Institutional Support to Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning (MESP) & River Basin Authorities An EU project managed by the European Commission Liaison Office in KosovoImplemented by GFA consulting Group GmbH

HYDROLOGICAL ANALYSIS

Date of mission: 9th – 28th of June 2008

Basin hydrologist - ZX. FANG

from BRL ingénierie

OBJECTIVES

• Data gathering and processing

• Hydro-statistics

• Scope of the work for next steps of the project

DATA GATHERING AND PROCESSING

• Existing studies /documents• Types of needed data

– River data: hourly, daily, monthly and annual flows– Rainfall– Climatic data– Geomorphological data – land cover

DAILY FLOW

Station

1st

ye

ar

Befo

re

1961

1962

1963

1964

1965

1966

1967

1968

1969

1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

Radavcë 1952Drelaj 1957Grykë 1963Deçan 1952Berkovë 1975Klinë 1957Mirushë 1979Kpuzaj 1969Gjakova 1957Ura e Terezive 1954Piranë 1966Zoiq 1957Brod 1962

Kpuzë 1952Krajk 1980Gjonaj 1967Vërmico 1949Ura e Shenjtë 1949Prizren 1951Orqusha 1963

Légende : Complet year availableIncomplet yearMissing data

MONTHLY FLOW

Station

1st

ye

ar

Bef

ore

1952

1953

1954

1955

1956

1957

1958

1959

1960

1961

1962

1963

1964

1965

1966

1967

1968

1969

1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

Radavcë 1952Drelaj 1957Grykë (Pejë) 1963Deçan 1952Berkovë 1975Klinë 1957Mirushë 1979Kpuzaj 1969

Gjakova 1957Ura e Terezive 1954Piranë 1966Zoiq 1957Brod 1962

Kpuzë 1952Krajk 1980Gjonaj 1967Vërmico 1949Ura e Shenjtë 1949Prizren 1951Orqusha 1963

Légende : Complet year availableData from Master Plan, to be validatedMissing data

GAP FILLING & DATA VALIDATION

Radavcë Drelaj Peje -Grykë Deçani Berkovë Klinë Mirusha

Mirushë Kpuzë Gjakovë Piranë

Drini Kpuz Krajk Gjonaj Vermicë Prizeren Orqhusha

Radavcë 1.00Drelaj 0.92 1.00Peje -Grykë 0.92 0.97 1.00Deçani 0.94 0.87 0.87 1.00Berkovë 0.30 0.31 0.23 1.00Klinë 0.12 0.35 0.41 0.23 0.31 1.00Mirusha 0.13 0.13 0.04 0.69 0.87 1.00Mirushë Kpuzë 0.43 0.42 0.33 0.83 0.91 1.00Gjakovë -0.10 0.21 0.18 0.16 0.73 0.68 0.83 0.46 1.00Piranë 0.70 0.37 0.37 0.29 0.64 0.66 0.88 0.84 0.88 1.00Drini Kpuz 0.62 0.72 0.73 0.62 0.63 0.80 0.56 0.70 0.58 0.68 1.00Krajk 0.67 0.66 0.56 0.89 0.79 0.81 0.49 0.85 0.95 1.00Gjonaj 0.77 0.76 0.55 0.20 0.78 0.72 0.73 0.59 0.95 1.00Vermicë 0.38 0.47 0.44 0.34 0.89 0.83 0.69 0.92 1.00Prizeren 0.84 0.42 0.41 0.32 0.21 0.52 0.71 0.45 0.52 0.51 0.43 0.56 0.70 0.50 1.00Orqhusha 0.83 0.80 0.77 0.75 0.38 0.44 0.25 0.48 0.20 0.50 0.75 0.76 0.54 0.65 0.34 1.00

Correlation between Q Drelaj and Q Pejë

Q Pejë = 1.361 Q Drelaj + 0.15

R2 = 0.94

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 5 10 15 20 25

Q Drelaj (m3/s)

Q P

ejë

(m

3/s

)

REFERENCE PERIODE FOR FLOW DATA

• Times series terminated in 1986, no recent flow data

• Reference period 1952-1986 for monthly flow (Qm)

• Daily flow (Qd): less data than QM

• QM + Qd: basic data for water resource assessment, modelling, indicators of EMF, permits for abstraction…

RAINFALL• No historic data in Kosovo

• Monitoring network needs to be rehabilitated

• Available sources: – interannual averages from

printed Hydrological Year Books

– Master plan

WATER BALANCE & STATISTIC QA

Annual Water Balance

River Station PeriodSurface (km²)

Mean annual flow (m3/s)

Runoff (mm)

Annual precipitation (mm)

E=P-R(mm)

BISTRICA E PEJÓS Drelaj 1952-1986 166.1 4.33 822 1177 355BISTRICA E PEJÓS Grykë 1952-1986 254.7 6.21 769 1168 399BISTRICA E DECANIT Deçan 1952-1986 114 4.64 1284 1530 246KLINA Klinë 1952-1986 423 2.04 152 702 550ERENIK Gjakova 1952-1986 455 12.25 849 1515 666

WHITE DRINI Kpuzë 2116 26.1 389 831 442WHITE DRIN Gjonaj 1975-1986 3904 45.07 364WHITE DRINI Vërmico 1952-1986 4368 59.34 428 890 462

BISTRICA E PRIZERENIT Prizren 1952-1986 158 4.76 950 960 10PLLAVA Orqusha 1952-1986 252 5.12 641 1017 376

Frequency analysis of the annual flow (m3/s)

Median

River Station PeriodSurface (km²)

Q5%/T=20 years

Q10% /T=10 years

Q50% Q90% /T=10 years

Q95 %/T=20 years

BISTRICA E PEJÓS Drelaj 1952-1986 166.1 2.94 3.19 4.23 5.61 6.08BISTRICA E PEJÓS Grykë 1952-1986 254.2 4.06 4.44 6.04 8.22 8.97BISTRICA E DECANIT Deçan 1952-1986 118.9 2.88 3.17 4.48 6.32 6.97KLINA Klinë 1952-1986 430.1 0.77 0.93 1.80 3.48 4.20ERENIK Gjakova 1952-1986 455 5.59 6.53 11.26 19.43 22.67

WHITE DRINI Kpuzë 1952-1986 2050 15.88 17.58 25.16 36.00 39.86WHITE DRIN Gjonaj 1975-1986 3904 31.31 33.89 44.84 59.32 64.21WHITE DRINI Vërmico 1952-1986 4320 37.55 41.25 57.49 80.11 88.02

BISTRICA E PRIZERENIT Prizren 1952-1986 167.9 2.36 2.72 4.42 7.19 8.26PLLAVA Orqusha 1952-1986 253.4 3.21 3.53 4.95 6.94 7.64

Dry years Wet years

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF QA

• Spatial distribution of rainfall• Q = (P – E) .S• Catalogue of QA/ database• Obtain immediately QA at any point of the basin

Water Q specific Upstream Q Surf.body l/s/km² unit cumul cumulP-D Qm3/sDescription Surf. P Deficit

FLOW DURATION CURVES (FDC)

Flow Duration Curve - Drelaj(1/10 mean annual flow = 0.43 m3/s)

0.1

1

10

100

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00

Exceedence Frequency (%)

Flo

w m

3/s

Q90

% =

0.7

m3/

s

Q95

% =

0.61

m3/

s

EMF INDICATORS

• Q95%, Q90% or 1/10 Qmean

Probable indicators for Ecological Minimum Flow (m3/s)

River StationSurface (km²) Q95% Q90% 1/10 Qmean

BISTRICA E PEJÓS Drelaj 166.1 0.61 0.70 0.43BISTRICA E PEJÓS Grykë 254.7 0.85 1.15 0.62BISTRICA E DECANIT Deçan 114 0.98 1.15 0.46KLINA Klinë 423 0.10 0.14 0.20ERENIK Gjakova 455 0.45 0.62 1.23

WHITE DRINI Kpuzë 2116 2.96 4.08 2.61WHITE DRIN Gjonaj 3904 5.32 7.00 4.59WHITE DRINI Vërmico 4368 7.60 10.80 5.93

BISTRICA E PRIZERENIT Prizren 158 0.87 1.20 0.48PLLAVA Orqusha 252 0.75 0.97 0.51

NEXT STEPS / HYDROOGY

• Complete the data collecting and verification (recent data especially)

• Estimate peak flows & hydrographs

• Water resource management modelling

• Flood risk assessment: flood modelling and flood risk management

WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT MODELLING

• Objective– To better assess water availability– To improve the management of conflicting situations– To optimise water allocation

Results

In the form of graphs and tables Annual, monthly, daily

By nodes: requests satisfied, shortages, flows...

Output module

resources – rivers– aquifer

Hydro DB

Adjustment over a logged series

OPERATING PRINCIPLEDatabase

Formalisation and Modelling of the management rules

Diagnostic– Need/resource

Advice–Optimisation of the management,–Implementation of the securing policy

Uses / Needs– Drinking water

supply– Irrigation

Infrastructures – dams– wat. capture

Input module

Simulation

Daily or monthly time step Over a given period

With given management policies And given needs

Calculation module

FLOOD RISK ASSESSMENT

THANK YOU FOR COOPERATION