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HUMANISM
The heart of the Italian Renaissance
An intellectual movement that focused on secular (worldly) rather than on the spiritual (religious) issues of the Medieval thinkers
Petrarch Image from www.google.com/image
Humanists were Christians who hoped to use the wisdom of the Classics (Greek and Roman literature) to increase their understanding of their current place in time
To Seek fulfillment in daily life
Individual has dignity and worth
Challenge long-accepted traditions and institutions
One of the first person’s to challenge was Desiderius Erasmus with his book
The Praise of Folly Erasmus sought
reform within the Catholic Church
Students should study… Grammar Rhetoric History Moral Philosophy (ethics) Mathematics Literary works Poetry Music Astronomy
To stimulate creative and logical powers
Each can exist without the other,
Humanism ties them together
Individual has
dignity and
worth
Students should study…
Challenge long-accepted
traditions and institutions
Seek fulfillment in daily
life
Humanism
A means of understanding how humanity fits into the plan of God’s creation.
A return to Classical principles: balance, symmetry, control, thought and simplicity
Use of mathematics to determine harmony and proportion
Typesof
Humanism
Christian or Northern Renaissance
Major goal was to reform the CHURCH
Believed in the ability of human beings to reason and improve themselves
Christianity should show people how to live good lives on a daily basis rather than provide a system of beliefs that people have to practice to be saved
Civic
Reflected the values of the urban society The duty of the individual is to live an active
life for one’s state (government) An individual only ‘grows to maturity’—both
intellectually and morally—through participation’ in the life of the state
Intellects and their works
Petrarch—Father of Renaissance Humanism Desiderius Erasmus—The Praise of Folly Thomas More--Utopia Leonardo Bruni—History of the Florentine People Niccolo Machiavelli—The Prince Giovanni Pico della Mirandola—Oration of the
Dignity of Man Pietro Paolo Vergerio—Concerning Character