HSUG-West, Berkeley, 9/25/03 1. 2 Introduction: Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) Files American...

HSUG-West, Berkeley, 9/25/031

Census 2000: Public Use Microdata Samples

and Metro Area Definitions

Presented by

Andrew Ruppenstein

September 25th, 2003


Introduction:Introduction:

Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) Files

American Community Survey (ACS) Microdata Files

Metropolitan Areas – Old and New


Where Does Census Housing Where Does Census Housing Data Come From?Data Come From?

Decennial Census data comes from both the short-form (100%) and the long-form questionnaires (~1-6 households sample).

With regard to housing, the short form yields only tenure and occupancy data.

The long form has 21 (some are multi-part) questions concerning housing.


Number of Housing Tables in Number of Housing Tables in Census 2000 Summary Files:Census 2000 Summary Files:

Summary File 1

Summary File 2

Summary File 3

Summary File 4

17 9 146 93


What is PUMS Data?What is PUMS Data?

Public Use Microdata Sample files contain a sample of individual housing unit and person records from the census, along with sample weights.

There are two released PUMS samples – 1% and 5%. The 1% file has more detailed characteristics. The 5% offers more geographic detail.


What Housing Data does What Housing Data does PUMS contain?PUMS contain? Tenure Units in Structure Occupancy Status Housing Value Gross Rent Rooms, Bedrooms Age of Structure Plumbing, Kitchen

Facilities, Vehicular, and Telephone Availability

Year Householder Moved into Unit

Property Taxes Paid Cost of Utilities Cost of Fuels Acreage Rent Mortgage Status Second Mortgage Status Property Insurance


Why Use PUMS?Why Use PUMS?

Summary vs. detail informationPredefined tables vs. custom tabulationsRestricted variables vs. full range of

available responsesGreatest possible detail while still ensuring

confidentiality


Census Public-Use Microdata Samples History1960 Census - 1% sample created as a

prototype 1970 Census - 1% sample introduced as a

standard product1980 Census – 1% and 5% samples1990 Census - 1% and 5% samples2000 Census – 1% and 5% samples


PUMS GeographyPUMS Geography

PUMS data is available only for a specially delineated set of geographies, PUMAs (5%) and super-PUMAs (1%).

PUMAs have a minimum of 100,000 population, super-PUMAs 400,000.

Super-PUMA and PUMA boundaries do not cross state lines.

PUMAs fit within super-PUMAs. Boundaries are drawn with some input from the

states and local area.


California has 62 super-PUMAs and 235 PUMAs.

California’s 2000 PUMAs


PUMS California Geography PUMS California Geography

In California, PUMA boundaries were constructed to follow city lines, where possible. Example: PUMA 07000 = Fullerton City in Orange County.

This holds less true for San Diego County and the San Francisco Bay Area Counties, as local input often chose to use tract boundaries.

Super-PUMA/PUMA boundaries and county boundaries frequently coincide.


S.F. Bay Area S.F. Bay Area PUMAsPUMAs

We are in PUMA 02403


Microsample Areas are Microsample Areas are Designated With a Code:Designated With a Code: Super-PUMAs (1%) have a 5 digit code, with the

first 2 digits as the state FIPS code. Example: 06050 (Solano and Napa Counties) (California’s FIPS Code = ’06’). Range is 06010 – 06705.

PUMAs (5%) also have a 5-digit code. In California , PUMA (5%) codes are lowest in the north, and highest in the southern part of the state. Range is 00100 – 08116. PUMA codes are unique within the state, but may be repeated in other states.


Where do I get PUMS data?Where do I get PUMS data?

PUMS data is available free of charge in downloadable form from the US Census Bureau: http://www.census.gov/main/www/pums.html

A DVD of the data will be available from the Census Bureau in Fall, 2003. In addition to the data it will include the Beyond 20/20 software for accessing the data.

DataFerret also provides online access to PUMS data: http://dataferrett.census.gov/TheDataWeb/index.html


The American Community Survey The American Community Survey (ACS) Microdata(ACS) Microdata

Microdata sample files are also currently available for the 1996-1998 and 2000-2001 ACS data. The technical documentation, record layout, geographies, and content will not be same! But the same principles for generating custom tabulations will hold true.

ACS sample sizes are much smaller. Expect a tradeoff in accuracy vs. timeliness when deciding whether to use decennial or ACS PUMS data.

When using PUMS, please be sure to cite both the census source (decennial or ACS) and the data year.


ACS Microdata for CaliforniaACS Microdata for California

ACS coverage has slowly expanded over time. The first tabulations available are for 1996. 2005 should be the first year for which ACS has complete coverage of the US.

The first California counties covered by the program were San Francisco and Tulare in 1999. 2000 has tabulations for 21 California counties. 2001 has tabulations for 24. More counties were sampled than tabulated, however.

The 2000 and 2001 ACS microdata files for California have no county-level detail.

For more information, please see: http://www.census.gov/acs/www/Products/PUMS/index.htm


Metropolitan Statistical Areas – What Metropolitan Statistical Areas – What They Were, What They AreThey Were, What They Are

Metropolitan Statistical Area: “A geographic entity, defined by the Federal OMB for use by Federal statistical agencies, based on the concept of a core area with a large population nucleus, plus adjacent communities having a high degree of economic and social integration with that core.”


ChangesChanges

The standards have changed 6 times since 1950, and so the definitions (lists of areas) for presenting metropolitan area statistics have changed 10 times since 1950.

The June 30, 1999 definition is used for Census 2000 products.

There is a new definition as of June 6, 2003, which will be applied to future Census Bureau products.

The changes over time in areas defined as “Metropolitan” mostly reflect population growth, not changes in the defined concept.


The Way Things Were – 1999 Definitions:

3 CMSAs

12 PMSAs

12 MSAs


Core Based Statistical Area (CBSA) ClassificationCore Based Statistical Area (CBSA) Classification

A CBSA consists of the county or counties associated with at least one core of 10,000 or greater population, plus adjacent counties having a high degree of social and economic integration with the core(s) as measured by commuting ties.

Core Based Statistical Areas Population in a CoreMetropolitan Statistical Areas 50,000 or moreMicropolitan Statistical Areas 10,000 to 49,999

Territory not included in a CBSA is designated as OutsideCore Based Statistical Areas.






CBSA Building BlocksCBSA Building Blocks

Why? Single, consistent geographic unit nationwide

Familiar geographic units

Stable boundaries

Availability of a wide range of statistically reliable data

Counties and equivalent entities throughout the United Statesand Puerto Rico

Counties and equivalent entities throughout the United Statesand Puerto Rico


CBSA CoresCBSA Cores

Census Bureau-defined urbanized areas (UAs) Census Bureau-defined urban clusters (UCs)—a new

geographic entity for Census 2000

Cores identify central counties of CBSAs

Central counties are those counties that:

• have at least 50% of their population in urban areas (UAs or UCs) of at least 10,000 population; or• have within their boundaries a population of at least 5,000 that is located in a single urban area of at least 10,000 population

Central counties are those counties that:

• have at least 50% of their population in urban areas (UAs or UCs) of at least 10,000 population; or• have within their boundaries a population of at least 5,000 that is located in a single urban area of at least 10,000 population


Aggregating CountiesAggregating Counties

Commuting data are used to qualify outlying counties.

A county qualifies as an outlying county if:

• at least 25 percent of the employed residents of the county work in the CBSA’s central county or counties, or• at least 25 percent of the jobs in the county are accounted for by workers residing in the CBSA’s central county or counties

A county qualifies as an outlying county if:

• at least 25 percent of the employed residents of the county work in the CBSA’s central county or counties, or• at least 25 percent of the jobs in the county are accounted for by workers residing in the CBSA’s central county or counties

Measures of settlement structure, such as population density and the percentage of population that is urban, are not used to qualifyoutlying counties.


Divisions of Metropolitan Statistical AreasDivisions of Metropolitan Statistical Areas

Metropolitan Statistical Areas containing at least one core with a population of 2.5 million or greater may be subdivided to formMetropolitan Divisions

A county will be identified as a main county of a MetropolitanDivision if: 65 percent or more of its employed residents work within the

county, and the ratio of the number of jobs located within that county to its

number of employed residents is at least 0.75.

A main county automatically serves as the basis for forming aMetropolitan Division.


2003 Metro 2003 Metro StandardsStandards

33 CBSAs, of which:

7 Micropolitan Areas and 26 Metropolitan

Areas, of which: 6 are multi-county.


Learn More About PUMSLearn More About PUMS

CENSUS 2000 Main Page:

http://www.census.gov/main/www.cen2000.html

CENSUS 2000 Support Pages:

http://www.census.gov/support/cen2000.html

CENSUS Electronic Products Support Pages: http://www.census.gov/tech/techtalk.html


Learn More About Metropolitan Learn More About Metropolitan AreasAreas

CENSUS Metropolitan Areas Intro Page:

http://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/metroarea.htm.


And Finally…

For more information contact me via e-mail or phone:

– [email protected]

– (916) 327-0103, x2526


Credits:

1) Slides 5 and 8 were adapted with permission from “Tabulating Data from the PUMS Files Using Beyond 20/20 Software” by Bill Savino, Electronic Products Development Branch, US Census Bureau

2) Slides 21-24 were borrowed with permission from “Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Area Standards” by Colleen Joyce, Geography Division, US Census Bureau

3) The maps on slides 10, 12 and 25 were created by Cynthia Singer, Demographic Research Unit, California State Department of Finance

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