conference Reports)– (Project Conference Reports)

7.7. PRJAs PRJAs – (Peer Reviewed Journal Articles)– (Peer Reviewed Journal Articles)

8.8. Protocols or Procedures Protocols or Procedures – (Procedures and Materials)– (Procedures and Materials)

9.9. Worksheets Worksheets – (Lab/field or research worksheets)– (Lab/field or research worksheets)

10.10. CareerCareer – (Personal Statements, Cover Letter, CV) – (Personal Statements, Cover Letter, CV)

11.11. LettersLetters – (Recommendation and Commendation) – (Recommendation and Commendation)

12.12. CertificatesCertificates

13.13. Other???Other???How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering

Capacity of an AEM?

ObjectivesObjectives

►I can review what the buffering capacity (BC) of I can review what the buffering capacity (BC) of a solution is.a solution is.

►I can adjust the BC of my AEM.I can adjust the BC of my AEM.►I can monitor the BC of my AEM.I can monitor the BC of my AEM.

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

►As you learned before, As you learned before, pH is important because it pH is important because it can change the speed of can change the speed of chemical reactionschemical reactions..

►If an ecosystem does not If an ecosystem does not have the right pH, what have the right pH, what will happen?will happen?

Review: pHReview: pH

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

What is Buffering Capacity?What is Buffering Capacity?

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Review: Buffering CapacityReview: Buffering Capacity

►The The Buffering CapacityBuffering Capacity of a solution is the of a solution is the ability that solution has to resist changes in it’s ability that solution has to resist changes in it’s pH.pH.

►In other words, if you add a base or acid to the In other words, if you add a base or acid to the solution the pH will change more slowly or not solution the pH will change more slowly or not at all until a certain limit is hit.at all until a certain limit is hit.

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Buffering Capacity and pHBuffering Capacity and pH

►Is buffering capacity good or bad for an Is buffering capacity good or bad for an ecosystem?ecosystem?

►Why?Why?

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

pH FactspH FactsItemItem pHpH

Human BloodHuman Blood 7.417.41

Ocean WaterOcean Water 8.28.2

Acid RainAcid Rain < 5.6< 5.6

MilkMilk ~ 6.4~ 6.4

BeerBeer 4-54-5

VinegarVinegar ~ 3~ 3

Human StomachHuman Stomach 1.5 - 31.5 - 3

NitrificationNitrification 77

HydroponicsHydroponics 5.8 – 6.25.8 – 6.2

Ultra-filtered/Distilled waterUltra-filtered/Distilled water ~ 4.5~ 4.5

Comparing Buffering CapacityComparing Buffering Capacity

► Where did you find a better buffering capacity Where did you find a better buffering capacity Filtered water, HRE, or AEM?Filtered water, HRE, or AEM?

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Comparing Buffering CapacityComparing Buffering Capacity

► Where did you find a better buffering capacity Where did you find a better buffering capacity Filtered water, HRE, or AEM?Filtered water, HRE, or AEM?

Filtered water HRE AEM

Poor Good Currently insufficient

► Why do you think HRE had a better Buffering Why do you think HRE had a better Buffering Capacity?Capacity?

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

What Exactly is Buffering Capacity?What Exactly is Buffering Capacity?

► Calcium Carbonate Calcium Carbonate (CaCO(CaCO33) elevates ) elevates the the buffering buffering capacity capacity of an of an ecosystem.ecosystem.

http://images.travelpod.com/tripwow/photos/ta-00ef-fc7e-3954/limestone-mountain-range-cluj-napoca-romania+1152_12984563398-tpfil02aw-22208.jpg

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

What Exactly is Buffering Capacity?What Exactly is Buffering Capacity?

► CaCOCaCO33 can be can be found on found on mountains as mountains as limestonelimestone..

http://images.travelpod.com/tripwow/photos/ta-00ef-fc7e-3954/limestone-mountain-range-cluj-napoca-romania+1152_12984563398-tpfil02aw-22208.jpg

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Where does Where does CaCOCaCO3 3 come from?come from?

► CaCOCaCO33 comes comes from ancient corals from ancient corals and other reef and other reef building organisms building organisms ((i.e.i.e. oysters) that oysters) that lived in the bottom lived in the bottom of the sea a long of the sea a long time ago.time ago. http://www.en.mahidol.ac.th/control/envi_e/CoralReef_1.jpg

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

What Exactly Affects Buffering What Exactly Affects Buffering Capacity?Capacity?

► After hundreds of After hundreds of millions of years, a millions of years, a lot of CaCOlot of CaCO3 3 has has accumulated on accumulated on the ocean bottom.the ocean bottom.

http://img.geocaching.com/cache/5dfe9e8c-62b3-4f85-a7b6-9c6ab70f04fb.jpg

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Sea Bottom Becomes a MountainSea Bottom Becomes a Mountain

► Some sea bottoms were pushed up due to plate Some sea bottoms were pushed up due to plate tectonics to form mountains (tectonics to form mountains (OrogenesisOrogenesis).).

http://ncealevel2sci.wikispaces.com/file/view/tuhua_orogeny.png/82273427/tuhua_orogeny.png

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

What Exactly Affects Buffering Capacity?What Exactly Affects Buffering Capacity?

► Because of Because of erosion erosion CaCOCaCO3 3 drains drains down from those down from those mountains that mountains that have have limestonelimestone..

http://img.geocaching.com/cache/5dfe9e8c-62b3-4f85-a7b6-9c6ab70f04fb.jpg

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Where will you get lime stone from?Where will you get lime stone from?

► Coral rock has CaCOCoral rock has CaCO33

► Baking soda Baking soda has has Sodium Bicarbonate:Sodium Bicarbonate:

NaHCONaHCO33

http://www.naturesrock.com/images/coralbaserock2.jpg

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Where will you get lime stone from?Where will you get lime stone from?

► NaHCONaHCO33 will also will also elevate the:elevate the:

Buffering CapacityBuffering Capacity..

http://www.naturesrock.com/images/coralbaserock2.jpg

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

ActivityActivity

►You will write down the following procedures You will write down the following procedures on to flow charts for tomorrow’s lab.on to flow charts for tomorrow’s lab.

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Title: Adjusting Buffering CapacityTitle: Adjusting Buffering Capacity

► First, check the pH of your AEM First, check the pH of your AEM with the Hanna Combo sensor.with the Hanna Combo sensor.

► Check the Buffering Capacity with Check the Buffering Capacity with the test strips.the test strips.

► Add ¼ tsp of baking soda to your Add ¼ tsp of baking soda to your AEM + a piece of coral rockAEM + a piece of coral rock

► Mix with skewer, and Mix with skewer, and ► Check pHCheck pH

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Title: Adjusting Buffering CapacityTitle: Adjusting Buffering Capacity

► If your pH is below 7, add more baking soda If your pH is below 7, add more baking soda until it is 7until it is 7

► If your pH is below 7, add an acid solution If your pH is below 7, add an acid solution until it comes down to 7.until it comes down to 7.

► Once you’ve finished adjusting the pH check Once you’ve finished adjusting the pH check Buffering Capacity again with test strips and Buffering Capacity again with test strips and this time put your data into your data tables!this time put your data into your data tables!

► Clean upClean up

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Clean UpClean Up

► Recap the probe FIRMLY by lining up the lettering on the cap Recap the probe FIRMLY by lining up the lettering on the cap and the face of the meter. and the face of the meter.

► Wait for clean-up instructions.Wait for clean-up instructions.► Clean up your area, dump your rinse water out, dispose of Clean up your area, dump your rinse water out, dispose of

gloves, and return materials.gloves, and return materials.► Begin work on your bar graph and analysis questions. Begin work on your bar graph and analysis questions.

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

HWHW

►Work on organizing your research portfolios.Work on organizing your research portfolios.

How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?