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Development of a HydrologicModel and Estimation of its

Parameters

Francisco Olivera, Ph.D., P.E.Department of Civil EngineeringTexas A&M University

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Hydrologic Parameters

Watershed

Abstractions and routing method

Parameters

Stream

Routing method

Parameters

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Watershed Abstractions

Precipitation (mm/hr)

Excess precipitation (mm/hr)

Excess precipitation = f(Precipitation, Terrain properties)

Terrain properties

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Watershed AbstractionsSCS curve number method

-

-

!

10CN

10008.0P

10CN

10002.0P

P

2

e

Pe: cumulative excess precipitation (in)P: cumulative precipitation (in)CN: parameter of infiltration (curve number)

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Watershed AbstractionsInitial plus constant loss rate

Pe: cumulative excess precipitation (mm)

P: cumulative precipitation (mm)Iloss: initial loss (mm)Closs: constant loss rate (mm/hr)t - t0: time since the beginning of the storm (hrs)

)tt(CI)t(P)t(P 0losslosse !

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Watershed RoutingExcess precipitation (mm/hr)

Flow (m3/s)

Watershed

Flow = f(Excess precipitation, Watershed geomorphology)

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Watershed Routing

Excess precipitation (mm/hr)

Flow (m3/s)

Time

tp

SCS unit hydrograph

tp: watershed lag-time (min)

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Watershed Lag-Time (SCS)

(! t5.3,

S67.31]9)CN/1000[(Lmaxt

5.0

7.08.0

wp

tp: lag-time (min)LW: length of longest flow-path (ft)S: slope of the longest flow-path (%)CN: average Curve Number(t: analysis time step

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Watershed Lag-Time (L/V)

(

-

! t5.3,

V60

L3048.06.0maxt

w

wp

tp: watershed lag-time (min)Lw: length of longest flow-path (ft)Vw: longest flow-path average velocity (m/s)(t: analysis time step

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Watershed Parameters

Area

Abtractions:

SCS curve number method (average curve number)

Linear loss rate (initial and constant loss rate)

Routing

SCS curvilinear unit hydrograph (length and slope

of longest flow path, average curve number,

average velocity in longest flow path)

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Elevation Grid

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Flow Length Downstream

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Flow Length Upstream

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LongestFlow-Path

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Flow Length Downstream

to the Watershed Outlet

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Flow Length Downstream

to the Watershed Outlet

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Flow Length Upstream

to the Watershed Divide

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Flow Length Upstream

to the Watershed Divide

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Watershed LongestFlow-Path

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Watershed LongestFlow-Path

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Slope of Watershed

LongestFlow Path

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Watershed Parameters

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Hydrologic Parameters

WatershedAbstractions and routing method

Parameters

Stream

Routing method

Parameters

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Routing Method

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Routing Method

Flow time (Ls/Vs)

Ls/Vs < (t

Muskingum Routing

Ls/Vs > (t

Pure Lag Routing

Ls: length of the streamVs: flow velocity in the stream(t: analysis time step

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Pure-Lag Method

Flow is delayed a fixed amount of time tlag.

)t(I)tt(Q lag !

tlag: flow time in the reachI: inflow to the reachQ: outflow from the reach

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Pure Lag Parameters

s

slag

V60

Lt !

tlag: flow time in the reach (min)Ls: reach length (m)Vs: reach average velocity (m/s)

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Muskingum Method

Flow is delayed a fixed amount of time K,and redistributed around its centroid.

? A QIdt

dSandQ)X1(IXKS !!

S: storage in the reachK: flow time in the reach ((t < K< (t/2X)X: storage parameterI: inflow to the reach

Q: outflow from the reach(t: analysis time step

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Muskingum Parameters

K: flow time in the reach (hr) [Muskingum K]X: storage parameter [Muskingum X]Ls: reach length (m)Vs: reach average velocity (m/s)n: number of sub-reaches(t: analysis time step

s

s

V3600

LK!

1t

V/L)3/1,X2max(intn ss

-

(!

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Hydrologic Parameters

WatershedAbstractions and routing method

Parameters

Stream

Routing method

Parameters

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Stream Parameters

Length

Routing

Pure lag method (average flow velocity)

Muskingum method (average flow velocity and

storage coefficient)

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Stream Parameters

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Hydrologic Model

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HEC-HMS Schematic in ArcView

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HEC-HMS BasinF

ile (2)

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HEC-HMS BasinF

ile (3)

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Basin File

System Schematic

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Basin File

Watershed Parameters

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Basin File

Watershed Parameters

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Basin File

Stream Parameters

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PrecipitationF

ile

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ControlF

ile

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Hydrograph Time Table

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Hydrograph Summary

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Hydrograph Plot