Hybrid Optical Packet and Circuit Switching in Spatial Division Multiplexing Fiber Networks
R. S. Luis, H. Furukawa, G. Rademacher, B. J. Puttnam, and N. Wada Photonic Network System Laboratory – National Institute of Information and Communications Technology - Japan [email protected]
Contents
• SDM Networks Using Homogeneous MCFs
• Integrated OPS and OCS SDM Networks
• Experimental Demonstration
• Conclusions
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SDM Networks
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SingleCoreFiber
Conven.onalNetworkNodes
Increasesofnetworkcapacitymaybeunabletohandletheincreaseintrafficdemand!
SDM Networks
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SDMMedium
Conven.onalNetworkNodes Increasesofnetworkcapacity
aremul9plied.
SDM Networks
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SDMMedium
SDMNetworkNodes NetworkResourcesare
Op9mizedforSDM
SDM Networks Using Homogeneous MCFs
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IndependentSingle-Mode
Fibers
Few/Mul.-ModeFibers
HomogeneousMul.-CoreFibers
HeterogeneousMul.-CoreFibers
• Highskew• NoCrosstalk
• HighCrosstalk• HighLatency
• Lowskew• LowCrosstalk
• Highskew• VeryLowCrosstalk
SDM Networks Using Homogeneous MCFs
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IndependentSingle-Mode
Fibers
Few/Mul.-ModeFibers
HeterogeneousMul.-CoreFibers
• Highskew• NoCrosstalk
• HighCrosstalk• HighLatency
• Highskew• VeryLowCrosstalk
HomogeneousMul.-CoreFibers
• Lowskew• LowCrosstalk
SDM Networks Using Homogeneous MCFs
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HomogeneousMul.-CoreFibers
SDM Networks Using Homogeneous MCFs
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HomogeneousMul.-CoreFibers
SMFs
DSP TX
LASER
RX
LO
DSP
SDMDSP
SharedLASER
SharedLO
TX RXSDMDSP
DSP TX
LASER
RX
LO
DSPMul9-Core
Fiber
HomogeneousMul9-Core
Fiber
SDMDSP
SharedLASER
SharedLO
TX RXSDMDSP
Mul9-CoreFiber
Mul9-CoreAmplifier
• Light on each core is “uncoupled” from the other cores
– Residual coupling yields inter-core crosstalk
• Propagation characteristics are similar amongst all cores
– Residual differences in group velocity yield inter-core skew
• Simple transition from single-core to multi-core fiber systems
• Nearly time-aligned Spatial Super-Channels
– Simple shared DSP amongst spatial channels
– Spatial modulation formats and Spatial coding
– Self-Homodyne Detection
Crosstalk-Limited Spectral Efficiency Assumptions: • Crosstalk behaves as an AWGN with power
proportional to the signal power (high symbol rates and/or long distances and signals w/ null carrier)
• Average crosstalk depends only on the fiber geometry • Similar launch power on all fiber cores • Linear transmission • Spectral Efficiency:
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SNRintheabsenceofcrosstalk
Crosstalk–Ra.obetweenavg.crosstalkandsignalpowers
1B.J.PuQnam,etal.,ECOC,PDP.3.1,20152E.Specht,hQp://www.packomania.com3F.Ye,etal.,Op.csExpress22(19),23007,2014
Consideredcorearrangementstomaximizecorepitch2
SE =X
k
SEcore k
SEcore k = log
2
h1 +
�SNR�1
+XTk
��1
i
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
SpectralEfficien
cy,b
it/s/Hz
CoreCount
Crosstalk-Limited Spectral Efficiency
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ExampleofthelimitedSEwitha50kmfiber
SNR = 15 dB SNR = 10 dB SNR = 5 dB
SNR = 20 dB
24cores
27cores
30cores
SE dominated by ASE
SE dominated by Crosstalk
Crosstalk-Limited Spectral Efficiency
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Op9
mum
CoreCo
unt
SpectralEfficien
cy,b
it/s/Hz
SNR,dB
5 km 50 km
500 km 5000 km
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260µm
33µm
Crosstalk-Limited Spectral Efficiency
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Op9
mum
CoreCo
unt
SpectralEfficien
cy,b
it/s/Hz
SNR,dB
5 km 50 km
500 km 5000 km
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260µm
33µm
IntraDatacenterNetworks
Regional-MetroNetworks
100
1000
10000
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Throughp
ut,Tb/s
Year
SDM Networks Using Homogeneous MCFs
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123
4567Marker
[1][2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
1J. Sakaguchi, et al., OFC 2011 PDPB6
2B. Zhu, et al., OPEX, 19(17), 2011
3J. Sakaguchi, et al., OFC 2011 Th5C.1
4H. Takara, et al., ECOC 2012, Th3C.1
5B. Puttnam, et al., ECOC 2015, PDP.3.1
6D.Qian, et al., FIO 2012 FW6C.3
7D. Soma, et al., ECOC 2015, PDP.3.2
ThroughputUsingSingle-ModeMCFsThroughputUsingFew-Mode/HybridMCFs
SDM Networks Using Homogeneous MCFs
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ArchitectureonDemandexperimentaldemonstra9on
G.Saridisetal.,ECOC2016
JointSpa9alPacketSwitching
H.Furukawaetal.,OFC2016
Integrated OPS and OCS SDM Networks
• Optical packet switched (OPS) and Optical circuit switched (OCS) links can be flexibly established
• OCS Spatial super channels (SSC) provide ultra-high capacity
• OPS-SSC provide granularity • Arbitrary combinations of spatial
channels and wavelengths are possible
• Joint spatial circuit and/or packet switching may reduce hardware requirements
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Space
Wavelength
Ultra High Capacity OCS-SSC
OCS-SSC
OCS
OCS OPS-SSC
OPS
Integrated OPS and OCS SDM Networks
• Optical packet switched (OPS) and Optical circuit switched (OCS) links can be flexibly established
• OCS Spatial super channels (SSC) provide ultra-high capacity
• OPS-SSC provide granularity • Arbitrary combinations of spatial
channels and wavelengths are possible
• Joint spatial circuit and/or packet switching may reduce hardware requirements
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Tx/Rx Tx/Rx Tx/Rx Tx/Rx
Joint Spatial Packet Switch
Wavelength Selective Switch
Circuit SwitchMCF
Joint Spatial Circuit Switch
MCF
preamble header
preamble payload
payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
Time
Wavelength
Optical Packet Switch
• Electro-absorption switches • 100 Gb/s multi-wavelength
packets • Optical-Label Processing • Burst-mode amplification
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100GOTNTransponder
OCS(ROADM) OPS
H.Furukawa,et.al,P.4.16,ECOC2015.
2x2 EA Switch 2
1
2
1
SW Cont.
100G-OP Transponder
10GbE x10
OP
OP
OP
OP
10GbE frame
100G Optical packet
Joint Spatial Optical Packet Switch
• Electro-absorption switches • 400 Gb/s multi-wavelength spatial packets • Optical-Label Processing – Core 1 • Burst-mode amplification
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preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payloadpreamble header
preamble payload
payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payload
preamble payloadSpace
Time
Wavelength
1 x N
M-Joint Switch1 x N
1 x N
1 x N
x M
1 x N
M-Joint Switch1 x N
1 x N
1 x N
x M
M-Joint Buffer
N x 1
M-Joint BufferN x 1
M-Joint Buffer
N x 1
M-Joint BufferN x 1
Experimental Demonstration
• 19-Core 30 km MCF • 19-Core MC-EDFA
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Node 2
19-CoreMCF30km
MC-EDFA
1
69
234
AWG
CombGen.
BPF EDFA OPEDFA DPMZM
24.5 GBaud16QAM
Dummy Channel
Test Channel
even
odd
3D Waveguide1 Tb/s
OCS-SSCTransmitter
8
400 Gb/sOPS
18
6
234
1 Tb/sOCS-SSCReceiver
400 Gb/sOPS
1 Tb/s OCS SSC Receiver
EDFA BPF
Cohere
nt
Rece
iver
Real-Tim
eO
scillosco
pe
1 Tb/s OCS-SSC Transmitter
NetworkTester
Node 1
SW Control
2x2EASW
DCF
BM-EDFA
Splitter1:4
PacketTransponder
400 Gb/s OPS-SSC19-Core MC-EDFA
19-Core30 km MCF
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Mux
EDFA
MCF–30km
Experimental Demonstration
• 1 Tb/s OCS-SSC (2 cores x 3 wavelengths)
• PDM-16QAM at 24.5 Gbaud
• Ultra-wideband frequency comb generator (up to 400 wavelengths)
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Node 2
19-CoreMCF30km
MC-EDFA
1
69
234
AWG
CombGen.
BPF EDFA OPEDFA DPMZM
24.5 GBaud16QAM
Dummy Channel
Test Channel
even
odd
3D Waveguide1 Tb/s
OCS-SSCTransmitter
8
400 Gb/sOPS
18
6
234
1 Tb/sOCS-SSCReceiver
400 Gb/sOPS
1 Tb/s OCS SSC Receiver
EDFA BPF
Cohere
nt
Rece
iver
Real-Tim
eO
scillosco
pe
1 Tb/s OCS-SSC Transmitter
NetworkTester
Node 1
SW Control
2x2EASW
DCF
BM-EDFA
Splitter1:4
PacketTransponder
400 Gb/s OPS-SSC19-Core MC-EDFA
19-Core30 km MCF
Experimental Demonstration
• 400 Gb/s OPS-SSC • Emulated Joint Packet
Switching
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Node 2
19-CoreMCF30km
MC-EDFA
1
69
234
AWG
CombGen.
BPF EDFA OPEDFA DPMZM
24.5 GBaud16QAM
Dummy Channel
Test Channel
even
odd
3D Waveguide1 Tb/s
OCS-SSCTransmitter
8
400 Gb/sOPS
18
6
234
1 Tb/sOCS-SSCReceiver
400 Gb/sOPS
1 Tb/s OCS SSC Receiver
EDFA BPF
Cohere
nt
Rece
iver
Real-Tim
eO
scillosco
pe
1 Tb/s OCS-SSC Transmitter
NetworkTester
Node 1
SW Control
2x2EASW
DCF
BM-EDFA
Splitter1:4
PacketTransponder
400 Gb/s OPS-SSC19-Core MC-EDFA
19-Core30 km MCF
Experimental Demonstration
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Node 2
19-CoreMCF30km
MC-EDFA
1
69
234
AWG
CombGen.
BPF EDFA OPEDFA DPMZM
24.5 GBaud16QAM
Dummy Channel
Test Channel
even
odd
3D Waveguide1 Tb/s
OCS-SSCTransmitter
8
400 Gb/sOPS
18
6
234
1 Tb/sOCS-SSCReceiver
400 Gb/sOPS
1 Tb/s OCS SSC Receiver
EDFA BPF
Cohere
nt
Rece
iver
Real-Tim
eO
scillosco
pe
1 Tb/s OCS-SSC Transmitter
NetworkTester
Node 1
SW Control
2x2EASW
DCF
BM-EDFA
Splitter1:4
PacketTransponder
400 Gb/s OPS-SSC19-Core MC-EDFA
19-Core30 km MCF
16-QAM 1 Tb/s Transmitter
Multi-CoreEDFA
30km Multi-Core Fiber3 Wavelengths
2 Spatial channels
Multi-WavelengthPacket Transponder
Multi-WavelengthPacket Switch
Powersplitter
Multi-WavelengthPacket Transponder
Multi-WavelengthPacket Switch
16-QAM Receiver
OCS-SSC
OPS-SSC
Allocated Channel Plan Measured Channel Plan
WavelengthSpace
1 Tb/s OCS-SSC
400 Gb/sOPS-SSC
AB
C
A
Experimental Demonstration
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16-QAM 1 Tb/s Transmitter
Multi-CoreEDFA
30km Multi-Core Fiber3 Wavelengths
2 Spatial channels
Multi-WavelengthPacket Transponder
Multi-WavelengthPacket Switch
Powersplitter
Multi-WavelengthPacket Transponder
Multi-WavelengthPacket Switch
16-QAM Receiver
OCS-SSC
OPS-SSC
Allocated Channel Plan Measured Channel Plan
WavelengthSpace
1 Tb/s OCS-SSC
400 Gb/sOPS-SSC
AB
C
A
Conclusion
• Addressed the physical aspects of the use of homogeneous multi-core fibers in SDM networks
• Made the case for a hybrid spatial packet and circuit switching architecture for SDM networks
• Experimentally demonstrated a SSC-OPS + SSC OCS system using joint optical packet switching, multi-core fiber and multi-core amplification
• Future work: Including joint spatial circuit switching; network management and control; higher throughput
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Acknowledgement
The authors acknowledge the efforts of the NICT technical staff on the experimental demonstration • Takeshi Makino • Takahiro Hashimoto • Michie Kurihara
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Thanks for your attention!
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Questions?
