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HUMAN

TRAFFICKING

CONTENT

• WHAT is human trafficking?• WHO suffers?• WHO perpetrates? • HOW are individuals victimized? • WHAT are the recent statistics on the issue?• WHY does the problem exist and persist?• WHAT do Scripture and Catholic Teaching say?• HOW can we help eliminate it?• WHAT progress has Canada made?• WHO is already helping?  

What is human Trafficking?

      Human trafficking is defined as 

a) sex trafficking in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud or coercion,  or in which the person included to perform such an act has not attained 18 years of age.

b) the recruitment, harbouring, transportation,provision, or obtaining of a personfor labour or services, through the use offorce, fraud, or coercion for the purposeof subjection to involuntary servitude,peonage, debt bondage, or slavery.

-  Trafficking In Persons Report, 2008

A Closer Look

• Sexual Exploitation

- Prostitution

- Exotic Dancers/ Entertainers

- Escorts

- Mail-order Brides

- Child Brides

- Explicit filming (pornography)

• Forced Labour or Services - Domestic servants - Unpaid or underpaid work - Farm work - Construction work - Factory work - Street peddling and begging - Child workers - Adoption - Child soldiers - Forced organ removal

Two Main Forms of Exploitation Resulting from Human Trafficking

The Victims

Primary Vs. Secondary

Primary:  Individuals suffering through direct involvement. 

Secondary: Friends, families, schools, churches, communities.

Refugees and displaced persons due to war, natural disasters, etc.

The uneducated and naive

Those living in poverty

All persons, but most prominently:

women and children

TouristsThe

socially excluded

Runaways

Those dealing with

discrimination

Widowed, divorced or unmarried women

Addicts

Victims of abuse

The Perpetrators

Organized gangs and crime groups Established trafficking

network agents

Drug peddlers

Weapon smugglers

Impresarios

Local recruiters

Transporters & Taxi drivers

Corrupt officials Employment

agents

Brothel/Bar madams or

owners

Pedophiles

Service or Entertainment promotersSalespersons/customers

of Black Market

Risks and LossesWhat risks are victims subject to, and what damage do

they suffer?

Risks For All Victims of Trafficking:

• Low, withheld or no wages• Hazardous work environments• Malnutrition• Lack of medical attention• All forms of abuse and increased susceptibility to abuse• Trauma (leading to the development of mental illness)• Community ostracism• Economic integration difficulty• Ruined self image, concept of self-worth and dignity

Risks For Victims Of Sex Trafficking:

• Unwanted pregnancy• Unsafe abortions

• Higher maternal mortality risk

• Infertility• Cervical cancer

• HIV/AIDS/other STD’s• Severe physical injury

Identifying Trafficked Persons

• Living with employer • Poor living

conditions

• Withheld documents

• Signs of abuse

• Forbids private conversation

• Living at work • Never alone

• Submissive, fearful

• Unpaid or underpaid

• Language or culture barriers

• Matches profile of an addict

• Displays uncomfortable or passive typical work mood

Needs and Rights of Survivors

Needs of Survivor:

Rights of Survivor:

• Safety

• Privacy

• Interpretation• Legal Representation

• Medical Attention• Civil Compensation• Repatriation• Case Management

• Immediate Assistance • Income Assistance• Mental Health Assistance• Legal status 

• Immigration Relief

Why does it exist and persist?

• Interwoven in other forms of organized crime, and is therefore difficult to eliminate.

• Corruption in government, law

enforcement.

• Difficulty in tracking trafficked

persons and traffickers themselves.

• Lax and ineffective government regulations, or lack of regulations altogether.

• Supply/Demand • Prone environments due to war, poverty,

famine, political instability etc.

• Values

• High profit, low risk.