I. · 2020. 12. 6. · CIA, U.S. District Court for the District ofColumbia, Civil Action No:...

Central Intelligence Agency

Washington, D.C. 20505

07 October 2020

John Clarke, Esq.1629 K Street, NWSuite 300Washington, DC, 20008

Reference: Lois Moore, et all'. CIA, U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia, CivilAct ion No: 1:20-cv-01027; 1'-2020-00473

Dear Mr. Clarke:

This is an interim response to your 25 November 20 19 Freedom of Information Act(FO IA) request submitted by your client , Lois Moore, for the following:

I. From the period of Ma rch 16, 1954, through 1961, all records of the CIA'sefforts in undertaking "clandes tine and covert acti on to locate, identify, andrecover those U.S, Prisoners of War still in Communist custody"

2. An unredaeted copy of thi s report [January 5, 1952, CIA Information Reports)together with all intelligence material upon wh ich it was based, includ ingreports, analysis, correspondence, signals intelligence, imagery, and live sightingreports.

3. Please prod uce the [followin g] referenced lin J uly 15, 1952, CIA Cross ReferenceSheet):

a, July 15, 1952 "Basic Communicat ion"b. June 24, 1953 " Basic Document"e. Information described as "etcetera"d. POW Information in, or otherwise " Router to, C} , File"e. POW information related to or bearing the "Cross Reference Number

040"f. POW Information re lated to or bearing the "Classificat ion Number 383,6

Korea."4. All records regard ing the .Iune I, 1951 shoot down and capture over North

Korea of the American F-51 piloted by U.S. Air Force Captain Harry CecilMoore, born February II , 1924, in Elm Grove, West Virginia, service numberAO 711850.

5. All records upon which the following statement from February 27,1952 memofrom Chief of Naval Personnel to Co mmanding General, Fa r East Air Force was

based: "It is now believed that there is a possibility that Captain Moore survivedand is now a Prisoner of War."

6. All records regarding Captain Moore's incarceration and transportation fromNorth Korea to the Soviet Union, his locations in the Soviet Union, and allevidence that he "may have been interrogated by Soviet officials.

7. An unredacted copy of July 17, 1952, three page CIA Information Report,together with the materials upon which this Report was based, including reports,analysis, correspondence, signals intelligence, imagery, and live sighting reports.

8. An unredacted copy of December 31, 1953, CIA Information Report, togetherwith the materials upon which this Report was based, including reports, analysis,correspondence, signals intelligence, imagery, and live sighting reports.

9. An unredacted copy of March 24, 1954, CIA Information Report, together withthe materials upon which this Report was based, including reports, analysis,correspondence, signals intelligence, imagery, and live sighting reports.

10. An unredacted copy of April 23, 1954, CIA Information Report.11. An unredacted copy of April 27, 1954, CIA Information Report, together with

the materials upon which this Report was based, including reports, analysis,correspondence, signals intelligence, imagery, and live sighting reports.

12. An unredacted copy of December 8, 1954, CIA Information Report.13. Any and all information relating to this Report [January 23,1992 cable from

Embassy Helsinki to Secretary of State]14. An unredacted copy of March 9,1988, CIA Memorandum to "US Army Chief,

Special Office for Prisoners of War and Missing in Action," together with thematerials upon which this Report was based, including reports, analysis,correspondence, signals intelligence, imagery, and live sighting reports.

15. All records relating to any of the POWIMIA's names in the attached list.16. Any and all records relating that any POWIMIAs may have been held in the

prisons identified in the attached list of Russian prison camps.17. For the period beginning June of 1951, and continuing to the present time, please

produce all POW records provided to, or receive from, any office of anycomponent of the Department of Defense, including but not limited to:

a. CCRAKb. Air Force 6004 Air Intelligence Service Squadron during the tenure of

"Project American."c. Missing in Action Office, including those provided in response to the

attached February 12, 1997 letter from U.S. House of RepresentativeJames Talent seeking "Intelligence pertaining to American prisoners whowere taken to China and the Soviet Union during the war" as well as:

i, The 389 American service members who into the 1980's were listedas unaccounted prisoners ofwar by the United NationsCommand Military Armistice Commission (UNCMAC) H.

All U.S. Air Force F-86 pilots who remain unrepatriated.d. Air Force Office of Special Investigations, of AFOSIe. Naval Criminal Investigative Service, or NCISf. Army Criminal Investigation Command, CID

g. u.s. Army Combined Command Reconnaissance Activities Far East, orCCRAFE.

18. All POW records prepared by any officer, agent, or employee of the CIA,prepared for the Office of the President including the President's Daily Brief, orPDB, that include information on the possibility of POW's being transferred tothe Soviet Union or China.

19. All records reflecting communications with Members of Congress, orCongressional Oversight committees concerning the capture of American airmenduring the Korean conflict who may have been transported to the Soviet Unionor China and their presumed fate.

20. All records concerning POW's and KGB defector Yuri (or Yury) Rastvorov,who informed the United States Government that American military personnelwere taken to the Soviet Union during the Korean Conflict. This request includesan unredacted version of the attached page with the heading, "Terminology".

21. All intelligence material (including reports, analysis, correspondence, signalsintelligence, imagery, and live sighting reports) concerning statements made byformer Czech General Jan Sejna and other former Czech Officials concerningformer US POWs held, interrogated and experiment on by Czech and Sovietadvisors, and thereafter transferred to China, Czechoslovakia, East Germanyand the Soviet Union.

We are processing your request in accordance with the Freedom of Information Act(FOIA),5 U.S.C. § 552, as amended, and the Privacy Act of 1974, 5 U.S.C. § 552a.

We have identified six (6) documents that may be released in segregable form withredactions made on the basis of FOIA exemptions (b)(l) and (b)(3). Exemption (b)(3) pertains toSection 6 of the Central Intelligence Agency Act of 1949, 50 U.S.C. § 3507, noted as exemption"(b)(3)CIAAct" on the enclosed documents, and/or Section 102A(i)(l) of the National SecurityAct of 1947, 50 V.S.C § 3024(i)(I), noted as exemption "(b)(3)NatSecAct" on the encloseddocuments. The documents are on the enclosed CD.

A final response will be provided to you on a later date.

Sincerely,

44{~Mark Lilly

Information and Privacy Coordinator

Enclosures

Proved for Release: 2020/10107 C00115288

Approved for Release: 2020/10107 C00115288

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(b)(3) NatSecAct

____ I TERMINOLOGY

OperativBY UpolnomocheDT (OPERUPOLNOMOCHENY)-Case officer I I (b)(3) NatSecAct

St~rehy operattvny upolnomocheny-Senior caee officer(DR-19-49S)

POJlH~Bhchn1k OperupolJl.omoche:aogo-JUIlior(sic) case Officer.1 (b)(3) NatSecAct

lakenserv1rova.nyye agentury- l1terall~ d@@n fr••rn 1etworks, or caaaed or_ preserved ]lets. Deep Cever ]lets. . (b)(3) NatSecAct

LegalJl8.ya rezidentura.- Legal residencyl I (b)(3) NatSecAct

gruppovody- prillcipa.l agents.1 (b)(3) NatSecAct

Treil1rovochlloye reapiBaniye- Signa.l Pl&al I for period contacts (b)(3) NatSecAct

Voyevoye Raepisaniye- Signal plan fer use after WIT agent has been a.cttvate(b)(3) NatSecActl I


.. '~ i '". -,.Approved for Release: 2020/10107 C02890147. ... oeO

FEB 1952 .........~

CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE" AGENCY

CLASSIFICATION

(b)(3) CIAAct

INFORMATION REPORT REPORT[ _CD NO.

COUNTRY Korea/Ohina

SUBJECT Prisoner-of-War C8fPB in North Korea and Chine.

DATE DISTR.

NO. OF PAGES

1.7.ruly 1952

3

DATE OFINFO.

PLACEACQUIRED L- -----.J

(b)(1)(b)(3) NatSecAct

NO. OF ENCLS.(LISTED BELOW)

SUPPLEMENT TOREPORT NO.

( )( )(b)(3) NatSecAct

GRADING OF SOURCE * COLLECTOR'S PRELIMINARY GRADING OF CONTENTCOMPLETELY USUALLY FAIRLY NOT NOT CANNOT CONFIRMED PROBABLY POSSIBLY PROBABLY CANNOTUSUALLY BE BY OTHER DOUBTFUL BERELIABLE RELIABLE RELIABLE RELIABLE RELIABLE JUDGED SOURCES TRUE TRUE FALSE JUDGED

A. B. C. v D. E. F. 1. 2. 3. x 4. 5. 6.

* Except as notedTHIS DOCUMENT CDNTAIMS IN FORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAl DEFENSE

OF THE UHITEO HATES, IiITHIN THE NEANING OF TITLE 18, SECTIONS 793

UNEVALUATED INFORMATIONAND J9~. OF THE U.S. COOE, AS AMENDED . ITS TRANSMISS ION OR REYE- THIS ISLAT I ON OF I TS CONTENTS TO OR RECEI PT 8Y AN UNAUTHORI ZED PERSON IS

PROH 18 ITED 8Y lAW . THE REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM IS PROH18ITEO.

SOURCE

b 1

1. . I n May 1952 the War Pri s oner Administrative Offi.ce (Chan Fu .KuanLl _0h!u} ...(2069/ 01.99/ 4.619/3810/ 5710 ) in Plyongyang, u.nderCo1onel No-men~ch'i...f'u(6179/7024/ 1.148/ 1.133)' an ,inteD.lgence officer attached to the generalheadquar t er s of t he Soviet Far Eastern M111tary DistrictJ controlled prisonerof war camps i n Manchuria and North Korea. The office, formerly in Mukden,employed 30 persons, several of whom were English-speaking Soviets. LIN Mai(2651 / 670l ) and NAM Ll, (0589/2}~80) were deputy chairmen of the office" .

"-

The office had developed three types ofprisoner-of..,war camps. Camps termedIlpea ce camps," detaining persons who exhibited pro-:Oommunist leanings, werecharacterized by considerate treatment of the prisoners and the stagingw1thinthe camps of Corrnnup i s t rallies and meetings. The largest peace camp) .whi chheld two thousand prisoners, was .at Chungchun , Peace camps were' also atK1 a i yuan HSien (124-05 ; 42-36) and Pench'i (123-43~ 41-20).

(b)(3) CIAAct

L---._I

RETURN TO RECORDS C£JIllRIMMEDIATELY AF~}11laI~-..?77 BOX"""'!:J-z..__

DI STRI Burr ON

AD

I (b)(3) CIAAct

_ _ _ _ ~~-Approved for Release: 2020/10107 C02890147 .

CLASS I FI CAhoN

Reform camps , all of which were i n Manchuria, detained anti-Communist prisonerspossessing certaintecbnical skills. Emphasis at t hes e camps was onreiildoctr:'l,nation of t h;e prisoners.

3.

If- - Approved for Release: 2020/10107 C02890147

- ~!AL

-2- (b)(3) CIAAct

5·

6.

7.... ._~~----

f-3 8 ..

F-3 9.

~"*'...

F-3 10.

J{or.ma.l prisoner...of-war camps J all of which were in North Korea7 detainedpriaonerswhom the Communists will exchange , PrIaoner-s in the peace andreform camps will not be exchanged"

Officials of North Korean prisoner of war camps sent reports on indiyidualprisoners to the War Prisoner Administrative Office" Cooperative prist;lnel'swere being :t r ansf er r ed to peace eamps • ROKarmy officers W'erebeingsllot)R.OK army soldiers were being reindoctrinated and assimilated into the NorthKOl."ean army.

K8.n~dong Camp

In May the largest North Korean prisoner of war camp, detf'.tning twelve hundredprisoners; was near T'a! Ling (1132/1545) mountain, six. miles southeast of tp.eKangdong (126...05; 39..09) (Bu-4831) railroadstation.1 The compound" dividedwith barbed wire and mud embankments into four partitions for American$ English,and Turkish prisoners and prisoners of other natlJnalities, held 840 American"100 English, 60 'llurkish, and 200 hundred French> Dutch" and Canadian troops-.Most -of the United States prisoners l¢re members of" the 1 Cavalry Division andthe 2'... Infantry Division. - Genera~ WiJJ.ia;m Dean was :!llOyed from lIarbin andMukden to thiacamp in 1951.

The Kangdong camp, org&niZed into study, ~nagement, sanitation, and finance 'sections, compelledthe prisoners to s.tu.dy f0:r:' three houre, to labor .for fourhours: J and to a1Bcu.Bs political problems for two hours.

On 1. ~y nine t hollBand (sic) ROK army prisoners and fifty United Nationsprisoners W'ere in caves at the Kangd.mg camp, extending from approx.1ma.tely00492363 to BU494368 in A. valley it Adal-ni, Kangdong-myon (126-05... 39-09)(Bu-4837 ) ~2 or the ROK army pri80~ers 10 percent were officers-' 50 percentnon-commissioned offlcer6, and )'N .er-eerrt privates.. Of the United Nationsprisoners 10 percent -were Negroes" The prisoners, who received 600 grams ofcereal arid salt each day, were no, required to work and spent only two hourseaeh dAy out of the caves ". An aV:rage of two prisoners were dying daily frommalnutrition and eruptive typhUS The majority of prisoners at this camp lrtereextremely anti-Communist in t.hin.ing 0- Three North Korean army gu8.rda -' armed-with P:PS11 1 s and rifles J were,.rat; he entrance of each cave ..

C~p ;Number, 1~6? Mirf.!-n

On 1 May approximately sixteerhUndred ROK army prisoners of war, inclUding one:hundred officers and five nun:ed non-commissioned officers, were at the NorthKorean prisoner of wei-:- camp.umber 106 at approximately YD-4J2214, 1 ..6 kilometerssouthWest. of tb.e Miril'l.1 ra5_"oad statiorr (125-51, 39...01) (YD-4722)~ Prisoners .held 11ere, having been p:r;essed tp.rough five ideological screenings, .wer ebelieved 1;0 be potentia1 _ nverts to Communfam , The prisoners believed thattheYll~rt: to be a'3Bimila.f¢ into ·the· North Korean army. Members of politicala.nd. lc::curi ty detachments \intained strict surveillance of the priaonerso. ~su·..ei118,nce often was car ' ~d out be members of these bureaus who entered theCF'J.pS disguised as priBonert .

lEach :prlsoner received 50 wo monthly, 1 kilogram of grain and 45 grams of sPybean oil, vegetables, salt, ad soy bean paste daily. The prisoners:werewe~ingNorth Korean army uniforms. Te prisoners were constructing air l;"aid~eltersnear t he Mira-ni airfield ten 'tOurs each day Ji Two hours of indoctrinationlectures were also held daily. The prisoners had been organized into squads .of ten men. Each of the camp 's four battalions had three platoons and eachplatoon, four s quads, A guard platoon.. armed with M...l ls, carbines) and PPSh's,was at the camp.


Suan-


~.A1

-3.... (b)(3) CIAAct

(b)(3) NatSecAct

3.

P",3 11. On 5 May 200,ROK army prisoners and 1.10 prisoners from other United Nationsarmies including 80 Negroea J were at tlle North Korean prisoner of war camp att1le~!te ofilie former Soon mine (1.26-23 38-!j·7) (BT-'7396) ~ ten kilometersnorth of Soon (126-22" 38-42 ) (BT"'7186).3 Lieut.enant Colonel KIM Kyu...hwan(6855j il45/ 3562) commanded. the camp. Alth.ough ot.her United Nations prisoner.s1iI'ere not, required to work... the ROK army pr:1.aoners constru,cted shelters andtrenches throughontthe entire day. T"ne pr:I.soners received only rice baJ.J.&for food. ' Sever a l of" the 'other United Nations prisoners had 'obtained wheatpaste from. villagers in exchange f'or watches ,and other personal possessions.Thereafter the villagers were prohibited fiom entering the camp area", Nosanitary facilities were of:fered to the prisoners. Approximately f'ifteenprisoners, inclu,ding both ROK and Unite,d Nations personnel)' were too ill to

, stand ~

Sari-won,

F ...3 ]$:. In late Apl"i.l apprtix:i.inately eigJlt hundred United Nations prisoners were in as~ries of' underground .slJelters at approxJmately YC-1I36673 in a valley be:t¥een

· two h:Uls four kilometers northeast of the Sariwon railroad station .(.125-46, 38-30) (Yc:-~·o64 ) ¥ . On each side of' t he valley at the base of the twohills were 25 shelters~. One shelter in every five aecomoda'ted the camp guards ..Eigb.t hundred Chinese Oommunis t soldiers" armed wIth PFahl a and rifles, guardedthe area. DI1mIIJ;,Y guards were also used at night.. The majority of the guardswere billeted in a nearby yillage of fi:fteen homes. The guard billets wereeasily visible from the ad.r , Each prisoner received pork soup and 600 grams of'cereal t:hree times daily and a package of' clga:rettes each day. The prisonerawere required to work tor one hour and attendindoctrinatlon meetings. for twohours daily,,-

'Mukden

13. On 6 January 1952 :four hundred Un:tted States prisoners, including three hundred:Negroes j were being detained in two buildings at Hsiao Nan Kuan CMeh" at the

·southeast corner of' the intersection" in Mukden. One bUilding) used aa:thepoliee headquarters in Ralao Nan Knan during the Japanese occu.pation~ was a ~o~

·s tory concrete structureJ 30 meters long and 20 meters wide • The other. building,one story high and constructed of gray brick, waS behind the two ...story building,, '

•. Both buildings bad tile r oof s .. All prisoners held here, with the e:x:ception of'three second l ieutenants 1 were en.listed personnel.. The prLaonere., dressed inChinese Commun18't army uniforms '" with a red arm ban,d. on the left arm, were notrequired ·t o work. Two hours of indoctrina:tion were condueted daily by :Staffmembers of" the Northeast. Army Command , Prisoners were permitted to play basket..ball in the courtyard. The attempt of three wh:Lte prtsenera to escape causedthe withdrawal of' pezml.aa Lon for white prisoners to walk alone through streetsin the Vicinity of the camp. Two Chinese Communist so.Ldf.er-s guarded groups of'white prisoners when such groups .left tb,e bUildings" Negroea, howeyer, cou.Ldmoye outside t.he compound area freely and ~ndividually. Rice", noodles, and onevegetableW'ere served daily to the prisoners in groups of 10 to 15 men. Oneplatoon o:fCninese Commun1.st. soldiers guarded t.he compound"

(b)(3) NatSecAct .

1. [, . . I Comm~n...t, D In ),.ate February 1.952 two thousand prisoners" a.lightlyinclin~owardCommunism, were being detaJ..ned at the base of a mounta.1nth.-ree kilometers west of Kangdongj according to I Iand re(b)(1 )lced

(b)(3) NatSecAct reports" (b)(3) NatSecAct

~~ I IComment .. Th.is is presumably In:formation on the same camp aa thatreported in:paragraphs 6-7 above.

I . ICo~ent. In March approximately 4,300 ROK prisoners, chiefly officers,wer'ere;t 'the Suan camp, I I (b)(1)

(b)(3) NatSecAct


r!

I

Approved for Release : 2020/10107 C02913124U S Off iCi]!! un'y

CENTRA L INTELU GENC E AG.E~CY

INFORMATION REPORT(b)(3) CIAAct

Ower a year. ago; the Soviet authc.riti8G estab:lishod o&DJps tar ~1IODC"8(:0010 neo••Hri1y US)t4ken in Korea by the S:tno-North Koroan toro•••Tho•• campa were looa'ted at:

\ (b)(3) NatSecAct

----------------;----------

KomtJOJOOlsk, on 'the River Am.1rMagu.dan, on the bay c~ Noga::'evc, Sell. of: OkbotClkChita

Irkutsk

Pr18cma'1I !:rom bo'th the US and the °var1C'!lB oOOperat.ing European armi.s were&1ike kDcnrn Ae Vayo~18nniye Amer~kar.t ;ri.

J&&

SUPP. 'rOREPORT NO .

NO. OF ENeLS •

DATE DISTR .~7..&.p:r 19'4

NO . OF PAGES ~

Offield" Onlyu,s


USSR

US PriSClnft'S ot 'tVa:- in USSR

THIS IS UHEVALUATEO I~ FORMA T I ON

nUl Me..-._, ( 0 .·...... '.'0". '10. A ~. ' lt' . .. . ' ''I "."10" •• 01.1 ... ].' , .. C: U""UI 11'6 " 1' . • " .. , . Til l or r ,,,l.' t. I. C l" IO". I'll.... f •• • 01 , •• 1,; . ' COOl , D.Cl . , T I , tI O.. " e ,&..,.01- 0' ., . CO"". 'I TO O•• , C I I" . ....... ,".. 6 uT _ O• • , tO •••• 0. I.

'5!!F!r:t" r btE !rfW... H5I:8' " W' mw " mS!l 'I!' ,

au


J :UllC1.,mon regara_ -tser I ~~lm NatSecAct~ }4"1iiODerCS ( captured &irIng the Karean w~) on tha ta:ft..t ot.AdaU,o VSSR. Moatly' they were in Komsemolell: (Anu."r Ri....), C.-of JIopnof sea o~ Clkbotek) g Chita f Irkutsk . ~lotcv, Gub&k!:a DW"....t ' .or MD10.lI Komi Perm1&k (Siber1r.Jg Kul1~ (northn8t of JIt1otoy)~Cba... (em the Kaua River, ncr'th of Molotov. Tb8re 18 DO~ to1D41g.~ 'tbat~ ot them cave everbeeIl ret".trMd.). . I.:

2. ··

1.

COUNTRY

SUDJECT

I

II

I

iiiO

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II

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1

I

II

II

IIII

I

I

I

I

I

III

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(b)(3) CIAAct

- :~-

:3. In Pel» 1952. tbree tNndrec us .-a soner-s uf war ..or" tran"porte

rI

Approved for Release: 2020/10/07 C02913124

(b)(3) CIAAct

l~ Aceo1"(U.n~ to 1ntonaat10n covcr1ng the ~r1od Aug to Dec 19~, ~e hundredUS . l~soner:s were tran,ported to tbe caapn untJoDed. a~Ye. Tu to~n\lalter ot prlsor,ar& ~ro\l8ht in tao aaae direotion reached au ;Aouaanc1.

li. ACQord.1.ni to .. 1ntoraat10n reoe1v.d I I~ t'oJ.lold.ngfact. 11&1. tie res-rd.ea as established.: (b)(3) NatSecAct

a.

~.

c.

Prl.~rs vere tkken by rail 'froa the 8tat10n or Poaet (on tbe ~a••-Soviet l>oWlclaJ7) OVer the line ot tbet East ~1"Z'1an RaUva;r. 'the;r were~ to tb.o eastorn UraJ.s.

Pr180nera wore al~o taken bf Doat fro. tM purt:> ot BWril~a~ Okhotsk. andMagadan. 'fheJ then vent by raU or truck to Va1karcl U2.IV(on the sea orChukost r to Ust llaiak (on tbe Aldan River) and t.. Yaltu:t8k ' :>n ~ AAn&River.)

Transportat1on ot pr1aoncr3 to ValJtarell, or VrlJL81rom.&W".. ~11..cnMcll»:r theirdll1t'"1lnltlon to a network of camps in tho reg10n ot MabIU ~.LJlUk. on ~n.Ea!JtSlber!M1 .~ t.:' ~ . 'I'hl)~~ ~:>lJ1!)!'I Ware run by the MVD, lmder tb8 caaand ot IlAotf1oer ot unknown rank. nGJll,8d SorocbUk (prol:labJ,7 an JCV!) major) and a01vll1anott101al namod Chimbo.

d. At the higboet poa.1l:l1e ~st1mat., t~ero wero no more than 12,000 ot the••prll1or.era. By Apr 1952, three hundred WQ:'tI dead and 400 had been taken tobarra=alca, gnlvely 1.Ll. .

- end ..

(b)(3) NatSecAct

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... c

Approved for Release: 2020/10107 C053191 00

CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY

INFORMATION REPORT

This t1ocume:ntcontalns Information affecting the Na-tlonai t1efemie of the United States, within the mean-tng of Title IB, Sections 793and 794, of the U.S. Cod.e, asamended. Its transmission or revelation of Its contentsto or receipt by an unauthortaed person Is prohibitedby law. The reprod.uctlon of thIs form Is prohtblted. . ,',

SECRE'.I1/aONTRO:t. , .'ij~ oF'F'Icms ONLYS'-·.-Uk!-Y 'l',' «: ~N '

\,

23 April 1954(b)(3) CIAAct

3NO. OF PAGES

REPORT I ~---DATE DISTR.

USSR (Tyumen Oblast)

Sonet Conc:ent:r3Jtion Campsin the Vdrkuta Area

COUNTRY

SUBJECT

RDREQUIREMENT NO.

REFERENCES(b)( 1)(b)(3) NatSecAct

OF INFO. I

PLACE ACQUIREDI------------

DATE

THE SOURCE EVALUATIONS IN THIS REPORT ARE DEF/NITlVf'.THE APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE,

(FOR KEY SEE REVERSE)

(b)( 1)(b)(3) NatSecAct

10 The eommander' of the concentration camp complex in the Vorkuta (N 66-22, E 70-08)area. is an MVD officer v Major General I).erev;yanldn. n The political officer atCamp Noo 14 is Senior Lieutenant Kech. The following are among the camp pers'onnelat Camp NoD 2:

(b)( 1)(b)(3) NatSecAct

. ,Major Mailikov, Camp CommSlllderMajor Dikhtyaryov, .baistant Camp CommanderCaptain Makhalov, Supply OfficerCapt,adn Pokhomov; MVD Representative (Upolnomochennyy MVD)Senior Lieutenant Prokhorov, MVD RepresentativeSenior Lieutenant Kalikin, Administrative OfficerSergeant Major Mishinko) Assistant'to theMVD :R.apresentatives,Sergeant Major Kiri:lrova (female), Head of the Medical Unit."

, 2.

Apparently» single guard unitswere responsible for guarding more than'l----~~

one camp$! since many cilMps were located within a few kilometers of each other'.I

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(b)(1 )(b)(3) NatSecAct

. S~RET /CON'l'RQI '------ I (b)(3) CIAAct


5. The· follOwin,g nationalities were represented among the prisoners at Camp No. 21Western Ukr~iansJ) LithUanians. ~ La.t vians J) Estonians 9 RuI3sians:, LiS(includ-

c:e Volga Germans) $1 Moldavians fl Chechens$) Georgians~ A.:rnumians, Komi, I IIH\Ulgarians .~ Pole;'3 $J Japanese 9 and Chinese. Of ir.he Germans, 120 were from'---~erman==y.---..!as oppo sed t o t he Volga Germa.ns~ Ten of the 120 Germans were repatriat.edI I There wer'e approximately 100 Russians in th e camp. Tho:. Western

(b)(1) Ukrainians and t he Lithuanians were by far the largest two nation(b)(1 )ouns at this(b)(3) NatSecA~tPo There were no Koreans at this camp. (b)(3) NatSecAct

6. There were among the prisoners at Camp No. 2 many who had been sentenced ·foreol:l.aiboration with or aervioe in the German A:rmy during World War IT. Therewere~ however,!) no Vlas so'Vi tes at t hi s campo Except for th e Western Ukrainians,who were cal l ed Zapadni ki (Westerners) in camp~ the various Soviet nationalitiesgot along well t ogether . There was ~ however, some discrimination against theGermans by the Sov~et nationalities~ particularly: from .rormer· collaboratorswho cladmed that t he Germans had let t hem down. The West,ern Ukrainians wereclann1Eih and nasty t o al l ether· nationalities . There were a great number ofinformers among the Western Ukrainians.

70 From the beginning of 1952 ~ the prisoners began to receive pay for their work. and their rations we:r'e improved. Until August 1953 .9 they received 10() rubles

per' month in, cash and another- 100 rubles were credited to their acccnmt. 1his. money could be s pent in th e camp canteen. After August 1953, as the ·resUlt ofa strike (covered below) t he prisoners ! pay was raised t " 150 rubles per monthin cash and an equal amount was credited to their account.

8 0 The daily food ration at t hi s camp for the prisoners was as ' follows t

200 grams of oat meal,650 grams of soup,23 grams of meat,27 grams of sugar,800 grams of bread,50 grams of whi t ,e r ol 1.s9 and20 to 25 grams of fat , 0

1l;le above ration was know as t he "northern ration" (sev.~rnyy pa~) and wasmuch larger than t he r ati ons in concentration camps fart.her to · e 8oUth. It W&8alB m.ore substantial than the average dai ly .food consumed on many kolkhozy. Personswho ref'tiBed' to work had thei!;' daily ration reduced to 350 grams of bread and soup.

90 Motion pictures were o,::cSlsionally shown to the prisoners. The frequency with whichmovies were shown depended. upon the prisoners? achievement of production norms.There were Loudspeaker-s in all barracks buildings. Newspapers and books werealBO available to the pr1soner-s •

10. 'lhe guard personnel wore red shoulder boards with blue piping. Some troops withdark blue I!Ihoulderho~rds occasionally appeared for specia[ checks. The interiorguard consisted or· middle-aged guards who were friendly to the prisoners. Theexterior ~ard personnel ·were much younger and unpleasant.

11. There were5 pOOO prd scner-s at Camp No. 14. One of the pr:tsoners waa an old Trotsky-i te who had been a. prisoner since 1932. This camp contained a power plant. Allparticulars on this camp such as food rations,9 pay.9 attitude of Western Ukr8.d.nians Jrecreational facilities » etc., are similar to those at Camp No o 2. .

12. There. was no 8ign of organ1~zed anti-Soviet activity in the prison camp. On thel;>as1s of observations made at Camp No. 2 it is clear that prisoners were afraid todiscu~s politics because of the exis tence of informers among the prisoners. Therewere probably groups of friends among the prisoners who trus't-ed each other and per-haps discussed political subjects. There were two young Russian prisoners in CampNo. 2 who had been sentenced to 25 years'imprisonment. for d1.stributinp; anti-Sovietlea,nets in Moscow. n~ is riot known whether these men belonged. .to atJ:¥ organizationand. lthat sort of leai:'1et,s th ey had distrIbuted.

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13. Stalin's death did not bring about any improvements in the prison oamps. judgingfrom obs-ervations in Camp No.2. A.ctuaJlly,the guards became worse. Improvements

/ had been introduced a year earlier. Judging from extremely limited politicalconversat;ions,1 nothing good was expecbed from Milenkov by the prisoners. Th,post-Stalin amnesty affected prisoners Wi.th five-year terms only, but it didinolude politioal prisoners in this category. In general, prisoners who werereleased had to remain in the Vorkuta area, but some released prisoners withfa.milies were sent to free exile settlements in Siberia and Central Asia. Theprisoners learned of the 17 June riots in sst Germany through Soviet newspapersand loudspeakers in July. Some of the prisoners expected immediate war andthought that arms would be dropped to them by the Americans.

14.

16.

4s a result of Beriya's arrest a general strike by the prisoners in the Vorkuaarea took place, lasting from 22 July to 1 August 1953. Camps No.2, 3, 14, 29,30, and"pOl!Isibly others ware involved'in the strike. The strikers insisted that,l!Iince ,Ber i ya had been denounced as a traitor and a. forei,gn agent, ~ey werebeing held illegally, aa they had been arrested by Beriya. Soviet citimensdemanded immediate release or transfer to free exile areae , Foreigners delllBl1de4repatriation or transf'erto PW camps , Maljor General lJerSV'1ankin ' as weli as 'another high MVD official came to Camp No.2 and probabl;Y' other oamps ~ talkto the pril!oners. 'lhe result of the strike was a cutting down of' the work-dayto, nine hours, the removal of numbers from uniforms, higher pay (see paragraph 1),end the removal of certain restrictions. In some camps there was violence onthe part of the guards who tried to force the prisoners '1:.0 go back to work, butthis wars not the case at Camp No.2. The strike waS' vie'vred as a great suoces.tor the pri.aners.

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emana were released before the OOlll(b) (1) ..... ..~their: sentences. ey were repatriated to Germany by train tre.ve11l~j(~)~_~~~.~ctcircuitous route • .Leaving Vorkuta, the trsin p:roceeded '~hrou~h Enta, Ukhta(N 63-34, E '3-42), Kotlas (~ 61-16, E'46-35), Voroshil~rirad CN 48-34, B 39-20),and then west to Brest-Litovsk (N ,2-07, E 23-42). In the early part ot thejournq they traveled on a separate prison train) later", 'wough Breat-Litovskand Po~~d",their car w~s hitched on to regular passenger trains.

Diagram of' Camp Area,I _ (b)(1 )(b)(3) NatSecAct r

Railroaxi returnsto Vorkuta, .-....-+"..j""~+-+O..f""P'~

p No~30

Vorkuta,

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NO. OF PAGES

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REPORT 1 _

DATE OISTR.

REQUIREMENT NO.

REFERENCES

This Doc:um~nt contain. Ic fonnatlon a!l'eetl.n& the Na.Uoo'" tMfenlloO o r th e UnlUd Btak'S. wltbl n tbe mean-Ing 01 nUll 18. Seetlon. 71113 and 7H,ol th e U.S . COde,,,amended . Ita transml.u.\oD or revel.Uon of its conten tsto or rec:e1ptby .n unauthorized penon ta prOhlb\~by law. The reproduction ot thiS rann 1a ,prohlbUoel1.

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USSR (Far East)

~lo1tation of Prisonex:s-of-:War of the.SoViets' .

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PLACE ACQUIRED

COUNTRY

DATE OF INFO.

SUBJECT

CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY

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/tJlr ~ort77- J-}---NOT RECORDED13 APR 12 1954-

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EX•• 106

fHE SOURCE EVAlUAlJONS IN THIS Iff'OaJ ARE DEfiNITIVE.THE ,"",.UISAt 01 CONTENT IS TENTATIVE.

(101 UY Iff IEVElSl)

e ·~Yte1;...Int!'J.U&fllG~ee~ e=,-i!1'g, .!!.rB-i~£ .. a_..!LI.pa:t-1cular~IJS~•.~.s~ g_ .... .~d.!!o.!-:~h,,~x:ea. I some PWs listed . 'as missing"were an fact turned over to tlie SovietSbfthe C nese and NorthKoreans. These PWs will be screened by the Soviets, and those eventually sel;ytwill be trained to be illegal"reilidents either in t~(b)(T) or in other countrieswhere they can live as Americans.

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