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8/14/2019 Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Workbook
1/8
GavinD.J.Harper2008 FreePhotocopiable Resource
Name:
Date:Class:
This booklet accompanies the Fuel Cells & Hydrogen Engineering
Masterclass delivered by Gavin D. J. Harper of the PURE Energy Centre
on behalf of The Royal Institution of Great Britain and the Royal
Academy of Engineering.
Some material in this booklet has been excerpted from Gavins book
Fuel Cell Projects for the Evil Genius.
8/14/2019 Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Workbook
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We use energy every day in our homes, vehicles and places of work. Increasingly, we
are aware of the impact that our energy usage has on the environment. With
increasing rates of vehicle ownership and usage, and continual growth of the use of
electricity globally our demand for energy is insatiable.
When we talk about using energy, we do not really mean that we are using it up :
this is impossible. The law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be
either created or destroyed; instead it is converted from one form to another.
When we are travelling in a car, the chemical energy stored in the hydrocarbon bonds
of our petrol or diesel vehicles, is converted to heat energy as the fuel burns. The
expansion that results from this release of heat energy, pushes a piston along a
cylinder so the heat energy is converted to kinetic energy (motion). The linear
motion of the pistons is converted to rotary motion, and through the gearbox and
transmission, the car moves forward. The car uses hydrocarbon fuel, and produces
carbon dioxide and other emissions from burning this fuel.
In the home, when we use electricity, we are often unaware of the complex series of
energyconversion processes that take place in order to deliver this electricity to our
door. In a fossil fuel power station, fuel is burned to produce heat, which is in turn
used to produce steam. This steam is used to turn a turbine, which in turn is coupledto a generator to produce electricity which is then transmitted through a network of
cables to our homes, offices, factories, schools and anywhere else where we use
electrical power.
Thermal generation of power, comes with drawbacks when we burn fossil fuels, we
produce vast amounts of carbon dioxide, and other emissions that come as a result of
burning fuel. Also a lot of heat is wasted up cooling towers.
In a nuclear power plant, the process of nuclear fission is used to produce heat insteadof burning fuel.With nuclear power, whilst no carbon dioxide emissions are produced
at the point of generation, we need fossil fuels to power the complex process of
nuclear fuel extraction and processing. In addition to this, nuclear power stations leave
a legacy of radioactive waste which we still have no permanent solution to.
Renewable energy, by contrast, produces no emissions or toxic wastes it is clean and
always available for free. We can take renewable energy and produce hydrogen by a
process called electrolysis allowing us to store energy. This is particularly helpful as
it means energy can be transported. Also renewable energy isnt always there when
you want it as the wind doesnt always blow and the sun doesnt always shine. Storing
the energy can help us compensate for this intermittency.
8/14/2019 Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Workbook
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8/14/2019 Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Workbook
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Afctakeshandusingap..c.the
hydrogenatomsaresplitintop..ande..
Theppassthroughthem..whichismadeofa
specialplasticcalledN..Meanwhile,thee..Flow
aroundthecircuitdoingusefulwork.
Attheothersideofthemembrane,thep,e
ando
combine
to
produce
the
only
waste
product
of
afuelcell purew..
8/14/2019 Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Workbook
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Wecanproducehydrogenfrom
fossilfuels,
using
aprocess
called
steamreformation however,
thisproducesthegreenhousegas
cd..asabyproduct.
Acleanerwaytoproduce
hydrogen
is
using
a
process
called
ewhereelectricity
producedfromr.
energysources,isusedtosplit
waterintoitselemental
componentsh..and
o..
C E K..
Inourfuelcellvehicle,energyconversionprocessesare
taking
place,
transforming
the
hydrogen
into
movement
of
thevehicle.(Ignoringtheflashinglightsatthemoment)
thefuelcellconvertsCenergyintoEenergy.TheE
energytravelsthroughthewirestothemotor,which
convertsEenergyintoKenergy.
8/14/2019 Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Workbook
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8/14/2019 Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Workbook
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ACROSS
1 ChemicalsymbolforWater
6 Catalyst.
8 Energythatiscleanandsustainable.
9 ChemicalsymbolforCarbonDioxide
11 Afuelcellcombinesthiselement
withhydrogentomakewater.
12 ___ofHydrogenisoneofthe
challengesthatmustbesolvedbefore
hydrogenvehiclesbecomeapractical
reality.
DOWN
1 Lightestgas
2 Chemicalsymbolforpureoxygen
molecule.
3 Electrochemicalenergyconversion
device
4 Afuelcell'susefulproduct(1)
5 Fuelcell'semissions.
7 PlasticusedinPEMmembranes
10 Afuelcell'susefulproduct(2)
8/14/2019 Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Workbook
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Paperback: 196pages
Publisher: McGrawHill/TABElectronics
Language: English
ISBN10: 0071496599
ISBN13: 9780071496599
YoucanfindmoreexperimentswithFuelCells,informationaboutcleanenergy andinformationabouthowtotakethelearningintodaysmasterclassforwardinFuelCellsProjectsfortheEvilGenius.
http://www.howstuffworks.com/fuelcell.htm
http://auto.howstuffworks.com/fuelcellquiz.htm
http://www.fuelcells.org/ced/education.html
http://www.fuelcells.org/ced/education.html#stud
http://www.hydrogensociety.net/Hydrogen%20for%20Kids.htm
http://www.kids4hydrogen.com/
http://www.lshc.co.uk/
http://www.lshc.co.uk/secondary/lessons_infosheets.asp
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/
http://www.shell.com/home/content/hydrogenen/faq/fuel_cell_1204.html
http://www.h2fcfuture.gc.ca/en/indexe.html
http://videos.howstuffworks.com/ballard/651ballardshowshowafuelcellworksvideo.htm
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