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Yarn Formation/Spinning
http://www.textileschool.com/School/Spinning/YarnFormation.aspx (1 of 12) [6/10/2012 11:17:18 PM]
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Related Topics ● Yarn Formation Systems: There are
various commonly used
popular Yarn Formation
Systems .Some of them
are Cotton woollen or
worsted,staple,Filament
yarn formation systems.
Als...
● Twist insertion and Different Spinning Techniques: The
new spinning systems
clearly avoid the
limitations produced by
the twist insertion
mechanism. It is
possible to increase the
twist insertion rate ...
● Textile Yarn Types: Details of
Yarn Formation/Spinning
http://www.textileschool.com/School/Spinning/YarnFormation.aspx (2 of 12) [6/10/2012 11:17:18 PM]
YARN
Yarn Formation/SpinningThe Fibre formation process includes
change in shape, structure and
properties of the thermoplastic polymer.
The polymer pellets or granules are fed
into an extruder where, through heating,
their melting temperature is exceeded.
The polymeric melt is then transported,
under pressure, to the spinneret..Yarn
formation methods were originally
developed for spinning of natural fibres
including cotton, linen, wool and silk.
Previous Topic » Yarn Spinning
Next Topic » Yarn Formation
Systems
The thickness of yarn is measured as
Counts. Yarns are made in different
counts like 2’s, 4’s, 10’s, 16’s, 20’s,
24’s, 25’s, 30’s, 34’s, 36’s, 38’s, 40’s,
60’s, 80’s, 100’s, etc. We can consider
like this. 0’s counts are cotton fiber. 20’s
counts yarn is thicker than 24’s yarn.
Likewise 30’s yarn is thicker than 34’s.
types of yarn such as
spun yarn and filament
yarn also different types
of cotton such as Sea
island cotton, Pima
cotton, U.S. cotton,
Asian...
● Construction of Textile Yarn: Yarn
construction being
classified into simple /
conventional yarn,
complex/novelty yarns,
metallic yarns, textured
yarns, bulked/high
bulked yarns and...
● Textile Yarn size/substance:
How to find out the yarn
sizes and popular textile
yarn sizes, techniques
to identify substance of
textile yarn...
● Thread Numbering System: Threads are
usually made up of
several single strands
twisted or plied
together. The
numbering system for
threads has two parts:
Yarn Formation/Spinning
http://www.textileschool.com/School/Spinning/YarnFormation.aspx (3 of 12) [6/10/2012 11:17:18 PM]
So when the yarn counts are increasing,
the thickness becomes lesser. We can
see, the higher the counts, the lesser
the thickness.
Yarn prices based on the thickness.
Price of 20’s yarn is lesser than 24’s.
Price of 30’s yarn is lesser than 34’s
yarn. We must know, higher the counts,
higher the prices. There are 2 qualities
of yarn. Combed and Carded.
Combed is superior quality. The cotton
fibers are in different lengths from 0.25
inches to 2.5 inches. According to the
technical parameters, the fibers with
more length are considered to be better.
These long fibers give more evenness
and more strength for yarns. Also the
short fibers are increasing hairiness
whereas the long fibers are decreasing
hairiness in yarns. Hence in order to get
uniformity in fiber lengths, the short
length fibers are to be eliminated from
the long length fibers. For this purpose,
a special process is being done. This
process is called ‘Combing’. Because of
the same longer length of fibers, the
one related to the th...
● Filament Yarn Spinning: For
transforming filament
fibres to yarns involve
processes such as Wet
spinning, Dry spinning,
Melt spinning, Bi-
component spinning, Bi-
constituent s...
● Staple Yarn Spinning: The larger
part of staple fibre,
approx. 33 mio tons are
processed in short
staple spinning. This
part of the spinning
industry therefore is of
great ...
● Ring Spinning:
The Ring Spinning is
the most widely used
form of spinning
machine due to
significant advantages
in comparison with the
new spinning
processes. The ri...
● Arrangement and Schemtics of Ring Spinning: ...
Yarn Formation/Spinning
http://www.textileschool.com/School/Spinning/YarnFormation.aspx (4 of 12) [6/10/2012 11:17:18 PM]
Yarn Formation
Categories
Textile is a type of material composed of natural or synthet...Textile - An introduction
Fiber is a hair-like strand of material. It is flexible and ...The building block of the textile industry - Textile Fibres.
Yarns are continuous strands of fibers that can be woven or ...Textile Yarns
Yarn spinning is the process of manufacturing yarn from diff...
Textile
Fiber
Textile Yarns
Spinning
yarn will be very even with lesser
hairiness. Hence after knitting or
weaving, the fabric will have very even
look.
Carded yarn is inferior in quality. As the
above said ‘combing’ process is not
being done, the carded yarn will be
made of the fibers in different lengths.
Hence the yarn strength will be lesser
than combed yarn. Also carded yarn will
have more hairiness and due to this, the
fabric made with carded yarns will have
more unevenness. Because of this extra
process, the Combed yarn price is
higher than Carded yarn. Also Combed
yarn quality is superior to Carded yarn.
Yarn is continous strand which is made
up of filaments or fibers. It is used to
● Problems and Success factor of Ring Spinning: ...
● Process of Ring Spinning: ...
● Ring Spinning Pros and Cons:
The ring spinning
system is the oldest
spinning system that
remains dominant
because of the high
quality yarns it
produces. Ring spinning
has various ...
● Winding: The cop
which is prepared in the
ring frame is not
suitable for further
processing. So the yarn
is converted into the
shape of cone which is
prepared ...
● Winding Calculation and objective: How to
do the winding
calcutaions is described
here .And also the
objective of winding is
specified....
Yarn Formation/Spinning
http://www.textileschool.com/School/Spinning/YarnFormation.aspx (5 of 12) [6/10/2012 11:17:18 PM]
Mixing and Blending
Yarn Spinning
The major methods for fabric manufacture are weaving and kni...Fabric Formation
The weaving is a process of formation of fabric with interla...Fabric Weaving
Knitting is a method by which thread or yarn may be turned i...Knitting
Embroidery is the art or handicraft of making or decorating ...Embroidery - machine embroidery
Textile Finishing is any operation (other than preparation a...Textile Finishing
Textile products used for clothing is broadly termed as Appa...Apparel/Garments
Lingerie industry has been growing prosperously and the d...Lingerie
Technical textile are textile products manufactured for non-...Technical Textiles
Fabrics
Weaving
Knitting
Embroidery
Textile Finishing
Apparel
Lingerie
Technical Textiles
make fabric/textiles of different kinds.
Yarn formation methods were originally
developed for spinning of natural fibers
including cotton, linen, wool and silk.
Since the overall physical
characteristics of the fibers and
processing factors needed differed from
fiber to fiber, separate processing
systems were developed. As synthetic
fibers were introduced, synthetic
spinning systems for texturized and
untexturized cut staple were developed
as modifications of existing staple
systems, whereas spinning systems for
texturized and untexturized filament
were developed separately.
Mixing: It is generally meant as the
intermingling of different classes of
fibers of the same grade e.g. USA Pima
grade2, CIS
Blending: IT is meant as the
intermingling of different kinds of fibers
● Types of Winding: Basically,
there are two types of
winding machines:
precision winders and
drum winders. Precision
widers, used primarily
for filament yarn, have a
tra...
● Winding Machines and Faults: Different types
of winding machines
are discussed here.
They can be classified
on the basis of ...Also
the various faults of
winding are specified....
● Optimum Spinning condition: Factors
governing Optimum
Spinning condition,
Yarn quality
assessment, Causes of
end breakage/ end
down...
● Blow Room Functions: Blow
room is the starting of
the spinning operation
where the fibre is
Yarn Formation/Spinning
http://www.textileschool.com/School/Spinning/YarnFormation.aspx (6 of 12) [6/10/2012 11:17:18 PM]
Grams per Square Metre (GSM)
The textile industry is considered as the most ecologically ...Eco Textiles
Fashion is not defined solely by clothing choices, but it is...Fashion
Interactive, table style conversion calculator to determine ...Count Conversion Calculators and Formulas
Costing is the system of computing cost of production or of ...Costing
Dispatching is the process of delivering the products to the...Dispatch
Eco Textiles
Fashion
ConversionFormulas
Costing
Dispatch
GSM is the short form of Grams per
Square Metre. GSM is the very most
important thing which defines the weight
of the fabrics of knit garments.
Garment price and quality based on
many things like GSM, fabric quality,
colours, finishing, prints, embroidery,
style, etc. But GSM is the most
important thing to be decided when
confirming the prices between the
sellers and buyers.
GSM is the weight of 1mtr x 1mtr fabric.
It means 100cm x 100cm = 10,000 sq.
cms. It can be found out by any one of
the below ways.
or different grade of same fibers e.g.
polyester & cotton, Viscose & cotton.
Objectives of missing or blending
● Economy
● Processing performance
● Functional properties
opened, cleaned,
mixed , micro dust
removed and evened
thus passed to carding
m...
● Objectives of blow room:
objectives, actions of
blow room, wastage
and faults in blow room,
types of beater in blow
room...
● Functions of Carding: Carding is
a mechanical process
that breaks up locks
and unorganised
clumps of fibre and then
aligns the individual
fibres so that they are
more or le...
● Objectives of carding: Objectives
of carding, main actions
of carding machine,
Useful sliver hanks of
different counts and
wastage in carding...
● Draw frame Functions: Carded
Slivers are fed into the
Draw-Frame and are
Yarn Formation/Spinning
http://www.textileschool.com/School/Spinning/YarnFormation.aspx (7 of 12) [6/10/2012 11:17:18 PM]
We must be aware that if we use the
smaller size bit, accurate GSM can not
be achieved. The bigger size of fabric
bit is better used to get exact or closer
GSM.
If we have fabrics, then we don’t have
any problem in finding GSM, as we can
cut any dimension to find GSM. But
most of the times, we will have only the
garments to find GSM. And we will have
to keep the garment for style, making
and other references. So we will be
allowed to cut a small bit from the
● By the weight of
100cm x 100cm
fabric bit.
● By the weight of
50cm x 50cm
fabric bit
multiplied by 4.
● By the weight of
25cm x 25cm
fabric bit
multiplied by 16.
● By the weight of
10cm x 10cm
fabric bit
multiplied by 100.
stretched/Straightened
and made in to a single
sliver. Also fibre
blending can be done at
this stag...
● Combing:
Necessity of combing,
objectives of combing,
Combers Noel...
● Roving: The input
of roving frame is silver
that comes from draw
frame section where
only parallel of comber
sliver. In roving section
reduce the linear dens...
● Lap Former Process: In Lap-
former machine, slivers
are fed to form a lap of
20 inches wide
condensed with a slight
draft and weighing as
per set length. The
machine run s...
● Speed frame:
Objectives of speed
frame, operations
involved in speed
frame...
● Open-End
Yarn Formation/Spinning
http://www.textileschool.com/School/Spinning/YarnFormation.aspx (8 of 12) [6/10/2012 11:17:18 PM]
Yarn spinning is the process of manufacturing yarn from different types of fibres into a continuous length from one or more type of fibers. Spinning is the most important and the initial step in fabric manufacturing. The major goals of spinning is to
There are various commonly used
popular Yarn Formation Systems .
Some of them are Cotton woollen or
worsted,staple,Filament yarn
« Previous Topic Yarn Spinning
Next Topic » Yarn Formation
Systems
garments. Hence nowadays, round
cutters are used. This system is used
worldwide. With the help of this round
cutter, the fabric will be cut into a small
bit.
Then the GSM of the fabric can be
found out by multiplying the weight of
this round bit by 100. This round bit is to
be weighed in an electronic scale with
milligram accuracy. As this bit is very
small and as the weight has to be
multiplied by 100, the fabric has to be
cut very sharply to get the exact GSM.
Hence the blades of this round cutter
are to be sharp and new to get the
exact GSM.
Spinning: The first
functioning of rotor
spinning ,machine was
presented at the ITMA
in 1967.Yarn spinning
according to the rotor
spinning principle
predominate...
● Substrate Formation: Textile
substrates are formed
from yarns or fibre webs
by several techniques
including weaving,
knitting, tufting, and
nonwoven formation.
Composites ...
● Air Jet Spinning:
Air jet spinning has
offered yarn
manufacturers the
opportunity to produce
yarn at relatively high
production rate. Unlike
other spinning methods
in w...
● Twist Insertion and Different Spinning Techniques: The
new spinning systems
clearly avoid the
Yarn Formation/Spinning
http://www.textileschool.com/School/Spinning/YarnFormation.aspx (9 of 12) [6/10/2012 11:17:18 PM]
produce the quality yarn from raw material, then remove the process faults followed by winding the short length bobbins on Cones. There are different types of spinning, the most commonly forms of spinning are: Ring, Rotor, Air Jet, Friction etc.
formation systems. Also some of the common types of
yarns like mercerdised ,dyed,
grindle or twisted,yarns are discussed
in this page.
limitations produced by
the twist insertion
mechanism. It is
possible to increase the
twist insertion rate ...
● Characteristics of Textile Blended yarn and fabric:
characteristics of textile
blended yarns like-
shrinks or not, water
absorbent , has creases
or not, has luster or not,
soft/hard. Each kind of
fibre ...
● Textile knit yarn production: Textile
knot yarn production,
Faults and remedies,
Uniformity ratio,
Micronnaire and
maturity, Fiber
maturity...
● Sampling of Bales of Cotton(Bulk Sample):
Sampling procedure of
bales,No.of tests and
critical difference % for
various fiber
properties...
Yarn Formation/Spinning
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