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I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra-...

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I I History And Background History And Background Mohammed – God’s final prophet God’s final prophet “Muslims believe in a chain of prophets starting w. Adam Adam, including Noah Noah, Abra- Abra- ham ham, Ishmael Ishmael, Isaac Isaac, Jacob Jacob, Joseph Joseph, Job Job, Moses Moses, Aaron Aaron, David David, Solomon Solomon, Elias Elias, Jonah Jonah, John John the Baptist, and Jesus JesusGod’s final message to man, a reconfirma-tion of the eternal message and a summing up of all that has gone before was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad Muhammad through Gabriel”
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Page 1: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

II History And BackgroundHistory And Background

Mohammed – God’s final prophetGod’s final prophet

“Muslims believe in a chain of prophets starting w. AdamAdam, including NoahNoah, Abra-Abra-hamham, IshmaelIshmael, IsaacIsaac, JacobJacob, JosephJoseph, JobJob, MosesMoses, AaronAaron, DavidDavid, SolomonSolomon, EliasElias, JonahJonah, JohnJohn the Baptist, and JesusJesus… God’s final message to man, a reconfirma-tion of the eternal message and a summing up of all that has gone before was revealed to the Prophet MuhammadMuhammad through Gabriel”

Page 2: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Mohammed, early life

Born at Mecca, Arabia, c. A.D. 570

Meager living as attendant on caravans, and watching sheep and goats

Disreputable occupation among Arabs

He later gloried in it, appealing to the example of Moses and David

Page 3: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Mohammed’s career / health

•Never learned to read or write •Began his career as prophet and reformer in 610, age forty

•Severe headaches, feverish convulsions

•Epileptic fits, attributed to over-powering presence of God

Page 4: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Mohammed’s family

Age 25, married a rich widow (age 40)

After her death, he had a number of slave concubines, married 14+ wives

Caused him much trouble and scandal

Ayesha married him at age 9 (6); he was 53

““The prophet loved three things, The prophet loved three things, women, perfumes and food….”women, perfumes and food….”

Page 5: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

MohammedismMohammedism – – IslamIslam

Persecution forced his flight to Medina (622)

Died in 632, the accepted prophet and ruler throughout Arabia

“MohammedismMohammedism” after its founder

“IslamIslam” from its chief virtue (submission)

Among his last words: ““The Lord The Lord destroy the Jews and Christiansdestroy the Jews and Christians!”!”

Page 6: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Mohammed and the sword

““The sword is the key of heaven and The sword is the key of heaven and hell; a drop of blood shed in the cause hell; a drop of blood shed in the cause of Allah, a night spent in arms, is of of Allah, a night spent in arms, is of more avail than two months of fasting more avail than two months of fasting or prayer: whosoever falls in battle, or prayer: whosoever falls in battle, his sins are forgiven, and at the day of his sins are forgiven, and at the day of judgment his limbs shall be supplied judgment his limbs shall be supplied by the wings of angels and cherubim”by the wings of angels and cherubim” –Mohammed

Page 7: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Mohammed and Gabriel

In 610, at age 40, he received the call of Gabriel, the archangel at the right hand of God

Mohammed dictated the Koran “from inspiration” to disciples and clerks

In the Koran, several times he expres-In the Koran, several times he expres-sly disclaims the power of miraclessly disclaims the power of miracles

Page 8: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Mohammed and Joseph Smith

1. Uneducated

2. Claimed revelation of angel

3. Claimed inspiration

4. Messenger and apostle of God

5. Claimed text of Bible corrupt

6. Their revelation to correct this

7. Received fullness of the gospel

Page 9: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

8. Subject of prophecy in Old and New Testaments

9. Bible is word of God if translated correctly, authenticated by Koran

10. Contradictions in the Bible

11. Purpose . . . unify (but failed)

12. Polygamy

Page 10: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

IIII The KoranThe Koran

KoranKoran: the reading; the book 114 Surahs, 6,225 verses

No room for the KoranNo room for the Koran 1. Jn.16:13, Lord’s promisepromise 2. Ac.20:27, Paul’s preachingpreaching 3. 2 Jn.9, John’s prohibitionprohibition

Page 11: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

No need for the KoranNo need for the Koran

1. Mk.16:15-16, what can it add?

2. Col.2:10, complete in Christ

3. 2 Tim.3:16-17, Scriptures

Page 12: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

About a year after Mohammed’s death…

…at the direction of Abu-Bakr, his father-in-law, and immediate succes-sor, Zayd, the chief amanuensis, collected the scattered fragments of the Koran “from palm leaves, and from palm leaves, and tablets of white stone, and from the tablets of white stone, and from the breasts of menbreasts of men,” w/o any regard to chronological order or continuity of subjects

Page 13: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

The Koran and Textual CriticismThe Koran and Textual Criticism

• As different readings of copies occasioned serious disputes, Zayd et al. tried to secure the purity of the text

• All previous copies were called in and burnedburned

Page 14: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

The Koran and ScripturesThe Koran and Scriptures

Earlier Surahs speak often and highly of the Scriptures, calling them “the Book of Godthe Book of God,” “the Word the Word of Godof God,” “the Gospelthe Gospel,” and describes Jews and Christians as “the people of the Bookthe people of the Book…”

Page 15: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Comparing NT and Koran

Different copies Different copies arose arose

Different copies Different copies arose arose

Taught publicly and privately

Apostles taught publicly and

privately

No such promiseNo such promisePromised H. S. to Promised H. S. to guide disciples guide disciples

Mohammed wrote nothing

Jesus wrote nothing

Page 16: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

NT Koran

Koran authentic? ? Our copy Our copy authentic? Yesauthentic? Yes

Original Koran not Original Koran not in existence now in existence now

Originals not in Originals not in existence now existence now

Compare. Collate. Collect. Burn the

rest

Compare. Collate. Compare. Collate. Collect.Collect.

Page 17: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

The Koran Contradicts ItselfThe Koran Contradicts Itself“Then when the Sacred Months … have passed, then killkill the Mushrikun (idolaters, polytheists, etc., rd) wherever you find them, and capturecapture them and besiegebesiege them, and lie in waitlie in wait for them in each and every ambushambush. But if they repent and perform As-Salat (prayers, 5x a day, rd) and give Zakat (charity, rd) then leave their way then leave their way freefree…”(9:5)

Page 18: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

But: No CompulsionBut: No Compulsion

“There is no compulsion in religionno compulsion in religion. Verily, the Right Path has become distinct from the wrong path. WhoeverWhoever disbelieves in Taghut (idolatry, rd) and believes in Allah, then he has grasped the most trustworthy handhold that will never break…” (2:256)

Page 19: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Jews and Christians have rewardJews and Christians have reward

“Verily! Those who believe and those who are Jews and ChristiansJews and Christians, and Sabians, whoeverwhoever believes in Allah and the Last Day and does righteous good deeds shall have shall have their reward w. their Lordtheir reward w. their Lord, on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve” (2:62)

Page 20: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

But: Abrogated!But: Abrogated!

“This Verse…mentioned in the Qur’an should not be misinterpreted by the reader…that the provision of this Verse was abrogatedabrogated by the Verse 3:85: “And whosoever seeks a religion other than Islam, it will never be accepted of him, and in the Hereafter, he will be one of he will be one of the losersthe losers.” (i.e. after the coming of Prophet Muhammad on the earth, no other religion except Islam, will be accepted from anyone)” (2:62 ftnt.; 3:85)

Page 21: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Summary:

Whatever is true in the Koran is Whatever is true in the Koran is borrowed from the Bible; what is borrowed from the Bible; what is

original is false or frivolousoriginal is false or frivolous

Jn.16:13

Were first century Christians pleasing to God w/o revelations of Mohammed?

If so, why not today? (Jude 3)

Page 22: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Satanic VersesSatanic Verses

Muhammad and followers were perse-cuted for attacking pagan faiths of Mecca

83 of his followers emigrated from Mecca to Ethiopia (Abyssinia)

Mohammed compromised with Meccan Mohammed compromised with Meccan pagans: acknowledged existence of pagans: acknowledged existence of three pagan goddesses next to Allah: three pagan goddesses next to Allah: LatLat, , UzzaUzza, and , and ManatManat (Surah 53:19-22)

Page 23: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Salman Rushdie did not Salman Rushdie did not invent invent The Satanic VersesThe Satanic Verses

Meccans revoked their ban on Moham.

Those who had immigrated to Abyssinia started home after hearing the persecution had ended

By time they arrived in Mecca, Moham. By time they arrived in Mecca, Moham. had had retractedretracted his confession and his confession and admitted that he had fallen prey to the admitted that he had fallen prey to the whisperingwhispering ofof SatanSatan – Surah 53:19-22

Page 24: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Confession: Surah 22:52-53

All prophets were tempted by Satan Satan who inspired them with demonic who inspired them with demonic versesverses, as if they were actually revealed by God

Allah later abrogated Satanic Verses with new revelations

Islam says Allah permits demonic Islam says Allah permits demonic inspiration to test weak believers and inspiration to test weak believers and to cut off those with hardened heartsto cut off those with hardened hearts

Page 25: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Consequences:Consequences:

1.1. If Mohammed could not disting-If Mohammed could not disting-uish Satan's voice from God’s, uish Satan's voice from God’s, could there be other verses in the could there be other verses in the Koran that he assumed were from Koran that he assumed were from God but were really from Satan? God but were really from Satan?

2.2. Mohammed should have been put Mohammed should have been put to death as a false prophet!to death as a false prophet! Dt.18:20

Page 26: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

ConsequencesConsequences, cont’d., cont’d.

3. 3. Earliest available Earliest available IslamicIslamic sources sources on Moham. life record this event: on Moham. life record this event: Ibn Ishaq, Wakidi, Ibn Sa’d, and Ibn Ishaq, Wakidi, Ibn Sa’d, and TabariTabari

4. Allah is not the God of the Bible4. Allah is not the God of the BibleNu.23:19Mal.3:6Lk.21:33Tit.1:2; Hb.6:18; Ja.1:17

Page 27: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

IIIIII Koran Contradicts Biblical Koran Contradicts Biblical View Of JesusView Of Jesus

Virgin Birth NarrativeZacharias and John: Surah 19:…10: “Zachariah said: ‘My Lord! Appoint “Zachariah said: ‘My Lord! Appoint for me a sign.’ He said: ‘Your sign for me a sign.’ He said: ‘Your sign is that you shall not speak unto is that you shall not speak unto mankind for three nights, though mankind for three nights, though having no bodily defect’”having no bodily defect’”

[Ct. Lk.1:…18-20]

Page 28: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Mary and Gabriel: Surah 19:…20-34

• Gave birth under a date-palm

• Baby spoke to her / for her

–Does not match biblical record

–Ebionite origin

• Mt.1:16, 18

Page 29: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Is Jesus the Son of God?O people of the Scripture (Christians)! Do not exceed the limits in your religion, nor say of Allah aught but the truth. The Messiah ‘Isa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary), was (no more than) a Messenger of Allah and His Word, (“Be!” – and he was) which He bestowed on Maryam (Mary) and a spirit (Ruh) created by Him; so believe in Allah and His Messengers. Say not: “Three (trinity)!” Cease! (it is) better for you. For Allah is (the only) One…glory be to Him (Far Exalted is He) above having a son… – Surah 4:171

Page 30: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Was Jesus crucified?And because of their saying (in boast), “We killed Messiah ‘Isa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary), the Messenger of Allah” – but they killed him not, nor crucified but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but it appeared so to them [the him, but it appeared so to them [the resemblance of ‘Isa (Jesus) was put resemblance of ‘Isa (Jesus) was put over another man (and they killed that over another man (and they killed that man)], and those who differ therein are man)], and those who differ therein are full of doubtsfull of doubts. They have no (certain) knowledge, they follow nothing but conjecture. For surely; they killed him For surely; they killed him not (i.e. ‘Isa (Jesus), son of Maryam not (i.e. ‘Isa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary)(Mary) – Surah 4:157

Page 31: I History And Background God’s final prophet Mohammed – God’s final prophet Adam NoahAbra- hamIshmaelIsaacJacobJosephJob MosesAaronDavidSolomonElias JonahJohnJesus.

Jesus died by crucifixion

• Mk.8:31, Jesus predicted itJesus predicted it

• The same Jesus died, was raised

– Ac.2:36, this Jesus


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