Power-to-Gas
Rob Harvey
Director, Energy Storage
IEA Hydrogen Technology Roadmap North American Workshop
Bethesda, Maryland – January 29, 2014
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Hydrogenics is a leader in water electrolysers and hydrogen fuel
cell power systems
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Onsite Generation Electrolysers
Industrial hydrogen Hydrogen fueling
Power Systems Fuel Cell Modules
Stand-by power Mobility power
Energy Storage Power-to-Gas
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36% 35%
19%
10%
Transport Fuels Natural Gas Electricity Other
What if we broke down the energy silos?
Source data: National Energy Board secondary energy demand forecast, Rethinking Energy Conservation in Ontario, May 2010 report
Integrate Renewables
Renewable Gas Options
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Power-to-Gas converts clean generation when it is not needed
into renewable fuel, power or heat where and when it is needed
Power-to-Gas Solution
Surplus Power
Industrial H2
Natural Gas Grid
Clean Fuel
Dispatchable Power
Low Carbon Heating
Electrolyser
Solar Power
Wind Power
H2
H2
H2
H2/NG Blend
30 Power-to-Gas demonstration projects launched in Europe to date
Power-to-Gas Applications
Direct Injection
H2 Fueling
Biogas Methanation
Industrial H2 Feed
Hydrogenics has supplied
electrolysers for 8 projects and
4 of 5 projects 1MW or larger
Currently most projects are in
pre-startup or early operation
phase
Source: DNV KEMA . “Systems analyses Power to Gas: A technology review”. June 20, 2013
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E.ON inaugurated first Power-to-Gas plant to inject hydrogen into
natural gas grid last August
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2MW Power-to-Gas Demonstration Plant in Falkenhagen, Germany
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Source: KBB underground
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
(MW)
Oct 1 Oct 3 Oct 5 Oct 7 Oct 9 Oct 11 Oct 13
This much could be fed into an
underground hydrogen reservoir
(2 M m3salt cavern):
600,000 MWh
Source: GM presentation,
Freese, May 13, ‘09
Pumped Hydro
Storage Potential
CAES Potential for
2 Mm3 Salt Cavern
Hydrogen storage far exceeds the capacity of competing storage technology
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Only hydrogen can provide seasonal storage capacity by charging
consecutive days or even weeks without needing to discharge
Hydrogen fueling stations using electrolysis have excellent
customer reach
Safe and meet SAE and local standards
Can be located in densely populated urban areas
Provides clean fuel – 99.999% purity
Scalable – incremental fueling capacity added as required
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130 kg/day (Stuttgart, Germany) 65 kg/day (Santa Monica, CA)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
14:5
5:4
1
15:1
0:0
5
15:2
4:2
9
15:3
8:5
3
15:5
3:1
7
16:0
7:4
1
16:2
2:0
5
16:3
6:2
9S
ys
tem
Po
we
r (k
w)
Power Measured Power SET
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Hydrogenics’ Demonstration of Electrolyser
in IESO Distributed Loads for Regulation Study
The real time dynamic response that makes Power-to-Gas ideally
suited for providing an ISO balancing service
Note: Ontario IESO signal test completed June 2011
Faster response
than AGC Signal
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The value proposition for Power-to-Gas is compelling
Value Proposition Direct
Injection
H2 Fueling
Station
Industrial
H2 Feed
Biogas
Methanation
Captive
RE
ISO Balancing Service
Flexible Deployment
Tx Grid Capital Deferral
Distributed Solution
Scalable Solution
Seasonal Storage
Renewable H2
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Power-to-Gas developers need to monetize three core benefits for
a robust business model
1. Integrate Renewables
2. Energy Produced
3. Value of Renewable Hydrogen
P2G Business Model
For example, operating the PEM electrolyser 12 hours a day
would accommodate a wide range of fueling demand and
provide a useful band for CAISO Illustrative
Lowest Demand Hours
0
25
50
75
100
125
110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
System Power
(% Nominal)
Hydrogen Fueling Demand (kg/day)
Hydrogenics’ PEMWE Operation
Balancing Service
+/- 250kW
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Price
Per
kWh
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Hydrogenics is working with Enbridge to develop the first Power-
to-Gas Pilot Project in North America
P2G Demonstration Project Objectives
Renewable
Gas Options
Integrate
Renewables
• Demonstrate Ancillary
Services with IESO
• Performance Monitoring
and Reporting
• PEM Electrolyser
• Define Contracting Path
• Set Gas Inter-Operability
Standards and Metering
• Optimize Operations
Electrolyser
Our next generation PEM stack has the same capacity as 12 of
our pressurized alkaline stacks
14
50 cm
140 c
m
1 MW PEM
Electrolyser
1 MW of our Alkaline Electrolysers
=
Today… Needs… Future…
2 MW Alkaline 1 MW PEM 40 MW Plant
Among the most proven
and utilized technology Tailored for large scale
energy storage
Advanced MW-scale GEN3
technology plant solutions
Power-to-Gas pilot plants today will drive commercial scale
deployments in the future
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Power-to-Gas will be an important part of the hydrogen
technology roadmap, but much work remains to be done
Remove Barriers to Energy Storage
Power-to-Gas proponents need to join the efforts of energy storage
associations to smooth adoption of energy storage technologies
Includes wholesale power input prices, provision of ancillary services,
ITCs, procurement targets
Get Credit for Renewable Gas
Encourage holistic energy policy thinking breaking down silos
• California’s procurement of 33% renewable HRS
• Broadening RFS2 Renewable Fuel Standards to include renewable H2
• Renewable natural gas market or tariff mechanism
Facilitate North American Gas Inter-Operability Standards
Needed for Direct Injection P2G application for GWh scale energy storage
in natural gas grid
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