9 November 2000

EUMETSAT AND ITS PROGRAMMES

Alain RATIEREUMETSAT

Earth Observation Information Meeting, Bruxelles, 3 October 2000

9 November 2000

Hungary, Poland and Slovakia are Cooperating States of EUMETSAT

17 Member States3 Cooperating States

EUMETSAT Member States

9 November 2000

THE INITIAL CONVENTION:

"The primary objective ... is to establish, maintain and exploit European systems of operational meteorological satellites...."

THE NEW CONVENTION:

"A further objective ... is to contribute to the operational monitoring of the climate and the detection of global climate change.."

EUMETSAT OBJECTIVES

9 November 2000

EUMETSAT SATELLITE PROGRAMMES

METEOSAT

MSG

• Meteosat-5

• Meteosat-6

• Meteosat-7

• MSG-1

• MSG-2

• MSG-3

EPS

• Metop-1

• Metop-2

• Metop-3

96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12

Operational S/C at 0°(since 6/98)

Over Indian Ocean since 7/98

Hot stand by at 10° W (since 6/98)

13

15

16

1714

NominaI operationestimated lifetime

Approved

Non nominal operation

Estimated fuel margin

Available for launch

IODC at 63°E

Planned

9 November 2000

Meteosat IR imagery

Meteosat WV imagery

Meteosat VIS imagery

Meteosat satellite

9 November 2000

0° LONGITUDE AND 63° E METEOSAT IMAGES

METEOSAT-7 METEOSAT-5

9 November 2000

MSG System (from end 2003, TBC)

(Meteosat-MSG parallel operations in 2002/2003)

Data CollectionPlatforms (DCP)

Raw & Processed Images and other data

Processed Images

and other data

Data CollectionSystem Reports

EUMETSAT Control & Processing Centre

Darmstadt

High RateUser Station(HRUS)

Primary Ground Station (PGS )

Low RateUser Station(LRUS)

Satellite Applications

Facilities (SAF)

LRIT

HRIT

Standby MSG

OperationalMSG

External Support G round SStations

Dat

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l sat

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Back-up Ground Station ( BGS)

Satellite Control

Satellite Contro

l (Back-up)

Mon

itorin

g

9 November 2000

MSG Missions Multispectral Imagery Airmass Analysis Hi-Resolution Imagery Product Extraction Data Dissemination Data Collection Additional Missions

– Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget– Search and Rescue

Data Archive and Retrieval

9 November 2000

MSG SEVIRI ChannelsBasic + Airmass + Hi Res Vis Missions

Basic Band (µm) Airmass Band (µm)

VIS 0.6 0.56 - 0.71 WV 6.2 5.35 - 7.15

VIS 0.8 0.74 - 0.88 WV 7.3 6.85 - 7.85

IR 8.7 8.30 - 9.10

IR 1.6 1.50 - 1.78 O3 9.7 9.38 - 9.94

IR 3.9 3.48 - 4.36 CO2 13.4 12.40 - 14.40

IR 10.8 9.80 - 11.80 High Res VIS 1km Sampling

IR 12.0 11.00 - 13.00 HRV 0.5 - 0.9

3 km data sampling intervals at SSP, except HRV (1 km) Images each 15 minutes

9 November 2000

SEVIRI Channels Weighting Functions

9 November 2000

Cloud Distribution: low (red), mid (grey), high (white)

MGS simulation: from GOES-8

9 November 2000

Discrimination of cloud phase: 8.6 - 11µ vs 11 - 12 µSource: NOAA/CMISS (airborne observations)

9 November 2000

Snow detection (1.6 µ channel) (Source: NASA)

Snow

Clouds

Thin Cirrus

9 November 2000

From ground

From space

“OK” Tornado : 3 May 99

530 CDT (2330 UTC)

1800 UTC

2300 UTC

9 November 2000

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9 November 2000

GOES high density winds in mid & high troposphere 2 May, 1998 (Source: P. Menzel, NOAA/CMIS)

9 November 2000

Ozone product & derived wind field (black arrows)(Source: Météo-France)

9 November 2000

GOES SST: high amplitude (2-3 °K) diurnal cycle (low wind conditions)Source: NOAA/CMIS

9 November 2000

ACCESS TO MSG DATA

• DIRECT REAL TIME ACCESS VIA LRUS & HRUS USER STATIONS

– ALL SEVIRI CHANNELS AT FULL SPACE-TIME RESOLUTION ON HRIT/HRUS – 3 TO 5 CHANNELS FULL SPATIAL RESOLUTION/REDUCED TIME SAMPLING ON LRIT/LRUS PLUS

PRODUCTS (TBC)– PROCUREMENT OF USER STATIONS UNDER USER RESPONSIBILITY, KEY UNIT DELIVERED BY

EUMETSAT, FREE LICENSE FOR RESEARCH USE

• REAL TIME ACCESS

– THROUGH GTS/RMDCN: MPEF/SAF PRODUCTS – MSG INTERNET SERVICE : CONTENTS TBD

• OFF-LINE ACCESS:

– FROM U-MARF: IMAGERY & MPEF PRODUCTS– FROM SAF ARCHIVING FACILITIES (TBC): SAF PRODUCTS

9 November 2000

MSG RESEARCH ANNOUNCEMENT OF OPPORTUNITY

• Jointly released by ESA and EUMETSAT

• Objective is to stimulate:

– use of MSG data for research, in combination with other data (e.g.

ERS, ENVISAT)

– structured interactions between research and operational communities

• 43 Investigator Teams selected (Peer Selection)– Data available free of charge, dedicated interactions with MSG Project Teams

– Investigations/Research not funded by ESA/EUMETSAT

• First RAO workshop held in Bologna in May 2000

9 November 2000

EPS within IJPS

NOAA N & N’ p.m.

METOP 1 & 2 a.m.

Global datadump

Global datadump

NOAA GSEPS GS

NOAA global dataMETOP blind orbits

METOP global dataNOAA blind orbits

Blind orbitsdata dump

CNESIASI TEC

SAF

SAF

EUMETSAT POLAR SYSTEMNOAA POES SYSTEM

INITIAL JOINT POLAR SYSTEM

9 November 2000

SCOPE/BREAKDOWN OF EPS PROGRAMME

EPS Ground Segmentincluding SAFs

3 Metop satellites

3 Launch services

14 years of operation

9 November 2000

EPS MISSION OBJECTIVES:OPERATIONAL METEOROLOGY & CLIMATE MONITORING

Temperature and moisture sounding for NWP

High accuracy/vertical resolution

All weather capability

Troposphere, stratosphere and troposphere/stratosphere interactions

Imagery of clouds and land/ocean surfaces

Air-sea interactions

Ozone mapping & monitoring

Data collection and location

Direct broadcast/support to nowcasting

Search and Rescue

9 November 2000

EPS Capabilities/Payload

Atmospheric Sounding (temperature, moisture, O3/species):- IR/MW imaging sounders: HIRS-4/IASI, AMSU-A/MHS- UV/VIS imaging sounder: GOME-2- limb viewing radio-occultation sounder: GRAS

Global VIS/IR Imagery: AVHRR-3

2-Dimensional wind field at ocean surface: ASCAT

Data Location & Collection: ARGOS DCS-2 Terminal

Global and Local Data Access: Solid State Recorder/X-Band downlink/HRPT/LRPT

Search & Rescue: S&R Terminal

9 November 2000

IASI

HIRS-4

AVHRR-3

AMSU-A1

AMSU-A2MHS

GOME-2GRAS

ASCAT

METOP INSTRUMENT PAYLOAD

9 November 2000

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9 November 2000

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9 November 2000

Total Ozone and Profile (GOME/ERS-2)

9 November 2000

ERS Wind Vector Field (500 km Swath) Source: ESA

9 November 2000

EPS Data Circulation Global data read-out through high latitude station

Exchange of global data with NOAA

Direct data read-out services: HRPT and LRPT High Resolution Picture Transmission Low Resolution Picture Transmission

Digital version of NOAA APT Level of communality with MSG HRIT/LRIT

Coordinated with CGMS

Near Real Time delivery of CGS products (level 1 & selected level 2) to Primary NRT Terminals within Member States

Near Real Time delivery of level 2 products through GTS/RMDCN

9 November 2000

The EUMETSAT Ground Segment

Delivers products/services required by EUMETSAT Users

Has a distributed architecture, including :

Central facilities at EUMETSAT HQSatellite/Mission ControlData Acquisition/DisseminationImage Data Processing/Preprocessing: level 1 Meteorological Products Extraction: selected level 2Multi-mission Archiving and Retrieval Facility (U-MARF)

Ground Stations : Primary, Back-Up and Support

Network of Satellite Applications Facilitieshosted by national Met Servicesdeliver other level 2 products and selected level 3

9 November 2000

EUMETSAT GROUND SEGMENT BREAKDOWN

9 November 2000

Development of SAF Network

Development of 7 SAFs approved by Council

– 3 funded from MSG Programme budget SAF on support to Nowcasting and VSRF SAF on Ocean and Sea Ice SAF on Ozone Monitoring

– 1 funded from MTP Programme budget SAF on Climate Monitoring

– 3 funded from EPS Programme budget SAF on Numerical Weather Prediction SAF on GRAS Meteorology SAF on Land Surface Analysis

9 November 2000

EUMETSAT OVERALL GROUND INFRASTRUCTURE

Meteosat PGS

Fucino

MDDRoma

Lannion

MDDToulouse

WeilheimMeteosat BGS

Madrid

EUMETSAT HQ DarmstadtMCC + MPEF

BracknellMDD-FDRS

Helsinki

Lisboa

FDRS

Exchange of IJPSdata with NOAA/USA

Copenhagen

Offenbach

UsingenMSG PGS

Svalbard EPS Polar CDA Station

Canary IslandMSG BRGS

PGS Primary Ground StationMDD Meteorological Data DistributionBRGS Back-up and Ranging StationFDRS Foreign Data Relay SupportCDA Command and Data AcquisitionMCC Mission Control CentreMPEF Meteorological Product Extraction Facility

Planned extension (EPS)

EUMETSAT HQCentral Facilities

Acquisition and Control Station

Back-up or Support Station

Satellite Application Facility

Madrid (E): Support to Nowcasting and very Short Term ForecastingLannion (F): Ocean and Sea IceHelsinki (FIN): Ozone MonitoringOffenbach (D): Climate MonitoringBracknell (UK): Numerical Weather PredictionCopenhagen (DK): GRAS MeteorologyLisboa (P): Land Surface Analysis

9 November 2000

U-MARF Multi-mission Archiving and Retrieval Facility

User services

MSG-GSFront-End

EPS-GSFront-End

MTP Import or Ingestion

MSG Ground Segment

EPS Ground Segment

UMARFFacility

SAFFacility

ArchiveRepository

MTP MARF

SAF Local Archive &Catalogue

SAF LocalUser

Services

User Interface

External Users

External Users

Catalogue

9 November 2000

RESERVE SLIDES

1 February 2000 Slide: 32a

EUMETSAT's Satellite Coverage and Indian Ocean Data Coverage

0 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 18020406080100120140160 20

60 S

0

60 N

Meteosat-7

Prime Position

0° Longitude

Meteosat-5

IODC Position

63°E

9 November 2000

GEOSTATIONARY COMPOSITE IMAGE OF THE GLOBE

9 November 2000

METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION (MSG)

9 November 2000

MSG Responsibilities ESA

– Develops the MSG-1 Prototype satellite according to EUMETSAT requirements

– Acts, on behalf of EUMETSAT, as procurement agent for MSG-2/-3 satellites

EUMETSAT– Contributes one third of the MSG-1 funding, and funds procurement

of MSG-2/-3– Finalises and maintains End User Requirements– Procures all launchers– Develops the Ground Segment– Ensures consistency between space system segments (space,

ground, launcher service segments)– Operates the MSG System (12 years)

9 November 2000

MOP/MTP - MSG Comparison

Meteosat First Generation (MOP/MTP)

3-channel Imaging Radiometer

100 RPM Spin-stabilised Body

Solid Apogee Boost Motor

5 years Station Keeping

200 Watts Power Demand

720 kg in GTO orbit

Flight qualified with Delta 2914, Ariane 1-3-4

Meteosat Second Generation (MSG)

12-channel Enhanced Imaging Radiometer

100 RPM Spin-stabilised Body

Bi-propellant Unified Propulsion System

7 years Station Keeping

600 Watts Power Demand

2030 kg in GTO orbit

Design compatibility with Ariane 4 and 5

9 November 2000

MSG Performance ComparisonOld Meteosat (MTP) New Meteosat (MSG)

Visible channels 1 3 + HRV

Water Vapour 1 2

IR window (+absorption) 1 (+0) 6 (+2)

Sampling distance Vis: 2.5 km Vis: 3 km / HRV: 1 km

IR: 5 km IR: 3 km

Radiometric Resolution 0.4 K 0.25 K

Image Repeat Cycle 30 min 15 min

Raw Data Rate 333 kbps 3200 kbps

Data Collection System 33 regional 0.1 kbps 210 regional 0.1 kbps

33 international 40 international + 210

Primary Dissemination HRI: 166 kbps HRIT: 1000 kbps

Secondary Dissemination WEFAX: analogue LRIT: 128 kbps

Meteorological Data Distribution MDD: up to 4x2kbps (data in LRIT)

DCP Retransmission System DRS: 12.5 kbps (data in LRIT)

9 November 2000

Spinning Enhanced Vis & IR Imager

12 channels

Image each 15 minutes

3 km horizontal sampling

Hi-Res channel at 1 km

MSG SEVIRI Instrument

9 November 2000

SEVIRI IR Channel Bands

9 November 2000

MSG MPEF Products Baseline

* GI & TOZ: algorithm development by SAF and extraction by MPEF

Meteorological Products proposed as baseline for the MSG MPEF development

Cloud Analysis (CLA)Cloud Top Height (CTH)Global Instability (GI)*

Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMV) (IR 10.8, WV 6.2, WV 7.3, VIS 0.6)Clear Sky Radiance (CSR)Tropospheric Humidity (THU)Total Ozone (TOZ)*

Calibration Monitoring (CAL-MON)Climate Data Set (CDS)ISCCP Data Set (IDS)GPCP Precipitation Index (PI)

9 November 2000

Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMV) extracted from VIS (yellow), IR 10.8 µ (red) & WV 6.2 µ (blue) channels

9 November 2000

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9 November 2000

• User Station functions developed/demonstrated as part of DADF, for monitoring purpose

• Detailed Design of DADF Prototype Stations available to potential customers and providers on EUMETSAT Home Page

• Users expected to procure their respective User Station(s) from Industry

• Station Key Units to be supplied by EUMETSAT

• Definition of the LRIT and HRIT data streams under discussion

• HRIT data stream expected to contain all SEVIRI channels at full resolution

• EC supporting acquisition of HRUSs in Africa (PUMA initiative)

HRIT-LRIT User Stations

9 November 2000

FDDI RingDADF

PC Workstation

3,7 m Antenna

Laser printer

HRITMUBM

SCSIDown

ConverterIF Cable

HeliaxCable

PC Workstation

1,8 m Antenna

SCSIDown

ConverterIF Cable

HeliaxCable

LRITMUBM

Ethernet

Ethernet

FDDI

FDDI

HRIT User Station

LRIT User Station

GS - Data Acquisition Dissemination Facility - User Stations (for monitoring purpose)

9 November 2000

MSG PROGRAMME STATUS

• SYSTEM: SYSTEM CRITICAL DESIGN REVIEW SUCCESSFUL

• SPACE SEGMENT: MSG SATELLITES– MSG-1/2/3 UNDER DEVELOPMENT/PROCUREMENT– FLIGHT ACCEPTANCE REVIEW UNDER WAY (2 PHASES)

• GROUND SEGMENT– TEST & INTEGRATION OF INDIVIDUAL FACILITIES UNDERWAY

• DIFFICULTIES WITH CONTROL CENTRE (CF), IMAGE PROCESSING (IMPF) & PRIMARY GROUND STATION (PGS)

– PRE-INTEGRATION STARTED, START OF FULL INTEGRATION PENDING DELIVERY OF KEY FACILITIES

• LAUNCHER– ARIANE-4 BASELINE FOR MSG-1

• LAUNCH DATE: JANUARY 2002 TARGETED (NO MARGIN)

9 November 2000

EUMETSAT POLAR SYSTEM (EPS)

9 November 2000

A MAJOR COOPERATION BETWEEN EUROPE AND THE USA

IN THE MARGINS OF THE G7, EUROPE AGREED IN PRINCIPLE TO SHARE THE BURDEN OF THE METEOROLOGICAL POLAR SERVICE WITH THE USA

INITIAL JOINT POLAR SYSTEM (IJPS) TO BE IMPLEMENTED In the context of the USA Convergence Under a NOAA-EUMETSAT cooperation agreement signed in November 1998 Through integration & coordination of the NOAA POES and the EUMETSAT EPS

(EUMETSAT POLAR SYSTEM) Programmes

SCOPE OF COOPERATION Afternoon & early morning orbits covered by the USA (POES & DMSP Satellites) Morning orbit covered by Europe (Metop Satellites) Exchange of instruments and data, coordinated development and operations

9 November 2000

EPSUsers

WMO Community

through GTS/RMDCN

NOAAUsers

NOAAsystem

EPSsystem

IJPS

The EPS System within the IJPS System

9 November 2000

EPS: AN INTEGRATED EUROPEAN EFFORT

COOPERATION BETWEEN EUMETSAT, ESA AND CNES

EPS SPACE SEGMENT: Metop SATELLITES Metop-1 developed/co-funded with ESA; Metop-2 & 3 jointly procured (single contract for Metop-1/2/3), fully funded by EUMETSAT IASI-1 developed/co-funded by CNES, under CNES-EUMETSAT cooperation; IASI-2 & 3 procured by CNES, fully funded by EUMETSAT MHS instruments for NOAA N/N’ & Metop-1/2/3 procured by EUMETSAT ARGOS DCS Terminals provided by CNES

LAUNCH SERVICES PROCURED BY EUMETSAT

EPS GROUND SEGMENT Central Core Ground Segment (CGS) developed/procured by EUMETSAT Network of 7 satellite applications facilities (SAF) developed by EUMETSAT member states in cooperation with EUMETSAT IASI-TEC and IASI operational level 1 processor developed by CNES

EPS SYSTEM OPERATED BY EUMETSAT (14 YEARS)

9 November 2000

The Metop Satellite

height: 6.3 mtransverse section:3.4 m x 3.4 m(launch configuration)

solar panel: 11.3 m

power: 2210 W (end of life, orbit average)

lifetime: 5 years

13 instruments

launch mass: 4200 kg

data flow: 3500 kbps

9 November 2000

IASI Instrument Mission Objectives:

- Temperature profile: 1K/1km (in the lower troposphere)- Relative Humidity: 10%/1 km (in the lower troposphere)- Trace gases: O3 low resolution profile, CH4, CO columns

Main Characteristics:

- High spectral resolution (0.25 cm-1 unapodized)- Spectral range: 3.4 to 15.5 µ- Radiometric resolution < 0.2 K (NeDT), accuracy < 0.5 K- Horizontal resolution/sampling: 12km/25km- Wide swath (2200km) scanning synchronised with AMSU-A- Built-in imager for co-registration with AVHRR and Back-up

9 November 2000

EPS Product Services

PRODUCT SERVICES AVAILABLE FROM CORE GROUND SEGMENT & NETWORK OF SATELLITE APPLICATION FACILITIES

CGS BASELINE PRODUCTS INCLUDE: All level 1 Products from all NOAA & Metop sensors Selected Level 2 Products: Temperature/Moisture Profiles, Cloud Products...

VARIETY OF SERVICES/LEVEL 2 PRODUCTS FROM 7 SAFs: Ocean & Sea Ice Support to nowcasting & VSRF (SW Packages) Ozone Monitoring GRAS Meteorology Climate Monitoring Land Surface Analysis NWP

9 November 2000

Value of EPS to Meteorological Applications (1)

NOWCASTING AND VERY SHORT TERM FORECASTING High Revisit frequency at high latitudes not covered by geostationary spacecraft Microwave measurements not available from geostationary orbit

passive temperature/moisture sounding: AMSU-A/MHS active: scatterometry over ocean (wind), ice and land

sensor synergy: co-located sounding, imagery, scatterometry HRPT/LRPT real time service

NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION advanced sounding (global mission)

temperature, moisture, ozone troposphere and stratosphere all weather (AMSU-A/MHS/GRAS) higher accuracy vertical resolution (1K/1km)

enhanced information on surface parameters

9 November 2000

CLIMATE RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS Air Sea Interactions (AVHRR, IASI, ASCAT) Troposphere-Stratosphere Interactions (GRAS) Cloud-Radiation Interactions/GEWEX Ocean, Ice and Climate (ASCAT, AVHRR…) Biosphere and climate Dedicated SAF

OZONE & UV MONITORING, ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY GOME-2, HIRS AND IASI Dedicated SAF

CONTINENTAL BIOSPHERE AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Vegetation monitoring Dedicated SAF

Value of EPS to other Applications (2)

9 November 2000

PROGRAMMATICS/DECISIONS Metop-1 & EPS Programmes approved; agreements signed with NOAA (IJPS) & ESA (Metop) All space segment contracts signed: Metop, IASI, GOME-2 Procurement of launch services initiated with Arianespace/Starsem Alcatel selected as CGS Prime Contractor; improvements of proposal under negotiation/Contract

Proposal to be approved by Council in September 2000 Site selected for Polar CDA Station: Svalbard

DEVELOPMENT MILESTONES System Requirements Review held in February 2000, System PDR wrap up planned in 2001 Satellite PDR held in June 1999, Critical Design Review planned in 2001 IASI CDR planned in 2001; MHS instruments delivered to NOAA Ground Segment Requirement Review held in July 1999 CGS kick-off meeting planned in November 2000 Launch in 2005

EPS PROGRAMME STATUS

9 November 2000

U-MARF Archive : expected volume increase

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9 November 2000

SAF Network: Programmatics Distributed element of EUMETSAT Application Ground Segment

– Providing services to operational and other users, such as:- real-time/off line products- user software packages - data management and related user services

– Research and development, including coordination

– Focus: operational meteorology and climate monitoring- in line with the new Convention under ratification

Development/operations co-funded by EUMETSAT and Member States

– EUMETSAT financial contribution - up to 50% of development cost- up to 75% of agreed operations cost

9 November 2000

SAF on Support to Nowcasting and Very Short Range Forecasting

Hosted by Spanish NMS (INM) in Madrid Involvement of Austria, France, Spain, and Sweden Development kicked-off in February 1997 Targeted products are user software packages to extract:

– Cloud parameters: mask/amount, type, top temperature/height,

– Air mass: analysis and stability, total and layer precipitable water– Winds: high resolution wind vectors– Precipitation: identification of precipitating clouds, convective rainfall rate– Thunderstorms: tracking of rapid developing thunderstorms

9 November 2000

SAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Hosted by Météo-France in Lannion Involvement of Denmark, France, The Netherlands, Norway,

and Sweden Development kicked-off in April 1997 Examples of targeted products:

– Sea Surface Temperature: Atlantic (10 km resolution), Regional (2 km resolution)

– Scatterometer surface wind vectors (global)– Surface radiative fluxes (Atlantic)– Sea Ice (Polar Atlantic): ice edge/cover, thickness/age

9 November 2000

SAF on Ozone Monitoring

Hosted by Finnish NMS (FMI), in Helsinki Involvement of Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,

Greece, and The Netherlands Development kicked-off in October 1997 Examples of targeted products

– Ozone: total column, profiles (in real time and off line)

– Other Trace Gases: NO2, OClO, BrO total columns

– UV: Clear sky UV radiation fields– Associated validation products

9 November 2000

SAF on Climate Monitoring

Hosted by German NMS (DWD) in Offenbach Involvement of Belgium, Germany, Finland, The Netherlands, and

Sweden Development kicked-off in February 1999 Examples of targeted products

– Sea Surface Temperature and sea ice cover– Cloud parameters– Surface radiation budget components– Radiation budget components at TOA

9 November 2000

SAF on NWP

Hosted by the The Met. Office, UK Involvement of France, ECMWF, The Netherlands, and UK Development kicked-off in February 1999 Deliverables are User Requirements & Software packages:

– RTMs and observation operators (ASCAT, GOME, ATOVS/IASI, SSM/I, SEVIRI)

– Software and techniques for improved assimilation of satellite observations in NWP models

– Monitoring of quality of space observations

9 November 2000

SAF on GRAS Meteorology Hosted by Danish NMS (DMI) in Copenhagen Involvement of Denmark, Spain, and UK Development kicked-off in April 1999 Examples of targeted products

– High vertical resolution profiles of temperature and moisture (real-time and off-line) derived from observations by the GRAS instruments flown on the Metop satellites

– Observation operators for assimilation of GRAS products in NWP models

9 November 2000

SAF on Land Surface Analysis Hosted by Portuguese NMS (IM) in Lisbon Involvement of Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Portugal,

Spain, and Sweden Development kicked-off in September 1999 Examples of targeted products:

– Vegetation parameters and biophysical indicators – Snow cover– Land Surface Temperature, Emissivity and Soil Moisture– Short wave and long wave radiation parameters – Evapotranspiration rate