202004

“TURNING GARBAGE INTO GOLD”The Basura Atras Linamon

Abante sa Kalamboan (BALAK) Program

LINAMON, LANAO DEL NORTE

“TURNING GARBAGE INTO GOLD” The Basura Atras Linamon Abante sa Kalamboan (BALAK) Program Copyright © 2004 Philippines-Canada Local Government Support Program (LGSP) The Philippines-Canada Local Government Support Program encourages the use, translation, adaptation and copying of this material for non-commercial use, with appropriate credit given to LGSP. Although reasonable care has been taken in the preparation of this book, neither the publisher and/or contributor and/or editor can accept any liability for any consequence arising from the use thereof or from any information contained herein. Printed and bound in Manila, Philippines Published by: Philippines-Canada Local Government Support Program Unit 1507 Jollibee Plaza Emerald Ave., Pasig City 1600 Philippines Tel. Nos. (632) 637-3511 to 13 www.lgsp.org.ph This project was undertaken with the financial support of the Government of Canada provided through the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA).

Summary

About Linamon, Lanao Del Norte’s Balak- “Basura Atras Linamon Abante Sa Kalamboan”

Project History

Project Description

Project Results

B. Replicating Balak

Key Implementation Steps

Reference Matrix On Replicating Balak

Lessons And Insights In Replicating The Project

Annexes

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3

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6

7

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CONTENTS

1

Summary

“Its not my problem, it’s the government’s!” Such was the prevailing sentiment of residents of Linamon, a 5th class municipality in the province of Lanao del Norte when it came to the town’s garbage problem. Indiscriminate dumping

of garbage in canals and vacant lots by sidewalk vendors, market stall owners and residents, as well as the unsanitary disposal of human and household wastes along coastal waters by migrants/slum dwellers were a common occurrence in Linamon from the 80s through the late 90s.

Linamon thus gained notoriety for being one of the dirtiest municipalities in the province, incurring related revenue losses due to its misuse of public market stalls and slaughtering facilities, and its ineffi cient garbage collection. The problem also aggravated water and air pollution in the municipality and the declining productivity of municipal waters.

In 2001, these challenges prompted fi rst-term Mayor Cherlito Macas, who was formerly Linamon’s Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator, to revive the Integrated Solid Waste Management Program (ISWMP). ISWMP was originally conceptualized in 1998 with the help of the USAID-ARD under their Governance and Local Democracy (GOLD) project.

Renaming it Basura Atras, Linamon Abante sa Kalamboan or BALAK, Macas adopted and strengthened GOLD’s ISWMP in order to make Linamon clean and beautiful with the adoption of sound environmental practices that included team building, participatory planning and law enforcement.

The municipal government of Linamon launched an intensive information campaign It integrated a BALAK orientation in its pre-marriage counseling programs and business permit processing. It also established a sanitary landfi ll with facilities for recovery of recyclable wastes and the production of organic fertilizer. It assisted households and establishments in constructing mini compost pits converting biodegradable waste into soil conditioners for use in model farms. Implementation was enforced by penalizing residents for non-compliance.

TURNING GARBAGE INTO GOLDThe Basura Atras Linamon Abante sa Kalamboan (BALAK) Program

Linamon, Lanao del Norte

“Turning Garbage Into Gold”

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Two years after the full implementation of the program, ninety (90%) percent of the households and establishments are practicing garbage segregation and composting of biodegrables. This has drastically reduced the volume of garbage from 2,700 MT/year to 1,150MT. From 2001 to the fi rst quarter of 2003, the program has generated revenues amounting to PhP 275,074.89. The program has also eased traffi c fl ow and improved the general cleanliness of the central business district. Garbage has also become a source of income for the community.

This feat has earned Linamon a Galing Pook award in 2002. It is also one of the most popular study tour destinations of LGUs and its experience is being replicated by many LGUs around the country.

BALAK Ecological Center

The Basura Atras Linamon Abante sa Kalamboan (BALAK) Program: Linamon, Lanao Del Norte

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About “Basura Atras Linamon Abante Sa Kalamboan” or Balak

Project History: Taking off from a USAID-ARD GOLD Sponsored Program

The Integrated Solid Waste Management Strategic Plan for Linamon was initially formulated in 1998 by the municipal government’s ISWM Task Force with technical assistance from the USAID-ARD, under its Governance and Local Democracy Project (GOLD).

1. Laying the Foundation for BALAK

In 1998, the LGU, with assistance from ARD-GOLD, began developing its solid waste management program. It conducted capacity building activities for LGU personnel, enacted the municipal ISWM ordinance and created a task force. Capacity building activities included an ISWM orientation and the actual conduct by LGU personnel of a quick rapid appraisal of Linamon’s garbage problem to identify the needed facilities and services.

By late February of 1998, the LGU created a Task Force on Solid Waste Management (by virtue of Administrative Order No. 02-24 series of 1998).. In the same administrative order, the preparatory plan for developing an ISWM program was laid out. The Municipal ISWM ordinance was enacted in 1998; salient provisions of the ordinance were posted in public places

Capacity Building

In the next 8 months, a series of capability building activities were conducted for the Task Force and other involved LGU personnel. Again under the GOLD project, LGU personnel attended workshops on the following:

• Strategic Planning and Facilitation • Social Marketing (communication and advocacy) • Mapping/re-routing of garbage collection • ISWM Trainors Training. • Study tour to successful ISWM in Luzon

Spreading the Word, Making it Known

From August to December 1998, a team composed of members of the Sangguniang Bayan and municipal employees conducted advocacy and information campaign activities, including: teachers’ trainings on ISWM, distribution and public posting of information materials on the


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program like newsletters, new updates , stickers, fl yers and billboards highlighting the penal provisions of the ISWM ordinances and the importance of such a program.

A ISWM orientation course was also integrated in the pre-marriage counseling services and the issuance of municipal permits (business, building/zoning). Barangays were also encouraged to install purok level clean-and-green activities during the Araw ng Linamon.

Installing the Implementation Systems

The next step was installing the necessary physical structures including the “Material, Composting/Demonstration Center/Pilot Farm.”

To ensure the public’s compliance with the Municipal Sanitation Code and the ISWM Ordinances, the following structures for enforcement were set up:

a) Operation DAKOP by Purok (covering all puroks). Law enforcers were deputized and distributed to the different puroks. They were tasked to issue a citation tickets to residents violating any provisions of the Sanitation Code and ISWM ordinances.

b) Inspection of households and their compliance to the sanitary toilets and 1x1x1 compost pit requirement. This was conducted by a team headed by the Municipal Sanitary Health Offi cer. Exemption certifi cate was issued to households who had no space for a compost pit.

c) Operation LINIS along municipal streets and canals. All municipal employees and offi cials including Barangay and Purok offi cials were assigned to clean particular areas of municipal streets and canals.

d) Inspection of all PUJs and PUBs and their compliance to having trash receptacles. Municipal offi cials assisted the operation.

Monitoring and Evaluation. Based on the strategic plan, monthly action plans and activity and accomplishment reports were regularly submitted by the Municipal Environment and Sanitation Offi ce (MESO) to the Offi ce of the Mayor. These were also presented to the ISWM Task Force and the People’s Congress which was represented by all sectors. A customer feedback survey was also conducted semi-annually and inputted in the MESO’s bi-annual Service Improvement Program.


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2. Project Decline and Rebirth under a New Name

But while the ISWM met with initial success, the project soon suffered from a change of leadership and dwindling people participation. When municipal development planning and development coordinator Cherlito Macas was voted mayor in 2001, he took the initiative of reviving and updating what he thought was an important LGU program. He created a Municipal Solid Waste Management Board and named the solid waste management program Basura Atras Linamon Abante sa Kalamboan (BALAK).

Using the mandate of the municipal ordinance on Integrated Solid Waste Management enacted by the LGU in 1998, Mayor Macas issued an Executive Order institutionalizing BALAK as the umbrella program and implementing arm of the ISWM Program.

Mayor Macas issued several executive orders mandating the strengthening of various structures and mechanisms necessary for its implementation. In July 2001, Mayor Cherlito Macas called for the renewal of deputation of all ISWM deputized enforcers. By the last quarter of 2001, ISWM, under its new name- BALAK was re-launched. Subsequent orders from the offi ce of the Mayor and SB resolutions empowered the stakeholders and implementors of the program. By December of the same year, the Solid Waste Management Board was organized by virtue of Executive Order No. 12-18: An Order Creating the Municipal Solid Management Board.

The Sangguniang Bayan also enacted and adopted ordinances and resolutions to provide legal basis for the use of areas and facilities of the municipality by the program as well as complement BALAK.

In the last quarter of 2001, the Sangguniang Bayan of Linamon passed a resolution adopting Ordinance (No. 6, Series of 2001) Designating the Area Beside Linamon Public Market as Permanent Terminal for Public Utility. This would assist in clearing all major streets from traffi c obstruction and sidewalk vendors. To fully implement Ordinance No. 6, two Memorandum Orders were issued to clear the national highway, provincial roads and municipal streets of sidewalk vendors. It was also the year when municipal-wide clean and green purok-level competitions were held for the fi rst time.



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Project Description: A Collective Approach to Solid Waste Management: The BALAK Equation

Under its new name, BALAK pushed for participatory and collective approach in enhancing the ecological balance of the community. It had four main objectives, several key strategies and features;

BALAK Objectives

1. Guide, control and regulate the generation, storage, collection, transportation and disposal of solid waste within the locality and promote order/sanitation for the same;

2. Enhance the total environment of the locality through the necessary control and mitigation of negative environment impacts of solid waste;

3. Promote and protect the health, safety, peace and convenience and general welfare of the inhabitants of the municipality;

4. Minimize the generation of solid waste but rather maximize its resource recovery/recycling and utilization.

BALAK Key Strategies

1. Enhance LGU technical and program/project capability to advocate, plan and implement the BALAK project.

2. Mobilize and maintain a broad-based and active community support and participation to the project.

3. Establish and maintain the appropriate engineering and physical facilities to support project implementation.

4. Strengthen the ISWM policies and the mechanism and processes of policy enforcement

BALAK had several interesting features including: 1. It called for garbage being sorted/segregated from source, and 2. that biogradeable waste be transformed into soil conditioners over a period of one month

for use in model farms/gardens. 3. It also called for the full/strict implementation of the ISWM ordinance and other ordinances

that affected the ecological balance of the municipality including the Market Code, Revenue Code, Traffi c Code, Zoning Ordinance, the Health and Sanitation Code and other environmental laws,


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4. It promoted other activities including Clean and Green program and oversaw Agri-Aqua Tourism Activities

Sustainability Mechanisms

The underlying strength and sustainability of the program is its partnership with community institutions and civilian volunteers. The Linamon ISWM Task Force created to lead the program was supported by a cadre of citizen volunteers who comprise the bulk of deputized ISWM enforcers. The LGU-citizens partnership has been institutionalized within the framework of the Municipal Solid Waste Management Board, a new local special body focused on the sustained implementation of the program.

Inspired by the initial results of the program, some socio-civic and religious organizations like the Iglesia ni Kristo and the Alpha Theta Omega fraternity (Iligan and Linamon Chapter) launched their own clean-up drives as an integral element of their civic action program.

Project Results: Balak to Bunga - From intentions to real benefi ts

Within 15 months of the new mayor’s incumbency, the BALAK project made a signifi cant difference in the town of Linamon so that it gained national recognition. The Balak project of Linamon became a Gawad Galing Pook Awardee.

1. Linamon now a PALACE

To the people of Linamon, the program not only made possible a clean environment, it also generated economic opportunities. The benefi ts, according to the LGU of Linamon, are captured in the word “PALACE” which stands for:

P articipatory Governance/People-Centered DevelopmentA lways Clean LGU/Awards (Galing Pook and Clean and Green Awards)L ess Diseases/Linamon becomes a Lakbay-Aral siteA dd itional Income to Farmers, Fisherfolks, Resort Operators, Junk Dealers, Women

and EntrepreneursC ha nge in Attitude/CASH…Competitive, Attitude, Skills, Habit in Waste ManagementE co logical Soundness/Empowered People to enforce law together with LGU/Economic

Enterprise out of Garbage

2. Greater Awareness of ISWM

And indeed, “PALACE” has many tangible images in this town. Compared to two years ago, there is wide community awareness and acceptance of ISWM. It has become a way of life for many residents. Ninety (90%) percent of residents comply with garbage segregation


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at source. There is 70% compliance with composting of bio-degradable waste in household backyards, and there are fewer houses without sanitary toilets in the fi ve coastal barangays.

3. Less Congestion and Fewer Accidents

There is less congestion in the public market area and a reported reduction in vehicular accidents. Even the central business district is now clean and orderly.

4. Increase in Revenue

Local revenue collection has also improved. From 2001 to the fi rst quarter of 2003, the LGU generated PhP 191,891 from garbage collection fee, PhP 42,973.39 from penalties and PhP40,210 from environmental fee.

Earning a Good Reputation, Setting an Example The municipality of Linamon has turned its reputation around, from being the dirtiest to being the cleanest municipality in Lanao Del Norte, not to mention a popular learning site for other LGUs.

REPLICATING BALAK

Key Implementation Steps

Based on the experience of Linamon, replication can be guided by the following key implementation steps:

1. Initiate the Preparatory Work for Setting up the Program: Initial Planning and Conceptualization

• Conduct an Orientation Seminar on Integrated Solid Waste Management for key LGU Personnel who will be involved in the Program

• Conduct a Quick Rapid Appraisal (QRA) to come up with a solid waste/garbage situationer (e.g, data on the magnitude and types of solid waste).

• Create an initial task force on solid waste management that can take charge of preparatory activities

• Develop an initial plan of action in relation to preparatory activities in development of ISWM.



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2. Conduct a series of Capability Building Activities that will inform the development of a strategic plan and the ISWM program

• Important topics include, Social Marketing (communication and advocacy); Mapping/re-routing of garbage collection, ISWM Trainors training and Skills training for the deputized enforcers on Sanitation Code and ISWM

• Can do a Study Tour/Lakbay Cross Visit to other successful ISWM in the country

3. Facilitate the enactment of appropriate ordinances and the issuance of appropriate administrative orders:

• Municipal ISWM Ordinance (to include prohibitions and penalties in solid waste management)

• Administrative Order directing the re-organization, expansion and strengthening of the Linamon Task Force on Integrated Solid Waste Management.

• Other related ordinances

4. Set Up the Management Structure and Enforcers Team

• Strengthen and consolidate Task Force on Integrated Solid Waste Management into a Management Board to include an active LGU-citizen partnership

• Deploy enforcers team to their assigned areas.

5. Implement an Intensive Advocacy, Education and Information Campaign, which can include:

• Conduct a trainors training for education team members and an Orientation-Seminar Workshops for the teachers of public schools.

• Develop information materials (e.g, fl yers, billboards, newletters, stickers) to be distributed to business establishments, households and public utilities ( i.e. buses, jeepneys etc).

• Incorporate a basic ISWM orientation course in the pre-marriage counseling services and the issuance of municipal permits (business, building/zoning)

• Conduct of barangay/purok level clean-and-green

6. Set Up the Material, Composting/Demonstration Center/Pilot Farm, which may mean:

• Fabrication and distribution of garbage receptacles• Acquisition of 2.2 hectares site for Ecological Solid Waste Management – recycling

and composting site.• Site development and the construction of Material Recovery Center• Acquisition of a mini dump truck exclusively use for garbage collection and shredder• Extension of technical assistance to households in the construction of mini-compost


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pits or provide commodity assistance in the construction of water sealed toilets or communal comfort rooms for poor families

The biggest expense goes to the setting up of the engineering and physical facilities, while the expense for capacity building can be reduced depending on the program that would be implemented by the local government unit. Expenses can be shared with the private sector; particularly the expenses on the following:

a) Construction and operation of backyard compost pits and provision of own portable garbage containers and supplies for garbage selection at source.

b) Labor and other materials for the construction of water sealed toilets in the case of low income/poor households with no sanitary toilets.

7. Implement the Municipal Sanitation Code and ISWM Ordinances fully, which include:

• Deputizing law enforcers who can issue citation tickets to residents violating provisions of the Sanitation Code and ISWM ordinances.

• Conducting inspections of all households in relation to their compliance of sanitary toilets and 1x1x1 compost pit.

• Assigning municipal employees and offi cials including Barangay and Purok offi cials to take charge of cleaning particular areas of municipal streets and canals.

• Conducting inspection of all PUJs and PUBs as to the compliance on trash receptacles. Each team has their own schedule of day where they are going to conduct inspection in all PUJs and PUBs. Municipal offi cials assisted the operation.

8. Set up a monitoring and evaluation systems (e.g., monthly reports and customer feedback surveys) and monitor progress monthly and evaluate program

BALAK’s operations in one of the barangays


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Key Implementation Stage Timeline Estimated budget required

1. Planning /Conceptualization 2 weeks PhP 60,000 – 65,000

2. Capability building (trainings, seminars, and workshops on Strategic Planning and Facilitation skills, Social marketing- Communication and advocacy); Integrated Solid Waste Management- ISWM Trainors Training)

3-4 weeks PhP 200,000- 250,000

3. Setting up of Management Structure 1 week PhP 3,000- 5,000

4. Enactment of Municipal Ordinance 2 months PhP 50,000-60,000

5. Advocacy 5 months PhP 60,000

6. Setting up of engineering and physical facilities

3 months PhP 500000 – 700000

7. Implementation of Municipal Sanitation Code and ISWM

PhP 20,000

8. Monitoring and Evaluation Semi Annual

Table 1. Reference Matrix for Replication


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Lessons and Insights for Replication To ensure the program’s success and sustainability, LGUs replicating the program need to keep in mind the following lessons gathered from the Linamon experience.

According to the LGU of Linamon, these are the most important ingredients needed for a program like BALAK to succeed:

1. Teamwork among LGU offi cials and employees including Barangay offi cials

2. Strong political will of the Municipal Mayor despite political risks

3. Support of Vice Mayor, Sangunian, & ABC to push implementation of the BALAK Program

4. Participatory process involving various stakeholders (Churches, Academe, CSO, Puroks, Volunteers) in project planning, implementation and enforcement

5. Project Advocacy/IEC to generate people support

6. Technical competence and commitment of the staff involved in the project.

ANNEXESTURNING GARBAGE INTO GOLD

THE BASURA ATRAS LINAMON ABANTE SA KALAMBOAN (BALAK) PROGRAM

Linamon, Lanao del Norte


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Annex A: Sample Municipal Sanitation Code & Resolution on Integrated Solid Waste Management

Sample Municipal Sanitation Code & Resolution with information on:• Declaration of Policy• Relation to existing national laws and prior ordinances• Objectives• Rules of Construction• Info on Garbage Collection and disposal, littering, construction of toilet, smoking ban,

urinating in prohibited places, food establishment, anti- street hazards, vandalism, special provisions, fi nal provisions

This document is required in the implementation of the project and falls under Step # 3. (Enactment of Municipal ISWM Ordinance and Issuance of Administrative Order).


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EXCERPTS FROM THE MINUTES OF THE REGULAR SESSION OF THESANGGUNIANG BAYAN OF LINAMON, LANAO DEL NORTE, HELD IN ITS SESSION

HALL, ON WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1998.

PRESENT: Hon. Roque S. Chan, Municipal Vice Mayor, Presiding Hon. Estrella B. Lacida, Sangguniang Bayan Member Hon. Noel N. Deaño, Sangguniang Bayan Member Hon. Gerardo V. Macas, Jr. Sangguniang Bayan Member Hon. Lucia Dominga J. Macapil Sangguniang Bayan Member Hon. Roel R. Pestolante Sangguniang Bayan Member Hon. Procopio V. Chang Sangguniang Bayan Member

ABSENT: Hon. Gamaliel D. Montud, on leave Sangguniang Bayan Member Hon. Robert 0. Matalines, on leave Sangguniang Bayan Member Hon. Elias D. Montud, sick leave Sangguniang Bayan Member Hon. Lucino T. Repayo, leave Sangguniang Bayan Member

RESOLUTION NO. 51SERIES OF 1998

WHEREAS, the Sangguniang Bayan of the Municipality of Linamon, Lanao del Norte has enacted the Municipal Sanitation Code to provide special protection to residents and visitors;

WHEREAS, it is the responsibility of the local government to effectively and effi ciently implement the Solid Waste Management;

WHEREAS, there is a need to practice the waste segregation to facilitate reuse and recycling and reduce the cost of collection and disposal of garbage;

WHEREFORE, on motion of Kagawad Lucia Dominga J. Macapil, duly seconded by Kagawad Noel N. Deaño, it was RESOLVED, as it is hereby resolved to enact the following Municipal Ordinance:


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ORDINANCE NO. 5, s. 1998AN ORDINANCE ADOPTING THE INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT OF

LINAMON, LANAO DEL NORTE

ARTICLE ITitle of the Ordinance

Section 1. TITLE — This Ordinance shall be known as the Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) Ordinance of the Municipality of Linamon, Lanao del Norte and hereinafter referred as “Ordinance.”

ARTICLE IICoverage

Section 2. This Ordinance shall apply to all residential houses, commercial establishments, such as hotels, resorts, recreational center, restaurants, cinema houses, public markets, department stores, groceries, sari-sari stores, stalls, shops, vendors, parlors, discos, dancing hall, and other commercial establishments in general, institutions like hospitals, clinics, funeral parlor, schools, churches, public and private offi ces, industrial establishments like slaughterhouses, piggeries, transportation facilities like banca (motorized or non-motorized), buses, jeepneys, taxis, tricycles, hauler trucks, boats, etc., and agricultural areas.

ARTICLE IIIAuthority and Purpose/Goals

Section 3. Authority — This Ordinance is enacted to supplement the provision of existing laws and ordinances related to Solid Waste Management.

Section 4. Purpose — This Ordinance is enacted for the following purpose:

a. To guide, control and regulate the generation, storage, collection, transportation and disposal of solid waste within the locality and promote an orderly sanitary system for the same.

b. To enhance the total environment of the locality through the necessary control and mitigation of negative environment impacts of solid waste.

c. To promote and protect the health, safety, peace and convenience and general welfare of the inhabitants of the municipality.

d. To minimize generation of solid waste and maximize possible resource recovery/recycling and utilization by:


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• maximizing the use of goods and consumption of foods;• allocating fair inputs in the production of goods, foods and services;• encouraging the salvaging of possible “revocable” from solid wastes for re¬use and/

or recycling back to production process;• encouraging the recycling and resource recovery of wastes in own backyard through

composting and biogas production; and• providing assistance and cooperation in the recycling of solid waste in disposal

sites.

Section 5. Goal — The primary goal of this Ordinance is to enhance ecological balance of the community through sustainable and integrated waste management.

Section 6. Objectives — The Objectives of this Ordinance are the following

a. To ensure round-the-clock cleanliness through orderly waste management.b. To cease and desist from utilization of open garbage dumps which serve as breeding

places of insect causing disease, foul odors and harmful fumes, emit “greenhouse gases” which contribute to global warming and thinning of the ozone layer, generate “leachate” which pollute soil and water resources; and creates unhealthy scavenging activities in the vicinity;

c. To eradicate unsightly, uncovered and overfl owing waste containers in streets, public places, and open spaces;

d. To maximize and optimize sanitary resource recovery for feeds, fuel, materials, energy, etc. and

e. To minimize pollution arising from harmful gases, smoke, particulate produced by needless burning/dumping, polluted runoffs into water sources/supply; and hazardous substances.

ARTICLE IVDefi nition of Terms

Section 7. Technical Terms. As used in this ordinance, the following technical terms shall be defi ned as follows:

a. Biodegradable — any material that can be reduced into fi ner particles (degraded or decomposed) by microbiological organisms or enzymes (synonymous with compostable).

b. Biogas digester — are two (2) kinds the “p050-negro” Taiwan type or the above-ground portable Valderia model. Biogas is a mixture of methane, carbon dioxide, and traces of inert gases produced by the fermentation of animal manure organic waste in an airtight digester chamber.


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c. Compost — decayed organic material for use as soil conditioner or fertilizer.

d. Composting — biological degradation under controlled conditions; the process of making biodegradables such as food waste, garden waste, animal waste, human waste into compost by mixing them with soil, water biological additives/activators (optional) and air.

e. Domestic Waste — is the refuse from households, as distinguished from industrial waste, agricultural waste, hospital waste, etc. which may be classifi ed as biodegradable (compostable) or non-biodegradable (non-compostable).

f. Enzymes — a protein produced by cells, with substances to initiate or accelerate chemical reactions in plants or animal matter, acting like an organic catalyst.

g. Factory returnable — all non-biodegradable, non-compostables such as tin cans/metals; bottles/glass including broken pieces; plastic/styrofoam/rubber/dry paper/dry cardboard/dry cloth/fi bers/leather/feather/had shell1s/hard bones, etc. which are segregated in separate containers or placed in one sack (cans, bottles, containers already rinsed) and are sold/given away to collectors.

h. Feed materials — all food waste, peelings, vegie trims, fi sh entrails, fowl innards, spoiled fruits, leftovers, egg, shells, rice/fi sh/meat washings, etc. that should be collected and kept in covered containers as hog/chicken/duck/pets/fi sh feeds.

i. Fermentables — fruit peelings, spoiled or over-ripe fruits, juices e.g. buko juice, etc. are made into vinegar, wine, or “nata-de-coco”, etc.

j. Fertilizer materials -. all compostables or biodegradables such as garden waste, (leaves, twigs, weeds), animal waste (manure, carcasses), human waste (feces, urine, blood, all excreta, soiled wipes, pads, diapers (remove plastic portions) etc., are made into compost for organic.

k. Filling materials — if effort are exerted to fi nd, not only the maximum but also the optimum use of waste, hardly any will be left as fi lling material. Such materials may be compacted, mixed with rice chaff and “binders” and use for appropriate construction projects.

Fine crafts — many of the non-biodegradables could be used materials for handicrafts, cottage industries, art works, toys and other livelihood projects such as peper mache, paper basketry, tin craft, metal craft, plastic twine or rope, braids, leather crafts, wooden crafts, even “lahar” crafts, styrofoam of “binder” for many of the projects.

m. Food materials — include certain kinds of seeds, pulp, peelings, that are made into pickles, “sweets” or candies, or snacks.


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n. Functional facilities/equipment — useful equipment/facilities devised or created from discards, throwaways, junks, scraps e.g. chairs, tables, doormats, play equipment from rubber tires, roofi ng from milk cans, fl ower pots, “planters” from plastic bags, sacks, containers, etc.

o. Green charcoal — another form of fuel or grass charcoal, manufactured from compostable organic, celluloic materials with the use of enzymes to break down the lignin or binding materials, after which it is molded and dried then used in charcoal-fed stoves.

p. Hazardous waste — special types of waste containing the chemical, biological, and radiological elements which are harmful to human health.

q. Incineration — the controlled process by which combustible wastes are burned and change into gases and residues that contains little or no combustible materials.

r. Landfi ll leachate — the downward seeping of water through the landfi ll carrying with it the dissolved water soluble contents of the waste which may be collected by the undersigned drainage or water system.

s. Putrescible — a substance that decomposes at a certain temperature in contact with air and moisture generally containing nitrogen.

t. Recycling — the reuse, retrieval, re commission of element/matter for any and all purposes necessary to healthful and productive living, the process by which waste materials are transformed into new products in such a manner that the origjnal products may loss their identity.

u. Resource recovery — the extraction of materials or energy from wastes.

v. Solid waste — this includes anything thrown away, such as garbage, rubbish, trash, litter, junk and refuse from any source homes, businesses, farms, industries or institutions); this is a discarded material with insuffi cient liquid content to fl ow. Examples are those non-liquid wastes resulting from the domestic, commercial, agricultural and industrial activities which can be divided into several components under two (2) broad categories:

• Bio-degradable — compostable-putrescible. There are four (4) groups of waste under this category such as : (a) food (cooking) waste/kitchen waste; peelings, leftovers, vegetables trims, fi sh/fowl/meat/animal entrails/innards/cleanings, soft shells, seeds, etc. (b) agricultural (garden) waste; leaves/fl owers/twigs, branches, stems, roots, trimmings, weeds, seeds/inedible fruits, etc., (c) animal waste; manure/urine carcasses, etc. and (d) human waste; excreta, soiled pads, sanitary napkins, etc.


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• Non-biodegradable — compostable-putrescible. There are ten (10) groups of waste under this category : (a) metals; tin cans, aluminum, iron, lead, copper, silver, etc., (b) glasses; bottles, pullets (broken glass), sheets (shards), mirrors, bulbs, etc.; (c) plastics; polyethylene (bags) polypropylene (straws/jute sacks/containers) polyurethane (foam, mattresses), polystyrene (styrofoam), polyvinyl (tubes, pipes, linoleum) polyacetate (fi bers, cloth, rayon) etc., (d) rubber (natural and synthetic); tires, goods, etc., (e) papers; dry papers, cardboards, etc., (f) dry processed fi bers; cloth twine, etc., (g) dry leathers; skin feathers, etc.; (h) hard shells; (I) bones; and (j) rocks.

w. Solid Waste Management — the purposeful, systematic control of the generation, storage, collection, transport, separation, processing, recycling, rc~r’n~i~r~i ~r~rl fi n.91 dicnnc~I nf ~r~Jid w~ct~

x. Sorting of source — the segregation or separation of waste at the point of generation or at the very place where they are produced into biodegradable and non-biodegradable.

y. Recycling of domestic waste — the full utilization of domestic waste into factory returnables (around 50-60%), feed (about 20%), fertilizer (about 30%), fuels, fi ne crafts, fermentable, etc. with little left for fi lling materials (proportions vary with the kind of community, the more affl uent the more factory returnables). This includes both man-devised and nature design.

z. Zero waste resource management system — is an ecological method of handling waste that does not degrade the environment nor pollute air, water, and soil, and facilitate their sanitary retrieval, reuse or recycling.

aa. Clinics — a facility for diagnosis and treatment of usually walk-in or outpatients include among others veterinary, dentist and other related services.

bb. Department Stores — a store selling wide variety of goods and arrange in many departments.

cc. Domestic Waste — is the refuse from households as distinguished from industrial waste, agricultural waste, hospital waste, etc. which may be classifi ed as biodegradable (compostable) or non-biodegradable (non-compostable).

dd. Eateries/Carenderia — refer to small eating places that serve light meals usually without so much amenities (no air conditioner) accommodates fewer people.

ee. Entertainment House — this include KTV, disco houses and related establishments.


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ff. Individual — refers to any person who is within the vicinity of Linamon that includes both the residents and transient.

gg. Mill/Dryers — refer to the facilities handling agricultural product such as rice, corn, and other related farm produce for milling.

hh. Offi ces — refers to establishment where particular kind of business and services are supplied such as government offi ces and other related offi cial both public and private.

ii. Open Dump Site — any area or space (public or private) utilized as dumping ground ~f unsegregated waste.

jj. Resort — frequently visited area which provide recreation entertainment and shall include among others beach resort related places.

kk. Residential House — refer to a temporary or permanent dwelling occupied by one or more persons.

II. Restaurants — refer to larger eating places with more services and amenities offered such as meetings, conferences and meetings and other related activities.

mm. Store — a business establishment where usually diversifi ed goods are for retail sale which include among others the following establishment such as market stall, sari-sari store, tailoring shop, bake shops, grocery stores, drugstore and other related establishments.

nn. Recreational Centers — shall include among others the sports facilities such as tennis courts, basketball courts, gyms, billiard centers and other related activities.

Section 8. WASTE GENERATION AND STORAGE — there shall be generation and storage of waste in the followi~ig manner:

Section 8.1 Residential Areas:

a. Residents must segregate their generated solid waste into biodegradable or compostable and non-biodegradable/non-compostable. A separate receptacle must be provided for non-biodegradable, recycle non-biodegradable, discarded non~biodegradable and Toxic and Hazardous Waste (THW).

b. The concerned resident shall ensure that the generated solid waste shall be properly separated in three (3) enclosed containers for recoverables, leftovers/compostables and


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others. The leftovers or kitchen refuse shall either be directly given to the animals as feeds or stored temporarily for composting and/or biogas production.

c. Residents shall choose proper containers such as cans, sacks, bags, etc., that will facilitate sanitary, effi cient handling, storage, collection, transport or disposal at least cost. Food waste shall be placed in covered cans or pails. Garden and human waste in sacks, cans and bags; and the non-compostables in either sacks, bags or boxes.

d. Public thoroughfares and grounds in front or in the vicinity of residential houses, shall be kept clean and tidy by the owner/lessee of the house or/building at all times,

e. Trees, shrubs and other vegetation within the vicinity of residents shall be regularly cared for and maintained to minimize generated wastes/yard wastes and unpleasant sight.

f. The use of non-biodegradable disposal materials (e.g. plastic ~ased, styrofoam-based) must at all cost be minimized.

g. The use of biodegradable food liners, wrappers and containers must be maximized.

h. Toxic and hazardous waste must be collected and stored in sealed bag~/containers prior to collection.

Section 8.2 Commercial Areas and Markets:

a. The separate storage receptacle for segregated commercial wastes must be individual and must be kept within the premise prior to collection.

b. The use of biodegradable wrapper or bags (e.g. for dry goods/products, paper based wrappers must be used) are practical and must be maxiniized.

c. The use of plastic bags or sacks for storage of segregated commercial waste must be kept prior to the collection of waste.

d. The lobby and immediate grounds of commercial establishments must be materialized clean and presentable by the owner/operator/lessee of the establishment.

e. The fronting sidewalk and immediate areas of stall/open spaces of markets must be kept clean and orderly by the lessee the said stall/space at all times.

a. The head of any institution/industrial fi rm must ensure proper and hygienic storage of generated and segregated wastes in receptacles which must be kept within the premise prior to collection.


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b. The head of any institution/industrial fi rm must ensure the cleanliness and orderliness of its facilities/yards and its facilities fronting sidewalk and streets.

c. Toxic and Hazardous wastes (infectious, chemical, biological, radioactive substances) must be stored (in a durable and covered receptacles) collected, transported and disposed of in accordance with applicable laws, guidelines, rules and regulations of the Environment Management Bureau (EMB-DENR) and Philippine Nuclear Research and Institute (PNRI). Refer to Republic Act 6969 otherwise known as Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act of 1990).

d. Hospital, pharmaceutical, funeral wastes must be stored, collected, transported and disposed of in accordance with the guidelines, rules and regulations of the Department of Health (DOH). (refer to the manual on Hospital Waste Management, P.D. ~ known as Sanitation Code of the Philippines).

e. The disposal of Toxic and Hazardous Wastes (THW’s) must be taken cared of by the concerned fi rm.

Section 8.4 Transport Facilities:

a. Human Transports Facilities (Terminals, Buses, Jeepneys, Taxis, Tricycles, Ships and Boats).

1. Separate receptacles for biodegradable and non-biodegradable must be installed within the terminal by the operators/owners/drivers.

2. There must be at least one (1) waste receptacles with cover for biodegradable and non — biodegradable waste inside a facility that is accessible to all passengers.

3. Operators/owners/drivers must clean the waste receptacle and sorted and transfer it located at the terminal, within the designated areas.

Section 8.5 Parks, Public Open Spaces and Thoroughfares:

a. Theft-proof receptacles for biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste must be provided in strategic location/points by the local government.

b. The anti-littering law must be strictly observed and enforced.


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Section 8.6 Agricultural Areas (including farms for livestock, poultry, etc.)

Homogeneous agricultural waste (rice, straws, corn cobs, leaves and animal manure) must be properly stockpiled/stored by the concerned farmer.

Section 9. WASTE PROCESSING AND RESOURCE RECOVERY. There shall be a method of waste processing and resource recovery in the following manner:

a. Segregated recyclable must be properly stored before collection. These recyclable must be collected separately and brought to processing/recycling centers, eco-centers or junk dealers.

b. Food and Kitchen refuse must be collected as fodder or feeds for animals. Those portions that are not suitable as fodder must be composted.

c. Residents must avoid open burning and dumping and adopt recycling, practicing the F’s scheme (feed, fermentables, food, fuel and factory returnables). Fuel materials from household consist of two kinds:

a.) fi rewood materials — consist of twigs, branches, leaves, husks, shells, cobs, shaft, saw dust, wood shavings soiled papers, bagasse, stalks, etc. and

b.) fl ammable gas-produced by anaerobic decomposition for biomass on biodegradable materials in biogas digester.

c.) Reuse of recyclable non-biodegradable must be maximized. Sorted metal and plastic containers can be recycled as substitute pots for plants. Used tires can be used as playground material or stocked strUcture for backyard composting.

d.) All other recyclable and Toxic and hazardous.

Section 9.2 Commercial Areas and Market

a. Segregation of waste from small commercial establishments (stores, stalls, eateries) market must be mandatory before issuance or renewal of business permits. Likewise the same is required with medium and by commercial establishment (grocery stores, department stores, malls) plus a diagrammatic Solid Waste Management scheme must be provided.

b. Food waste from commercial centers (e.g. food centers, restaurants, canteen) must be collected and disposed prior to the scheduled collection of waste.


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Section 9.3 Industrial/Institutional

In Industrial establishments, segregation of biodegradable, compostable and non-biodegradable waste must be transformed to avoid foul odors and proliferation of fl ies. A diagrammatic Solid Waste Management scheme must be submitted prior to issuance and renewal of permit.

Schools (both private and public) and offi ces must adopt appropriate resource recovery and recycling strategies.

Section 9.4 Parks, Public Open Spaces and thoroughfares

a. Discarded biodegradables and non-biodegradables must be collected and submitted to the processing center.

b. Recyclable and factory returnables must be sorted further and brought to the processing, recycling centers or park shops.

a. Recyclable and factory returnables from designated station along thoroughfares, port docks must be brought back to the processing centers or junk shops.

b. Disposal of toxic hazardous waste must be taken cared of by the credited transport vehicle to existing every trash can.

c. There shall be always a sign of “Please throw garbage here”

d. Agricultural Areas (including farms for livestocks, poultry) agricultural wastes, e.g. rice straws, corn cobs, must not be dumped but be stockpiled in a proper location and composted. Animal manure can also be composted or used for biogas production.

Section 10. There shall be established Municipal Redemption Center (MRC) and Composting Center.

a. This is the facility of the Municipal government for the processing and trading of recyclables and also the storage to toxic hazardous waste from households, institutions and commercial establishments. This center can be either operated in Local Government Unit, a cooperative, private groups, NGO’s and the barangay government itself or a joint venture of the said group. There shall have a barangay and purok collection system of the recyclable and toxic hazardous waste by establishing a work of registered handcart/pushcart.


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The center shall have the following components:

Receiving SectionProcessing SectionStorage, Display and Marketing SectionDiscarded Material SectionComposting AreaOffi ceCollection of recyclable waste materials shall be collected once a week in the Poblacion and once a week in the barangay.

Biodegradable:

The collection shall be ran by the Municipal government which is composed of transport vehicles 9compactor or dumptruck and pushcart) and complement of three personnel (driver and (2) aides) and one (1) pushcart collector respectively in each barangay.

Section 11. Collection and Transportation of Solid Waste.

There shall be a system of proper collection and transportation of solid waste in the following manner:

11.1 Residential Areas:

a. The concerned resident shall ensure that the solid waste be brought out in front of his gate/door and/or along the route for the collection vehicle/cart, during the collection period.

b. He/she shall report to the Offi ce of the Municipal Health Offi cer or concerned offi cial for any uncollected solid waste within the vicinity of his/her residence.

c. Garbage not segregated and placed in approved containers by the local government, shall not be collected and shall be served as disposed of in violation of the anti-littering provision of this ordinance and shall be penalized accordingly.

d. The specifi c date and hour of garbage collection in particular locations shall be scheduled and announced for strict compliance of all concerned.

11.2Commercial Areas:

The owner/operator/lessee of any enterprise must be responsible for the timely positioning of stored sorted solid waste during collection period which will be made known in advance by the proper authorities.


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Which will likewise assist wherever necessary in the sanitary means of loading waste for collection purposes.

In any case that the discarded solid waste from the commercial establishments exceed the maximum volume of waste to be collected which will be determined by the Municipal Government, the concern establishment must be responsible for the transportation and disposal of its excess solid wastes.He/she must remind the offi ce concern in the collection of uncollected solid waste and other related matters.

11 .3 Institutional/Industrial Areas

The head if any institution/industrial establishment must see to it that the segregated solid waste are moved out for strictly waste collection/time/period at the designated collection area.

The collection and transportation of any hazardous waste (tf necessary) must be duly coordinated with the government agencies concerned with such type of waste.

11.4 Parks, Public Open Spaces, and thoroughfareslTransport Facilities

Collection and transportation of solid waste from the transfer stations will be done either by the Barangay Collection System or Municipal Collection System and must be brought to the processing center.

Section 12. DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTES — there shall be proper disposal of Solid Waste in the following manner:

12.1 Residential, Commercial Establishment and Institutions

a. Incineration, burning, or open dumping of solid waste is strictly prohibited residuals or discarded biodegradables and non-biodegradable after resource recovery, recycling and posting must be disposed off in the Municipal Disposal Facility.

b. Where space is available, all discarded biodegradable must be properly composted for use as fertilizer in backyard gardens, orchard or ornamental.

c. All r.ecyclables factory returnables and toxic hazardous wastes must be brought to the processing center.


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Hazardous waste must be incinerated or burned only after getting the proper assistance and guidance from concerned government agencies. Like Environmental Management Bureau (EMB-DENR), Department of Health (DOH), and Philippine Nuclear Research and Institute (PNRI).

ARTICLE VIUSER FEES FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICES

Section 13. GARBAGE FEES — There shall be garbage fee on the collection of garbage in the following manner:

13.1 Residential Areas:

a. A payment of P 5.00/family/monthb. Payment could be the amount of recyclable waste of materials or in term of cashc. Issuance of garbage fee receipt upon payment

13.2 Store

a. Payment of P 30.00/monthb. The amount of recyclable waste material could be a payment in term of cashd. Issuance of garbage fee receipt upon payment

13.3 Eat?ries/Carenderias:

a. Payment of P 40.00/monthb The amount of recyclable waste material could be a payment in term of cashc. Issuance of garbage fee receipt upon payment

13.4 Entertainment House/Training House

a. Payment of P 50.00/monthb. The amount of recyclable waste material could be a payment in term of cash

13.5 Comm?rcial/Industrial Establishment

Shall be charged the annual fee/tax pursuant to Section 64 of the 1988 Local Tax of the municipality to supplement other sources of revenues for the operations and maintenance of the Solid Waste Management System.


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ARTICLE VII

Section 14 — Any act done in violation of this ordinance shall subject the offender (s) to the following penalties:

1. For individuals, vendor, market stalls, sari-sari stores, churches and residential houses, trisikads, non — motorized bancas and the like

1st Offense - P50.O0fi ne 2nd Offense - 100.00 fi ne 3rd Offense - 300.00 fi ne

and one (1) day seminar on 1st and 2nd offense Solid Waste Management (SWM) and imprisonment on 3~’ offenses of one day but not more than fi ve (5) days or both upon discretion of the court

2. For eateries, carenderias, dress/tailoring shops, parlor/beauty shops, bakeshops, schools~ KTV, Jeepneys, PU, private vehicle, coconut plantation owners and the like:

istOffense - P100.O0fi ne 2’~ Offense - 200.00 fi ne 3rd Offense - 300.00 fi ne

and one (1) day seminar on 1st and 2nd offense Solid Waste Management (SWM) and imprisonment on 3rd offense of fi ve days but not exceeds ten (10) days or both upon discretion of the court.

3. For offi ce (either public or private) drugstore/pharmacies/buses, clinic (public or private) terminals, mill/dryers, transient trucks, grocery stores, restaurants, training house. Offense - P300.O0fi ne 2~ Offense - 400.00 fi ne 3rd Offense - 500.O0fi ne

and one (1) day seminar on Solid Waste Management (SWM) on 1st and 2nd offense and imprisonment on 3rd offense of fi ve days but not more than ten (10) days or both upon discretion of the court.

ARTICLE VIIIEDUCATION COMPONENT

Section 15 — There shall be a required Integrated Solid Waste Management(ISWM) in the elementary and high school curricular through Department of EducationCulture and Sports (DECS), Commission on Higher Education, Technical EducationSkills Development Authority (TESDA) and non-formal education.


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15.1 Integrated Solid Waste Management in the community outreach programs of the school, civic organization, religious groups, NGO’s, P0’s, GSP & BSP.

15.2 Mayor, Vice Mayor, DECS Teachers, Head of different sections, departments, SB Chairman of Sanitation and Environment must take the lead in modeling of the project in the municipality.

Section 16 — There shall be a maximized dissemination of Solid Waste Management (SM) through the use of communication (like fi lms) and print (handouts, brochures, comics, billboards, signboards, stickers, & t-shirt).

1. Promote Solid Waste Management through stickers, poster or signboards in the designated places and the use of recorida.

2. Garbage trucks/compactor should be equipped with devices indicating the collection.

Section 17 — Seminars and trainings shall be conducted in various sector (e.g. teachers, NGO’s, religious groups, civic organization, P0’s, puroks, schools, PNP, Senior Citizen and Veterans’s Group).

1. Organize Solid Waste Management Speakers Bureau in each barangay/purok.

2. In service trainings for teachers who are going to educate/teach about solid waste management to students, parents and community.

3. Conduct seminars on solid waste management for commercial/industrial establishment prior to issuance of business permits.

Section 18. — There shall be established a center for Environmental Education Development.

18.1 Include research on technology transfer, development of arts and crafts, preventive and mitigating measures.

18.2 Put up areas, library, visual aids, miniature, model, etc.

18.3 Create a documentation section that will record and monitor all activities and progress.


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ARTICLE IXENFORCEMENT COMPONENT

Section 19. There shall be a Deputization on Ourok leaders, Barangay Health Workers, Civic and religious organization, NGO’s, P0’s Teacher Enablers, Youth Leaders, Drivers, Women Leaders, Senior Citizen Leaders and ISWM Task Force.

19.1 Community empowerment through citizen’s arrest in the enforcement and monitoring of Solid Waste Management Ordinance/Laws.

19.2 Issuance of ID’s/mayor’s Appointment

Section 20. There shall be established a network of Barangay based council as extension of the Integrated Solid Waste Management Council at the barangay level.

1. Establish a communication network through center and hotlines to facilitate fast and effective monitoring. I

2. Promote implementation through contest (e.g. cleanest and greenest or dirtiest) with incentives/prizes to those who implement the project.

3. Adopt a system of apprehension and prosecution Drivers, passengers, helpers, conductors shall be line separately Issuance of citation ticket (penalties)

Filing of case through appropriate court by Municipal Environmental and Sanitation Offi cer (MESO) on the violator/s

No issuance/renewal of business permit without clearance from the MESO

Renewal and new business permit should secure at a purok and barangay clearance

4. Allocation of budget for Solid Waste Management program through the Municipal Government and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR).

5. Establish a Trust Fund for Solid Waste Management through the council from Municipal and National Government Funds, Grants, Solicitation, donation proceeds.

a. Penalties generated from enforcement of this ordinance will be accrued to the trust fund.

b. Business establishment representatives must bear their respective expenses incurred during the conduct of the training.


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Violation and Penalty

Section 1. Any individual, person or persons in charge of the operations and maintenance of an establishment/fi rms/facility who violates any of the provisions of this ordinance shall upon conviction be penalized by a fi ne not less than P 250.00 or not more than P 1,500.00 or by imprisonment of not less than ten (10) days nor more than two (2) months or both and imprisonment at the discretion of the court, without prejudice to the imposition of s higher penalty or decree such indicated in the second paragraph of Section 2 of PD 825 (anti-littering) which states “If a violator is a corporation, fi rm or other corporate entities, the maximum penalty shall be based upon the president, manager, director or persons responsible for its operations”.

For habitual violators, who are willfully violating any provision of this ordinance shall upon conviction be penalized for a fi ne of not less than P 500.00 or not more than P 1,500.00 or by imprisonment of not less than (15) days and not more than six (6) months or both at the discretion of the court.

Section 2. The Municipal Government shall create an inspection unit under the Environmental Sanitation Offi ce with the primary task of apprehending violators of the anti-littering provision, and of persons who do not maintain garbage receptacles within their premises or who allow littering therein, violators shall be issued apprehension tickets by the inspection unit of the ESO.

ARTICLE XIFinal Provision

Section 1. AU provisions of existing municipal ordinances, orders or regulations inconsistent herewith, are hereby amended/modifi ed or repealed accordingly.

ARTICLE XIIEffectivity

Section 1. This Municipal Ordinance shall take effect upon its approval. Unanimously carried.

CERTIFIED CORRECT:

(SGD)LILIA MASLOG-DAPUNANSecretary to the Sangguniang Bayan

ATTESTED: APPROVED:

(SGD) ROQUE S. CHAN (SGD) ALEJANDRO C. ALFECHEMunicipal Vice Mayor/ Presiding Offi cer Municipal Mayor


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Annex B: Sample Citation ticket for violators

Sample Citation ticket issued to violators by the Deputized Enforcer based on the Municipal Sanitation Code and Municipal ISWM Ordinance.

Date post:	07-Mar-2016
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