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HTML By Joaquin Vila
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HTML
By
Joaquin Vila
What is HTML?
• HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language.
• HTML is based on SGML (the Standard Generalized Markup Language)
HTML
• HTML, by virtue of its SGML heritage, is a standardized language for describing structured documents across various platforms.
• HTML documents are cross-platform compatible and device-independent.
But what is HTML?
• HTML is the lingua franca for publishing hypertext on the World Wide Web.
Where is it going?
• Mission of the HTML Working Group– To develop the next generation of HTML as a
suite of XML tag sets with a clean migration path from HTML 4.0.
XHTML 1.0
• XHTML 1.0 is the current W3C Recommendation– W3C produces what are known as "Recommendations" for
HTML. These are specifications, developed by W3C working groups, and then voted in by Members of the Consortium.
– A W3C Recommendation indicates that consensus has been reached among the Consortium Members that a specification is appropriate for widespread use.
XHTML 1.0
• XHTML 1.0 is W3C's recommendation for the latest version of HTML– following on from earlier work on HTML 4.01,
HTML 4.0, HTML 3.2 and HTML 2.0. With a wealth of features
– XHTML 1.0 is a reformulation of HTML 4.01 in XML, and combines the strength of HTML4 with the power of XML.
HTML
• Most documents have common elements-for example, titles, paragraphs, or lists. These elements are labeled through the use of HTML tags.
• It is the tags that describe the document; anything that is not a tag is part of the document itself.– <TAG> ....</TAG>
What Does HTML Look Like?• <HTML>
• <HEAD>
• <TITLE> ISU ACS Dept HTML Tutorial-Basics </TITLE>
• </HEAD>
• <BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000">
• <CENTER><H2>What is HTML?</H2></CENTER>
• <P>HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. HTML is based on SGML (the Standard Generalized Markup Language), a much bigger
• document-processing system. HTML, by virtue of its SGML heritage, is a standardized language for describing <EM>structured documents</EM> across various
• platforms. HTML documents are cross-platform compatible and device-independent. In other words, HTML is a standard language which can be read on any
• platform (Windows, Unix, OS/2, etc.) as long as you have a browser that can read and understand HTML.</P>
• </BODY>
• </HTML>
How it look in a browser
HTML Tags
• Most HTML tags look like the following:– <TagName>the affected text</TagName>– Example: the following <EM> tag will make
the word basic in the following sentance bold.• This a <EM>basic</EM> tag tutorial.
CASE insensitive
• All HTML tags are case-insensitive; that is, you can specify them in upper or lower case, or in a mixture. – <EM> is the same as <Em> or <em>
• It is common practice, however, to specify all tags in uppercase because they are easier to spot.
Creating a Simple HTML Document
• <HTML>
• <HEAD>
• <TITLE> My Sample HTML Document</TITLE>
• </HEAD>
• <BODY>
• <H1>This is my HTML Document.</H1>
• </BODY>
• </HTML>
<BODY>
• <BODY BGCOLOR="White" TEXT="Black" VLINK="Red" LINK="Blue" ALINK="Navy" BACKGROUND="bg.jpg">
• <BODY bgcolor="#FFFFFF" >
<TAGS>
• Largest Heading: <H1>
• Large Heading: <H2>
• Medium Heading: <H3>
• Small Heading: <H4>
• Smaller Heading: <H5>
• Smallest Heading: <H6>
<TAGS>
• <P> – This is a paragraph. Each new paragraph you
make will drop down a couple lines before starting.
• <br>– The br element is a line-break. It will only drop
down one line, unlike the paragraph.
<TAGS>
• <CENTER>Centering is easy!</CENTER>
• <B>Bolding text helps it stand out</B>
• <STRIKE>Striking is easy!</STRIKE>
• <U>Underlining is easy!</U>
<TAGS>• <A HREF="address">any text you want</A>
• <A HREF="http://www.ilstu.edu”>ISU</A>
• <!-- Naming the area for the link -->
• <A NAME="top">
• This is an example HTML file to demonstrate the use
• of internal anchors.
• <!-- Linking to the specified area.
• Note that we use # in the link,
• but not when naming the area. -->
• <P><A HREF="#top">Back to the Top</A>
<TAGS>
• <A HREF="mailto:your_email">any text you want</A>
• <A HREF="mailto:[email protected] ?subject=HTML Tutorial">E-mail Me</A>
<TAGS>
• <IMG SRC="tutorial.gif">
• <IMG SRC="any_pic.xxx" WIDTH="number HEIGHT="number">
• <IMG SRC="any_image.xxx" BORDER=0>
Images
• <img src="peter.jpeg" width="200" height="150" alt="My friend Peter">
• <a href="/"><img src="logo.gif" alt="home page"></a>
<TAGS>
• <OL>– <LI> First Line</LI>
– <LI> Second Line</LI>
– <LI> Third Line</LI>
• </OL>
1.First Line 2.Second Line
3.Third Line
<TABLE>
• <TABLE BORDER>
• <TR>
• <TD>A</TD> <TD>B</TD> <TD>C</TD>
• </TR>
• <TR>
• <TD>D</TD> <TD>E</TD> <TD>F</TD>
• </TR>
• </TABLE>
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