HOW METALS ARE MADEReported By: Mechanical Group

What is a METAL?

What is a METAL?A metal (from Greek mtallon, mine, quarry, metal) is a material (an element, compound, or alloy) that is typically hard, opaque, shiny, and has good electrical and thermal conductivity.

What is a METAL?Metals are generallymalleable that is, they can be hammered or pressed permanently out of shape without breaking or cracking as well asfusible(able to be fused or melted) and ductile(able to be drawn out into a thin wire).

About 91 of the 118 elements in theperiodic tableare metals (some elements appear in both metallic and non-metallic forms).

HISTORY of METALS

HISTORY of METALSThe nature of metals has fascinated mankind for many centuries, because these materials provided people with tools of unsurpassed properties both in war and in their preparation and processing. Sterlinggoldandsilverwere known to man since theStone Age.Leadand silver were fused from their ores as early as the fourth millenniumBC.

HISTORY of METALSAll elements that occur in nature can be divided into metals and non metals. Metals conduct heat and electricity, are hard, deformable, shiny, etc. Copper, gold, silver tin and zinc are all metals.

HISTORY of METALSAll metals are found in the earth, but most are not found in their pure state. Gold, platinum and sometimes copper and silver are found in their pure state. Gold, platinum and sometimes copper and silver are found in their pure states, but most are found as ores.

HISTORY of METALSAn ore is a combination of metal and other elements such as oxygen, sulfur and carbon, which are removed by heating the metal, called smelting.

HISTORY of METALSTHERE ARE 6 METALS USED BY PREHISTORIC MAN. 1. GOLD

HISTORY of METALS2. SILVER

HISTORY of METALS3. LEAD

HISTORY of METALS4. COPPER

HISTORY of METALS5. TIN

HISTORY of METALS6. IRON

How metals are formed?

How metals are formed?Metals are an integral part of our planet and are found in almost all rocks and soils. Most metals form compounds, called minerals, which are naturally occurring, inorganic solids with regular chemical compositions and crystal structures

How metals are formed?Although most metal-bearing mineral compositions comprise several elements, there are a few exceptions such as gold, which is found in its elemental form as a mineral called native gold.

How metals are formed?Most minerals grow in liquids, sometimes forming where molten rocks from beneath the earth's crust cool and harden.

These metal-containing rocks are called ores.

How metals are formed?Some metal elements do not combine easily with other elements.

These metals, like gold, silver and platinum, occur naturally in the earth's crust as small grains, or as larger lumps of metal.

HISTORY of METALSMost of the metals we use are not pure of elemental metals; they are alloys. Alloys are prepared from two or more metals. Copper and tin are mixed to form bronze.

HISTORY of METALSCopper and zinc make up brass, used in many musical instruments. Alloys are made by heating up each of the solid metals until they form a liquid. This liquid is then mixed and cooled.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN METAL AND STEEL?

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN METAL AND STEEL?The terms metal and steel are constantly used in the same capacity but are they really the same?

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN METAL AND STEEL?If you've ever seen steel, a popular material for construction and consumer products, it certainly looks and feels like a hard metal. But looks can be deceiving.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN METAL AND STEEL?Ametalis a chemical element of various opaque, fusible, ductile and lustrous substances [source: Merriam-Webster]. The elements referred to in that definition are the same ones you studied when you learned about the periodic table of the elements in high school chemistry. Some common metals are titanium, copper and nickel.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN METAL AND STEEL?Steel, on the other hand, is analloyof iron with varying amounts of carbon content (from 0.5 to 1.5 percent).Steel, being an alloy and therefore not a pure element, is not technically a metal but a variation on one instead. It's partially composed of a metal, iron, but because it also has non-metal carbon in its chemical make-up, it's not a pure metal.

PROCESSING METAL

PROCESSING METAL

PROCESSING METALThe steelmaking process starts with the processing of iron ore. The rock containing iron ore is ground and the ore is extracted using magnetic rollers.

PROCESSING METALFine-grained iron ore is processed into coarse-grained clumps for use in the blast furnace.

PROCESSING METALCoal is cleaned of impurities in a coke furnace, yielding an almost pure form of carbon. A mixture of iron ore and coal is then heated in a blast furnace to produce molten iron, or pig iron, from which steel is made.

PROCESSING METALAbout 12% of our steel is made from recycled steel.

METAL FACTS

METAL FACTSMetals are usually solid, good conductors of electricity and heat, shiny when clean, strong and malleable (meaning they can be bent and shaped).Gold is shiny and doesnt corrode, this means it is a great metal for making jewelry.

METAL FACTSWhile aluminum is the most common metal found in the Earth's crust, the most common metal found on Earth is iron, mostly because it makes up such a large part of the Earth's core.It is by mass the most common element on Earth, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core.

METAL FACTSCopperis a good conductor of electricity and is often used for making wires.At room temperature, mercury is the only metal that is in liquid form.

METAL FACTSAluminum is a good conductor of heat and is often used to make cooking pots.Metals are strong and are useful for making tools, buildings, bridges and other structures where strength is important.

METAL FACTSSteel is an important alloy (combination of metals) that is created from a mixture of metals, mostly iron. There are many different types of steel including stainless steel, galvanized steel and carbon steel. Steel is commonly used to make a number of products including knives, machines, train rails, cars, motors and wires.

METAL FACTSBronze is a metal alloy made from copper and tin. Copper makes up the larger amount, usually between 80 to 95%.

RECYCLED STEEL