How is Nuclear How is Nuclear Fuel changing Fuel changing

our lives?our lives?Name: Name: Taqwa A.Taqwa A.

Grade:Grade: 9 9thth Grade Grade

Teacher: Teacher: Br. NassryBr. Nassry

What do What do we usewe use energy for?energy for?

We use energy in our everyday lives for heating, We use energy in our everyday lives for heating, light, and cooking facilities in our homes. light, and cooking facilities in our homes.

Now energy is available at a flick of a switch or a Now energy is available at a flick of a switch or a turn of a key.turn of a key.

So…whereSo…where does does thisthis energy energy comecome from? from?

Uranium is the Uranium is the material used to material used to create nuclear create nuclear energy. energy.

For it to be converted For it to be converted into nuclear energy, into nuclear energy, it must go through it must go through nuclear fission. nuclear fission.

It produces a rapid It produces a rapid chain-reaction that chain-reaction that splits through the splits through the material. material.

Posi+ive Effects Posi+ive Effects ofof Nuclear EnergyNuclear Energy

There are 3 types of nuclear energy: Nuclear Fission, Nuclear There are 3 types of nuclear energy: Nuclear Fission, Nuclear Fusion, and Radioactive decay.Fusion, and Radioactive decay.

Nuclear fission can be weaponized to create horrific weapons. It Nuclear fission can be weaponized to create horrific weapons. It can also be harnessed to power domestic infrastructure.can also be harnessed to power domestic infrastructure.

Nuclear radiation also has its benefits. It can in radiometric dating, Nuclear radiation also has its benefits. It can in radiometric dating, chemotherapy, and also in nuclear pharmacy and medicine.chemotherapy, and also in nuclear pharmacy and medicine.

Using nuclear fission and fusion, we can turn lead into gold.Using nuclear fission and fusion, we can turn lead into gold.

Nuclear Nuclear PowerPower CycleCycle

Who uses Who uses nuclear power?nuclear power?

NuclNuclear ear EleElectrictricitycity GGeneraenerationtion

Over 14% of the world's electricity is generated from uranium in Over 14% of the world's electricity is generated from uranium in nuclear reactors. This amounts to over 2500 billion kWh each year, as nuclear reactors. This amounts to over 2500 billion kWh each year, as much as from all sources of electricity worldwide in 1960.much as from all sources of electricity worldwide in 1960.

It comes from some 440 nuclear reactors with a total output capacity It comes from some 440 nuclear reactors with a total output capacity of about 377 000 megawatts (MWe) operating in 30 countries. Over 60 of about 377 000 megawatts (MWe) operating in 30 countries. Over 60 more reactors are under construction and another 150 are planned.more reactors are under construction and another 150 are planned.

Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Hungary, Japan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Hungary, Japan, South Korea, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine all South Korea, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine all get 30% or more of their electricity from nuclear reactors. The USA get 30% or more of their electricity from nuclear reactors. The USA has over 100 reactors operating, supplying 20% of its electricity. has over 100 reactors operating, supplying 20% of its electricity. France gets three quarters of its electricity from uranium.France gets three quarters of its electricity from uranium.

DisaDisadvantagdvantages of es of NNucluclear Pear Powerower

Although not much waste Although not much waste

is produced, it is very is produced, it is very dangerous. It must be dangerous. It must be sealed up and buried for sealed up and buried for many thousands of years many thousands of years to allow the radioactivity to to allow the radioactivity to die away. die away. For all that time it must be For all that time it must be kept safe from kept safe from earthquakes, flooding, earthquakes, flooding, terrorists and everything terrorists and everything else. This is difficult. else. This is difficult.

WhatWhat hashas NuclNuclearear PPowowerer ddoneone ttoo

JapJapan?an? After the massive tsunami/ 9.0 magnitude earthquake in After the massive tsunami/ 9.0 magnitude earthquake in Japan, Japan has gone through major dilemmas. Now Japan, Japan has gone through major dilemmas. Now officials admit that they may have to bury reactors under officials admit that they may have to bury reactors under concrete like that of Chernobyl, reducing the harmful concrete like that of Chernobyl, reducing the harmful radiation it emits.radiation it emits.

Did Did you you knowknow……??

The world’s population will probably reach 10 billion people in this The world’s population will probably reach 10 billion people in this century, and the demand for electricity will increase more than 80% from century, and the demand for electricity will increase more than 80% from 2000 to 2020. Meeting these colossal requirements will require every energy 2000 to 2020. Meeting these colossal requirements will require every energy source available. Fifty years after the first nuclear reactor come on-line, source available. Fifty years after the first nuclear reactor come on-line, nuclear power is fourth among the world's primary energy sources, after oil, nuclear power is fourth among the world's primary energy sources, after oil, coal and gas. In 2002, there were 441 reactors in operation worldwide. The coal and gas. In 2002, there were 441 reactors in operation worldwide. The United States led the world with 104 reactors and an installed capacity of United States led the world with 104 reactors and an installed capacity of 100,000 MWe, or more than one fourth of global capacity.100,000 MWe, or more than one fourth of global capacity.

(Source: 2002 Nuclear Power Statistics, International Atomic Energy Agency)(Source: 2002 Nuclear Power Statistics, International Atomic Energy Agency)

Dr. Mohamed Dr. Mohamed ElBaradei ElBaradei

Dr. Mohamed ElBaradei is Dr. Mohamed ElBaradei is the Director General of the the Director General of the International Atomic Energy International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), an Agency (IAEA), an intergovernmental organization intergovernmental organization that is part of the United Nations that is part of the United Nations system. He gained a Bachelor's system. He gained a Bachelor's degree in Law in 1962 at the degree in Law in 1962 at the University of Cairo, and a University of Cairo, and a Doctorate in International Law at Doctorate in International Law at the New York University School of the New York University School of Law in 1974.In October 2005, Dr. Law in 1974.In October 2005, Dr. ElBaradei and the IAEA were ElBaradei and the IAEA were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for efforts "to prevent Prize for efforts "to prevent nuclear energy from being used nuclear energy from being used for military purposes and to for military purposes and to ensure that nuclear energy for ensure that nuclear energy for peaceful purposes is used in the peaceful purposes is used in the safest possible way." In addition, safest possible way." In addition, he has received multiple other he has received multiple other awards for his work.awards for his work.

Warm appreciations Warm appreciations from: Taqwa A.from: Taqwa A.

Hope you had a blast Hope you had a blast but don’t emit but don’t emit

radiation! radiation!