assachusSC_ iENCE1tS nStateColl

~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ .I

NEW SERIES SJUBSCRIPTION, $6.00VOL. 83, NO. 2150 FRIDAY, MARCH 13, 1936 SINGLE COPIES, .15VOL. No. 1 2~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Quantitative Analysis 3rd75 Illustrations. 555 Pages. Washable Cloth $4.00By STEPHEN POPOFF, PH.D., Revised by M. J. RICE, PH.D., and W. P. CORTELYOU, B.S.(Alfred University)

It covers in a single volume, theory, laboratory instructions, problems and expla-nations for calculation of problems; it emphasizes law of mass action and theory ofequilibrium to quantitative reactions; it incorporates recent advances.

The Physical World426 Illustrations. 566 Pages. Washable Cloth $2.75By LouIs M. HEILJ, PH.D. (Ohio University)

A type of physics suitably adapted for those who are not going into science, but whodesire to know something about physics and still not be frightened away by mathematicalformulae and endless problems. It is also a textbook in physical science; that is, onecombining astronomy, physics, and chemistry mainly.

Volumetric Analysis 12th128 Illustrations. Tables. 631 Pages. Cloth $10.00By F. I. SUTTON, F.C.S., Revised by A. D. MITCHELL, D.Sc. (London)

A systematic handbook for the quantitative determination of chemical substancesby measures, applied to liquids, solids, and gases. It is adapted to pure Chemical Re-search, Pathological Chemistry, Pharmacy, Metallurgy, Photography, Industrial Chem-istry, Commerce, Agriculture and Arts.

Anatomy For Physical Education472 Illustrations. 263 In Colors. 657 Pages. Fabrikoid $7.00By L. F. EDWARDS, PH.D. (Ohio State University)

The study of the human body is made from the regional standpoint. A brief treat-ment of surface and applied anatomy is given in each chapter, and the principles ofdiagnosis and treatment of athletic injuries are given to aid the coach or physical edu-cator to effectively cooperate with the team physician.

Recent Advances In Medicine 8thEdition

46 Illustrations. 450 Pages. Cloth $5.00By G. E. BEAUMONT, F.R.C.P., and E. C. DODDS, F.R.C.P. (London)It presents the clinical, laboratory and therapeutical advances with technic in detail.

P. BLAKISTON'S SON & CO., Inc.1012 Walnut Street Philadelphia, Pa.

Entered as second-class matter July 18, 1923, at the Post Office at Lancaster, Pa., under the Act of march 3, 1879.

2 CEC-DETSMNT o.8,N.25

DUKE UNIVERSITYSCHOOL OF MEDICINE

DURHAM, N. C.Four terms of eleven weeks are given each year.These may be taken consecutively (graduationin 31/4 years) or three terms may be taken eachyear (graduation in four years). The entrancerequirements are intelligence, character and atleast two years of college work, including thesubjects specified for Grade A Medical Schools.Catalogues and application forms may be ob-

tained from the Dean.

PLANT NUTRITIONAND CROP PRODUCTION

by E. J. RUSSELLDirector, The Bothamsted Experimental Station

This is a history of the search for correctplant nutrients, with frequent reference tothe work of the Rothamsted ExperimentalStation at Harpenden in Hertfordshire,England, the oldest and most celebrated ofall agricultural experiment stations.The work reviews exact demonstrations

resulting from this search for plant nutri-ents, analyzes the importance of decay tothe living plant, recounts early and recentefforts to control and use soil micro6rgan-isms, and concludes with a chapter on thegeneral nature of the soil in relation to thecrop, the investigation of the causes of var-iation in the composition of the soil solution,and other work aiming at maintenance ofthe soil solution at t'he optimum concentra-tion for the crop. Price, cloth, $1.50.

Order through your dealer, or direct from

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESSBERKELEY, CALIFORNIA

I.- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

FRONT SURFACE MIRRORSWe are prepared to make by high vacuum depo-

sition opaque and semi-transparent reflecting sur-faces having special properties of heat and chemi-cal resistance, non-tarnishability, hardnes andhigh ultra-violet reflectivity.We have the equipment and experience for theinvestigation of your special mirror problems.

THE EVAPORATED FILMS COMPANYSummit and Oak Avenues

Ithaca, New York

The Anatomical RecordPublished by The Wistar Institute

Edward A. Boyden, Managing Editor, University of Minnesota

Vol. 65 Contents for April, 1936 No. 1K. W. FRANKE, A. L. MOXON, W. E. POLEY, AND W. C. TULLY. Monstrosities produced by the injection of selenium salts into

hens' eggs. Two text figures.J. H. ELDER. Report of a case of inherited polymastia in chimpanzee. One plate.M. H. KNISELY. Spleen studies. I. Microscopic observations of the circulatory system of living unstimulated mammalian

spleens. Eight text figures.A. L. ROMANOFF AND M. SOCHEN. Thermal effect on the rate and duration of the embryonic heart beat of Gallus domesticus.

Three text figuresN. A. MICHELS. The structure of capillaries and the un-myogenic character of Rouget cells (pericytes) in the omentum of

rabbits and in the web of living frogs. Eleven text figures.R. F. BLOUNT. The glomerular basement membrane of hypertension in experimentally produced hyperpituitarism. Two

text figures.A. E. ADAMS AND B. GRAY. A comparative study of the thyroid glands of hypophysectomized newts after treatment with

anterior pituitary, thyroid and iodine. One plate.J. FORBES. Some notes on the coloration of baboon skin. Four text figures.J. F. MENKE. An anomalous a. bronchialis dextra from the a. subclavia dextra, secondarily connected to the aorta thoracalis.

One text figure.D. BODIAN. A new method for staining nerve fibers and nerve endings in mounted paraffin sections. One text figure.

Price, $5.00 per volume, Domestic; $5.50 per volume, ForeignIssued monthly

Many early volumes are still available. Prices upon request.Address subscriptions to

The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology36th Street and Woodland Avenue

Philadelphia, Pa., U. S. A.

2 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS VOL. 83, NO. 2150

SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS

For precise research workThe Spencer PRECISION Rotary Microtome

This Spencer No. 820 Microtome fea-tures an accurate, reliable feed mechanism.The up-and-down stroke of the objectclamp is 2 inches, which permits cuttinglarge sections. The total excursion of thefeed is 37 mm. allowing you to cut a com-plete series of a large object without re-setting the knife and the feed mechanism.Sections of any thickness from 1 to 50microns can be cut.

This precision microtome is accuratelyand substantially built in all its parts-itmeets in every way, the demand for amicrotome that cuts accurate sections ofdefinite uniform thickness.

Write for folder T-12 for completedata and prices. Address Dept. A-3.

BUFFALO l{NEW YORK

MiARcia 13, 1936 3

4=CEC-DETSMNSVL 3 o 1

Added Rtefinemnentsin Instrument Design...

JUDGED from every viewpoint,OBakelite Molded cases and hous-

ings are a worthwvhile refinement inthe design of many types of preci-sion instruments. They provide notonly trimness and permanently lus-trous appearance, but also practicaladvantages in service.

In the temperature controllerillustrated, for example, a lustrousblack Bakelite Molded case enclosesall gauge parts and three dial facesin a single compact unit. It giveslasting protection to delicate work-ing parts, and remnains unmarredand unvaryingly accurate in dimen-sions and form under the most dif-ficult service conditions.

Bakelite Molded affords unusualdurability. It is highly resistant towear, abrasion, fumes, heat, mois-ture, oils and most chemicals, andshould it become soiled may easilybe wiped clean with a damp cloth.

Bakelite Molded is but one ofmany Bakelite Materials. Not onlyare there a number of types ofmolding materials, but also lamin mated stock, heat hardenable var-nishes, lacquers, enamels and ce-ments, flexible resinoids and othervarieties. Our illustrated booklets39M, "Bakelite Molded", 39L,"Bakelite Lamlnated" and 39V,"Bakelite Varnish", contain muchuseful Information for technicalmen. We will be glad to mail copiesof all three upon receipt of yourrequest.

B A K E L I T E C O R P O R A T IO N. 2 4 7 P A R K A V E N U E, N E W Y O R K, N. Y.BAK EL IT E C O R P O R A T 0NOF CANADA, 'LIMITED, 163D u f f e ri nS t r o a t,Toronto. Ontario. Canada

ThBA K -dLT E, h.-. b- ditgOih nt ta-

-I.-obfd b, Baon.l oprin. Und., be copi-lo -I il ItF _Jnwbo ol ..snlod I.- -, o oil Cofoo.-.-' -rd.-t

TIHE MATERIAL OF A THnOUSAND USES

VOL. 83, NO. 21't4 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS

SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS

CHEMICAL MICROSCOPE

Chemical Microscopy requilresan instrument of greatest ver-

satility. The Leitz Chemical

Microscope was desilgned so

that through simple adaptation

of accessories it can be used

for practically every method of

investigation such as:

1. Transmitted light, polarized or non-polarized.2. Darkfield and Ultropak illumilnation.3. Reflected light, polarized or non-polarized.

4. Observations at high temperatures.,

This microscope of greatest flexibility and highest precilsion is

offered at a moderate price. Write for Bulletin No. 8,O.

E. LEITZ, IN*C., Dept. 0.

60 East Tenth Street, N. Y. C.

BRANCHES:-Washington, D. C., Chicago, Ill., San Francisco, Calif., Los Angeles, Calif.

I' -, I

MAR.CH 13, 1936 5

6 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS2150

PORTABLE INSTRUMENT FOR

MEASURING LOW RESISTANCE

L & N PORTABLE KELVIN BRIDGEThis is a compact instrument of good accuracy, complete with accessories,

except battery, for measuring resistance of 0.001 to 25.5 ohms. The limitof error is 0.25 per cent and the self-contained pointer galvanometer has asensitivity of one microampere per mm.

Resistance is read simply by multiplying switch reading by slidewire read-ing. The low-resistance standard is adjusted by turning a rotary switch; theswitch contacts are made at an angle which prevents grooving and assures firmand continuous contact. The ratio resistances are slidewires rotated by a knob.

Four heavy leads are supplied, two for current and two for potential con-nections. The instrument has a stout oak case 16" x 634" x 8", and weighs1312 pounds.4285 PORTABLE KELVIN BRIDGE .$250.00

_ ~~LEEDS & NORTH RU P COM PANY1 2 ! IL ~926 STENTO AVENUE PHILADELPHIA, PA.

MEASURING INSTRUMENTS, TELEMETERS, AUTOMATIC CONTROLS, HEAT-TREATING FURNACESJ-EJ32 (1)

SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS VOL. 83, No. 21506

VOL. 83, No. 2150

erated, sick, decorticate.) (2) The activity requiredof the animal is easy and familiar. Instead of alocalized, differential response (retraction of the rightfore-paw), any gross somatic behavior will do. Thecage turns so readily as to require minimal incentive orenergy. (3) It gives the animal unhampered free-dom of limb movement and thus obviates "fightingthe apparatus." Any form of restraint is particularlyresented by cats. (4) Its principal feature is probablythat no response is incorrect. With most devices,everything the animal may spontaneously do is wrongexcept the one reaction imposed by the experimenter;hence most of the training-time is consumed in ex-tinguishing or inhibiting false starts. Here on thecontrary, any movement gross enough to turn thecage is adequate. If the animal tries to escape, it alsoturns the cage; whether it walks forward, backward orsidewise is immaterial. Only inactivity is unaccept-able.

W. J. BROGDENELMER CULLER

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

AN AID IN COLOR-BLINDNESSTHE general assumption relative to color-blindness

seems to have been that no artificial aid was possiblefor persons suffering from the condition. Actually,such a pessimistic attitude is not justified in the case

of this or almost any other sensory deficiency. Theinconveniences of color-blindness can be partiallyoffset by proper use of color-filters.For example, there appear occasional news items

telling of color-blind persons who have learned todistinguish the red and green traffic lights by theirpositions in the signal and who have then been throwninto confusion by trying to apply their method ofdiscrimination in a town where the practice is differentas regards the position of the two lights. Thesestories have resulted in some attempts at standardiza-tion of the signals, but irregularities of practice stillexist.An infallible and simple expedient for the color-

blind person faced by this situation is to affix red andgreen color-filters, one above the other, to the wind-shield of his car in such a way that their positonscan not become accidentally interchanged. Becausered and green are complementary colors, the red signalwill be visible only through the red filter and the green

signal through the green.

The device is improved by placing a prism or reduc-ing lens over each filter in such a way that the signalwill be visible through both filters at the same time.In this form, that is to say, with the lenses, the idea

has been tried out and found operative.The experimental model as constructed by the writer

employed red and green Eastman Wratten filtersdesignated as 25A and 58B, respectively. These weremounted side by side between two pieces of glass, witha minus 3 diopter lens in front of each ifiter. Suctioncups were provided for affixing the device to the wind-shield of a car, tests being made with color-blind volun-teers both in traffic and in the laboratory.Another possibility is that one of the color-filters

might be perforated, and parts of the other set in itlike polka-dots. Thus, if the red filter were per-forated and the openings were filled with the greenmaterial, a red traffic light or other red object viewedthrough the resulting filter would appear bright withdark spots. A green object, on the other hand, wouldappear dark with bright spots. This is a type of dis-crimination which would be easy for the color-blindperson.

Red-green color-blindness is probably not the onlytype that could be offset by the expedient of usingcolor-filters, but to prescribe the suitable filters forother less well-defined types would be an undertakingrequiring careful study and justified only in the eventthat the afflicted individuals can be persuaded to makeuse of the aid.

THOMAS RossUNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON

BOOKS RECEIVEDAnnales Bryologici. Vol. VIII. Fr. Verdoorn, Editor.

Pp. 173. Illustrated. Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague.Gld. 7, 50.

BOLZAU, EMMA LYDIA. Almira Hart Lincoln Phelps: HerLife and Work. Pp. xi + 534. IllUstrated. Distributedby The Science Press Printing Company.

BOWMAN, ISAIH. A Design for Scholarship. Pp. vi +185. 4 figures. Johns Hopkins Press. $1.75.

COLLINS, A. FREDERICK. Fun with Electricity. Pp. xii +238. 128 figures. Appleton-Century. $2.00.

DE KRuIF, PAUL. Why Keep Them Alive? Pp. 293. Har-court, Brace. $3.00.

GRAY, GEORGE W. New World Pictutre. Pp. xiii + 402.Illustrated. Little, Brown. $3.50.

HERFS, ADOLF. Zoologica. Original-Abhandlungen ausdem Gesamtgebiete der Zoologie. 34. Band, Heft 90.Okologisch-physiologische Studien an Anthrenus fascia-tus Herbst. Pp. 96. 5 plates. E. Schweizerbart'scheVerlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart. Mk. 3-G.

MCLACHLAN, N. W. The New Acoustics: A Survey ofModern Development in Acoustical Engineering. Pp.vi + 166. 100 figures. Oxford University Pres. $2.75.

NEEDHAM, JOSEPH. Order and Life. Terry Lectures.Pp. 175. 45 figures. Yale University Press. $2.50.

PLANCK, MAx. The Philosophy of Physics. Pp. 128.Norton. $2.00.

WEIDLEIN, EDWARD R. and WILLIAM A. HAmoR. Glancesat Industrial Research. Pp. x + 246. 25 figures. Rein-hold, New York. $2.75.

WEISENBURG, THEODORE, ANNE ROWE and KATHARiNE E.MCBRIDE. Adult Intelligence. Pp. xiii + 155. 14 fig-ures. The Commonwealth Fund, New York. $1.40.

YABE, HISAKATSU, and Tosmo SUGIYAMA. Jurassic Stro-matoporoids from Japan. Vol. XIV, No. 2B, SecondSeries (Geology) 1935, of Science Reports of theT6hoku Imperial University. Pp. 58. 8 figures. 32plates. Maruzen, Tokyo.

SCIENCE270

MARCH 13, 1936 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS 7

SCHOOLAND SOCIETY

EDITED BY J. McKEEN CATTELLCONTENTS

FEBRUARY 8The Association of American Colleges:

The Integrity of the American College from the Stand-point of Administration: WALTER ALBERT JESSUP.

The Integrity of the College: HENRY MERRITT WRISTON.Educational Events:

Public Support for Religious Schools; The Junior Col-leges in South Carolina; Fellowships at the AdvancedSchool of Education at Teachers College, ColumbiaUniversity; The Budget of the Denver Public Schools;New York State Appropriations for Public Schools;Commission on Educational Freedom; Resignation ofthe Superintendent of the San Francisco Schools.

Educational Notes and News.Discussion:

Philosophy in the Small College: P. F. VALENTINE.To Educational Theorists: MILDRED DEAN. Socialismand Catholicism in the Mexican Schools: WILLIAM F.MONTAVON.

Special Correspondence:Improvement of Instruction in Albion College: A. M.CHICKERING.

Quotations:University Professorships at Harvard.

Societies and Meetings:Annual Meeting of the American Association of Uni-versity Professors: H. W. T.

FEBRUARY 15Adjustment and Values: WILLIAM CLARK TROW.Educational Events:

The National Survey of Visual Instruction; ResearchPositions for Unemployed College Graduates; Cooper-ative Planning for the Future in Education; The So-ciety of State Directors of Physical and Health Educa-tion; Courses at the Metropolitan Museum, New YorkCity; Graduate School of Banking of the AmericanBankers Association; The New York Museum of Sci-ence and Industry; The St. Louis Meeting of the De-partment of Superintendence of the National EducationAssociation.

Educational Notes and News.Discussion:

Responsibilities of Research Workers in Teachers Col-leges: C. C. UPSHALL.

Special Correspondence:The Princeton Institute for Advanced Study: CORRE-SPONDENT. School Books of Other Days in the NewarkLibrary Exhibit: R. NEWCOMB. Relating OrientalResearc7h to American Education: R. EARNSHAW.

Quotations:Taxation and the Pittsburgh Board of Education; An-nual Report of the Superintendent of the New YorkCity Schools.

Societies and Meetings:Critical Review of the New York State AssociatedAcademic Principals Conference: ORLIE M. CLEM.

Educational Research and Statistics.

FEBRUARY 22The College Library and College Teaching: THEODORE E.

NORTON.Integration-A Return to First Principles: JOHN J. DEBOER.Educational Events:

Nursery Schools in England; Annual Report of theChildren's Fund of Michigan; Message from GovernorEarle to the Pennsylvania State Teachers Association;Safety Education at Detroit; The Wisconsin AlumniResearch Foundation; The Two-Unit Plan at MountHolyoke College; Graduate Technical Training at theUniversity of Cincinnati.

Educational Notes and News.Discussion:

One Way or Another: J. H. DILLARD. Guidance inAdult Thinking: JULIAN -L. GREIFER. Education inLiberia: MALCOLM CULBERTSON.

Special Correspondence:Trtivel Study in Transylvania College: V. F. PAYNE.Teacher Training Reform in Germany: HANS NABHOLZ.

Quotations:The British Educational Program.

Reports:The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement ofTeaching.

Educational Research and Statistics:Resemblance of Bilingual Siblings in Verbal Intelli-gence: HARRY SEGNER HILL.

FEBRUARY 29The Department of Superintendence:

Rural Education and the National Welfare: AGNESSAMUELSON.

The Scholar in an Age of Conflicts: CHARLES A. BEARD.Educational Events:

International House at the Cite Universitaire in Paris;Proposed Educational Legislation; Resolutions of theModern Language Association; Legislation Recom-mended by the Minnesota Council of School Executives;The Restriction of Enrolment at the Massachusetts In-stitute of Technology; The Radio Questionnaire of theChildren's Aid Society; Experimental Schools in NewYork City; Conference on Forum Centers for CivicEducation Demonstrations; The Massachusetts Societyfor Freedom in Teaching; Fellowships of the AmericanAssociation of University Women.

Educational Notes and News.Discussion:

Thinking and Character Education through LanguageLearning: C. H. HANDSCHIN. A Farewell to Scholar-ship?: DAVID G. RYANS.

Special Correspondence:Education in Japan: S. W. DOWNS.

Quotations:Address by President Roosevelt.

Educational Research and Statistics:Intelligence Test Scores and School Marks of HighSchool Seniors in 1929 and 1933: E. A. RUNDQUIST.

$5.00 A YEAR PUBLISHED WEEKLY 15 CENTS A COPY

THE SCIENCE PRESSGRAND CENTRAL TERMINAL, NEW YORK CITY

i I

MARCH 13, 1936 7SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS

M R H 1,13 SC E C - A V R I E NT9

VITAMIN AOn January 30th, 1932, Mead Johnson & Company announced an award of $1 5,000

"to be given to the investigator or group of investigators producing the most conclusiveresearch on the vitamin A requirements of human beings." (J.A.M.A., January 30,1932, pages 14-15.)

This award was extended on February 11th, 1933 (J.A.M.A., pages 12-13) to includean additional award of $5,000 for a laboratory investigation "which may later serve for, orpoint the way toward an evaluation of the vitamin A requirements of human beings."

In accordance with the terms announced, the Judges decided (April 10, 1935)that the Clinical Award should be postponed until December 31st, 1936, and that theLaboratory Award should be divided between Dr. S. B. Wolbach, Harvard University,for his basic work on the pathology of avitaminosis A, the regeneration of epithelialtissue impaired by vitamin A deficiency, and the relationship of vitamin A to the integ-rity of the teeth; and Dr. Karl E. Mason, Vanderbilt University, for distinguishingexactly between the pathology of avitaminosis A and avitaminosis E, and for his con-tribution to the quantitative relationship of vitamin A deficiency to the keratinizationof germinal epithelia.

The Judges for this award were announced February 11, 1933: Isaac A. Abt,Northwestern University; K. D. Blackfan, Harvard University; Alan Brown, Univer-sity of Toronto; Horton R. Casparis, Vanderbilt University; H. F. Helmholz, MayoClinic; Alfred F. Hess, Columbia University; E. V. McCollum, Johns Hopkins Uni-versity; L. B. Mendel, Yale University; L. T. Royster, University of Virginia; andRobert A. Strong, Tulane University.

PRESENT STATUSMany papers on vitamin A have appeared since December 31st, 1934. Most of

these have been in the field of laboratory experimentation, but, in addition, numerouspublications involving clinical studies have appeared. From time to time, availableabstracts of such work are sent, by the Secretary, to the Judges.

It is to be noted that the main award will be made on the basis of papers published,or accepted for publication, by December 31st, 1936.

It is the earnest hope of the sponsors of this award that the large amount of experi-mental work which has been done since January, 1932, will permit a true evaluation ofthe vitamin A requirements of human beings.

MEAD JOHNSON & COMPANYEvansville, Ind., U. S. A.

MAROHi 13, 1936 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS 9