Huong Dan Su Dung Pipesim 2003

University of Technology - Falculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering

PIPESIM Tutorials Well Performance Analysis & Network Tutorial

Thanh Son 10/14/2010

Contents 1. ng ng dn n pha ............................................................................................................................ 6

a) ng ng dn nc ............................................................................................................................ 6

b) Phn tch nhy cho m hnh ng ng dn nc......................................................................... 19

c) Phn tch nhy cho ng ng dn kh .......................................................................................... 22

d) Tnh ton lu lng kh ng vi suy gim p sut cho trc ........................................................ 25

2. ng ng dn a pha (Multiphase Pipeline) ....................................................................................... 27

a) Xy dng mt m hnh mi ................................................................................................................ 27

3. c tnh hot ng ca ging du (Oil Well Performance) .................................................................... 34

a) S hot ng ca ging du ................................................................................................................ 34

b) Phn tch nhy ............................................................................................................................... 41

4. Hiu chnh m hnh cht lu (Black Oil Calibration) v d on c tnh hot ng ca ging .......... 44

a) Phn tch c tnh hot ng ca ging. ............................................................................................. 44

b) Xy dng mt m hnh cht lu Black Oil c hiu chnh. ........................................................ 47

c) La chn kch thc ng khai thc thch hp. .................................................................................... 55

d) Phn tch tnh kh thi ca vic bm p kh ........................................................................................ 58

1. Thit k ging du ................................................................................................................................... 60

a) M hnh ging Gii php h thng .................................................................................................. 60

b) M hnh ging Phn tch im nt Nodal Analysis. ........................................................................ 66

c) M hnh ging Hiu chnh PVT (PVT Calibration). ........................................................................ 69

d) M hnh ging Xc nh tng quan dng chy ph hp (Flow Correlations). .............................. 72

e) M hnh ging Xy dng ng c tnh dng vo IPR ph hp. .................................................. 75

f) M hnh ging Phn tch nhy (Sensitivity Analysis) ................................................................. 78

g) M hnh ging System Analysis, Artificial Lift .............................................................................. 80

2. M hnh c tnh hot ng ca ging Nodal Analysis ....................................................................... 83

a) Nodal Analysis .................................................................................................................................... 83

b) Nodal Analysis Phn tch nhy (Sensitivity Analysis). .............................................................. 88

c) Nodal Analysis Phn tch nhy i vi tng quan dng chy. ................................................. 90

3. M hnh hot ng ca ging kh (M hnh cht lu Compositional). ................................................... 93

a) M hnh ging n gin ...................................................................................................................... 93

M hnh ging ................................................................................................................................... 100

b) Hiu chnh m hnh dng vo. .......................................................................................................... 106

c) Phn tch im nt ti y ging. ...................................................................................................... 107

d) Phn tch h thng (System Analysis). ............................................................................................. 108

e) ng ng dn (Flowline) v van tit lu (Choke). ......................................................................... 110

f) Tm tng quan dng chy ph hp (Flow Matching) ..................................................................... 112

g) T phn cht lng tch ly (Liquid hold-up fraction) v bn kiu dng chy (Flow Regime map).

.............................................................................................................................................................. 116

h) ng cong p sut/nhit t va (Pressure/Temperature Profile). ............................................. 117

i) p sut gim do condenste hnh thnh nhiu. ................................................................................... 118

j) Rigorous Flashing .............................................................................................................................. 118

4. Thit k bm p kh (Gas Lift Design) Xc nh khong cch t Mandrel mi (New Mandel

Spacing). ................................................................................................................................................... 120

a) M hnh ging - Phn tch im nt. ................................................................................................ 120

b) Lift Gas Response ............................................................................................................................. 124

c) Thit k kh bm p (Gas Lift Design). ............................................................................................ 126

5) Thit k kh bm p S dng h thng Mandrel lp t trc trong ng khai thc (Current Mandrel)

.................................................................................................................................................................. 134

a) Xy dng mt h thng cc van Gaslift ............................................................................................ 134

b) To mt ng cong Gas Lift Performance. .................................................................................... 137

c) Thit k h thng kh bm p s dng h thng Mandrel hin ti. .................................................. 139

1. Mng thu gom dng vng (Looped Gathering Network) ...................................................................... 141

a) Xy dng mt m hnh mng. .......................................................................................................... 141

b) Xc nh nhng iu kin bin ca mng ......................................................................................... 150

c) Gii bi ton mng v thit lp kh nng cung ng ca mng. ........................................................ 151

2. Mng truyn kh (Gas Transmission Network) ..................................................................................... 153

S lc vn ................................................................................................................................... 153

D liu tng qut............................................................................................................................... 153

Ngun ................................................................................................................................................ 153

ng ng dn song song ................................................................................................................. 153

ng ng Line2 .............................................................................................................................. 153

ng ng n im thu gom. ......................................................................................................... 153

D liu v cht lu ............................................................................................................................ 154

3. H thng bm p nc (Water Injection System). ............................................................................... 158

S lc vn ................................................................................................................................... 158

Nhng ng ng dn n ging bm p ......................................................................................... 160

im thu gom v ging bm p. ....................................................................................................... 161

D liu cht lu ................................................................................................................................. 162

s dng ti liu

hng dn ny mt

cch hiu qu, ngh

qu c gi va c

va kt hp vi thc

hnh s dng phn

mm v tuyt i

khng nn b qua phn

no m bo tnh

logic ca ti liu

Chng 1. Single branch

1. ng ng dn n pha

Mc ch ca hng dn ny l lm quen ngi s dng vi giao din Single Branch ca

phn mm PIPESIM bng cch xy dng v chy th nhng v d n gin. Ngi dng s xy

dng mt mt m hnh ng ng dn n gin sau tnh ton suy gim p sut dc theo

ng ng vi p sut u vo v lu lng cho trc. Ngi dng sau s phn tch

nhy mt vi thng s trn m hnh .

Mi v d s theo tin trnh cng vic chun di y:

Xy dng mt m hnh vt l (Physical Model).

To mt m hnh cht lu (Fluid Model).

Chn nhng tng quan thc nghim chon dng chy (Flow Correlations).

Thc hin mt hot ng hay phn tch trn m hnh (Operations)

Xem v phn tch kt qu

a) ng ng dn nc

1. Chy Pipesim bng cch chn Start>Program Files>Schlumberger>PIPESIM

2. Trong ca s Select a PIPESIM option, chn NEW Single Branch Model.

3. Trong ca s Global Data, trong th Set Units, chn SI.

Ch : n v mc nh ca nhng i lng o lng c thit lp trong hp thoi

Setup>Units. Hai h thng n v c sn l Eng v SI. Ngi dng cng c th xy dng mt h

n v ring ca mnh bng cch nhn nt Custom.

Ngi dng c th thit lp h n v ang c la chn l mc nh bng cch nhn nt Set as

Default. H n v ny s c s dng mi khi mt m hnh mi c xy dng.

Mt h n v mc nh c th c lu li di dng mt tp tin (*.umf) s dng cho nhng m hnh khc hay ngi dng khc c th s dng. Thit lp nhng n v cn thit, t tn cho tp tin ri nhn nt Export.

4. Nhn OK.

Thanh cng c PIPESIM

Ch : nhng vt th hay biu tng trn thanh cng c c phn thnh hai nhm:

Nhng vt th dng nt v d Source, Sink, Junction/Node, Nodal Analysis Point

Nhng vt th dng lin kt v d Tubing, Flowline, Riser, Connection Nhng vt th dng lin kt c dng ni hai vt th dng nt vi nhau. V vy, ngi dng u tin cn a nhng vt th dng nt vo trc. a con tr ln trn nt, nhnv gi phm tri chut ri ko n nt cn ni v th phm tri chut ra.

5. nh ngha nhng thnh phn vt l ca m hnh. Nhn nt Source v t vo trong ca s lm vic bng cch nhp chut tri.

6. Chn nt Node v nhp chut vo ca s lm vic. Ch : End hay Boundary Node l nt ranh gii hay im kt thc, cui cng ca m hnh. iu ny cng c ngha l nt ny c th lien kt vi mt vt th no trong mt m hnh khc. Trong m hnh, ch c mt vt th lin kt vi nt ny. Trong Single Branch Model khng s dng Boundary hay End Node m s dng Node. Node dng kt ni hai vt th dng lin kt khi gia chng khng c vt th dng nt no. Trong Network Model, Boundary nt thng l im kt thc ca m hnh.

7. Chn nt Flowline v ni Source_1 v S1 bng cch ko v th. Ch : Flowline cho php m hnh mt dng chy ngang hay nghing. c tnh truyn nhit (Heat Transfer) c th c m phng ha bng cch nhp mt gi tr h s truyn nhit tng qut hay tnh ton (U Value). Mi Flowline c nhng c im ring v ng knh trong ID, ng knh ngoi OD, nhm Roughness, nu nhng c tnh ny thay i dc theo chiu di ca n th phi thm mt Flowline khc vo m hnh. Flowline profile c th c m phng bi hai kiu m hnh khc nhau Simple Model v Detailed Model. Simple Model thng c s dng khi mt m hnh mi c xy dng v ngi dng cha bit c tnh ca Flowline mt cch chnh xc. Khi bit thm mt s d liu khc v Flowline, ngi dng c th dng Detailed Model.

Ch : ng vin mu xung quanh Source_1 v Flowline_1 cho thy nhng d liu u vo cn thit ang b thiu.

8. Nhp p chut vo Source_1. 9. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Properties 10. Trong hp nhp d liu Temperature, nhp 20 v chn C t hp ko th. 11. Trong hp nhp d liu Pressure, nhp 100 v chn bara t hp ko th.

12. Nhp OK. 13. Nhp p vo Flowline_1. 14. Trong ca s hin ra, Chn th properties. T hp ko th Prefered Pipe Description,

chn Simple View. 15. Nhp vo nhng thng tin sau: a) Rate ofUndulations: 0

b) Horizontal Distance: 20000 m c) Elevation Difference: 0 m d) Inner Diameter: 150 mm e) Wall Thickness: 12.7 mm f) Roughness: 0.046 mm g) Ambient Temperature: 20 C

16. Nhp OK. 17. Nhp vo th Heat Transfer, v trong Mode, chn Input U Value. 18. Trong vng U Value, chn User Specified. 19. Trong vng Inside Film Coefficient, chn Include in U Value.

20. Nhp Ok. 21. Bc tip theo l xy dng mt m hnh cht lu Fluid Model. Chn Setup>Black Oil. 22. Trong ca s DEFAULT-Black Oil Properties hin ra, chn th Black Oil Properties. Ch : nhng tnh cht ca cht lu c th c c lng hay d on da trn nhng tng quan thc nghim c xy dng bng cch lin h t s kh/du ca du th trong iu kin ng vi nhiu tnh cht khc nh khi lng ring ca du v kh Ngi dng la chn mt tng quan thc nghim d on lng kh ha tan trong du th ti mt iu kin p sut v nhit nht nh. Nhng tng quan thc nghim ny c xy dng ring cho nhng h ba pha du th/nc/kh; v vy chng rt hu ch trong vic d on ng x pha ca dng chy trong nhng ging du th. Khi c hiu chnh, nhng tng quan ny c th cung cp cho ngi dng d liu chnh xc v ng x pha t rt t d liu nhp ban u. Chng c bit thun tin trong nghin cu v bm p kh. Tuy nhin nu vic d on chnh xc ng x pha ca nhng h du nh l quan trng, ngi dng nn dng m hnh cht lu Compositional. xut d liu cu mt m hnh cht lu Black Oil vo mt c s d liu:

Trong hp thoi Black Oil Properties, thit lp nhng d liu cn thit.

t tn, m t s v m hnh.

Nhn nt Export. nhp mt b d liu t c s d liu cho mt Source trong mt Network Model:

Chn Source cn.

Nhp chut phi v chn Fluid Model.

B la chn Use DEFAULT Black Oil Set.

Nhn nt Import.

Chn d liu cn nhp. 23. Trong vng Fluid Name, nhp water. 24. Trong vng Stock Tank Properties, nhp nhng thong s di y: a) WCut: 100 % b) GOR: 0 sm3/sm3 c) Gas S.G: 0.64 d) Water S.G: 1.02 e) API: 30

25. Nhp OK lu li. 26. Trong thanh Menu, chn File>Model as v t tn l CaseStudy1_WaterPipe.bps.

27. Trong thanh Menu, chn Setup>Flow Correlations. 28. Trong ca s Global Data, trong vng Single Phase Correlation, chn Moody t hp ko

th.

29. Nhp OK. 30. Trong thanh Menu, chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile. Ch : trong thao tc hay phn tch ny, c tnh ca p sut v nhit ca m hnh hay h thng c to ra nh l mt hm s ca khong cch dc theo m hnh. Khi la chn thao tc ny, ngi dng c th chn mt trong ba dng sau:

Tnh p sut u vo Inlet Pressure khi bit trc p sut u ra Outlet Pressure v lu lng Rate.

Tnh p sut u ra Outlet Pressure khi bit trc p sut u vo Inlet Pressure v lu lng Rate.

Tnh lu lng Rate khi bit trc p sut u ra Outlet Pressure v p sut u vo Inlet Pressure.

thc hin thao tc ny:

To v lu m hnh.

Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile trn thanh cng c.

Chn tnh cht cn tnh.

Chn nhng thng s cn phn tch nhy (c th b qua).

Chy m hnh. Mt trong nhng u im mnh nht ca PIPESIM l kh nng cho php phn tch nhy trn mt hay mt s bin ti cng mt thi im. phn tch nhy:

T hng Object, chn mt vt th hay i tng t hp ko th m mt trong nhng tnh cht hay thng s ca n cn tin hnh phn tch nhy. Danh sch vt th hay i tng hin th trong hp ko th phn nh tn ca tng vt th hay i tng trong m hnh.

Trong hng Variable, chn bin hay thng s cn phn tch t hp ko th. Danh sch bin hay thng s ny s phn nh vt th hay i tng c chn trn.

Chn n v cho bin t hp ko th.

Nhp d liu cho bin t hng 1. Nu gi tr ca bin cch u nhau, tc l nh 5, 10, 15, 20 th chn nt Range.

v hiu ha nhng d liu va nhp vo ct, tc l thc hin thao tc nhng b qua vic phn tch nhy i vi bin trong mt ct c th no , b du kim trong hp Active.

31. Trong ca s Pressure/Temperature Profiles hin ra, trong vng Calculated Variable, nhp 100 vo hp nhp d liu Inlet Pressure v chn bara t hp ko th.

32. Chn Outlet Pressure. 33. Chn Liquid Rate v nhp 2880 vo hp nhp d liu v chn sm3/d t hp ko th.

34. Nhp OK. 35. Nhp nt Run Model. Pipesim s s dng tng quan thc nghim ca Moody tnh

ton p sut, y l tng quan mc nh cho dng chy n pha. 36. xem kt qu xut ra, nhp vo PSPlot pha di mn hnh.

37. Chn th Data xut ra kt qu ghi di dng bng ct.

38. sao chp d liu kt qu ny vo Excel,chn nhng cn sao chp, nhn +C, chn mt trong Excel v nhn +V.

39. xem kt qu di dng tm tt, chn Reports>Summary File.

Ch : gi tr Liquid Hold-up c hin th, 353.4 l gi tr cho ton b tuyn ng ng.

40. xem ton b kt qu, chn Reports>Output File. 41. Output File theo mc nh c chia lm 5 phn: a) Primary Output b) Auxiliary Output c) INPUT DATA ECHO (D liu nhp vo v n v) d) Fluid Property Data (D liu nhp vo v m hnh cht lu) e) Profile & Flow Correlations (Profile v nhng tng quan thc nghim c dng) 42. Primary Output c chia lm 16 phn: a) Node Number (Nt m ti nhng tnh ton trn dng chy c thc hin. Theo mc

nh khong cch gia cc nt l 1km) b) Horizontal Distance (Gi tr ny khc vi khong cch o c dc theo tuyn ng) c) Elevation ( cao so vi phng ngang) d) Horizontal Angle e) Vertical Angle f) Pressure g) Temperature h) Mean mixture velocity i) Elevational Pressure drop j) Frictional Pressure drop k) Actual Liquid Flow rate ti iu kin P, T ca nt l) Actual Gas rate ti iu kin P,T ca nt m) Actual Lquid density ti iu kin P,T ca nt n) Actual Free gas density ti iu kin P,T ca nt o) Slug Number p) Flow pattern

Ch : khi p sut gim, khi lng ring ca cht lu gim; v vy, lu lng phi tng ln m bo lu lng khi lng khng thay i.

43. Auxiliary Output cng c chia thnh 16 phn: a) Node Number b) Horizontal Distance c) Vertical Elevation d) Pipe ID e) Superficial Liquid Velocity f) Superficial Gas Velocity g) Liquid Mass Flowrate h) Gas Mass Flowrate i) Liquid Viscosity j) Gas Viscosity k) Reynolds Number l) No-slip Liquid hold-up m) Liquid hold-up n) Enthalpy o) Number of Pressure Iterations p) Number of Temperature Iterations

Ch : gi tr s Reynold cho thy dng chy ri. nht gim khi p sut gim i.

b) Phn tch nhy cho m hnh ng ng dn nc

Tip tc vi v d trc, chng ta s kim tra xem m hnh s thay i nh th no khi p sut u vo (Inlet Pressure) thay i.

1. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile. 2. Trong hp ko th Component chn Source_1, v trong hp ko th Variable

chnTemperature. 3. Trong ca s Pressure/Temperature Profile, nhp vo nt Range. 4. Trong ca s Set Range hin ra, nhp 10 vo hp nhp d liu Start 5. Nhp 70 vo hp nhp d liu End. 6. Nhp 10 vo hp nhp d liu Step.

7. Nhp Apply. 8. Trong ca s Pressure/Temperature Profiles, nhp nt Run Model chy m hnh.

Pipesim s mc nh dung tng quan thc nghim ca Moody tnh ton p sut dc theo tuyn ng ng.

9. Quan st kt qu PSPlot xut ra.

Ch : nhit u vo cao nht cho gim p sut nh nht. iu ny l do khi nhit tng ln, nht gim, v vy s Reynold tng ln, nht do ma st tng ng gim xung v gradient p sut ma st thp hn. Trong trng hp cht lu l nc, nh hng ca nhit ln khi lng ring l khng ng k.

10. Trong ca s PSPlot, chn th Data xem kt qu di dng bng.

11. Quan st output file (.out) bng cch chn Reports>Output File. Kt qu ny ch cha

thng tin cho trng hp u tin (Nhit u vo 10 C) 12. xem kt qu ca cc trng hp cn li, chn Setup>Difine Output. 13. Trong ca s Global Data, nhp 7 vo hp nhp d liu No of cases to print.

14. Chy li m hnh, m kt qu Output bn s thy kt qu tnh ton cho c 7 trng hp phn tch nhy.

15. Chn li Setup>Define Output. 16. Trong ca s Global Data, ng du kim vo la chn Segment Data in Primary Output

v chy li chng trnh. 17. M kt qu Output, v quan st bn s thy c nhng on thm vo mi bn ca nt

(theo mc nh c t cch mi bn ca nt 30 cm)

Ch : PIPESIM tnh ton suy gim p sut cho nhng on thm vo ny theo mc nh thu c gi tr trung bnh chnh xc ca nhng tnh cht nh liquid hold-up hay vn tc ti nt chnh.

c) Phn tch nhy cho ng ng dn kh

Khng thay i m hnh xy dng trong v d trc, chng ta s tip tc xy dng m hnh dng chy n pha ca kh qua tuyn ng.

18. nh ngha li Fluid Model bng cch chn Setup>Blackoil. 19. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Black Oil Properties. 20. Trong vng Fluid Name, nhp Gas. 21. Trong vng Stock Tank Properties, nhp nhng thng s sau: a) WCut: 0 % b) GOR: 0 sm3/sm3 c) Gas S.G: 0.64 d) Water S.G: 1.02 e) API: 30 22. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile. 23. Trong ca s Pressure/Temperature Profiles, trong vng Calculated Variable, nhp 100

vo hp nhp d liu Inlet Pressure v chn bara t hp ko th. 24. Chn Outlet Pressure.

25. Chn Gas Rate t hp ko th, nhp 1 vo hp nhp d liu v chn mmsm3/d t hp ko th.

26. Nhp vo nt Run Model chy chng trnh. 27. Quan st kt qu PSPlot xut ra.

Ch : nhit u vo cao nht th gim p sut dc theo tuyn ng cao nht. iu ny l do, nhit tng th khi lng ring ca kh gim, v vy s Reynold gim. Kt qu l, h s nht tng ln v vy gradient p sut do ma st cao hn. Trong trng hp cht lu l kh nh hng ca nhit ln nht l khng ng k.

28. xem s thay i ca nhit dc theo tuyn ng, trong ca s PSPlot, nhp vo Series.

Ch : chn Edit>Advanced Plot Setup, xut hin hp thoi bn di:

thay i trc hay tn trc: chn Chart>Axis>Title.

b hay thay i ch thch bn di ca biu Legend: chn Chart>Legend, nh du kim Visible hin th, b du kim nu mun b ch thch.

thay i mu/kiu ca mt ng: chn Series. thay i nhng c im ny cng c th lm nh sau: chn Edit>Simple Plot Setup, hp thoi sau s xut hin:

29. Trong hp ko th Select Y Axis, chn Temperature. 30. Trong hp ko th Select X Axis, chn Total Distance.

31. Nhp OK. 32. Quan st kt qu xut ra.

d) Tnh ton lu lng kh ng vi suy gim p sut cho trc

Trong v d trc, chng ta tnh Outlet Pressure vi Inlet Pressure v Flowrate bit trc. Trong v d ny, chng ta s cho trc Inlet v Outlet Pressure, v tnh Gas Flowrate tng ng.

1. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile. 2. Trong ca s Pressure/Temperature Profile, trong vng Calculated Variable, nhp 100

vo hp nhp d liu Inlet Pressure v chn bara t hp ko th. 3. Nhp 67.4745 vo hp nhp d liu Outlet Pressure v chn bara t hp ko th. 4. Nhp vo nt Gas Rate.

5. Nhp vo nt Run Model chy m hnh.

Ch : th xut ra hin th mi quan h gia nhng thng s khc v d nh nhit v khong cch, chn trong vng Default Profile Plot, ri chy m hnh.

6. Quan st kt qu PSPlot xut ra.

Ch : Lu lng kh c hin th ch thch pha di th.

7. xem s vng lp Pipesim thc hin, chn Reports>Output File.

2. ng ng dn a pha (Multiphase Pipeline)

Trong nhng v d trc, chng ta tm hiu dng chy nc v kh n pha dc theo mt ng ng dn. By gi, chng ta s xy dng mt m hnh mi v tm hiu dng chy a pha qua mt ng ng dn. Tin trnh cng vic vn bao gm:



Chn nhng tng quan thc nghim ph hp cho dng chy (Flow Correlations).

Chy m hnh.

Quan st v phn tch kt qu.

a) Xy dng mt m hnh mi

1. Chn File>New>Pipeline and Facilities 2. Trong ca s Global Data, chn th Set Units, nhp vo SI Units 3. Nhp OK. 4. Nhp vo nt Source v t n ln ca s lm vic bng cch nhp tri chut. 5. Nhp vo nt Report v nhp tri chut ln ca s lm vic. 6. Nhp vo nt Flowline v ni li bng cch ko v th.

7. Nhp p vo Source_1 8. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp vo th Properties. 9. Nhp 10 vo hp nhp d liu Temperature v chn C t hp ko th.

10. Nhp 480 vo hp nhp d liu Pressure v chn bara t hp ko th.

11. Nhp OK. 12. Nhp p vo Flowline_1 13. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Properties, chn Simple View t hp ko th Prefered

Pipe Description.

14. Nhp nhng thng s sau: a) Rate ofUndulations: 0 b) Horizontal Distance: 3000 m c) Elevation Difference: 0 m d) Inner Diameter: 100 mm e) Wall Thickness: 12.7 mm f) Roughness: 0.06 mm g) Ambient Temperature: 16 C

15. Nhp OK. 16. Nhp p vo Report-N1, trong ca s hin ra, nh du kim vo Stock Tank Fluid

Properties v Flowing Fluid Properties.

Ch : Report cho php ngi dng thu c nhng bo co ty chn ti bt k v tr no trong m hnh. t bo co vo m hnh nh cch t cc i tng hay nt khc.

17. Nhp OK. 18. Lm tng t vi Report-N2. 19. Xy dng m hnh cht lu Black Oil bng cch chn Setup>Black Oil. 20. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Properties. 21. Trong hp nhp d liu Fluid Name, nhp oil1. 22. Trong vng Stock Tank Properties, nhp nhng thng s sau: a) WCut: 0 % b) GOR: 140 sm3/sm3 c) Gas S.G: 0.64 d) Water S.G: 1.02 e) API: 23.22 23. Trong vng Calibration Data at Bubble Point, nhp nhng thng s sau: a) Pressure: 435 bara b) Temperature: 16 C c) Sat. Gas: 140 sm3/sm3 24. Trong vng Gas Correlation, chn Lasaster t hp ko th.

25. Nhp OK. 26. Chn Flow Correlations bng cch chn Setup>Flow Correlations. 27. Trong ca s Global Data, trong th Flow Correlations, nhp 45 vo hp nhp d liu

Swap angle.

Ch : nhng tng quan thc nghim dng d on tn tht p sut v holdup ca dng chy c phn ra hai nhm: cho dng chy thng ng v dng chy nm ngang. Mi nhm c nhng tng quan thc nghim ph hp cho kiu dng chy . Theo mc nh, khi

Tubing/Pipe lch phng thng ng mt gc b hn 45 th tng quan dng chy cho dng chy thng ng c ngi dng chn s c s dng. Ngoi phm vi ny, tng quan dng chy thng ng s c s dng. Gc lch ny c th c thay i.

28. Nhp OK. 29. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile.

30. Trong ca s hin ra, trong vng Calculated Variable, b trng hp nhp d liu Inlet Pressure, khi gi tr ny s c ly t Source_1.

31. Chn Outlet Pressure. 32. Chn Liquid Rate, nhp 3974.7 v chn sm3/d. 33. Trong vng Sensitivity Data, chn Source_1 t hp ko th Object. 34. Chn Temperature t hp ko th Variable. 35. Trong vng Default Profile Plot, chn Pressure vs Total Distance.

36. Chy m hnh bng cch nhp vo nt Run Model. 37. Quan st phn Primary Output trong Output.

Ch : pha bn phi ca phn ny hin th Flow Pattern.

Ch : ban u dng chy l n pha lng cho n khi p sut gim di p sut im bt kh khi dng chy l a pha. Tng quan thc nghim ca Moody cho dng chy n pha c s dng cho phn u ca ng ng. Trong phn sau, tng quan thc nghim ca Beggs v Brill c s dng. (Hold-up cho tng phn c hin th trong phn Auxiliary Ouput) Con s 1.8 l Erosional velocity ratio, n ch c hin th khi ln hn 1. Bo co ti cc im c hin th trong Output File:

38. Lu m hnh v kt thc.

3. c tnh hot ng ca ging du (Oil Well Performance)

Trong hng dn ny chng ta s m hnh ha s hot ng ca ging, tun theo tin trnh cng vic nh cc v d trc:



Chn nhng tng quan thc nghim ph hp cho dng chy (Flow Correlations).

Chy m hnh.

Quan st v phn tch kt qu.

a) S hot ng ca ging du

1. Chn File>New>Well Performance Analysis. 2. Trong ca s Global Data, chn th Set Units, chn Eng. 3. Nhn OK. 4. Xy dng cc thnh phn vt l ca m hnh. Nhn vo nt Vertical Completion trn

thanh cng c v nhp tri chut vo mn hnh lm vic.

Ch : Vertical Completion cho php m phng dng chy t va vo y ging bng cch s dng ng cong hot ng ca va Inflow Performance Relationship. Ngi dng phi thit lp trc nhng thng s sau:

Nhit va Reservoir Temperature.

p sut va Reservoir Pressure(tuy nhin gi tr ny cng c th l gi tr c tnh ton nu bit hai gi tr bin khc l lu lng v p sut u ra).

Inflow Performance Relationship. Mi quan h gia gim p khi dng chy qua khu vc hon thin ging v lu lng.

Nhng tnh cht ca cht lu chy vo khu vc ny. Ngi dng c th m phng mt ging c hon thin trn nhiu thnh h khc nhau bng cch chng nhiu nt Vertical Completion ln nhau v c th thm Tubing n chng.

5. Nhn vo nt Node trn thanh cng c v nhp tri chut vo mn hnh lm vic.

6. Chn Tubing v ni VertWell_1 vi S1 bng cch ko th chut.

Ch : ng vin mu xung quanh VertWell_1 v Tubing_1 cho thy mt s d liu cn nhp vo ang b thiu.

7. Nhp p vo VertWell_1 8. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Properties, trong vng Reservoir Data, nhp 3600 vo hp

nhp d liu Static Pressure v chn psia t hp ko th. 9. Nhp 250 vo hp nhp d liu Temperature v chn F. 10. Trong vng Completion Model, chn Well PI trong hp ko th Model Type. 11. Trong phn di ca ca s, chn Liq.PI t hp ko th, nhp 8 vo hp nhp d liu v

chn STB/d/psi.

12. Nhp OK.

13. Nhp p vo Tubing_1. 14. Trong ca s hin ra, chn Simple Model t hp ko th Prefered Tubing Model. 15. Nhp 60 vo hp nhp d liu Ambient Temperature v chn F t hp ko th. 16. Trong vng Tubing Section (#1 required, others optional), hang Tubing #1, ct ID nhp

3.958.

17. Trong vng Perforations, hp nhp d liu MD, nhp 8000 v chn ft. 18. Trong hp nhp d liu TVD, nhp 8000 v chn ft. 19. Trong hp nhp d liu Reservoir Temperature, nhp 250 v chn F.

20. Nhp OK. 21. Chn Setup>Black Oil. 22. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Black Oil Properties. 23. Trong hp nhp d liu Fluid Name, nhp Case Study1. 24. Trong vng Stock Tank Properties, nhp vo cc thng s sau: a) WCut: 35 % b) GOR: 400 scf/STB c) Gas S.G: 0.64 d) Water S.G: 1.02

e) API: 23

25. Nhp OK lu li. 26. Chn File>Model as v t tn file l CaseStudy1_OilWell.bps. 27. Chn Flow Correlations bng cch chn Setup>Flow Correlations. 28. Trong c hai vng Vertical Flow v Horizontal Flow, chn Beggs & Brill Revised.

29. Nhn OK. 30. Phn tch Pressure/Temperature Profile bng cch chn Operations>

Pressure/Temperature Profile.

31. Trong ca s hin ra, trong vng Calculated Variable, b trng hp nhp d liu Inlet Pressure.PIPESIM s mc nh gi nh l p sut u vo bng vi Static Pressure c xc nh trong VertWell_1.

32. Chn Outlet Pressure. 33. Chn Liquid Rate, nhp 3000 vo hp nhp d liu v chn STB/d t hp ko th.

34. Chy m hnh bng cch nhp vo nt Run Model. 35. Xem kt qu xut ra PSPlot.

Ch : p sut u ra l 730 psia.

36. Nhn vo th Data xem kt qu di dng bng. 37. sao chp bng d liu kt qu vo Excel, la nhng cn sao chp, nhn +C,

chn mt trong bng tnh Excel v nhn +V. 38. Quan st Summary File (.sum) bng cch chn Reports>Summary File.

Ch : gi tr Liquid hold-up 101 bbl l lng nc trong c ton tuyn ng ng.

39. Quan st Output (.out) bng cch chn Reports>Output File. 40. Output File c chia lm 5 phn: a) Primary Output b) Auxiliary Output c) INPUT DATA ECHO d) Fluid Property Data e) Profile & Flow Correlations 41. Primary Output c chia lm 16 phn: a) Node Number (nt m ti nhng tnh ton trn dng chy c lu li. Theo mc

nh, nhng nt ny t cch nhau 1km). b) Horizontal Distance. c) Elevation d) Horizontal Angle e) Vertical Angle f) Pressure g) Temperature h) Mean mixture velocity i) Elevational Pressure Drop j) Frictional Pressure Drop k) Actual Liquid Flow rate ti iu kin p sut, nhit ca nt. l) Actual Free Gas Rate ti iu kin p sut, nhit ca nt. m) Actual Liquid Density ti iu kin p sut, nhit ca nt. n) Actual Free Gas Density ti iu kin p sut, nhit ca nt. o) Slug Number. p) Flow Pattern.

Ch : Khi p sut gim, hold-up ca cht lng gim. V vy, lu lng cht lng gim duy tr lu lng khi lng khng thay i. Khi p sut gim,khi lng ring ca kh gim, v vy, hold-up ca kh tng ln v vn tc ca kh cng phi tng ln duy tr lu lng khi lng ca kh khng i. Lu lng th tch ca kh tng ln khi p sut gim do kh gin n.

42. Auxiliary Output c chia lm 16 phn: a) Node Number b) Horizontal Distance c) Vertical Elevation d) Pipe ID e) Superficial Liquid Velocity f) Superficial Gas Velocity g) Liquid Mass Flow rate h) Gas Mass Flow rate i) Liquid viscosity j) Gas viscosity k) Reynolds Number l) No-slip liquid hold-up m) Liquid hold-up n) Enthalpy o) Number of Pressure iterations p) Number of Temperature iterations

Ch : gi tr ca s Reynolds (~50000) cho thy dng chy l ri. nht ca cht lng tng khi p sut gim do kh thot ra.

43. Lu m hnh.

b) Phn tch nhy

S dng m hnh t v d trc, chng ta s tip tc phn tch nhy vi p sut va.

1. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile. 2. Trong vng Calculated Variable, b trng hp nhp d liu Inlet Pressure.

3. Chn Outlet Pressure. 4. Chn Liquid Rate, nhp 3000 v chn STB/d t hp ko th. 5. Trong bng pha tri ca ca s, nhp nhng thng s sau: a) Component: VertWell_1 b) Variable: Static Pressure c) Units: psia d) 1: 3600 e) 2: 3000 f) 3: 2400 g) 4: 1000

6. Chy m hnh bng cch nhp vo nt Run Model. 7. Quan st kt qu xut ra PSPlot.

Ch : suy gim p sut dc theo va l ging nhau trong tt c cc trng hp l do PI v lu lng l khng thay i. Trong trng hp p sut va l 1000 psia th p sut khng nng ct cht lng ln n b mt. p sut gim xung cn khng ti su -4000 ft.

8. Chn th Data trong PSPlot xem kt qu di dng bng. 9. Xem xt Output File bng cch chn Reports>Output File. Kt qu xut ra ch cha

thng tin v trng hp th nht (Static Pressure = 3600). 10. xem kt qu cho cc trng hp cn li, chn Setup>Define Output. 11. Trong ca s Global Data, trong th Define Output, nhp 4 co hp nhp d liu No of

cases to print.

12. Chy li m hnh, m kt qu xut ra xem thng tin v nhng trng hp cn li. 13. Chn Setup>Define Output. 14. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Define Output, nh du kim vo Segment Data in

Primary Output v chy li m hnh. 15. M kt qu Output v quan st ta s thy c nhng on mi c thm vo mi bn

ca nt (theo mc nh l cch nt 30 cm v mi pha).

Ch : PIPESIM thc hin vic tnh ton suy gim p sut cho nhng on thm vo ny theo mc nh nhm thu c gi tr trung bnh chnh xc cho nhng tnh cht nh hold-up ca cht lng hay vn tc ti nt chnh.

4. Hiu chnh m hnh cht lu (Black Oil Calibration) v d on c tnh

hot ng ca ging

Tng quan

Mt va du va c tm ra Bin ng. Mt ging ng va c khoan, mt b thit b th va c lp t v c im ca dng chy c phn tch. Ngi ta thu c tnh cht ca cht lu c iu kin bnh cha v trong phng th nghim. Ngi ta cng tin hnh m phng va d on s thay i WCut trong sut thi gian khai thc m. p sut va s c duy tr bng bin php bm p nc, u tin t ra l trnh s dng nhng bin php bm p kh. Ngi k s phi thc hin nhng nhim v sau:

Xy dng mt m hnh IPR c th p dng trong sut qung thi gian khai thc m. M hnh ny cho thy mi quan h gia p sut va, p sut di y ging v dng chy qua thnh h.

Xy dng mt m hnh cht lu Black Oil ph hp vi nhng d liu trong phng th nghim. tnh ton tn tht p sut v c tnh truyn nhit th cn thit phi pht trin mt bin php nhm d on nhng tnh cht vt l ca cht lu.

Chn kch thc ng khai thc ph hp

Xem xt li tnh kh thi ca vic s dng bm p kh thay cho vic bm p nc.

a) Phn tch c tnh hot ng ca ging.

Trong trng hp ny, phng php dng ng IPR dng tuyn tnh c cho l ph hp v cht lu chy vo trong long ging ti p sut cao hn ng k so vi p sut im bt kh v ti

giai on ny, cha c kh thot ra t hn hp. ng IPR ny c dng trong sut thi gian khai thc m. N s khng b nh hng bi nhng thay i ca p sut va bi v p sut va s c duy tr nh bm p nc.

1. Chn File>New>Well Performance Analysis. 2. Trong ca s Global Data, trong th Set Units, trong vng Select Unit System chn Eng. 3. Nhn OK. 4. Xc nh nhng thnh phn vt l ca m hnh. Chn nt Vertical Completion trn thanh

cng c v t ln ca s lm vic. 5. Nhp p vo VertWell_1. 6. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Properties, trong vng Reservoir Data, nhp 4269 vo hp

nhp d liu Static Pressure v chn psia t hp ko th. 7. Nhp 210 vo hp nhp d liu Temperature v chn F t hp ko th. 8. Trong vng Completion Model, chn Well PI t hp ko th Model Type. 9. Nhp vo nt Calculate/Graph.

10. Trong ca s Inflow Performance-Well PI, chn Multipoint. 11. Trong hp nhp d liu Static Pressure, nhp 4269 v chn psia t hp ko th. 12. Trong Fluid Type, chn Liquid t hp ko th. 13. Nhp nhng thng s sau vo bng:

Q Pwf

STB/d psia

2000 4186

3000 4152

4000 4106

5000 4072

Ch : nhn nt Plot IPR xy dng ng cong IPR da trn d liu kho st ca ging. Nhn nt Plot Fit biu din d liu kho st ln th vi trc x l log(Q) v trc y l log(Pws2-Pwf2).

14. Nhn nt Plot IPR. PI tnh c l 25 STB/d/psi, gi tr ny s c s dng trong sut qu trnh tnh ton.

Ch : quan st nhng im hin th, ko chut phi trn ca s cho n khi n vng c im hin th phng to, ko chut tri dc theo nhng im d liu v pha di bn phi ca s. thu nh, ko chut tri v pha trn bn tri ca s.

15. Nhn OK hai ln. 16. Chn End Node trn thanh cng c v t n vo trong ca s. 17. Chn Tubing v ni VertWell_1 v S1. 18. Nhp p vo Tubing_1. 19. Trong ca s hin ra, chn Simple Model t hp ko th Prefered Tubing Model. 20. Nhp 60 vo Ambient Temperature v chn F t hp ko th.

21. Trong vng Tubing Section (#1 required, others optional), hang Tubing #1, ct ID, nhp 3.83.

22. Trong vng Perforation, nhp 9500 vo hp nhp d liu MD v chn ft t hp ko th. 23. Nhp 9500 vo hp nhp d liu TVD v chn ft t hp ko th. 24. Nhp 210 vo Reservoir Temperature v chn F t hp ko th.

Ch : nhn nt Convert to Detailed Model chuyn m hnh Tubing sang Detailed Model.

25. Nhn OK.

b) Xy dng mt m hnh cht lu Black Oil c hiu chnh.

Vic u tin cn lm trc khi tin hnh bt k phn tch no l xy dng mt m hnh cht lu. T nhng tnh cht vt l ca cht lu trong nhng iu kin p sut v nhit khc nhau s c xc nh. Nhng tnh cht ny sau s c dung xc nh pha cht lu tn ti, kiu dng chy, gim p trong khu vc dng chy n v a pha v nhit ta ra hay thu vo t mi trng xung quanh. Nhng s liu thu c t nhng phn tch trong phng th nghim c cho trong bng sau:

Fluid Analysis

Stock Tank Oil Properties

Watercut 0%

GOR 892 scf/STB

Gas SG 0.83

Water SG 1.02

Oil API 36.83

Bubble Point Properties

Pressure 2647 psia

Temperature 210 F

Solution Gas 892 scf/STB

Blackoil Calibration Data

OFVF (trn im bt kh) 1.49 ti 4269 psia v 210 F OFVF (di im bt kh) 1.38 ti 2000 psia v 210 F Dead Oil Viscosity 0.31 cp @ 200 F v 0.92 @ 60 F

Live Oil Viscosity 0.29 cp @ 2000 psia v 210 F

Gas Viscosity 0.019 cp @ 2000 psia v 210 F

Gas Compressibility (Z) 0.85 @ 2000 psia v 210 F

1. Xy dng m hnh cht lu Black Oil. Chn Setup>Black Oil. 2. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Black Oil Properties. 3. Trong vng Fluid Name, nhp oil. 4. Trong vng Stock Tank Properties, nhp nhng thng s sau: a) WCut: 0 % b) GOR: 892 scf/STB c) Gas S.G: 0.83 d) Water S.G: 1.02 e) API: 36.83

Ch : Coning Table cho php nhp nhng gi tr ca t s kh du v watercut. c tnh ny cho php m phng nhng nh ca hin tng nc hay kh xm nhp vo va.

5. Chn th Advanced Calibration Data (Optional). 6. Chn Single Point Calibration. 7. Trong vng At Bubble Point, nhp 892 vo hp nhp d liu Sat.Gas v chn scf/STB t

hp ko th. 8. Nhp 2647 vo hp k tip v chn F tng ng vi n. 9. Chn Lasaster t hp ko th. 10. vng At or Below Bubble Point, chn OFVF. 11. Chn Standing t hp ko th pha cui hang u tin. 12. Chn Chew & Connally t hp ko th pha cui hng th hai. 13. Chn Standing t hp ko th pha cui hng th t. 14. Nhp vo nt Generate Tables. 15. Nhn vo nt Plot PVT Data (Laboratory Conditions).

Ch : trong th Advanced Calibration Data (Optional), c ba la chn:

No Calibration: khng c sn d liu hiu chnh cho m hnh cht lu.

Single Point Calibration: trong nhng trng hp gi tr o c hi khc so vi gi tr tnh c t m hnh cht lu. Trong nhng trng hp ny, vic hiu chnh tnh cht

ca cht lu bng nhng gi tr o l cn thit. PIPESIM da vo nhng gi tr o bit ny tnh mt hng s gi l hng s hiu chnh Kc. Kc = Gi tr o c ca tnh cht @ (P/T)/Gi tr tnh c ca tnh cht @ (P/T). Hng s ny s c s dng hiu chnh li nhng tnh ton tip theo cho mt tnh cht cn bit. Gi tr c hiu chnh = Kc.Gi tr tnh c.

Multipoint Calibration: nhng tng quan thc nghim s c hiu chnh cho ph hp vi tt c d liu o c. Nhng ng cong m n to ra trn th s i qua tt c nhng im d liu. y khng phi l mt phng php ph hp nht, tt c mi im phi c hiu chnh mt cch chnh xc nht.

Nt Plot PVT Data: to ra mt th vi nhng ng biu din mi quan h gia nhng tnh cht ca cht lu v p sut/nhit .

@ Laboratory Conditions GOR = GSAT: c tnh ny s thit lp gi tr GOR bng vi gi tr Saturation Gas c xc nh trc trong vng At Bubble Point.

@ Reservoir Conditions: PIPESIM s s dng gi tr GOR c xc nh trc trong GOR trong hp thoi chnh Black Oil Properties.

16. Trong th hin ra, nhn Series hin th h s th tch thnh h ln trc y.

Ch : ng cong cha c hiu chnh ng vi nhit 210 F cho thy gi tr OFVF d on cao hn gi tr o c c di v trn p sut bo ha.

Ti p sut 4269 psia, gi tr d on l 1.52 cao hn so vi gi tr o c l 1.49

Ti p sut 2000 psia, gi tr d on l 1.41 cao hn so vi gi tr o c l 1.38 17. hiu chnh gi tr OFVF trn p sut im bo ha, chn Advanced Calibration Data. 18. Trong vng Above Bubble Point, nhp 1.49 v chn OFVF t hp ko th. 19. Trong cng hng nhp 4269 v 210 vo hai hp nhp d liu trc Vasquez Beggs.

20. Nhp vo nt Plot PVT Data (Laboratory Conditions).

21. hiu chnh gi tr OFVF di p sut im bt kh, lm tng t. Chn th Advanced Calibration Data.

22. Trong vng At or Below Bubble Point, nhp 1.38 v chn OFVF t hp ko th. 23. Trong cng hng nhp 2000 v 210 ln lt vo hai hp nhp d liu pha trc

Standing.

24. Nhn nt Plot PVT Data (Laboratory Conditions). Ch : hiu chnh gi tr nht ca du cn hai gi tr nht ca du cht. Gi tr cha hiu chnh c tnh bng cch s dng tng quan ca Beggs v Robinson, tng ng l 1.562 cp @ 200 F v 23 cp @ 60 F. Tng quan ca Beggs v Robinson s dng t trng API ca du d on hai gi tr nht du cht da trn d liu t khong 2000 im d liu ca 600 h du khc nhau

25. Xem th cha hiu chnh ca nht du theo p sut bng cch thay i PSPlot.

Ch : theo tng quan ca Beggs v Robinson, gi tr d on ca nht ti nhit 70 F v 14.7 psia l khong 23 cp. Gi tr ny khc kh ng k so vi gi tr nht ca du o c v iu ny s dn ti sai s trong vic d on gim p.

26. Nhp hai gi tr o c 0.31 cp @ 200 F v 0.92 cp @ 60 F. 27. Chn th Viscosity Data (Optional), trong vng Dead Oil Viscosity, chn Users Data for

Correlation.

28. Nhp 200 v chn F. 29. Trong hng th hai, nhp 60 v chn F. 30. Trong vng Viscosity, nhp 0.31 vo hp nhp d liu trn hng u tin v chn cp. 31. Nhp 0.92 vo hp nhp d liu trn hng th hai v chn cp. 32. Trong vng Live Oil Viscosity, chn Chew & Connally. 33. Trong vng Liquid Viscosity CalculationMethod, nhp 60 vo hp nhp d liu

Watercut Cutoff, v chn %.

34. Nhp vo Set equal to:. 35. Trong vng Undersaturated Oil Viscosity, chn Vasquez & Beggs.

Ch : gi tr nht du d on ti p sut 14.7 psia v nhit 60 F l 0.92 ph hp vi gi tr nht du o c trong phng th nghim. 36. Chn th Advanced Calibration Data. 37. Trong vng At or Below Bubble Point, nhp 0.29 vo hp nhp d liu Live Oil

Viscosity v chn cp. 38. Nhp ln lt 2000 v 210 vo hai hp nhp d liu trc Chew & Connally. 39. Nhp vo nt Plot PVT Data (Laboratory Conditions).

Ch : gi tr nht du d on ti nhit 210 F v p sut 2000 psia l 0.29 cp ph hp vi gi tr o c trong phng th nghim.

40. hiu chnh nht ca kh, chn th Advanced Calibration Data. 41. Nhp 0.019 vo hp nhp d liu Gas Viscosity v chn cp. 42. Nhp 2000 v 210 vo hai hp nhp d liu pha trc Lee et al trong cng hng. 43. Nhp nt Plot PVT Data (Laboratory Conditions). 44. hiu chnh h s nn ca kh, chn th Advanced Calibration Data. 45. Nhp 0.85 vo hp nhp d liu Gas Z. 46. Nhp 2000 v 210 vo hai hp nhp d liu pha trc Standing. 47. Nhn nt Plot PVT Data (Laboratory Conditions).

c) La chn kch thc ng khai thc thch hp.

Tm kch thc ng khai thc nh nht p ng c k hoch khai thc a ra trn c s l ng khai thc ny s khng b thay th trong sut thi gian khai thc. Kch thc ng khai thc c sn l 3.34, 3.83, 4.28.

Nm Watercut % Lu lng du sbbl/d

0 0 13000

1 0 13000

2 0 13000

3 0 13000

4 12 11600

5 20 9800

6 35 7800

7 40 6700

8 47 5800

9 54 4500

10 60 3600

1. Chn tng quan dng chy bng cch chn Setup> Flow Correlations. 2. Chn tng quan cho dng chy a pha thng ng l Hagedorn & Brown. 3. Nhn OK. 4. Chn Operations>System Analysis. Ch : System Analysis cho php ngi dng d on c tnh hot ng ca mt h thng cho trc trong nhng iu kin hot ng khc nhau da trn nn tng phn tch t trng hp ny n trng hp khc (trong khi, trong Pressure/Temperature Profile, hot ng ca h thng c phn tch t im ny n im khc). 5. Trong vng Calculated Variable, nhp 4269 v chn psia. 6. Nhp 600 vo Outlet Pressure v chn psia. 7. Chn Liquid Rate. 8. Nhp nhng s liu sau vo bng bn di.

9. Nhp Run Model chy m hnh.

Ch : kch thc ng khai thc nh nht tha mn yu cu l 3.83.

d) Phn tch tnh kh thi ca vic bm p kh

Dng Artificial Lift Performance xc nh lng kh bm p cn thit t c lu lng khai thc 3600 sbbl/d khi p sut va suy gim ch cn 3700 psia.

1. Nhp p VertWell_1. 2. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Properties, nhp 3700 vo hp nhp d liu Static

Pressure v chn psia. 3. Nhn OK. 4. Nhp p Tubing_1. 5. Trong ca s hin ra, chn Simple Model t hp ko th Prefered Tubing Model. 6. Nhp 60 vo hp nhp d liu Ambient Temperature v chn F. 7. Nhp 3.3.8 vo ct ID hng Tubing #1. 8. Trong vng Perforations, nhp 8000 vo hp nhp d liu MD v chn ft. 9. Nhp 8000 vo hp nhp d liu TVD v chn ft. 10. Nhp 100 vo Reservoir Temperature v chn F t hp ko th. 11. Nhp 0.6 vo Specific Gravity. 12. Chn Operations>Artificial Lift Performance. Ch : PIPESIM h tr hai phng php bm p kh lin tc Gas Lift v ESP. Artificial Lift Performance cho php ngi dng phn tch hiu qu ca vic dng kh h tr dng chy trong ging. Vi nhng d liu ca m hnh h thng, PIPESIM s tnh ton v hin th nhng ng cong biu din mi quan h gia lu lng kh bm p hay tc ESP vi lu lng khai thc cht lng. Nhng ng cong ny cng c th c to ra kt hp cng vi vic phn tch nhy ca nhiu thng s nh p sut u ging, watercut 13. Nhp 600 vo Outlet Pressure v chn psia. 14. Trong vng Sensitivity, chn System Data t hp ko th Object. 15. Chn Water Cut t Variable. 16. Trong vng Artificial Lift, chn Gas. 17. Chn mmscf/d v nhp nhng s liu sau vo bng bn di. a) 0 b) 0.5 c) 1 d) 1.5 e) 2 f) 2.5 g) 3

18. Nhn Run Model chy m hnh.

Chng 2

1. Thit k ging du

a) M hnh ging Gii php h thng

Xy dng mt m hnh ging t nhng d liu c bn cho trc sau v tm p sut y ging, nhit dng chy u ging v lu lng khai thc.

1. Khi ng PIPESIM. 2. Chn NEW Single Branch Model. 3. Trong ca s Global Data, chn th Set Units, chn Eng. 4. Nhn OK. 5. Xc nh nhng thnh phn vt l ca m hnh. Chn Vertical Completion v t ln

mn hnh lm vic. 6. Nhn p vo VertWell_1. 7. Trong th Properties, nhp 3600 vo hp nhp d liu Static Pressure v chn psia t hp

ko th. 8. Nhp 200 vo Temperature v chn F t hp ko th. 9. Trong vng Completion Model, chn Well PI t hp ko th Model Type. 10. Trong na di ca ca s, chn Liq. PI t hp ko th, nhp 8 vo hp nhp d liu v

chn STB/d/psi. 11. Chn Use nolinear correction below bubble point.

12. Nhn OK. 13. Nhp p vo Tubing_1. 14. Chn Detail Model t Preferred Tubing Model. 15. Chn th Deviation Survey. 16. Nhp s liu vo bng bn di. 17. Nhp vo Angle trong vng Dependent Parameter.

Ch : nt Calculate: hai trong ba thng s TVD, MD v Angle phi c nhp, nhn Calculate tnh thng s cn li. Nhn nt Summary Table hin th mt bng tm tt nhng nt m phng da trn nhng m t t Simple View.

18. Chn th Geothermal Survey. 19. Nhp vo Enter MDs. 20. Nhp s liu vo bng bn di.

21. Chn th Tubing Configurations. 22. Nhp s liu vo bng bn di.

23. Nhn OK. 24. Chn Setup>Black Oil. 25. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Black Oil Properties. 26. Nhp Case Study 1 vo hp nhp d liu Fluid Name. 27. Trong vng Stock Tank Properties, nhp nhng thng s sau: a) WCut: 10 % b) GOR: 500 scf/STB c) Gas S.G: 0.8 d) Water S.G: 1.05 e) API: 36

Ch : nhng tng quan thc nghim PVT mc nh, khng hiu chnh d liu.

28. Nhn nt Export. M hnh cht lu ny s c thm vo c s d liu. 29. Nhn OK. 30. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile. 31. Trong ca s hin ra, b trng hp nhp d liu Inlet Pressure. PIPESIM s gi nh l p

sut u vo l p sut tnh ca va. 32. Nhp 300 vo hp nhp d liu Outlet Pressure v chn psia. 33. Chn Liquid Rate.

34. Nhn Run Model chy m hnh.

35. xem nhng thng s khc trn th nhn vo Series. 36. thu c lu lng khai thc, p sut dng chy y ging v nhit dng chy u

ging, ng th li ri m Reports>Summary File.

b) M hnh ging Phn tch im nt Nodal Analysis.

S dng m hnh trong v d trc, thc hin Nodal Analysis vi p sut u ra cho trc xc nh im hot ng (p sut y ging v lu lng) v AOFP ca ging.

1. Chn biu tng Nodal Analysis vo y ging.

Ch : Nodal Analysis Point l im nm trn m hnh, xc nh v tr m ti m hnh s c chia thnh 2 phn trong mt phn tch im nt. im ny phi l im ni gia hai vt th khc vi nhau. im ny thng c t :

y ging , gia khu vc hon thin ging v ng khai thc.

u ging, pha trc cc thit b u ging, gia thit b u ging v ng khai thc.

u ging, pha sau cc thit b u ging, gia thit b u ging v Flowline hay Riser

Gia Flowline v Riser. 2. Chn Operations>Nodal Analysis. Ch : Nodal Analysis trong PIPESIM c nh ngha nh l phn tch mt h thng khai thc tng bng cch t nt ti khu vc Sand-face, ng khai thc ca ging, ng ng Flowline v bnh tch Separator.

Mt nt c xem l hot ng khi tn ti mt chnh p khi dng chy i qua n. Trong Nodal Analysis, h thng c chia thnh hai na ti im nt tnh ton. im nt ny c nh ngha l im m ti s chnh lch gia p sut pha trc v pha sau nt l bng khng. im ny c hin th trn th l im giao ca ng c tnh dng vo v ng c tnh dng ra. 3. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp 300 vo hp nhp d liu Outlet Pressure v chn psia. 4. B trng Max Rate (PIPESIM s tnh ton lu lng cho ti AOFP) 5. B trng Inflow Sensitivity v Outflow Sensitivity.

Ch : nt Limits dng iu chnh kt qu th xut ra.

6. Chy m hnh v kim tra kt qu.

c) M hnh ging Hiu chnh PVT (PVT Calibration).

Hiu chnh m hnh cht lu bng cch dng nhng d liu PVT o c. Sau , chy li m hnh trong bi tp u tin.

1. Chn Setup>Black Oil. 2. Trong ca s hin ra, chn Users Data cho Correlation. 3. Nhp 200 vo hp nhp d liu Temperature v chn F. 4. Nhp 60 vo hp nhp d liu trn hng th hai v chn F. 5. Trong vng Viscosity, nhp 1.5 v chn cp. 6. Nhp 10 vo hp nhp d liu trn hng th hai v chn cp. 7. Trong vng Live Oil Viscosity, chn Chew & Connally. 8. Trong vng Liquid Viscosity Calculation Method, nhp 60 vo hp nhp d liu

Watercut v chn %. Ch : gi tr ny chnh l gi tr watercut m ti nht ca hn hp c tnh theo nht ca nc. Gi tr mc nh l 60. 9. Nhn vo Set equal to:. 10. Trong vng Undersaturated Oil Viscosity, chn Vasquez & Beggs.

11. Chn th Advanced Calibration Data (Optional). 12. Chn Single Point Calibration. 13. Trong vng Above Bubble Point, chn OFVF t hp ko th v nhp 1.16. 14. Trn cng hng, ln lt nhp 3000 v 200 v hai hp nhp d liu pha trc Vasquez &

Beggs.

15. Trong vng At Bubble Point, nhp 500 vo hp nhp d liu Sat. Gas v chn scf/STB t hp ko th.

16. Trong nhng hp nhp d liu k tip nhp 2100 v 200. 17. Chn Lasaster t hp ko th. 18. Trong vng At or Below Bubble Point, chn OFVF v nhp 1.22 vo hp nhp d liu

hng u tin. 19. Nhp 2100 v 200 vo hai hp nhp d liu trn cng hng v chn Standing. 20. Nhp 1.1 vo hp nhp d liu Live Oil Visc. v chn cp. 21. Nhp 2100 v 200 ln lt vo hai hp nhp d liu trn cng hng v chn Chew &

Connally t hp ko th. 22. Nhp 0.029 vo Gas Viscosity v chn cp. 23. Nhp ln lt 2100 v 200 trn cng hng v chn Vasquez & Beggs. 24. Nhp 0.8 vo vng Gas Z. 25. Trn cng hng nhp 2100 v 200, chn Standing.

26. Nhn vo nt Plot PVT Data (Laboratory Conditios).

27. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile. 28. Trong ca s hin ra, b trng Inlet Pressure. PIPESIM s t gi nh l p sut u vo

bng p sut tnh ca va. 29. Nhp 300 vo Outlet Pressure v chn psia. 30. Chn Liquid Rate. 31. Chy m hnh.

d) M hnh ging Xc nh tng quan dng chy ph hp (Flow Correlations).

S dng nhng d liu o c chn tng quan dng chy thng ng ph hp nht. T xc nh p sut dng chy y ging.

1. Chn Operations>Flow Correlation Matching. Ch : chc nng ny cho php ngi dng so snh nhng d liu o c vi nhng d liu tnh ton, v vy, c th xc nh c nhng tng quan thc nghim ph hp nht cho m hnh.

2. Trong ca s hin ra, chn Inlet Pressure. 3. Nhp 300 vo hp nhp d liu Outlet Pressure v chn psia. 4. Chn Liquid Rate, nhp 6500 v chn STB/d t hp ko th. 5. Chn Vertical trong vng Flow Correlation type. 6. Trong bng Flow Correlations, nh du kim Beggs & Brill Revised, Duns & Ros, v

Hagedorn & Brown.

7. nhp nhng d liu o c, chn Data/Load/Add Measured Data.

8. Nhn nt Measured Data xem li d liu o c nhp.

9. Nhp run Model chy chng trnh..

10. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile. 11. Chn Setup>Flow Correlations. 12. Trong ca s Flow Correlations, chn Hagedorn & Brown t hp ko th Vertical Flow

(Multiphase).

13. Nhn OK v Run Model.

e) M hnh ging Xy dng ng c tnh dng vo IPR ph hp.

Vi tng quan dng chy chnh xc c xc nh trong bi tp trc, tm ng IPR ph hp nht vi nhng d liu thu c bit p sut va l 3600 psia. AOFP ca ging l bao nhiu khi s dng ng IPR mi? PI c d on trong khong 5 n 10 stb/d/psi.

Ch : chn tng quan dng chy trc bng cch chn Setup>Flow Correlations.

1. Chn Operations>System Analysis. 2. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp 3600 vo hp nhp d liu Static Pressure v chn psia t hp

ko th. 3. Nhp 300 vo hp nhp d liu Outlet Pressure v chn psia. 4. Chn Liquid Rate. 5. Nhp s liu vo bng pha di ca s, ct X axis variable: a) 1:5 b) 2:6 c) 3:7 d) 4:8 e) 5:9 f) 6:10 6. B trng Sensitivity variable 1.

Ch : nu chn Permuted against each other th nhng gi tr ca cc bin c phn tch nhy s ln lt kt hp vi nhau, tc l (x1,y1), (x2, y1), (x1, y2) v (x2,y2). Cn nu chn Change in Step th chng s kt hp theo th t (x1,y1), (x2,y2). nh du kim vo hp Active phn tch h thng m b qua vic phn tch nhy cho bin tng ng di du kim.

7. Nhn nt Run Model. Xem xt kt qu hin th tm kt qu cho bi ton.

8. Chn Operations>Nodal Analysis. 9. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp 300 vo hp nhp d liu Outlet Pressure v chn psia t hp

ko th. 10. B trng hp nhp d liu Max Rate (PIPESIM s tnh ton lu lng cho n AOFP). 11. Trong Variable, chn VertWell_1 t hp ko th Object. 12. Chn Productivity t Variable. 13. Nhp nhng s liu sau vo bng: a) 1:5 b) 2:6 c) 3:7 d) 4:8 e) 5:9 f) 6:10 14. B trng Outflow Sensitivity.

15. Nhn nt Run Model v xem xt kt qu tr li bi ton.

Ch : Sau khi xc nh c ng PI ph hp, thay i ng PI ny cho m hnh ging.

f) M hnh ging Phn tch nhy (Sensitivity Analysis)

Cho trc p sut u ging v p sut va, xc nh watercut khi ging ngng chy.

1. Chn Operations>System Analysis. 2. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp 300 vo Outlet Pressure v chn psia t hp ko th. 3. Chn Liquid Rate. 4. B trng Sensitivity variable 1. 5. Nhp s liu vo bng:

6. Nhn nt Run Model chy chng trnh. Xc nh watercut ti lu lng khai thc

bng 0.

7. Chn Operations>Nodal Analysis. 8. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp 300 vo hp nhp d liu Outlet Pressure v chn psia. 9. Trong vng Ouflow Sensitivity, nhp cc gi tr water cut ln lt l 30%, 40%, 50%,

60%, 70%.

10. B trng Inflow Sensitivity. 11. Nhn nt Run Model. Xc nh gi tr water cut ph hp.

g) M hnh ging System Analysis, Artificial Lift

Kim tra phn ng ca ging khi bm p kh. Bm p kh vo ng khai thc ti sau 8000 ft MD. Ging s phn ng nh th no khi water cut t 10% tng ln n 60%. Xc nh lu lng khai thc ng vi cc lu lng bm p khc nhau va ng vi cc gi tr water cut khc nhau.

Injection gas SG: 0.6

Injection gas surface temperature: 100 F.

1. Nhp p Tubing_1. 2. Trong ca s hin ra, chn Detailed Model t hp ko th Preferred Tubing Model. 3. Chn th Downhole Equipment. 4. Chn Gas Lift njection t hp ko th. 5. Nhp 8000 vo ct MD.

6. Nhp p vo Properties.

7. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp 1 vo hp nhp d liu v chn mmscf/d. 8. Nhp 100 vo Surface Injection Gas Temperature v chn F.

9. Nhp OK hai ln. 10. Chn Operations>System Analysis. 11. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp 300 vo hp nhp d liu Outlet Pressure v chn psia t hp

ko th. 12. Chn Liquid Rate. 13. Trong bng pha tri ca ca s, nhp nhng thng s sau cho bin X-axis: a) 1:0 b) 2:0.2 c) 3:0.5 d) 4:1 e) 5:1.5 f) 6:2 14. Nhp nhng gi tr water cut vo Sensitivity variable 1: a) 1;10% b) 2:60%

15. Nhn nt Run Model, quan st kt qu xut ra tm li gii.

2. M hnh c tnh hot ng ca ging Nodal Analysis

Mt ging du hin ang khai thc di kh nng. Mt s bin php lm tng lu lng khai thc gm c Stimulation v bm p kh. Thc hin Nodal Analysis nh gi li ch tng i ca nhng bin php ny.

a) Nodal Analysis

Vi nhng d liu cho trc, xy dng mt m hnh ging, thc hin Nodal Analysis xc nh p sut dng chy di y ging v lu lng khai thc khi bit p sut dng chy u ging. Gi s dng tng quan dng chy Beggs & Brill Revised.

1. Chn File>New>Well Performance Analysis. 2. Trong ca s Global Data, chn th SetUnits, chn Eng trong vng Select Unit System. 3. Nhn OK. 4. Xc nh thnh phn vt l ca m hnh. Nhn nt Vertical Completion trn thanh cng

c v t vo mn hnh lm vic. 5. Chn Node v t vo mn hnh lm vic. 6. Chn Tubing v ni VertWell_1 v S1 bng cch ko th chut.

7. Nhp p vo VertWell_1. 8. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Properties, trong vng Reservoir Data, nhp 3700 vo

Static Pressure v chn psia. 9. Nhp 170 vo Temperature v chn F. 10. Trong vng Completion Model, chn Pseudo steady state cho Model Type. 11. Trong vng Basis of IPR Calculation, chn Liquid t hp ko th. 12. Dng du kim vo hp Use Vogel below bubble point. 13. Nhp 50 vo hp nhp d liu Permeability v chn md t hp ko th. 14. Nhp 30 vo hp nhp d liu Thickness v chn ft t hp ko th. 15. Nhp 6 vo hp nhp d liu Wellbore Diameter v chn inches t hp ko th. 16. Nhp vo Enter Skin trong vng Mechanical Skin v nhp 3 vo hp nhp d liu. 17. Trong vng Reservoir Size/Shape, nhp Drainage Radius v nhp 2000 vo hp nhp d

liu, chn ft t hp ko th.

18. Nhn Calculate trong Rate Dependent Skin.

19. Nhn OK. 20. Nhp p Tubing_1. 21. Trong ca s hin ra, chn Simple Model t hp ko th Preferred Tubing Model. 22. Nhp 60 vo hp nhp d liu Ambient Temperature v chn F t hp ko th. 23. Nhp 2000 vo hp nhp d liu Kick Off MD v chn ft t hp ko th. 24. Trong vng Tubing Sections (#1 required, others optional), trong hng Tubing #1, ct

MD nhp 7500. 25. Trong hng Tubing #1, ct ID, nhp 2.992 vo hp nhp d liu. 26. Trong vng Perforations, nhp 7500 vo hp nhp d liu MD v chn ft t hp ko th. 27. Nhp 7000 vo hp nhp d liu TVD v chn ft t hp ko th. 28. Nhp 170 vo hp nhp d liu Reservoir Temperature v chn F t hp ko th.

29. Nhn OK. 30. Xy dng m hnh cht lu Black Oil. Chn Setup>Black Oil.

Ch : Dng nhng tng quan PVT mc nh v khng dng nhng gi tr hiu chnh. 31. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Black Oil Properties. 32. Nhp Case Study 2 vo hp nhp d liu Fluid Name. 33. Trong vng Stock Tank Properties, nhp nhng thng s sau: a) WCut: 40% b) GOR: 500 scf/STB c) Gas S.G: 0.71 d) Water S.G:1.1 e) API: 26 34. Trong vng Data at Bubble Point, nhp nhng thng s sau: a) Pressure: 2000 psia b) Temperature: 170 F c) Sat. Gas: 500 scf/STB 35. Trong vng Solution Gas Correlation, chn Lasaster t hp ko th.

36. Nhp nt Export, sau nhn OK. M hnh cht lu ny s c lu vo trong d liu. 37. Chn biu tng Nodal Analysis vo m hnh (gia ng khai thc v vng hon thin

ging). 38. Chn Operations>Nodal Analysis. 39. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp 250 vo hp nhp d liu Outlet Pressure v chn psia. 40. B trng Max Rate. 41. B trng Inflow Sensitivity v Outflow Sensitivity.

42. Nhn Run Model v xc nh kt qu.

Ch : trn biu , nhp chut tri vo im hot ng, p sut dng chy di y ging v lu lng khai thc s c hin th gc di tay phi ca mn hnh.

b) Nodal Analysis Phn tch nhy (Sensitivity Analysis).

nh gi s thay i ca lu lng khai thc khi p dng cc bin php stimulation v bm p kh bng cch s dng bin php phn tch im nt. Gi s h s skin ca ging c th gim t 3 xung 0 nu ging c x l a xt v xung -2 nu c nt va thy lc. Bm p kh ti su 4500 (vi t trng kh nn 0.6 v nhit kh nn trn b mt l 90 F).

1. Nhp p Tubing_1. 2. Trong ca s hin ra, trong vng Artificial Lift (Optional), nhp Gas Lift. 3. Nhp 4500 vo hp nhp d liu MD v chn ft.

4. Nhn nt Properties, chn Gas Rate t hp ko th. Nhp 0 vo hp nhp d liu v chn

mmscf/d.

5. Nhp 90 vo Surface Injection Gas Temperature v chn F. 6. Nhp 60 vo vng Gas Specific Gravity.

7. Nhn OK hai ln. 8. Chn Operations>Nodal Analysis. 9. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp 250 vo Outlet Pressure v chn psia t hp ko th. 10. B trng Max Rate. 11. Trong vng Inflow Sensitivity, chn VertWell_1 t hp ko th Object v chn Skin t

hp ko th Variable. 12. Trong vng Inflow Sensitivity, nhp ba gi tr h s ri -2, 0 v 3. 13. Trong vng Outflow Sensitivity, chn Tubing_1 t hp ko th Object v chn G/L Rate

t hp ko th Variable. 14. Trong bng Outflow Sensitivity, nhp nhng gi tr ca lu lng kh bm p 0, 0.5, 1.0

v 2.0.

15. Chy m hnh v xem xt kt qu.

c) Nodal Analysis Phn tch nhy i vi tng quan dng chy.

Tng quan ca Beggs & Brill c s dng rng ri v l tng quan mc nh ca PIPESIM. Trong phn ny chng ta s s dng mt tng quan thc nghim khc so snh. Tng quan ca Mukherjee & Brill c tnh n nhng nh hng ca nht, trong nhiu trng hp nhng nh hng ny l rt ng k v du tng i nng. Lp li bi tp trc dng tng quan ca Mukherjee & Brill.

1. Chn Setup>Flow Correlations. 2. Trong ca s m ra, chn Mukherjee & Brill t hp ko th Correlation trong vng

Vertical Flow (Multiphase).

3. Nhn OK. 4. Chn Operations>Nodal Analysis. 5. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp 250 vo hp nhp d liu Outlet Pressure v chn psia. 6. B trng Max Rate. 7. Trong vng Inflow Sensitivity, chn VertWell_1 t hp ko th Object v chn Skin t

hp ko th Variable. 8. Nhp nhng gi tr h s ri vo bng -2, 0, 3. 9. Trong vng Outflow Sensitivity, chn Tubing_1 t hp ko th Object v G/L Rate t

hp ko th Variable. 10. Nhp nhng gi tr lu lng kh bm p vo bng 0, 0.5, 1, 2.

11. Chy m hnh v xem xt kt qu.

3. M hnh hot ng ca ging kh (M hnh cht lu Compositional).

Mt ging kh va c khoan xong. D liu th va DST c, d liu FGS cng c sn ly t mt ging tng t c hon thin trc .

a) M hnh ging n gin

Bi tp u tin l xy dng mt m hnh ging kh. Nhim v:

Xc nh hm lng nc bo ha ti iu kin va.

S dng hm lng nc bo ha xy dng mt biu pha.

Vi p sut u ging 800 psia, xc n lu lng dng chy, p sut dng chy di y ging v nhit u ging.

M hnh cht lu Compositional (Setup>Compositional).

Vic m phng tnh cht ca cht lu bng m hnh Compositional thng c nh gi l chnh xc hn, nhng cng tn nhiu thi gian v d liu x l ca my tnh hn l vic dng m hnh Black Oil. N c thit k gii quyt nhng vn lin quan n nhng cht lu nh, d bay hi i hi phi c nhng tnh ton v truyn nhit rt chnh xc. Compositional Module ny cung cp nhng phng thc hot ng cn bn sau:

Nhng bng hay d liu PVT t cc c s d liu, ng dng, m phng PVT bn ngoi PIPESIM (khng dng c trong Network Module). Nhng bng hay d liu ny cng c th do PIPESIM to ra, v d nh cht lu ca mt s ging c cng thnh phn khi d liu ca ging ny c th c nhp hay xut ra cho mt ging khc

In-line Flashing (phn tch bay hi nhanh), y l la chn mc nh ca PIPESIM. N s xy dng nhng bng hay d liu PVT trong khi vic m phng ang din ra, c ba ty chn khc nhau trong phng php ny: o Lun lun dng php ni suy phng php nhanh nht v t chnh xc nht.

tng tc m phng khng phi tt c mi im PT u c phn tch bay hi (flashed). Mt li gm nhng im nhit , p sut c xy dng, ch ti nhng im ny phn tch bay hi nhanh c thc hin. Ti nhng im khc khng nm chnh xc trn li im, php ni suy 4 im c s dng.

o Dng php ni suy khi tin n gn ranh gii pha: la chn ny c s dng

khi mt trong 4 im c dng trong php ni suy nm pha khc. Trong trng hp ny, ti im p sut v nhit , mt phn tch bay hi y s c thc hin. Phng php ny ci thin chnh xc nhng tc chm hn.

o Lun lun thc hin phn tch bay hi y . Rt chnh xc v rt chm. la chn cc ty chn ny, chn Setup>Flashing

Trong m hnh cht lu Compositional, c hai kiu thnh phn c sn l cc thnh phn c sn trong c s d liu Component Database v nhng thnh phn phi c nh ngha trong Petroleum Fractions.

Trong c s d liu cha nhiu thnh phn Component Database, chn nhng thnh phn cn thit ri nhn nt Add. Thnh phn tn ti di dng nc s c mu xanh. Thao tc ny s thm nhng thnh phn chn vo hp thoi Hydrocacbon bn phi ca s.

Trong Petroleum Fractions, xc nh mt thnh phn, u tin cn nhp tn, cc thng s c trng tng ng ca n, sau nhn nt Add to Composition. Trong th Petroleum Fractions, xy dng mt thnh phn mi ta lm nh sau:

o Nhp tn, v d C7+. o Nhp gi tr cho cc tnh cht nh BO, MW o LV (gi tr tham kho cho nht ca cht lng) ch dng khi hiu chnh nht. o Nhn nt Add to Composition. Khi mt thnh phn mi c xy dng n c

hin th vi mu . iu ny cho bit d liu cn nhp l cha y . Khi d liu c nhp hng d liu s chuyn thnh mu en. Sau khi chn hng tng ng vi thnh phn cn nhp, nhn nt Add to Composition thm n vo c s thnh phn chnh.

Nhn nt Add to Composition:

GLR: c tnh ny cho php hiu chnh thnh phn ca cht lu sao cho ph hp vi mt gi tr ring ca watercut hay t s GOR.

Nhn nt Perform Calculation, khi c kt qu nhn Update component list cp nht thnh phn.

Expimental Matching: c tnh ny dng hiu chnh nhng tnh cht c c lng ca cc thnh phn xy dng trong Petroleum Fractions bng nhng gi tr o c t th nghim ca tnh cht cht lu, im bt kh hay ng sng.

Dew Point Data: nhp gi tr p sut v nhit ca im ng sng bit. Bubble Point Data: nhp gi tr p sut v nhit ca im bt kh bit. Viscosity Data:nhp gi tr nhit , p sut v nht bit. Options: c nhiu kiu d liu la chn, thng thng mc nh, cc im d liu phi c cng kiu Options. Nhn nt Perform Calculation, h s Accentric Factor ca thnh phn trong Petroleum Fractions s c iu chnh cho n khi d liu tnh ton v o c bit l ph hp. Khi , nhn nt Update Composition cp nht. Quality Line: la chn ng phn trm ca hydrocacbon mun hin th trn gin pha

ri nhn nt Phase Env.

Phase Envelope (Gin pha). Gin pha s hin th:

ng im ng sng (Dew line)

ng im bt kh (Bubble line)

im ti hn (Critical Point)

ng hydrate (Hydrate line)

ng to bng (Ice line)

ng nc (Water line)

ng wax (Wax line) Flash/Separation cho php la chn gia phn tch bay hi mt im thnh phn cht lu

hin ti hay thc hin qu trnh tch nhiu giai on (Separation). Qu trnh tch nhiu giai on cho php mt dng cht lu c iu kin p sut/nhit P v T tri qua mt qu trnh tch hai thnh phn lng v kh c nhiu cp khc nhau, vi mt giai on tch kh cui cng cho php tch hon ton cht lng ra khi dng kh. Tt c bnh tch u c hiu sut 100%, tc l c dng kh v lng thot ra u tinh khit tc l ch c mt pha. Nhp iu kin p sut v nhit cho tng giai on cng nh cho c giai on tch kh cui cng. Nhn Perform Flash, phn mol (%) ca tng thnh phn v nhng tnh cht ca cht lu ti hai dng thot ra sau cng (c kh v lng) s c hin th. Nhp d liu cho tng giai on ca cht lng (1,2,,n) ri nhn nt Gas Stage, phn mole v tnh cht cht lu ca dng kh thot ra ti giai on s c hin th. Thay v nhn nt Perform Flash cng c th nhn nt Final Stage.

M hnh ging

Trong ca s m ra, nhp nhng thng s sau vo hp nhp d liu Compositional PVT Data (cha c nc).

Ch : nhp hay xut m hnh, thnh phn ca mt cht lu nhn nt Import hay Export tng ng. Tp tin xut ra hay nhp c nh dng l *.pvt. Pha trn vng Hydrocarbons bn phi ca s l vng dnh cho nhng thnh phn tn ti dng lng. Thng thng n v ca chng l phn trn mt n v th tch kh iu kin bnh cha (cho nhng h thng kh) hay phn trn mt n v th tch lng iu kin bnh cha (cho nhng h thng lng). Sau khi nhp s mol cho tng thnh phn, tng s mol (Total Moles) c th chun ha v 1 bng cch nhn nt Normalise. Nu c c thnh phn dng lng, phi chuyn n v ca n v dng Mole ri mi chun ha.

1. Chn th Component Selection, v trong vng Component Database, chn Water v nhn nt Add.

2. Trong vng Selected Components, chn Molarity (Moles) t hp ko th. 3. Trong hng th hai, ct Value, nhp 20.

4. Chn th Flash/Seperation, nhp vo nt PT. 5. Trong vng Pressure, nhp 4600 vo hp nhp d liu v chn psia. 6. Trong vng Temperature, nhp 280 v chn F. 7. Nhn nt Perform Flash.

8. c hm lng nc trong thnh phn hi t mn hnh v nhp gi tr ny v nhng gi tr c hiu chnh ca cc thnh phn hydrocacbon khc vo trong vng Hydrocarbons.

9. Trong th Component Selection, nhn vo nt Phase Envelope to ra mt biu pha

10. Xy dng mt m hnh hon thin ging n gin s dng biu tng Vertical Completion, Tubing v Node. Chn nt Vertical Completion v t n ln mn hnh lm vic.

11. Chn Node v t ln mn hnh lm vic. 12. Chn nt Tubing v ni hai biu tng kia vi nhau bng cch ko th chut tri.

13. Nhp p vo VertWell_1. 14. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Properties, nhp 4600 vo hp nhp d liu Static

Pressure v chn psia t hp ko th. 15. Nhp 280 vo hp nhp d liu Temperature v chn F t hp ko th. 16. Trong vng Completion Model, chn Well PI cho Model Type. 17. Trong na pha di ca ca s, chn Gas PI t hp ko th v nhp 1e-006 vo hp

nhp d liu v chn mmscf/d/psi2.

18. Nhn OK. 19. Nhp p vo Tubing_1. 20. Trong ca s hin ra, chn Simple Model t hp ko th Preferred Tubing Model. 21. Nhp 30 vo hp nhp d liu Ambient Temperature v chn F t hp ko th. 22. Trong vng Tubing Sections (#1 required, others optional), trong hng Tubing #1 v ct

MD nhp 10950. 23. Trong hng Tubing #1, ct ID nhp 3.476. 24. Trong hng Tubing #2, ct MD nhp 11000. 25. Trong hng Tubing #2, ct ID nhp 8.681. 26. Trong vng Perforations, nhp 11000 vo hp nhp d liu MD v chn ft t hp ko

th.. 27. Nhp 11000 vo hp nhp d liu TVD v chn ft t hp ko th. 28. Nhp 280 vo hp nhp d liu Reservoir Temperature.

29. Nhn OK. 30. Chn biu tng Nodal Analysis vo m hnh. 31. Chn Operations>Nodal Analysis. 32. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp 280 vo hp nhp d liu Outlet Pressure v chn psia t hp

ko th. 33. B trng Max Rate. 34. B trng Inflow Sensitivity v Outflow Sensitivity. 35. Nhn OK, 36. Chn Setup>Flow Correlations. 37. Trong ca s hin ra, chn Duns & Ros trong vng Vertical Flow (Multiphase). 38. Nhn OK.

39. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile. 40. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp 800 vo hp nhp d liu Outlet Pressure v chn psia t hp

ko th.

41. Nhn nt run Model.

b) Hiu chnh m hnh dng vo.

xc nh ng IPR ca mt ging kh dng chy ch Pseudo Steady State ngi ta c th s dng phng trnh Back Pressure da trn nhng d liu kho st ging. Nhim v:

S dng d liu kho st DST, tnh hai thng s C v nhng.

S dng ng IPR mi hiu chnh tnh li lu lng, p sut dng chy y ging, nhit v p sut dng chy ti u ging.

1. Nhp p VertWell_1 2. Trong ca s hin ra, trong th Properties, nhp 4600 vo hp nhp d liu Static

Pressure trong vng Reservoir Data v chn psia t hp ko th. 3. Nhp 280 vo hp nhp d liu Temperature v chn F t hp ko th. 4. Trong vng Completion Model, chn Back Pressure Equation. 5. Nhn nt Calculate/Graph. 6. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile. 7. Trong ca s Inflow Performance Back Pressure Equation, chn Multipoint. Ch : nhng hng s C v nhng ca phng trnh c th c tnh t nhng d liu kho st. Cn t nht ba b d liu lu lng Q v p sut y ging Pwf. 8. Nhp 4600 vo hp nhp d liu Static Pressure v chn psia t hp ko th. 9. Nhp nhng s liu vo bng bn di.

10. Nhn nt Plot IPR.

c) Phn tch im nt ti y ging.

xc nh kch thc ng khai thc ph hp c th dng phng php phn tch im nt Nodal Analysis. Kch thc ng khai thc cho sn l 2.992, 3.958, 4.892, 6.184.

Nhim v:

Phn tch im nt s dng nhng kch thc ng khai thc c sn.

Xy dng biu t s vn tc si mn ti hn theo su cho tt c ng khai thc vi kch thc khc nhau.

Bit p sut u ra l 800 psia, xc nh lu lng khai thc,p sut v nhit dng chy y ging cho trng hp dng ng khai thc 3.958. T s vn tc si mn ti hn ti u ng khai thc ny l bao nhiu?

1. Chn Operations>Nodal Analysis. 2. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp 800 vo hp nhp d liu Outlet Pressure v chn psia t hp

ko th. 3. B trng Max Rate. 4. B trng Inflow Sensitivity v Outflow Sensitivity.

5. Nhn nt run Model.

d) Phn tch h thng (System Analysis).

xc nh mi quan h gia lu lng kh v p sut va ng vi nhng kch thc ng khai thc khc nhau c th s dng phng php phn tch h thng.

Nhim v:

Xy dng mt biu cho thy s thay i ca lu lng khai thc kh theo p sut va ng vi nhng kch thc ng khai thc khc nhau. Bit p sut u ging l 800 psia v p sut va 4600, 4200, 3800, 3400.

1. Chn Operations>System Analysis. 2. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp 800 vo hp nhp d liu Outlet Pressure v chn psia t hp

ko th. 3. Chn Gas Rate. 4. Nhp s liu vo bng bn di.

5. Chy m hnh v xem kt qu xut ra.

e) ng ng dn (Flowline) v van tit lu (Choke).

Thm mt Flowline v mt Choke vo m hnh.

Ch : nhp p vo Choke_1 v chn m ty v m ny s b thay th khi phn tch nhy trong phn ti.

Nhim v:

S dng m hnh Mechanistic Choke, xc nh m Choke (Bean size) bit p sut u ra ca Flowline l 710 psia, lu lng kh ly t bi tp trc, kch thc ng khai thc l 3.958.

Ngoi ra cng c th dng Pressure/Temperature Profile cho nhim v ny. Phn tch nhy i vi m Choke (khong c lng gn ng l t 1 n 3, bc tng l ). Tm trong kt qu Output m Choke m cho ta p sut u ra ca Flowline l 710 psia. Ch l p sut u ging vn c duy tr 800 psia. S dng lu lng kh l 15.7 mmscf/d.

1. Nhp p vo Flowline_1. 2. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Properties, chn Simple View t hp ko th Preferred

Pipe Description.

3. Nhp nhng thng s sau:

4. Nhn OK. 5. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile.

6. B trng hp nhp d liu Inlet Pressure trong vng Calculated Variable. 7. Chn Outlet Pressure. 8. Nhp 15.7 vo hp nhp d liu Gas Rate v chn mmscf/d. 9. Nhp nhng s liu sau vo bng pha bn tri ca ca s.

10. Nhn nt Run Model. V xem xt Summary File. Ch : tm Choke c m sao cho p sut u ra khi Flowline l 710 psia (v kim tra xem p sut u ging c phi l 800 psia). S dng m Choke ny cho nhng bi sau. Nhp p vo Choke v nhp m ny vo.

f) Tm tng quan dng chy ph hp (Flow Matching)

Trong tng lai, hm lng cht lng s tng ln do s khai thc condensate khi p sut va gim xung cn 4300 psia. Nhp m cho Choke l 2. Nhim v:

Xy dng m hnh di mt tn mi, v b sung nhng thnh phn nng hn vi t phn cht lng cao hn. Xc nh hm lng nc bo ha ti iu kin p sut va mi, sau tip tc vi nhng bi tp tip theo.

Xc nh tng quan dng chy thch hp nht da trn nhng d liu thu c t kho st FGS. Tm s khc nhau tng i v tuyt i khi s dng nhng tng quan khc nhau ny. S dng tng quan cho nhng phn sau. Cho trc p sut u ra l 800 psia.

S dng nhng thnh phn nng hn v tng quan dng chy ng ph hp, xc nh lu lng khai thc kh mi, p sut v nhit dng chy ti u ging v dng chy cht lng ti khu vc bn m va v ti u ra khi p sut du ra ca Flowline l 710 psia.

1. Lu m hnh vi mt tn mi. 2. Chn Setup>Compositional. 3. Trong ca s Compositional Properties, chn thnh phn ca cht lu, thm vo vng

Hydrocarbos v nhp nhng thng s tng ng cho chng nh sau:

4. Chn th Component Selection, chn Water trong vng Component Database v nhn

nt Add.

5. Trong vng Slected Component, hng u tin, ct Value, chn Molarity (Moles). 6. Trong hng th hai, ct Value, nhp 20.

Ch : phi v hiu Choke v Flowline p sut 800 psi chnh l p sut u ging. v hiu ha mt vt th, nhp phi chut vo n v chn Active, thao tc ny s v hiu ha mt vt th, lc ny n s hin th l Inactive.

7. Chn Operations>Flow Correlation Matching. 8. Trong ca s hin ra, chn Inlet Pressure trong vng Calculated Variable. 9. Nhp 800 vo hp nhp d liu Outlet Pressure v chn psia t hp ko th. 10. Chn Gas Rate, nhp 3.14 v chn mmscf/d t hp ko th. 11. Nhp vo Vertical trong vng Flow Correlation type.

12. Trong bng Flow Correlation, chn Beggs & Brill Revised, Duns & Ros v Hagedorn & Brown.

13. nhp thng s vo bng Measured Data, chn Data>Load/Add Measured Data, ri nhp thng s nh sau:

14. Nhn Run Model.

Ch : tm trong Output File c s khc nhau tng i v tuyt i ca nhng tng quan ny.

15. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile. 16. Nhp 4300 vo hp nhp d liu Inlet Pressure v chn psia. 17. Chn Outlet Pressure. 18. Nhp 15.7 vo hp nhp d liu Gas Rate v chn mmscf/d. 19. Nhp nhng thng s sau vo bng bn tri ca ca s:

20. Nhn nt Run Model v tm trong Output File c lu lng cht lng thc s.

g) T phn cht lng tch ly (Liquid hold-up fraction) v bn kiu dng chy

(Flow Regime map).

Nhim v:

Xc nh liquid hold-up fraction v volume fraction ti y ging, u ging v cui Flowline.

To mt bn kiu dng chy ti cui ca Flowline. Nhn vo bn v xc nh kiu dng chy ti y.

1. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile. 2. Nhp 4300 vo hp nhp d liu Inlet Pressure v chn psia. 3. Chn Outlet Pressure. 4. Nhp 15.7 vo hp nhp d liu Gas Rate v chn mmscf/d. 5. Nhp nhng s liu vo bng sau:

6. Nhn nt Run Model v xem xt Auxiliary Output t Output File. 7. Ko v th biu tng Report vo cui Flowline_1.

8. Nhp p vo biu tng Report.

9. Trong ca s hin ra, ng du kim vo Flow Map.

10. Nhn OK. 11. Nhn nt Run (thao tc ny s chy li hot ng mi nht, trong trng hp ny l

Pressure/Temperature Profile t bi tp trc).

Ch : kiu dng chy c th c xc nh ti phn cui ca Output File (n cng c th nm u trong Output File, cng nh trong Summary File).

h) ng cong p sut/nhit t va (Pressure/Temperature Profile).

Nhim v:

Hin th ng cong PT t va cho n cui Flowline trn biu pha.

Ti sao s hnh thnh hydrate li l mt vn ?

1. xy dng biu pha, nhn nt Phase Envelope t biu tng bo co. 2. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile. 3. Nhp 4300 vo hp nhp d liu Inlet Pressure v chn psia. 4. Chn Outlet Pressure. 5. Trong Default Profile Plot chn Pressure vs Temperature. 6. Nhn nt Run Model. 7. Chn Series>Y-axis>Pressure. 8. Chn X-axis>Temperature.

Ch : t th to ra, nu ng hot ng ct ng to thnh hydrate th hydrate s sinh ra.

i) p sut gim do condenste hnh thnh nhiu.

Lng cht lng tng ln s lm cho p sut gim nhiu hn. Nhim v:

Tnh gim p di y ging, qua ng khai thc, Choke, Flowline cho dng chy kh vi lu lng 13 mmscf/d.

1. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature profile. 2. Chn Outlet Pressure trong vng Calculated Variable. 3. Nhp 13 vo hp nhp d liu Gas Flow v chn mmscf/d. 4. Nhn Run Model. 5. Xem xt Output File hay Summary File tm kt qu.

j) Rigorous Flashing

gim thi gian tnh ton, PIPESIM khng thc hin phn tch bay hi flash ti tt c cc on ca ng ng nhm xc nh nhng tnh cht trung bnh ca cht lu dc theo on ng , thay vo n ni suy nhng tnh cht bng cch da trn hng lot nhng phn tch flash ban u trc khi tin hnh lp. Bng cch chn la chn Rigourous Flash trong phn Flashing ca Setup, cht lu s c flash v nhng tnh cht ca n s c trung bnh ha ti

mi on ca ng. phng php ny chnh xc hn v i khi c th a ra nhng kt qu khc nhau ng k, c bit l khi hot ng gn ranh gii pha. Nhc im ca n l thi gian tnh ton lu hn ng k. Nhim v:

Lm nhng bi tp sau vi la chn Rigorous Flash. So snh kt qu?

Ti sao li c nhng khc bit? 1. Chn Setup>Flashing. 2. Chn Operations>Pressure/Temperature Profile. 3. Nhp 4300 vo hp nhp d liu Inlet Pressure v chn psia. 4. Chn Outlet Pressure. 5. Nhp 15.7 vo hp nhp d liu Gas Rate v chn mmscf/d. 6. Nhp s liu vo bng nh sau:

7. Nhn nt Run Model. 8. to ra mt biu pha, chn Phase Envelope t biu tng Report.

4. Thit k bm p kh (Gas Lift Design) Xc nh khong cch t

Mandrel mi (New Mandel Spacing).

Tin trnh cng vic trong trng hp ny l:

Phn tch nhng i hi cho vic bm p kh i vi ging.

S dng phng php IPO Surface Close thit k mt m hnh bm p kh cho ging.

a) M hnh ging - Phn tch im nt.

Xy dng mt m hnh ging v thc hin mt phn tch im nt ti y ging vi d liu c bn cho trc. Gi s l trong giai on ny cha c van Gaslift no c lp t. Khng nh li rng ging s khng chy t nhin. Bit p sut u ging l 110 psig.

1. Xy dng mt m hnh gm mt biu tng Vertical Completion, mt Node v mt Tubing v t chng ln mn hnh lm vic.

2. Chn biu tng Nodal Analysis vo v tr y ging.

3. Nhp p vo nt VertWell_1. 4. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Properties, nhp 2800 vo hp nhp d liu Static

Pressure trong vng Reservoir Data v chn psia. 5. Nhp 175 vo hp nhp d liu Temperature v chn F t hp ko th. 6. Chn Well PI t hp ko th Model Type. 7. Trong na di ca ca s, chn Liquid PI t hp ko th v nhp 2.5 vo hp nhp d

liu, chn stb/d/psi. 8. nh du kim vo Use Vogel below bubble point.

9. Nhn OK. 10. Chn Setup>Black Oil. 11. Trong ca s hin ra, chn th Black Oil Properties. 12. Trong hp nhp d liu Fluid Name, nhp Case Study 1. 13. Nhp nhng thng s sau vo vng Stock Tank Properties.

14. Nhn OK. 15. Nhp p vo Tubing_1. 16. Trong ca s hin ra, chn Simple Model t hp ko th Preferred Tubing Model. 17. Nhp 502 vo hp nhp d liu Ambient Temperature v chn F t hp ko th. 18. Trong vng Tubing Sections (#1 required, others optional), nhp 7500 vo hp nhp d

liu trn hng Tubing #1 v ct MD. 19. Nhp 2.441 vo hp nhp d liu trn hng Tubing #1 v ct ID. 20. Nhp 7550 vo hp nhp d liu trn hng Tubing #2 v ct MD. 21. Nhp 6.184 vo hp nhp d liu trn hng Tubing #2 v ct ID. 22. Nhp 7550 vo hp nhp d liu MD trong vng Perferations v chn ft t hp ko th. 23. Nhn OK.

24. Chn Setup>Flow Correlations 25. Trong ca s hin ra, chn Hagedorn & Brown t hp nhp d liu Correlation.

26. Chn Operations>Nodal Analysis. 27. Trong ca s hin ra, nhp 110 vo hp nhp d liu Oulet Pressure v chn psia. 28. B trng Max Rate. 29. B trng Inflow Sensitivity v Outflow Sensitivity.

30. Nhn nt Run Model v kim tra kt qu.

b) Lift Gas Response

Thc hin mt phn tch Lift Gas Response, xc nh lu lng kh bm p cn thit.

Phn tch nhy vi Minimum Injection gas DP.

Bit p sut kh bm p trn b mt l 1000 psig v nhit kh bm p b mt l 80 F.

1. Chn Artificial Lift> Lift Gas Response. Ch : phn tch ny s tnh ton s thay i ca h thng kh bm p trc nhng thay i ca mt bin c th no . Ngi dng c th la chn mt khong lu lng bm p v mt b gi tr ca mt bin phn tch nhy no . ng cong thu c s cho thy lu lng khai thc hay su bm p ti a thay i nh th no khi lu lng bm p v gi tr ca bi phn tch nhy thay i. Ngi dng c th la chn gia vic kh c th c bm p bt k su no trong lng ging (Optimum Depth of Injection) hay ch c gii hn ti nhng su t van/Mandrel (Injection at Valve Depths Only).

Lift Gas Response s thc hin nhng tnh ton tnh lu lng cht lng khai thc c v su bm p ti a vi nhng khong lu lng kh bm p v nhng gi tr ca bin phn tch nhy nht nh. 2. Nhp 1000 vo hp nhp d liu Injection Gas Surface Pressure v chn psig t hp ko

th. 3. Chn Gas Lift Data t hp ko th Object trong vung Sensitivity Data. 4. Chn Minimum Injection Gas DP t hp ko th Variable. 5. Trong bng Value, nhp 150 vo hng 1 v 250 vo hng 2, chn psi t hp ko th. 6. Chn Gas trong vng Artificial Lift. 7. Trong bng Value, chn mmscf/d v nhp nhng thng s sau:

8. Nhn nt Run Model.

c) Thit k kh bm p (Gas Lift Design).

Ch : chc nng thit k kh bm p Gas Lift Design cho php ngi dng thit k mt cch chi tit v tr v loi van bm p lp t vo trong ng khai thc mang li kh nng khai thc ti a cho ging. Mt thit k kh bm p c th c thc hin cho:

Mt h thng Mandrel c lp t sn trn ng khai thc (Current Spacing).

Thit k mt h thng Mandrel mi (New Spacing). 1. Chn Artificial Lift>Gas Lift>Gas Lift Design. 2. Trong ca s hin ra, trong th Design Control, nhp nhng thng s nh sau:

Ch :

Design Spacing:

New Spacing: tnh ton li mt h thng Mandrel mi cho ging nh mt phn ca qu trnh thit k kh bm p v ln, hy b nhng thit lp cho van trc .

Current Spacing: s dng h thng Mandrel c thit lp t trc trong m hnh PIPESIM v tnh ton nhng thng s ph hp cho van.

Design Method:

IPO-Surface Close: s dng mt gi tr gim p ng van trn b mt c nh gia cc van v do ngi dng thit lp trc.

IPO-Pt Min/Max: s dng mt gi tr gim p ng van trn b mt tnh ton (ngi dng thit lp gi tr ti thiu).

PPO Designe: ngi dng nhp gi tr Surface Offset v Operating Valve DP. Thng c dng cho thit k nhng van hot ng nh p sut khai thc.

o Surface Offcet: l s khc nhau tnh bng % gia p sut khai thc hot ng v p sut bm p trn b mt, ng thi cng l mt gi tr chnh p DP (cng thm vo p sut u ging).

o Operating Valve DP: chnh p gia p sut bm p v p sut khai thc ti im t valve hot ng.

Top Valve Location: thit lp v tr t van d ti trn cng.

o Assume Liquid to Surface: gi nh l cht lu chy t y ging ln n b mt.

o Assume Liquid NOT to Surface: gi nh l mc cht lu ty thuc vo p sut tnh di y ging v gradient p sut tnh.

Valve Selection Filter: ngi dng c th la chn van do nh sn xut no cung cp, kch thc van cho vic thit k. Ngi dng cng c th thm van mi vo c s d liu ca PIPESIM. Ch l kiu van c la chn s quyt nh nhng h s an ton mc nh v nhng tnh ton ng/m cho van .

Unloading Temperature: ngi dng c th la chn l s dng nhit khai thc mong i, nhit mi trng a cht xung quanh hay nhit kh bm p

Max. Allowable Inj. TVD: su t van ti a trong tnh ton t van, thng thng v tr ny nm trn Packer 100 ft.

Production Pressure Curve: chn mt ng cong p sut khai thc s dng cho thit k:

o Production Pressure Model: s dng gradient p sut dng chy mc tiu, c tnh vi m hnh PIPESIM, gi s ti v tr van Gaslift hot ng lu lng kh bm p ng theo mc tiu cho trc.

o Equilibrium Curve tnh ton v s dng mt ng cong cn bng da trn lu lng kh bm p theo mc tiu vi m hnh PIPESIM. ng cong cn bng l ng cong biu din p sut dng chy d on ti bt k su no gi d rng kh ang c bm p ti mt im xc nh vi mt lu lng kh bm p theo mc tiu.

3. Trong th Design Parameters, nhp thng s nh sau:

Ch :

Kick Off Pressure: p sut bm p ti a c th Kick Off ging. Ch dng trong thit k v tr van trn cng.

Available Injection Pressure: p sut bm p ti a c th c dng trong tnh ton thit k.

Unloading Production Pressure: p sut u ging khai thc thp nht c th trong qu trnh d ti bng bm p kh. S dng cho thit k v tr van trn cng.

Operating Production Pressure: p sut u ging khai thc d on. Dng trong tnh ton ng cong p sut khai thc (Production Pressure Curve).

Target Injection Gas Flowrate: lu lng kh bm p d tnh dng cho vic thit k. Dng tnh ng cong p sut khai thc v thit k kch thc van hot ng.

Injection Gas Surface Temperature: nhit kh bm p trn b mt.

Injection Gas S.G: t trng kh bm p.

Min Unloading Liquid Rate: vic thit k bao gm tnh ton cht lng d ti v lu lng kh bm p cho nhng van d ti.

Unloading Gradient: gradient ca cht lu dng cho tnh ton d ti v v tr lp t.

Minimum Valve Spacing: khong cch gia cc van ti thiu.

Minimum Valve Injection DP: chnh p ti thiu gia p sut bm p v p sut khai thc, dng cho thit k v tr van.

Solution Point Rate/Fixed rate: s dng mt lu lng cht lng khai thc xc nh hay mt p sut va xc nh tnh ng cong p sut khai thc (gi tr cn li s c tnh ton)

o Reservoir Pressure: p sut va tnh trong m hnh (lu lng cht lng khai thc s c tnh).

o Liquid Production Rate: lu lng cht lng khai thc theo mc tiu (p sut va v dng vo b b qua).

Bracketing: dng trong tnh ton Bracketing Valve. o Max TVD: su ti a cho Bracketing Valve. o Spacing: khong cch TVD gia cc Bracketing Valve.

4. Trong th Safety Factors, nhp thng s nh sau:

Ch :

Surface Close Pressure Drop Between Valves: (ch dng cho nhng van IPO) h s an ton thng ch dng cho nhng van iu khin bng p sut bm p. gim p sut bm p ng van trn b mt cho nhng van k tip ngay bn di m bo l van ngay pha trn n ng li. Vi phng php IPO Surface Close th mt gi tr c nh c s dng cho mi van. Vi phng php Pt Min/Max, th ch dng gi tr b nht v m hnh s tnh ton gi tr ny. Gi tr mc nh cho nhng van iu khin bng p sut bm p l 15 psi.

Locating DP at Valve Location: h s an ton thng dng cho c van iu khin bng

p sut bm p v p sut khai thc. y l mt khong b gia ng p sut bm p v im bt u ca ng d ti ti su t van. Gi tr mc inh cho van iu khin bng p sut bm p l 50 psi, cho van iu khin bng p sut khai thc l 100 psi.

Transfer Factor: (ch dng cho van IPO) y l mt khong b gia ng p sut khai thc vi im bt u ca ng d ti ngay ti su t van. Gi tr mc nh l 0.

Date post:	08-Sep-2015
Category:	Documents
Upload:	ngoc-hiep-le
View:	87 times
Download:	32 times

Huong Dan Su Dung Pipesim 2003

Documents