HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash
Who cares about volcanic ash?- aircraft want to AVOID volcanic ash
Pavlof volcano, August 30, 2007
Image Creator: Chris Waythomas; Image courtesy of Alaska Volcano Observatory / U.S. Geological Survey 1PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP
HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash
Why?- jet engines have failed in-flight, windows abraded, etc.- safety issue and maintenance issue- cost of avoidance is much less than an inadvertent
encounter with ash
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HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash
Where are the volcanoes?
From http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/find_regions.cfm3PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP
HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash
A little more detail… (maps not on same scale)
From http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/find_regions.cfm
Alaska
Hawaii
Western US
Mexico, Central America
Northern South America
Marianas
Caribbean Sea
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HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash
What is being done about it?International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)• Established a global network of Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers
389 1280
30 492
53
1223
2512
1544
Number of Volcanic Ash Advisories issued during the ~18-month period before the 5th Meetimg of the ICAO IAVWOPSG
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HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)• standards and recommended practices regarding messages/products (following practices for other hazards e.g. turbulence, thunderstorms)
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HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash
In the U.S., coordination/cooperation• Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)• US Geological Survey (USGS)• NOAA (NWS, NESDIS, OAR) • US Air Force• NASA• Smithsonian Institution
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HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash
Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers• Satellite monitoring• Run transport and dispersion model (HYSPLIT @ NWS)• Issue “Volcanic Ash Advisories”
Research• NOAA, NASA, etc.
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HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash
Volcanic Ash Advisory
Volcanic Ash Graphic
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HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash
Volcanic Ash Advisory
Volcanic Ash Graphic
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Source idealization
Source description
• ash particles of all sizes are uniformly distributed through the eruption column
• ash column represented as a vertical line source
• ash particle distribution (~0.3 to ~30 μ) represented by 4 particle size bins
Hsummit
Hcolumn
HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash
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HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash
Example particle output
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HYSPLIT output in “VAFTAD-format”• “visual” ash is shown• default visual ash contour (1.0 unit source) defined based on several historical eruptions • actual visual ash contour chosen by forecaster
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HYSPLIT output in “VAFTAD-format”
HYSPLIT output in “HYSPLIT-format”
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HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash
http://ready.arl.noaa.gov/READYVolcAsh.php
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